Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire Of Adolescents Research Articles

Psychometric Properties of Suboptimal Health Status Instruments: A Systematic Review

Suboptimal health status (SHS) measurement has now been recognized as an essential construct in predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine. Currently, there are limited tools, and an ongoing debate about appropriate tools. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate and generate conclusive evidence about the psychometric properties of available SHS tools. This research aimed to identify and critically assess the psychometric properties of available SHS instruments and provide recommendations for their future use. Articles were retrieved by following the guidelines of the PRISMA checklist, and the robustness of methods and evidence about the measurement properties was assessed using the adapted COSMIN checklist. The review was registered in PROSPERO. The systematic review identified 14 publications describing four subjective SHS measures with established psychometric properties; these included the Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire-25 (SHSQ-25), Sub-health Measurement Scale Version 1.0 (SHMS V1.0), Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA), and the Sub-Health Self-Rating Scale (SSS). Most studies were conducted in China and reported three reliability indices: (1) the internal consistency measured by Cronbach's α value ranged between 0.70 and 0.96; (2) the test-retest reliability; and (3) the split-half reliability coefficient values ranged between 0.64 and 0.98, and between 0.83 and 0.96, respectively. For the values of validity coefficients in the case of SHSQ-25 > 0.71, the SHMS-1.0 ranged from 0.64 to 0.87, and the SSS ranged from 0.74 to 0.96. Using these existing and well-characterized tools rather than constructing original tools is beneficial, given that the existing choice demonstrated sound psychometric properties and established norms. The SHSQ-25 stood out as being more suitable for the general population and routine health surveys, because it is short and easy to complete. Therefore, there is a need to adapt this tool by translating it into other languages, including Arabic, and establishing norms based on populations from other regions of the world.

Childhood trauma and psychological sub-health among Chinese adolescents: the mediating effect of Internet addiction

BackgroundThe factors related to psychological sub-health (PSH) have been widely described, but the research on the mechanism behind the complex relationship between childhood trauma and PSH is limited. This study investigated the current situation and risk factors of PSH among Chinese adolescents. And further, explore whether Internet addiction (IA) plays a potential mediating effect in childhood trauma and PSH.MethodsThe study was conducted in October 2020 in Anhui Province, China. The PSH state of 866 adolescents was investigated, including demographic information such as gender, age, and grade. Childhood trauma, IA, and PSH were measured by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form (CTQ-SF), Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA). The mediating effect is further verified by the structural equation model (SEM).ResultsIn this study, 866 adolescents were selected as subjects, and the proportion of male and female is roughly equal. The prevalence of PSH in adolescents was 25.8%, and left-behind children, boarding, or adolescents who have had non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are more likely to have PSH. Through the mediation test, the direct effect of childhood trauma on PSH was 0.23 (95% CI [4.91,9.00],p <0.001), and the mediating effect of IA on childhood trauma and PSH was 0.07 (95% CI [1.42, 3.32],p <0.001). and the proportion of them is 75.14% and 24.86% respectively.ConclusionsChildhood trauma has direct and indirect effects on PSH, and IA plays a mediating effect in the indirect effect. Therefore, clarifying these relationships helps formulate and implement effective interventions to improve psychological health (PH) in Chinese adolescents.

Association of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption with psychological symptoms among Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BackgroundMental health of college students has become a public health issue of common concern worldwide. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, the problem has become even more acute. The aim of this study was to assess the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption and psychological symptoms among Chinese college students in order to promote their mental health.MethodsThe study population was 6,120 college students aged 19–22 years from Anhui, Henan and Xinjiang, China. Basic demographic information, covariates and SSB Consumption data were collected through a self-assessment questionnaire. The “Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents” was used to assess the psychological symptoms of college students. The Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA and logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the differences and associations between SSB consumption and psychological symptoms among Chinese college students.ResultsThe detection rate of psychological symptoms among Chinese college students was 8.1%. The detection rate of boys students was 9.4% and that of girls students was 7.1%, and the difference was statistically significant in comparison (χ2-value was 11.08, p < 0.001). After controlling for covariates, Model 2 analysis showed that compared to SSB consumption <2 time/week, college students with SSB consumption ≥2 time/week (OR = 2.96, 95% CI: 2.36, 3.70) had a higher risk of psychological symptoms (p < 0.001). The same trend was found for emotional symptoms, behavioral symptoms, and social adaptation difficulties dimensions.ConclusionThere is an association between SSB consumption and the occurrence of psychological symptoms among Chinese college students. Future measures should be taken to reduce both SSB consumption and the incidence of psychological symptoms.

