Multidisciplinary Knowledge Research Articles

The Relevance of Social Sciences Teacher Education Programme in Preparing Effective Secondary School Educators

In Mauritius, the teaching of social studies presents educators with a unique set of challenges, as they are expected to have multi-disciplinary knowledge and multi-dimensional skills to be effective in classrooms. Many of these social studies educators have undertaken the PGCE (Post Graduate Certificate in Education) course offered by the Mauritius Institute of Education (MIE), which is the leading teacher training institute in the country. This paper explores the relevance of the social sciences teacher education programme offered by the MIE in preparing secondary school educators to meet the challenges in their practice in the wake of current curricular reforms. The study used focus group discussions as the main tool to gather in depth views of the participants. Preliminary findings tend to show that although educators may possess skills, lack of mastery in multi-disciplinary knowledge influences their proficiency in classrooms. An analysis of the different modules of the social sciences programme also shows a gap between the educators' needs and the modules offered.

Towards Building Multidisciplinary Knowledge on Management of Technology: An Introduction to the Special Issue

Management of technology (MOT) concerns the processes by which innovations in technology are transformed to ultimately diffuse into the marketplace. As such, operations management contributes to the multidisciplinary realm of MOT through its study of a firm's resource capabilities. This special issue offers a broad and deep discussion on the interface between MOT and POM. The contributions of the MOT special issue are fourfold. First, we invited scholars from a variety of disciplines to write papers that highlight a broad perspective of emerging problems in MOT that can be addressed by POM researchers. Second, a set of contributed papers is included in the special issue spanning several themes at the intersection of POM and MOT. Third, much of this article is devoted to a deep discussion of an emerging theme that represents a fundamental challenge to the modern, knowledge‐intensive firm. Specifically, we explore how firms develop and leverage internal and external knowledge‐based resource capabilities to respond to the dynamic opportunities and threats created by innovations in technology. Lastly, we provide a comprehensive discussion of future research opportunities that relate to the challenges in managing the knowledge‐intensive firm.

Scientificity and Rationality of Chinese Traditional Classical Fengshui Theory

Chinese traditional Fengshui theory was the fundamental basis, norm, and guiding ideology for site selection, planning, design, and building of residences in the ancient times. Based on the main classical theories of Chinese ancient Fengshui theory and the classical Fengshui model which is suitable for the planning and design of space field, this paper discusses and analyzes the Chinese traditional Fengshui theory from the multidisciplinary perspectives of hydrology, climatology, geology, topography, landscape ecology, environmental psychology, with an aim to demonstrate its scientificity and rationality, thereby, promote correct understanding and reasonable application of it. The conclusion is that Fengshui is based on multi-disciplinary knowledge, especially contains a large number of geological geography knowledge, and reflects the distinct principles of environmental ecology and sustainability. It is a comprehensive and systemic theory of planning and designing environment and architecture from the perspective of the modern scientific theory. The paper also aims to corroborate that Chinese traditional classical Fengshui theory is not only a culture or latent science, but also a comprehensive and interdisciplinary geography and environmental science with rich humanistic connotation. Therefore, it can and should be used extensively in the land-use policy, urban planning, landscape restoration, environmental protection, etc, and should be spread from China to Asian countries with similar cultural heritage, and even to the rest of the world.

Quality by design approaches for pharmaceutical development and manufacturing of Chinese medicine

The pharmaceutical quality was built by design, formed in the manufacturing process and improved during the product's lifecycle. Based on the comprehensive literature review of pharmaceutical quality by design (QbD), the essential ideas and implementation strategies of pharmaceutical QbD were interpreted. Considering the complex nature of Chinese medicine, the "4H" model was innovated and proposed for implementing QbD in pharmaceutical development and industrial manufacture of Chinese medicine product. "4H" corresponds to the acronym of holistic design, holistic information analysis, holistic quality control, and holistic process optimization, which is consistent with the holistic concept of Chinese medicine theory. The holistic design aims at constructing both the quality problem space from the patient requirement and the quality solution space from multidisciplinary knowledge. Holistic information analysis emphasizes understanding the quality pattern of Chinese medicine by integrating and mining multisource data and information at a relatively high level. The batch-to-batch quality consistence and manufacturing system reliability can be realized by comprehensive application of inspective quality control, statistical quality control, predictive quality control and intelligent quality control strategies. Holistic process optimization is to improve the product quality and process capability during the product lifecycle management. The implementation of QbD is useful to eliminate the ecosystem contradictions lying in the pharmaceutical development and manufacturing process of Chinese medicine product, and helps guarantee the cost effectiveness.

