Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale Research Articles

Adolescents with asthma reported more peer victimization, more anger repression, and less anger expression

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the peer victimization and anger expression in adolescents with asthma. The relationship between asthma control and psychological features was also examined. Methods The study was a cross-sectional study with a healthy control group. The sample of the study was composed of 61 adolescents who were previously diagnosed by a physician with asthma of various intensities. Sixty adolescents with no chronic disorders were enrolled as the control group. Peer victimization was examined using the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS). The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) was used to assess anger expression styles. Emotional and behavioral symptoms of the adolescents were measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results Adolescents with asthma reported more peer victimization in the subscales of physical, social, verbal, attacks on property, and frightening in the MPVS; and having more problems in emotional, social, and peer relations areas in the SDQ (p < .001 for all subscales) compared to the control group. The results were similar between the groups regarding the conduct problems and hyperactive behaviors. The adolescents with asthma reported more anger repression and less anger expression than the control group (p < .001 for both subscales). Conclusions The results indicated that the adolescents with asthma were subjected to more peer victimization and experienced more difficulties in anger expression than the controls. Based on the findings of this study, we suggest that these psychological factors should be kept in mind during the management of asthma in adolescents.

Hubungan Bullying Dengan Kemampuan Sosial Pada Remaja Di SMK X Kota Bandung

Juvenile delinquency that is happening is bullying. In 2015, 84% of Indonesian students experienced difficulties in school. One of the problems of bullying is disrupt social abilities. In Bandung's X Vocational School, most of the adolescents claimed to have corrected bullying by their peers. This study aims to find the relationship of bullying with the social abilities of adolescents in X Vocational School in Bandung. This type of research uses descriptive research through cross-sectional research. The sample consisted of 83 students taken by purposive sampling technique. Data collection uses a Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale questionnaire for bullying variables and Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) for social ability variables. Data analysis was performed by non-parametric statistics using the Spearman Rank valuation method. Results: Research shows that most adolescents have high rates of bullying (88%) and most adolescents have moderate social abilities (56.6%). Statistical test results using the Spearman rank test (p-value = 0.023) with a value of r = 0.249. Conclusion: it can be concluded that there is a weak relationship between intimidation and social ability. Based on this, it is expected that for other parties, SMK X should pay more attention to develop adolescents through routine development activities by activating counseling.

Peer Victimization, School Connectedness, and Mental Well-Being among Adolescents

The objective of study was to explore relationship between peer victimization (PV), school connectedness (SC) and mental well-being (MWB) among adolescents. It also aimed to explore the differences based on gender and status of school across study variables. Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (Mynard &amp; Joseph, 2000), School Connectedness Scale (SCS) (Lohmeire &amp; Lee, 2011), and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (Stewart-Brown &amp; Janmohamed, 2008) were used to assess study variables. In first phase, initial review of instruments was carried out. Experts from field of psychology were approached and instruments were adapted as per Pakistani culture. In the second phase, data was collected from 400 school and college going adolescents with age ranging from 14 to 19 years (M = 16.16, SD = 1.86) through convenience sampling. It was found that PV and its subscales (i.e., Physical Victimization, Verbal Victimization, Social Manipulation, and Attack on Property) were negatively related with SC and MWB. Mediational analysis indicated that SC mediates the relationship between PV and MWB and accounts for an additional 8% variance. Nonsignificant differences were observed with reference to gender and status of school on PV and its subscales except for Social Manipulation where girls had higher scores than boys. Nonsignificant differences were also apparent on SC and MWB across gender and status of school. Across status of school, students from government schools had higher scores on social manipulation as compared to students from private schools. It can be inferred that peer victimization negatively affects mental well-being by lowering school connectedness.

Relationships between family functioning, parenting and peer victimization in adolescent depression: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE:Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescence is a prevalent mental health problem with a complex etiology and a rising incidence. The aim of the study investigated functioning of family, attitudes of parents, and peer victimization in adolescents with MDD and to compare those with healthy adolescents.METHODS:The study was designed as a multi-center, cross-sectional, case–control study. 98 adolescents diagnosed with MDD and 99 healthy controls were recruited for the study. Beck depression inventory, parental attitude research instrument (PARI) tool, family assessment device (FAD), and multidimensional peer victimization scale (MPVS) were applied to all participants. Descriptive, correlational, and bivariate group comparisons were used in analyses.RESULTS:The average ages of adolescents with MDD and control adolescents were 14.7 (S.D.=1.5) and 15.0 (S.D.=1.6) years, respectively. Females formed 74.5% of youth with MDD (vs. 70.3% of controls). The groups were similar in terms of socio-demographic features (all p>0.05). Adolescents with MDD had significantly elevated scores in FAD subscales except problem solving, PARI rejection of homemaking, marital conflict, and authoritarian subscales, and all MPVS subscales. Adolescents with MDD also displayed significant positive correlations between all MPVS subscales and FAD subscales except FAD problem-solving.CONCLUSION:This cross-sectional, multi-center study suggests that family dysfunction and peer victimization may be higher in youth with MDD. Although cross-sectional design precludes evaluation of causality, it may be prudent to evaluate family functions as well as peer victimization of depressed youth.