Correlations between muscle strength and psychological health in Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis.

BackgroundStudies indicate that muscle strength is associated with good mental health. However, it remains unclear whether muscle strength is directly correlated with psychological symptoms in Chinese adolescents. Given the declining muscle strength and worrying mental health status of Chinese adolescents, the present study aimed to estimate the correlation between muscle strength and psychological symptoms as well as explore the gender differences in those correlations in Chinese adolescents.MethodFrom April to July 2018, a total of 14,344 Chinese adolescents from eight provinces were selected using a stratified clustered sampling method. Psychological symptoms were evaluated using the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA), a verified and validated questionnaire that assesses three psychological areas: emotional symptoms, behavioral symptoms, and social adaptation difficulties. Muscle strength was assessed using grip strength, sit-ups, and standing long jump. The Chi-square test was used to compare the detection rates of the different categories of psychological symptoms. A logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlations between muscle strength and psychological symptoms and explore the gender differences in those correlations in Chinese adolescents.ResultsIn general, the detection rate of psychological symptoms for Chinese adolescents was 21.39%. Males had a higher detection rate of psychological symptoms (22.12%) than females (20.66%, p < 0.05). Psychological symptoms were present in significantly fewer Chinese adolescents with a muscle strength index >P75 (19.26%) than among Chinese adolescents with a muscle strength index ≤P25 (23.00%) (χ2 = 23.417, p < 0.01). Compared with females, the OR values for males in most groups were over one (OR = 1.04–1.43), indicating that males have a higher risk of psychological symptoms than females.ConclusionsThe psychological symptom detection rate of Chinese adolescents is correlated with muscle strength. Psychological symptoms were more correlated to muscle strength in males than in females. The significance of the present study lies in the important insights for integrated mental and physical fitness intervention strategies that promote muscle strength and psychological symptoms simultaneously.

Association between Physical Fitness Index and Psychological Symptoms in Chinese Children and Adolescents.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between different physical fitness indices (PFIs) and psychological symptoms and each dimension (emotional symptoms, behavioral symptoms, social adaptation difficulties) of Chinese children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 7199 children and adolescents aged 13–18 in Jiangxi Province, China, were tested for grip strength, standing long jump, sit-ups, sit and reach, repeated straddling, 50 m run, 20 m shuttle run test (20 m SRT) items. The physical fitness indicators were standardized, converted to Z score and added up to obtain the PFI, and the self-assessment of the psychological section of the multidimensional sub-health questionnaire of adolescents (MSQA) to test the psychological symptoms, using the chi-square test to determine the psychological symptoms of different types of children and adolescents and binary logistic regression analysis to determine the association between psychological symptoms and different PFI grades. Results: The higher the PFI of Chinese children and adolescents, the lower the detection rate of psychological symptoms, emotional symptoms and social adaptation difficulties, from 25.0% to 18.4%, 31.3% to 25.7% and 20.1% to 14.4%, respectively. These results were statistically significant (χ2 = 14.073, 9.332, 12.183, p < 0.05). Taking the high-grade PFI as a reference, binary logistic regression analysis was performed. Generally, compared with the high-grade PFI, children and adolescents with a low-grade PFI (OR = 1.476, 95% CI: 1.200–1.814) or medium-grade PFI (OR = 1.195, 95% CI: 1.010–1.413) had a higher risk of psychological symptoms (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The lower the PFI of Chinese children and adolescents, the higher the detection rate of psychological symptoms, showing a negative correlation. In the future, measures should be taken to improve the physical fitness level of children and adolescents in order to reduce the incidence of psychological symptoms and promote the healthy development of children and adolescents.