农村土地货币化的探讨与研究

近年来，农村问题一直是国家重点关注的热点问题。期间大量的专家学者对于农村土地制度进行激烈的争论。相继有人大代表、国土资源部和新华社等专业人士对于农村土地问题发表看法。本文就相应的背景和知识，提出了农村土地货币化可行性的研究。论文利用经济学、法学、社会学等多学科的知识对于农村土地货币化做出可行性的研究，文章一共有七个部分，分别从背景、农村土地货币化意义、农村土地货币化现状、实施障碍、相应对策和农村土地货币化前景分析等方面分析，希望论文的相关观点能够为相关政府部门提供参考。 In recent years, rural area problems have been a hot issue which nation mainly concerns. During the period, a large number of experts and scholars argued bitterly about the rural land system. Some professional staffs, such as NPC member, Ministry of Land and Resources and the Xinhua News Agency have published their views on rural land issues. Based on the related background and knowledge, the article puts forward the research on the feasibility of the monetization of rural land. The article uses multi-disciplinary knowledge, such as economics, law and sociology to make a feasibility study. The article has seven parts in all, including the background, the meaning of the rural land monetization, the present situation of the rural land monetization, barriers to implementation, corresponding measures and the analysis of the prospective of the monetization of rural land. We hope related ideas can provide reference for relevant government departments.

The Mechanism of Knowledge Associated Integration of Interdisciplinary Research Team Based on Absorption Ability

Interdisciplinary research team (IDRT) to solve complex, major multidisciplinary problem, is an important organization form. Members thought fusion and multidisciplinary knowledge integration is the key of implementing interdisciplinary team sustainable competitive advantage. According to the theory of knowledge absorptive capacity, this paper has analyzed knowledge associated integration mechanism of interdisciplinary team. First, the paper analyses the characteristics of absorbing ability cognitive mediation, subject link together mechanism, dimension conversion mechanism and reciprocal decision mechanism. Second, this paper builds an absorption evolution model of knowledge associated integration of interdisciplinary research team. Finally, it simulates and analyzes the evolution characteristics of interdisciplinary team knowledge network, and proposes management strategy.

Inglês

The purpose of this article is to present a reserach based on the scientific content of microalgae in a nutritionalperspective, integrating multidisciplinary knowledge for academia and for community at large. Special mention to the possibilityof incorporating them in activities and strategies for reading and interpretation of scientific texts based on contextualizedapproaches. The methodology consisted in analytical, interpretive and qualitative description of the content of scientificcommunications. The reserach allowed to present content and image of microalgae in a nutritional perspective, potential forleading discussions, with possibility to produce effective contributions by integrating pedagogical practices planned byprofessors and researchers from different fields and levels of education in a contextualized approaches.

A WebGIS-based flood control management system for small reservoirs: a case study in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River

Small reservoirs are important to flood control and water resource utilization in local areas. This study proposes a WebGIS-based flood control management system to support the flood discharge of small reservoirs during intensive rainfall in the flood season. The agile software development method and a loosely coupled structure are used to combine multidisciplinary knowledge from different experts. A flood level forecasting model for reservoirs in humid regions is established based on rainfall and water level measurements. It aims to provide concise information for reservoir managers to choose an appropriate discharging scheme, so that the capacity is maintained in a safe range on the next day. Using the Hengshan Reservoir in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River as an example, the model verification reveals that it is acceptable for rainfall events whose daily amount is near or above 100 mm (the heavy rainstorm level in China), and the system is verified by a trial operation during the typhoon season. While most existing flood control systems focus on river basins and large reservoirs, this study considers the data availability and practical flood discharging scenario of small reservoirs, and provides a useful tool for flood control management.