208 Peer Victimization and Perceived Burdens Among Suicidal Adolescents

To examine perceived burdens and a lack of social connectivity as potential mediators of the relationship between peer victimization and severity of suicide ideation, in a clinical setting of suicidal adolescents. Forty adolescents (33 girls, 31 Hispanic), ages 12-18, recruited from a pediatric emergency department and outpatient clinics in New York City following either suicide ideation (SI) or a suicide attempt (SA). Data were collected between November of 2018 and March of 2019 as part of an ongoing study. In this study, following questionnaires were administered. 1) Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale, which assessed for physical, social, verbal, and property victimization 2) Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, which measured perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belonging 3) Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire Jr., which assessed severity of suicidal thoughts, 4) Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents, which measured depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed via Pearson correlations. Correlational analyses indicated that verbal victimization - but, not other forms of victimization - was significantly associated with suicide ideation (r = .35, p < .05). Property-related (r = .32, p < .05) and physical victimization (r = .41, p < .01) - but, not verbal and social victimization - were significantly associated with perceived burdens. Peer victimization was not significantly associated with a lack of a feeling of belonging. Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with perceived burdens (r = .46, p < .01) and suicide ideation (r = .33, p < .05). Indirect effects were tested using the PROCESS procedure for SPSS. Neither perceived burdens nor a lack of belonging helped to explain the relationship between peer victimization and suicide ideation. This limited set of data suggests a relationship between physical and property-related peer-victimization and perceived burdens, and between verbal victimization and suicidal ideation. Assessments of suicidal adolescents should consider the role of peer victimization - particularly verbal victimization - in conferring a risk of suicidal ideation among youth presenting to clinical care.

Validation of a German-Language Version of the Multidimensional Offline and Online Peer Victimization Scale (MOOPV) in Adolescent Students

Peer victimisation (PV) in childhood and adolescence can come along with psychological stress through the life span. Even though there exist a large number of questionnaires that measure PV, evidence of the use is often missing. Particularly instruments for capturing cyberbullying lack psychometric calculations such as factor analysis for investigating scales and data on validity and reliability. An exception constitutes the Multidimensional Offline and Online Peer Victimization Scale (MOOPV) of Sumter et al., which is only available in Dutch. This questionnaire is not medium-specifically designed, has been psychometrically properly explored, and differentiates between direct and indirect as well as online and offline PV. The present study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the German version of the Multidimensional Offline and Online Peer Victimization Scale (MOOPV). The factor structure, validity and reliability was examined in a sample of 777 pupils aged 10-20. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original four-factor model. The scales direct offline, indirect offline, direct online, and indirect online demonstrated high internal reliability and construct validity. The MOOPV can be used as a validated instrument in research and practice to capture PV in childhood and adolescence.

Epidemiological pattern of bullying using a multi-assessment approach: Results from the Bullying and Youth Mental Health Naples Study (BYMHNS)

Bullying is a widespread phenomenon that has captured attention from mental health researchers. Several studies have assessed bullying prevalence with some methodological concerns. Preliminary, we analyzed the psychometric properties of two bullying scales for victimization (the multidimensional peer victimization scale - MPVS) and for perpetration (the bully subscale of the Illinois bully scale - IBS-B); then, we estimated bullying prevalence; finally, we evaluated the effect of gender and classroom on the phenomenon. 2959 students from the metropolitan city of Naples constituted the sample. Data collection was obtained using a multi-assessment approach that included both single-item questions and intensity scales in order to compare the two methods. The two scales resulted valid and showed good reliability. The MPVS displayed a 1-factor second order model. The IBS-B had a mono-factorial structure. Both showed full invariance for gender and classroom. Prevalence of victimization was 37% whereas that for perpetration was 21%. As expected we obtained several bullying prevalence results depending on the specificity of questions and in particular repetitiveness of episodes. There was a good correspondence between results of single-item questions and multi-item scales. Finally results demonstrated several differences for gender and classroom attended. In this epidemiological study the multi-assessment approach identified different but complementary features of bullying phenomena. The use of the two measurement approaches allowed us to obtain more precise and exhaustive information on bullying prevalence and compare it with previous findings.