Compared With Girls, Boys' Psychological Symptoms Are More Likely to Be Influenced by Lifestyle in Chinese Middle School Students

PurposeTo explore the relationship between Chinese middle school students' lifestyles and psychological symptoms and compare the differences between genders.MethodUsing the method of stratified cluster sampling, 14,356 students aged 13–18 years from 8 cities in China were selected as participants. The Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents was used to estimate psychological symptoms. Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between lifestyle and psychological symptoms.ResultsThe psychological symptom detection rate of Chinese middle school students was 21.37%. The detection rate of psychological symptoms for boys was 22.1%, which was significantly higher than for girls (20.64%, χ2 = 4.608, P < 0.05). According to the Logistic regression analysis, factors that have a positive correlation with the demonstration of psychological symptoms (P < 0.01) include: how the students go to school (by foot or on the vehicle) (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.25); inadequate time for sleep (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.28–1.72); video watching time ≥2 h/d (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.13–1.39); never exercise (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 2.07–2.76); never participate in extracurricular exercises (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.27–1.66); have breakfast occasionally (OR = 1.35, 95% CI:1.22–1.50); never have breakfast (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.62–2.24); always have snacks (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.13–1.44); always drink sugared beverages (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.22–1.55); picky with food occasionally (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.11–1.33).ConclusionsThere was a positive correlation between unhealthy lifestyle and the occurrence of psychological symptoms, and boys are more easily influenced by lifestyles than girls.

Correlation between nutritional status and mental sub-health among Chinese adolescents

Objective To explore the correlation between different nutritional status and mental sub-health of Chinese adolescents, and provide reference for improving the physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents. Methods A total of 16 545 adolescents (13-22 years old) were selected by random overall sampling method in six major administrative regions in China.The psychological part of the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA) was used for mental sub-health test. Chisquare test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze and compare the relationship between different nutritional status and mental sub-health. Results The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status in the adolescents with normal BMI group was 18.5%, while those in the lean, overweight and obese groups were 22.3%, 38.7%, and 44.7%, respectively, which were significantly different from those in the normal BMI group (χ 2 =478.68, P <0.05). After adjusted for gender and age, the Logistic regression model showed that compared with those with normal BMI, those who were thin ( OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.09-1.30), overweight ( OR =2.76, 95% CI = 2.47-3.09) and obese ( OR = 3.43, 95% CI =2.83-4.15) had increased risk of mental sub-health. Conclusion The nutritional status of Chinese adolescents in significantly related to mental sub-heatlh, hose who are underweight, overweight and obese have significantly higher risks of mental sub-health than those who are normal.Improvement of nutritional status of adolescents is beneficial to healthy adolescent development. 【摘要】 目的 探究中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康之间的相关性, 为中国青少年身心健康发展提供参考。 方法 在 中国华东、华北、中南、西北、西南和东北地区, 分别采用分层随机整体抽样法抽取 16 545 名 13~22 岁青少年, 采用青少年 亚健康多维评定问卷 (Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents, MSQA) 中的心理问卷进行心理亚健康测试。采用 χ 2 检验及 Logistic 回归分析对营养状况与心理亚健康的关系进行分析。 结果 青少年体质量指数 (BMI)正常组的心 理亚健康状态总体检出率为 18.5%, BMI 消瘦组、超重组和肥胖组分别为 22.3%, 38.7% 和 44.7%, 不同营养状况青少年的 心理亚健康状态检出率差异有统计学意义 (χ 2 =478.68, P <0.05)。Logistic 回归模型在调整了性别和年龄后, 相对于BMI正 常者, 消瘦者 ( OR =1.19,95% CI =1.09〜1.30)、超重者 ( OR = 2.76,95% CI =2.47〜3.09) 和肥胖者 ( OR = 3.43,95% CI =2.83 〜 4.15) 发生心理亚健康的风险增加。 结论 中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康相关, 消瘦、超重和肥胖者发生心理亚健康 的风险均高于正常者, 改善青少年营养状况将有利于青少年身心健康发展。

Correlation between physical fitness index and mental sub-health among Chinese adolescents