Medidas de cultura de inovação e de cultura organizacional para análise da associação com inovação

RESUMO A cultura de inovação tem sido objeto de estudo em diferentes países e áreas de conhecimento. Almeja-se com seu desenvolvimento que os membros de uma organização compartilhem valores associados à inovação. Neste ensaio, buscou-se descrever e analisar instrumentos de medida de cultura de inovação, assim como caracterizar instrumentos de cultura organizacional empregados para avaliar a associação com inovação. A partir de ampla revisão da literatura nas principais bases de dados disponíveis no país, na área de conhecimento multidisciplinar, foram identificados quatro instrumentos que visavam avaliar a cultura de inovação, sendo apenas dois que apresentaram maior rigor e mostraram indicadores de validade de uma medida. As medidas de cultura organizacional associadas à inovação são diversas e revelam a complexidade e a falta de consenso sobre o construto analisado. Tais resultados contribuem para a realização de estudos quantitativos sobre o tema e diagnósticos organizacionais.

Research and Theory as Necessary Tools for Organizational Training and Performance Improvement Practitioners

Human Performance Technology (HPT) is the applied study and practice of improving organizational performance through training and non-training interventions. For practitioners working in this area that identify themselves as an HPT practitioner, organizational training and performance (OTP) specialist, or instructional designer—offering the right intervention set requires understanding of how humans work and function internally and within organizations that are bounded by environmental, societal, and economic realities. The HPT field is rooted in a multi-disciplinary knowledge base and has its own models and theories, which are generally developed by practitioners to guide their practice. Because HPT follows a systematic, data-driven process akin to action research, HPT practitioners are applied researchers even if they do not see themselves as such. What we need is more collaboration between scholars, practitioners, professional associations, and businesses to create a culture of engagement and involve everybody in the validation of applied research and theory development.

The Trouble with Touch? New Insights and Observations on Touch for Social Work and Social Care

This article overviews multidisciplinary knowledge on touch and explores its relevance for social work. It evaluates the limited literature from social work and related practice-based disciplines which suggests how potentially harmful and risk-averse many current 'professional' touch practices are. Alternative biological and psychological literature is analysed, elucidating the importance of regular positive touch for good physical and mental health, the adverse consequences of abusive touch or touch deficit and the corresponding potential for restorative touch practices. Social-psychological, clinical and consumer research is also drawn on, demonstrating links between touch, persuasion and aversion, and registering clear gender, age, sexuality, power and cross-national differences. The analysis is then extended through an examination of sociological and philosophical literature which guards against viewing the mind and body as unrelated entities, evaluates work-based touch within organisational contexts, and highlights the profound influence of history, culture and social class. This synthesis of diverse multidisciplinary literature therefore illuminates the potential consequences of social workers adopting an uninformed, defensive and avoidant or control-orientated stance towards touch whilst simultaneously constructing new insights to help social workers acquire more nuanced understandings and practise more knowledgeably and empathically.

Implementing a composite indicator approach for prioritizing activated sludge-based wastewater treatment plants at large spatial scale

Successful implementation of the European Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive requires a deepened and multidisciplinary knowledge of the wastewater systems. The development of ready-to-use tools for decision makers is, in this sense, a challenge. This paper proposes a methodology to efficiently prioritize wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) on the basis of the relative environmental, social and public health impacts, taking into account the territorial context issues. The proposed methodology has led to the implementation of a composite indicator. The several choices made for its development, from the definition of framework to the final outcomes, have been evaluated in depth and are supported through methodological and statistical techniques. The potential use of the composite indicator with the inherent advantages and limitations are discussed in order to provide a ready-to-use tool for final users for WWTPs prioritization. Moreover, a concise methodology for composite index implementation is described.