Peer Victimization among School Children

In present scenario victimization has become a matter of great concern in schools. In this paper researcher will discuss about peer victimization among children which can be defined as children experiencing spiritual, physical, or property damage from a person or group in a aggressive and unfriendly environment. Peer victimization associated with many types of adjustment difficulties. Students who are constant victims of school bullying often rejected by their peers and they feel depressed, anxious, and lonely. Thus the aim of the present study was to assess the peer victimization among school children. The present study was undertaken on 1070 children (570 rural and 500 urban) of secondary and senior secondary schools of Hisar district of Haryana state. The study was conducted with all children enrolled in classes 6th to 10th from six selected schools (three schools from urban area and three schools from rural area i.e. Ladwa). Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale was used to assess the victimization among school children. Children were personally interviewed about their victimization behaviour. Frequency, percentages and Chi-square test were used to analyse the data. The results of the study highlighted that there was no association between peer victimization and ruralurban setting but among boys and girls there was association between sex of child and peer victimization and found to be significant. Further, results depicted that majority of children were mildly victimized. Percentage of boys was greater in moderate and severe peer victimization behaviour as compared to girls.

The multidimensional peer victimization scale: A systematic review

Developing bullying interventions and testing their success depends on the valid and reliable measurement of peer victimization. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS, Mynard & Joseph, 2000). This systematic review examined 34 published studies demonstrating that the MPVS is a reliable, valid, and psychometrically sound measure for capturing multiple facets of peer victimization across a variety of samples. Results also highlighted that there are relatively stable sex differences in the rates and pattern of peer victimization, with males experiencing more direct forms of victimization and females experiencing more indirect forms of victimization. Recommendations for further research are discussed, alongside new ways to further advance the assessment of peer victimization.

The examination of authoritarian parenting styles, specific forms of peer-victimization, and reactive aggression in Hong Kong Youth

This study utilized a hierarchical regression model to explore the relationship between reactive aggression, forms of peer victimization, and authoritarian parenting styles. Participants included 1,021 Hong Kong youth and their parents ( N = 1,021), drawn from ten primary schools throughout the municipality. Children completed the Reactive and Proactive Aggression Questionnaire and the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale, while parents completed the Parental Styles Dimensions Questionnaire. Results indicated that authoritarian parenting, parental use of verbal hostility, verbal victimization by peers, social manipulation, and attacks on property by peers, all significantly contributed to the variance in reactive aggression. Conversely, physical attacks by peers, physical coercion by parents, and non-reasoning parenting styles were not found to significantly contribute to the regression model. Additionally, gender was found to predict reactive aggression with boys reporting higher scores than girls. The implications of these findings for future research, as well as the limitations of this study are discussed.

Confirmatory factor structure and psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale.

The Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS; Mynard & Joseph, 2000) is a 16-item self-report scale that captures peer victimization across four dimensions: physical victimization, verbal victimization, social manipulation, and attacks on property. Performance of the scale has not been evaluated among older adolescents. We examined the factor structure, internal consistency reliability, and performance of the scale in two separate epidemiological U.S. samples representing different age groups: 9-14 year olds (N=610) and 15-17 year olds (N=524). The four-factor structure of the scale was affirmed in both samples, however; there was not metric invariance by gender in the younger age group. The scale and its subscales were found to have good internal consistency. Expected relationships between the MPVS and measures of irritability, anxiety, and depression were affirmed. Results support continued use of the MPVS among child and adolescent samples.

Children's peer violence perpetration and victimization: Prevalence and associated factors among school children in Afghanistan.