Objective To investigate the association between mental sub-health and physical fitness of Chinese adolescents, to provide a reference for promoting the physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents. Methods A total of 16 545 adolescents (13–22 years) were selected by random cluster sampling in six major administrative regions in China. The psychological part of the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA) and the physical fitness index test were used to assess mental sub-health and physical fitness, respectively. The chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze and compare the relationships between different levels of physical fitness and mental sub-health. Results The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status among high-grade physical fitness index adolescents was 11.9%, and the detection rate among low-grade physical fitness index youths was 26.0%, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ 2 = 970.73, P <0.05). The overall detection rate among high-grade physical fitness index boys was 11.1%, and that of low-grade physical fitness index boys was 24.4%. The difference was statistically significant ( χ 2 = 566.12, P <0.05). The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status among high-level physical fitness index girls was 12.8%, and that among low-level physical fitness index girls was 27.6%, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ 2 =412.25, P <0.05). After adjusting for gender, age, BMI, and region in the Logistic regression model, the detection rate of mental sub-health status of adolescents with low-grade physical fitness index was 2. 35 times higher than that of high-grade physical fitness index adolescents (95% CI = 2.12–2.61). Conclusion Adolescents with poor physical fitness have a higher risk of mental sub-health. Attention should be paid to adolescent physical fitness development to comprehensively improve physical and mental health development. 【摘要】 目的 了解中国青少年心理亚健康和体能状况及其相关性, 为促进中国青少年身心健康发展提供参考。 方法 在中国华东、华北、中南、西北、西南和东北地区, 采用分层随机整体抽样法抽取 16 545 名 13~22 岁青少年, 采用青少年亚 健康多维评定问卷 (Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents, MSQA) 中的心理问卷进行心理亚健康调查, 同 时进行体能测试。采用 χ 2 检验及 Logistic 回归分析对青少年不同体能状况与心理亚健康的关系进行分析。 结果 高等级 体能指数青少年的心理亚健康状态总体检出率为 11.9%, 低等级检出率为 26.0%, 差异有统计学意义 (χ 2 = 970.73, P < 0.05)。高等级体能指数男生心理亚健康检出率为 11.1%, 低等级检出率为 24.4%, 差异有统计学意义 (χ 2 = 566.12, P < 0.05);高等级体能指数女生心理亚健康检出率为 12.8%, 低等级检出率为 27.6%, 差异有统计学意义 (χ 2 =412.25, P < 0.05)。Logistic回归模型在调整了性别、年龄、体质量指数和地区之后, 低等级体能指数青少年心理亚健康状态检出率为 高等级者的 2.35 倍 (95% CI =2.12〜2.61)。 结论 青少年体能水平较差者发生心理亚健康风险较高。应重视青少年体能 发展水平, 全面提升中国青少年身心健康发展。

Correlation between dietary behavior and mental sub-health among Chinese adolescents