Características, notación y sintaxis para el diseño de indicadores claves de proceso (KPI) en sistemas de adecuación de la demanda de laboratorio: el ejemplo de las recomendaciones de no hacer de AEBM-ML

Laboratory Medicine is an area of multidisciplinary knowledge in continuous change. The scientific societies have the responsibility for summarising and disseminating the latest scientific advances, as well as providing tools for their interpretation. The establishment of protocols, guidelines and recommendations is an essential activity of these societies, but these actions must be accompanied by the definition of key performance indicators. The key performance indicators enable the objectives to be correctly fulfilled. Moreover, these indicators are an improvement tool based on the intercomparison between laboratories (benchmarking).Thus, the recent publication by the Spanish Medical Biopathology Society-Laboratory Medicine (Asociación Española de Biopatología Médica-Medicina del Laboratorio) entitled “Intelligent decisions since laboratory: from choose wisely till “not to do” (Decisiones inteligentes desde el laboratorio: de elegir sabiamente a no hacer) is a good example. This publication, prepared within the framework of the “Commitment to Quality by the Spanish Scientific Societies” project, proposed by the Ministry of Health, makes 19 recommendations proposed by an expert panel of 26 laboratory professionals. Each recommendation includes several indicators to evaluate the compliance and effectiveness of their implementation.Taking the methodology and function used in the Spanish Medical Biopathology Association-Laboratory Medicine document for the design of key performance indicators as a basis, it becomes a useful guide for designing the evaluation of any adjustment process and its effective use in the laboratory.

A Review of Numerical Simulation Strategies for Hydraulic Fracturing, Natural Fracture Reactivation and Induced Microseismicity Prediction

Hydraulic fracturing, natural fracture reactivation and resulting induced microseismicity are interconnected phenomena involved in shale gas exploitation. Due to their multi-physics and their complexity, deep understanding of these phenomena as well as their mutual interaction require the adoption of coupled mechanical and fluid flow approaches. Modeling these systems is a challenging procedure as the involved processes take place on different scales of space and also require adequate multidisciplinary knowledge. An extensive literature review is presented here to provide knowledge on the modeling approaches adopted for these coupled problems. The review is intended as a guide to select effective modeling approaches for problems of different complexity.

Precise management of extraordinary agent wound by establishment of a multidisciplinary cooperation mechanism

With the development of social economy, people's lifestyle has changed accompanied with the problem of population aging. The spectrum of disease also varied accordingly, thus led to complicated and varied wound aetiology, along with the formation of innumerably changed acute and chronic wounds. Therefore, it is hard to meet the requirement of multidisciplinary knowledge and technique in the diagnosis and treatment of some extraordinary agent wound with a single discipline. The extraordinary agent wound is caused by some uncommon or rare etiological factors, the specialty of which lays on the unique mechanism of wound formation, and a lot of disciplines were involved in the diagnosis and management of the wound. A unification of multiple disciplines is needed to integrate the relevant theory and technique to care the wound by giving consideration of the symptom and the aetiology. The primary diseases which induced the uncommon agent wound should be targeted and treated effectively; meanwhile, a comprehensive treatment combined with multiple new wound management techniques should be carried out to realize the objective of precise treatment.

The Construction of Characteristic of Sports Humanistic Education and Harmonious Campus for Colleges and Universities

<p class="a"><span lang="EN-US">This article through the methods of statistic, expert interview, survey and so on. It is with improving the students' humane accomplishment as the goal and enhancing the humanistic value of the characteristics of sports. Exploring the effective new approach of the sports humanistic education: Suiting the local condition to conduct the humanistic education of sports which has regional characteristic; Making use of the advantage of the multidisciplinary knowledge and encourage to excavate the humanities sports market; Trying to play a maximum of sports humanistic education value, magnifying the sports humanities education function, making the campus environment more harmonious. </span></p>

The cadence of climate: Heritage proxies and social change

With the current and coming climate crisis, archaeologists are questioning how best to contribute to multidisciplinary climate change knowledge. In this respect, much work is being undertaken within multidisciplinary conversations on adaptation and resilience. However, less attention has been paid to the other side of the climate change equation: mitigation. Furthermore, less emphasis has been placed on the translation of archaeological research to public understandings of climate change. Cultural heritage offers an analytical tool for bridging archaeological knowledge to the specific socio-political and ethical challenges facing communities today under global climate change. I suggest that cultural heritage can act as a “proxy” for transferring the archaeological record into the lived experiences of climate change for individuals and public actors. Moreover, in supporting experiences of change, cultural heritage also builds capacity for mobilizing social change, and therefore is well-suited to advocacy work seeking climate mitigation.