BackgroundChild peer violence is a global problem and seriously impacts children’s physical and psychological health, and their education outcomes. There are few research studies on children’s peer violence available in South Asian countries, particularly in Afghanistan. This paper describes the prevalence of children’s peer violence perpetration and victimization and associated factors among school children in Afghanistan.MethodsA total of 770 children were recruited into a baseline study conducted as part of an intervention evaluation in 11 schools (seven girls’ and four boys’ schools). All children were interviewed with a questionnaire developed for the study. The main outcome is a three-level peer violence variable consisting of (a) no violence, (b) victimization only, or (c) perpetration (with or without victimization). Peer violence victimization was measured through the Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale, and peer violence perpetration was measured through an adjusted version of the same scale with wording changed to measure perpetration.Results49.7% of boys and 43.3% of girls reported having experienced more than one instance of violence victimization in the past month, and 31.7% of boys and 17.6% of girls disclosed perpetration of more than one instance of violence in the past month, with considerable overlap found between experience of victimization and perpetration, particularly among boys. Multinomial models of factors associated with peer violence show that for boys, food insecurity was associated with perpetration of peer violence but not with victimization, and experiencing corporal punishment at school in the last month was significantly associated with both peer victimization and perpetration. For girls, food insecurity, more depressive symptoms and experiencing any beating at home were associated with both violence victimization and perpetration. Having a disability was associated with victimization only, and having witnessed their father fighting and experiencing any kind of corporal punishment were associated with peer violence perpetration only.DiscussionPeer violence in Afghanistan is linked to food insecurity, exposure of children to witnessing family violence, and children’s experience of physical violence at home and corporal punishment at school. School-based settings provide an important platform for interventions to reduce and prevent peer violence; however, such interventions may benefit from broader violence-prevention initiatives conducted at the community level.

Concurrent and Longitudinal Contribution of Exposure to Bullying in Childhood to Mental Health

ImportanceExposure to bullying is associated with poor mental health. However, the degree to which observed associations reflect direct detrimental contributions of exposure to bullying to mental health remains uncertain, as noncausal relationships may arise from genetic and environmental confounding (eg, preexisting vulnerabilities). Determining to what extent exposure to bullying contributes to mental health is an important concern, with implications for primary and secondary interventions.ObjectiveTo characterize the concurrent and longitudinal contribution of exposure to bullying to mental health in childhood and adolescence using a twin differences design to strengthen causal inference.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsParticipants were drawn from the Twins Early Development Study, a population-based cohort recruited from population records of births in England and Wales between January 1, 1994, and December 31, 1996. Data collection took place when the participants were between 11 and 16 years of age from December 1, 2005, to January 31, 2013. Data analysis was conducted from January 1, 2016, to June 20, 2017.ExposuresParticipants completed the Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale at 11 and 14 years of age.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMental health assessments at 11 and 16 years of age included anxiety, depression, hyperactivity and impulsivity, inattention, conduct problems, and psychotic-like experiences (eg, paranoid thoughts or cognitive disorganization).ResultsThe 11 108 twins included in the final sample (5894 girls and 5214 boys) were a mean age of 11.3 years at the first assessment and 16.3 years at the last assessment. The most stringent twin differences estimates (monozygotic) were consistent with causal contribution of exposure to bullying at 11 years to concurrent anxiety, depression, hyperactivity and impulsivity, inattention, and conduct problems. Effects decreased over time; that is, substantial concurrent contributions to anxiety (β = 0.27; 95% CI, 0.22-0.33) persisted for 2 years (β = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.04-0.20) but not 5 years. Direct contributions to paranoid thoughts and cognitive disorganization persisted for 5 years.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study is the largest to date to characterize the contribution of exposure to bullying in childhood to mental health using a twin differences design and multi-informant, multiscale data. Stringent evidence of the direct detrimental contribution of exposure to bullying in childhood to mental health is provided. Findings also suggest that childhood exposure to bullying may partly be viewed as a symptom of preexisting vulnerabilities. Finally, the dissipation of effects over time for many outcomes highlights the potential for resilience in children who were bullied. In addition to programs that aim to reduce exposure to bullying, interventions may benefit from addressing preexisting vulnerabilities and focus on resilience.

A Study of Emotional Intelligence, Experienced Bullying and Psychological Well-Being among Secondary School Students from Boarding Schools

The research was conducted to study the differences between male and female Secondary school students on the aspects of emotional intelligence, psychological Well-being and experienced bullying from boarding schools. The sample was collected from two boarding schools. The sample size was 84, with 47 male students and 37 female students .The students selected had studied in the particular school for a minimum period of three years. The tools selected for data collection were Emotional Intelligence Test by Ekta Sharma, Psychological well-being index by Harold Dupuy and Multidimensional peer victimization scale by Stephen Joseph. The scores for central tendency were obtained by calculating mean, SD, skewness and kurtosis. The scores were not normally distributed. No significant gender differences were observed. Emotional intelligence was found to be positively correlated with psychological well-being and Experienced Bullying was found to be negatively correlated with well-being.