Objective To determine the relationship between mental sub-health and dietary behavior among Chinese adolescents, and to provide a scientific basis for improving adolescent mental sub-health through healthy dietary behavior. Methods A total of 16 545 adolescents aged 13 to 22 years were sampled by random cluster sampling method in six administrative regions of China. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate adolescents’ dietary behaviors and mental sub-health status. Results The proportion of boys consuming breakfast, snacks, carbonated drinks, vegetables, fish and dairy products was 76.2%, 20.2%, 19.0%, 78.4%, 52.4% and 59.2%, respectively, while the proportion of girls was 79.2%, 28.6%, 12.6%, 78.3%, 43.2% and 54.9%, respectively. Except for the “vegetable” option, dietary behaviors showed significant sex differences ( χ 2 = 20.79, 320.10, 229.06, 150.27, 32.21, P <0.01). In terms of mental sub-health, the detection rates of male adolescents’ mental sub-health status, behavioral sub-health and social sub-health were 20.7%, 26.0% and 17.2%, respectively, while those of female adolescents were 18.6%, 24.1% and 14.8%, respectively. The differences between boys and girls were statistically significant (χ 2 = 17.32, 7.66, 17.46, P <0.01). Controlling for age and gender, breakfast “normally eating” and “occasionally eat”, vegetables “normally eating” and “occasionally eat”, fish “normally eating” and “occasionally eat”, milk, dairy products “normally drink” and “occasional drink”, was negatively associated with teenagers’ psychological sub-health ( OR = 0.60, 0.73; 0.50, 0.65; 0.74, 0.77; 0.73, 0.69, P < 0.05). Conclusion Healthy dietary behavior could be protective to avoid adolescent mental sub-health. Nutritional lectures and guideline books are needed among students and their parents. Nutritionists are encouraged to provide healthy nutritional advice to school canteen. 【摘要】 目的 了解中国青少年心理亚健康与饮食行为的相关性, 为改善青少年心理亚健康提供科学依据。 方法 2015—2017 年在中国六大行政区采用分层随机整群抽样方法抽取 16 545 名 13~22 岁青少年, 采用青少年亚健康多维评定 问卷 (Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents, MSQA) 的心理问卷进行心理亚健康测试, 同时进行饮食行为 调査。 结果 男生在早餐、零食、碳酸饮料、蔬菜、鱼肉以及乳制品方面 “基本都吃/喝” 的比例分别为 76. 2%, 20. 2%, 19. 0%, 78. 4%, 52. 4%, 59. 2%, 女生分别为 79.2%, 28, 6%, 12. 6%, 78, 3%, 43. 2%, 54, 9%, 除 “蔬菜” 选项外, 其他各项在性 别间分布差异均有统计学意义 (χ 2 值分别为 20. 79, 320. 10, 229. 06, 150. 27, 32. 21, P 值均<0. 01)。心理亚健康方面, 男生 心理亚健康状态、品行亚健康和社会适应亚健康检出率分别为 20. 7%, 26. 0%, 17. 2%, 女生分别为 18. 6%, 24. 1%, 14. 8%, 差异均有统计学意义 (χ 2 值分别为 17.32, 7.66, 17.46, P 值均<0.01)。控制年龄和性别后, 多因素Logistic回归分析显示, 早餐 “基本都吃” 和 “偶尔吃” 、蔬菜 “基本都吃” 和 “偶尔吃” 、鱼肉 “基本都吃” 和 “偶尔吃” 、牛奶、乳制品 “基本都喝” 和 “偶 尔喝” 与心理亚健康状态的发生均呈负相关 ( OR 值分别为 0. 60, 0. 73; 0. 50, 0. 65; 0.74, 0. 77; 0, 73, 0. 69, P 值均<0.05)。 结论 健康的饮食行为是避免青少年产生心理亚健康的保护因素。建议学校针对家长及学生定期开展膳食营养讲座及发 放膳食营养指导手册, 学校食堂配备公共营养师指导日常配餐等。

Cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents with mental sub-health in China

ObjectiveAnalyze the correlation between CRF and mental health in adolescents from the perspective of mental sub-healt. Method16 545 adolescents were selected by random case method, and were conducted mental sub-health test by Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA)and 20m SRT. ResultThe overall 20mSRT performance of male adolescents who were mentally healthy, had mental sub-health symptoms and were in mental sub-health status were 34.6, 33.6, and 32.8shuttles, respectively. For female adolescents, the corresponding performance was 30.4, 29.7, and 28.9 shuttles, respectively; the detection rates of high CRF grade in adolescents with mental, emotional, conduct, and social adaptation sub-health were 0.195-, 0.236-, 0.226-, and 0.229-fold, respectively, that of the mentally-healthy subjects in the corresponding dimensions. ConclusionMental sub-health was negatively correlated with CRF in Chinese adolescents.

Interaction effects of co-consumption of fast food and sugar-sweetened beverages on psychological symptoms: Evidence from a nationwide survey among Chinese adolescents

Background: Although fast food and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption have been closely linked to childhood and adolescent obesity, the data regarding their co-consumption and relationship to mental health remains controversial.Methods: A multi-centered population-based survey was conducted among Chinese adolescents from grades 7 to 12. Data about participants’ consumption of fast foods and SSBs were obtained from self-reported questionnaires. Psychological symptoms were assessed using the Multi-dimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA). The association between co-consumption of fast food and SSBs and psychological symptoms was assessed using quantile regression analysis, adjusting for covariates.Results: Approximately one-fifth of the 14,500 participants reported psychological symptoms. The regression coefficient (β) value increased as the quantile of fast food, SSBs, and co-consumption increased in the quantile regression model, and the model had an excellent goodness-of-fit (F = 192.51, p < 0.001). In the interaction model, fast food and SSBs in combination were associated with greater odds of psychological symptoms (aOR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.69, 2.12). The synergy index, relative excess risk of interaction, and attributable proportions were 1.86 (95% CI: 1.17, 2.96), 0.4 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.63), and 0.22 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.33), respectively.Limitations: Information bias is inevitable in self-reported data among participants. The ability to assess causal relationships is reduced by a cross-sectional study design.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that co-consumption of fast food and SSBs was cross-sectionally associated with mental health problems among adolescents.