Personalized PREvention of Chronic DIseases (PRECeDI): a Marie Curie RISE project

Funded in the context of the first call of the Marie Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) 2014 of Horizon 2020, the PREvention of Chronic DIseases consortium (PRECeDI, http://www.precedi.eu/) aims to provide high-quality, multidisciplinary knowledge through training and research in personalized medicine with specific focus on the personalized prevention of chronic diseases. There is a large consensus that personalized medicine is a driver of innovation for research and health care, and also for the health care system and industry as a whole [1]. In order to harness the potential of this new concept, the “PRECeDI” consortium aims to train staff from academic and non-academic institutions on several research topics related to personalized prevention of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. The acquisition of skills from researchers will come from dedicated secondments aimed at training on different research topics not available at the home institutions; attendance to training courses, workshops, seminars, conferences. In details, five research domains will be addresses: 1) identification and validation of biomarkers for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, secondary prevention of Alzheimer, and tertiary prevention of head and neck cancer; 2) economic evaluation of genomic applications; 3) ethical-legal and policy issues surrounding personalized medicine; 4) sociotechnical analysis of the pros-and cons of informing healthy individuals on their genome; 5) identification of organizational models for the provision of predictive genetic testing. PRECeDI is embedded in existing cooperation structures, such as the Erasmus Mundus ERAWEB II program, with additional leading small-medium enterprises (SMEs) in Europe and Canada as beneficiaries. The consortium consists of 9 beneficiaries, namely the Institute of Public Health, Universita del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Better Value Healthcare Ltd, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Infectiuos Diseaseses and Hygiene, Universita La Sapienza, Rome, Italy; Section Community Genetics, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands; LINKCARE Health Services S.L., Barcelona, Spain; Erasmus Universitait Medisch Centrum, Department of Epidemiology, Rotterdam, (1) Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Universita

Characteristics of the learning paradigm based university curriculum

The aim of a contemporary university is to educate a generalist who has mastereda wide array of knowledge and is be able to tackle the problems that arise in unpredictablefuture situations. In order to achieve this aim the university needs to react tothe changes in the society, the market, and political situation while simultaneouslydeveloping the university Curriculum and implementing the studies on the basis ofthe learning paradigm that ensures acquisition of transferable skills and competencies,construction of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary knowledge, fostering of lifelonglearning culture. The article analyzes the characteristics of a learning paradigmbased university Curriculum and reveals the link of each Curriculum element to therequirements of the learning paradigm. The article consists of three parts: the first partpresents the analysis of Curriculum concepts and definitions; the second part presentsfeatures of the contemporary university Curriculum; the third part presents analysis ofeach university Curriculum element in the aspect of the learning paradigm. KEY WORDS: university Curriculum, learning paradigm, Higher Education, JELcode – I23, university Curriculum characteristics. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/andragogy.v6i0.1217

TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European network for multidisciplinary research and translation of autophagy knowledge

abstractA collaborative consortium, named “TRANSAUTOPHAGY,” has been created among European research groups, comprising more than 150 scientists from 21 countries studying diverse branches of basic and translational autophagy. The consortium was approved in the framework of the Horizon 2020 Program in November 2015 as a COST Action of the European Union (COST means: CO-operation in Science and Technology), and will be sponsored for 4 years. TRANSAUTOPHAGY will form an interdisciplinary platform for basic and translational researchers, enterprises and stakeholders of diverse disciplines (including nanotechnology, bioinformatics, physics, chemistry, biology and various medical disciplines). TRANSAUTOPHAGY will establish 5 different thematic working groups, formulated to cooperate in research projects, share ideas, and results through workshops, meetings and short term exchanges of personnel (among other initiatives). TRANSAUTOPHAGY aims to generate breakthrough multidisciplinary knowledge about autophagy regulation, and to boost translation of this knowledge into biomedical and biotechnological applications.