Correlation of health literacy and mobile phone use dependence with psychopathological symptoms in middle school students

Objective: To explore the correlation of health literacy and mobile phone use dependence with psychopathological symptoms in middle school students. Methods: 22 628 middle school students in Shenyang, Bengbu, Xinxiang, Ulanqab, Chongqing and Yangjiang were enrolled by multistage cluster sampling method from November 2015 to January 2016. Chinese Adolescent Interactive Health Literacy Questionnaire (CAIHLQ), Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU) and Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA) were applied to acquire basic characteristics, health literacy, mobile phone use dependence and psychopathological symptoms of subjects. Subjects were classified into three groups, low level (<P(25)), medium level (P(25)-P(75)) and high level (>P(75)), according to the percentile of the questionnaire score. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation of health literacy, mobile phone with psychopathological symptoms. Results: The students were (15.4±1.8) years old with 10 990 boys (48.6%). The score of health literacy of students were (104.1±18.7) points. The rate of mobile phone use dependence was 25.4% (5 752/22 628) and the rate of psychopathological symptoms was 29.1% (6 581/22 628). Compared with high health literacy level, medium and low health literacy levels were related to psychopathological symptoms, with OR (95%CI) about 2.30 (2.10-2.52) and 5.40 (4.89-5.97), respectively. Compared with mobile phone use independence, mobile phone use dependence was related to psychopathological symptoms, with OR (95%CI) about 3.60(3.37-3.85). The highest rate of psychopathological symptoms occurred in students with mobile phone use dependence and low health literacy level [68.0% (1 345/1 977)], with OR (95%CI) about 19.59 (17.07-22.48). Conclusion: Health literacy and mobile phone use dependence are related factors of psychopathological symptoms in middle school students.

Research on Mental Sub-health of Chinese Han Adolescents with Different Nutritional Statuses

ObjectiveExplore the mental sub-health of Chinese Han adolescents with different nutritional statuses. MethodIn all, 8457 Han adolescents were selected by random case method, and were conducted mental sub-health test by Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA). ResultDetection rates of mental sub-health state among Chinese junior high school students with wasting, normal weight, overweight and obesity were 25.9%, 22.2%, 25.3% and 30.7%, and the detection rates of mental sub-health symptoms were 35.1%, 35.9%, 37.5% and 39.0% respectively. Detection rates of mental sub-health state among senior high school students were 20.5%, 17.7%, 22.8% and 21.8%, and the detection rates of mental sub-health symptoms were 34.7%, 31.4%, 31.1% and 42.3% respectively, and the comparison between different groups has statistical significance. ConclusionObesity group has the most obvious mental sub-health, and then the overweight, wasting and normal weight group in sequence.

Eating pattern and psychological symptoms: A cross-sectional study based on a national large sample of Chinese adolescents

BackgroundPrevious studies showed inconsistent results of the relationship between eating patterns and mental health in adolescents, and little is known in Chinese adolescents. MethodsA multi-center population-based survey was conducted in 32 schools in 4 provinces across China. A total of 14,500 adolescents at grade 7–12 completed eligible questionnaires. Emotional, conduct and social adaptation problems were assessed using Multi-dimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA), while eating pattern was collected using the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ). ResultsFour principal components were obtained, including healthy, meat, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and fast foods patterns. The healthy pattern associated with lower risk of psychological symptoms (adjusted odds ratio (AORs) was 0.59, 0.60, 0.62, 0.53, respectively, all p < 0.01). While the fast foods pattern (AOR was 2.16, 2.04, 1.84, 2.24, respectively, all p < 0.01), the SSBs pattern (AOR was 1.38, 1.34, 1.25, 1.56, respectively, all p < 0.01) and the meats pattern (AOR was 1.24, 1.15, 1.12, 1.28, respectively, all p < 0.05) significantly associated with higher risk of psychological symptoms. Dose-response relationships were observed in all eating patterns with psychological symptoms, except for meats pattern (p–trend < 0.01). LimitationsThe cross-sectional design limited the ability to infer causality. Meanwhile, it was difficult for estimating the eating quantity accurately by SQFFQ, and can only be assessed by the dietary pattern score. ConclusionsOur findings highlight the potential importance of eating pattern for mental health during adolescence.

Associations between problematic internet use and adolescents' physical and psychological symptoms: possible role of sleep quality.

To evaluate the associations between problematic Internet use (PIU) and physical and psychological symptoms among Chinese adolescents, and to investigate the possible role of sleep quality in this association. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted in 4 cities in China. The Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and demographic variables were used to measure adolescents' physical and psychological symptoms and sleep quality, respectively, in 13,723 students (aged 12-20 years). Problematic Internet use was assessed by the 20-item Young Internet Addiction Test. Logistic regressions were used to evaluate the effects of sleep quality and PIU on physical and psychological symptoms, and to identify the mediating effect of sleep quality in adolescents. Prevalence rates of PIU, physical symptoms, psychological symptoms, and poor sleep quality were 11.7%, 24.9%, 19.8%, and 26.7%, respectively. Poor sleep quality was found to be an independent risk factor for both physical and psychological symptoms. The effects of PIU on the 2 health outcomes were partially mediated by sleep quality. Problematic Internet use is becoming a significant public health issue among Chinese adolescents that requires urgent attention. Excessive Internet use may not only have direct adverse health consequences but also have indirect negative effects through sleep deprivation.

Psychopathological sub-healthy status as predictor on self-or unintentional injuries among Chinese adolescents: a school-based follow-up study

To investigate the association between psychological sub-healthy status and risks on injuries and related predictors among adolescents in China, in order to develop reasonable intervention programs. Adolescents were selected from middle schools and colleges in eight cities. Baseline status on sub-healthy that related to psycho-pathology was measured using the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA). Data on Self- or unintentional injuries were collected using a standardized injury surveillance questionnaire every 3 months, for three times (T0, T1, T2 and T3). A total of 12 113 students completed the study. Prevalence rates related to self-injury among boys and girls were 19.4% and 19.9%, respectively. The rates of having more than 4 types of self-injuries in boys and girls were 4.7% and 4.2%, respectively. Boys had a significantly higher unintentional injury rate than that of girls (62.2% vs. 57.3%). The differences in the rates of having more than 4 types of unintentional injury between boys (3.8%) and girls (3.4%) were also statistically significant. Rates on self- and unintentional-injuries increased in T1, T2 and T3 when the psychological symptoms had an increase. Data from Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the baseline psychological sub-healthy status was a predictive factor for higher risk of self- and unintentional-injuries at each of the follow-up waves. Sub-healthy status of psycho-pathology was associated with an increased risk on self- and unintentional injuries among adolescents. Integrative psycho-pathological and behavioral intervention programs might help in reducing the risk of injuries among the Chinese adolescents.

Problematic Internet use in Chinese adolescents and its relation to psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction

BackgroundProblematic Internet use (PIU) is a growing problem in Chinese adolescents. Little is known about associations of PIU with physical and psychological health. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of PIU and to test the relationships between PIU and psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction among adolescents in mainland China.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted comprising a large representative sample of 17 599 students in eight cities of China. PIU was assessed by the 20-item Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT). The Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents and the Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale were administered to obtain information on psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction. Demographics and Internet usage patterns were also collected. Logistic regression was used to assess the effects of PIU on psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction.ResultsApproximately 8.1% of subjects showed PIU. Adolescents with PIU were associated with males, high school students, urban, eastern and western areas, upper self-report family economy, service type mostly used for entertainment and relieving loneliness and more frequency of Internet use. Compared with normal Internet users, adolescents with PIU were more likely to suffer from psychosomatic symptoms (P < 0.001), including lack of physical energy (P < 0.001), physiological dysfunction (P < 0.001), weakened immunity (P < 0.001), emotional symptoms (P < 0.001), behavioural symptoms (P < 0.001) and social adaptation problems (P < 0.001). Adolescents with PIU had lower scores on total and all dimensions of life satisfaction (all P < 0.001). Adjusted for the demographic and Internet-related factors, there was positive significant relationship between PIU and psychosomatic symptoms, but negatively related to life satisfaction.ConclusionsPIU is common among Chinese students, and PIU was significantly associated with psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction. Effective measures are needed to prevent the spread of this problem and interventions to prevent the effects of PIU on psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction should be conducted as early as possible.