Attachment, Aggression and Victimization among Adolescents

The objective of the present study is to determine if there is a relationship between attachment, proactive–reactive aggression and peer victimization among middle (aged between 13-15 years) and late adolescent (aged between 16-18 years) boys and girls. A non-probabilitypurposive sampling method was used to select asample (N=195) from different schools in Hyderabad. The Inventory of Parent Peer Attachment (Armsden& Greenberg, 1987), Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (Dodge &Coie, 1987) and Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (Mynard& Joseph, 2000) were administered to measure attachment, aggression and victimization respectively. Significant gender differences were found in adolescents with respect to the dimensions of aggression and victimization (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were found in the developmental stage with respect to attachment, aggression and victimization. The study also found significant correlations between peer attachment, aggression and victimization (p<0.05).This study highlights the importance of helping adolescents increase their capabilities of adjusting emotions to a desired state and level of intensity and encourage them to engage in strategies to regulate negative emotions.

More than Just a Meal: Breakfast Club Attendance and Children's Social Relationships.

The health benefits of school food have been widely promoted in recent years while the social opportunities that surround eating occasions at school have received little attention. Breakfast clubs (BCs), which take place at the start of the school day, offer a unique opportunity for children to consume a breakfast meal on their school premises in the company of their peers. Alternatively, after-school clubs (ASCs), which take place on school premises at the end of the school day, whilst also providing children with social opportunities tend to focus on sports engagement and skill development. The aim of the current paper is to investigate whether attendance at BCs and ASCs has an impact on children’s friendship quality and experiences of peer victimization. BC attendees, ASC attendees, and non-attendees completed the Friendship Qualities Scale and the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS) at two time points. Time-1 data were collected 2 months after the introduction of school clubs. Time-2 data were then collected on the same measures again 6 months later. Results of the analyses of Time-1 data showed no significant differences between groups on any of the measures at Time-1. However, at Time-2, BC attendees showed improved levels of friendship quality compared to the other two groups. Moreover, analysis of the MPVS data at Time-2 showed that children who attended BC or ASC experienced a decline in victimization across time. The current findings suggest that BC attendance facilitates the quality of children’s relationships with their best friend over time. Additionally, attendance at a breakfast or ASC was associated with a reduction in victimization over time. The results have implications for utilization of breakfast and ASCs to aid children’s social relationships in school over time.

Development of the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale–Revised (MPVS-R) and the Multidimensional Peer Bullying Scale (MPVS-RB)

ABSTRACTPeer victimization is a frequent occurrence for many adolescents; however, some of the psychometric properties of self-report scales assessing these experiences remain unclear. Furthermore, with an increase in access to technology, electronic aggression should also be considered. The authors examined the psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS; Mynard & Joseph, 2000), and developed versions to include the assessment of electronic aggression according to whether the adolescent was the target or perpetrator of peer victimization. A total of 371 (191 girls and 180 boys; Mage = 13 years 4 months, SDage = 1 year 2 months) adolescents in the United Kingdom completed the MPVS including five newly developed items assessing electronic aggression, a version of the MPVS designed to assess victimization perpetration, and a measure of self-esteem. Confirmatory factor analyses yielded a five-factor structure comprising: Physical, social manipulation, verbal, attacks on property, and electronic for both scales. Convergent validity was established through negative associations between the victimization scales and self-esteem. Sex differences also emerged. One revised scale and one new scale are subsequently proposed: The MPVS–Revised and the Multidimensional Peer Bullying Scale.

Demographic Determinants of Students Susceptibility to Peer Victimization in Secondary Schools in Osun State, Nigeria

This study examined age, sex, class and religion as determinants of students’ susceptibility to peer victimization. Onethousand five hundred students from 10 public secondary schools were selected by stratified sampling techniqueusing class level as strata. A validated multi-dimensional peer victimization scale (MPVS) was used to collect datafor the study. Results showed that students in the age range 13-14years were more susceptible to peer victimization,there was a significant influence ofage on students’ susceptibility to peer victimization (Fc2, 1428=7.45; p<0.05).Itwas revealed that there was difference in the male and female susceptibility to peer victimization (df =1429; t= 4.72;p<0.05). It was also found that class level has significant influence on students’ susceptibility to peer victimizationwith more peer victimization at junior level (Fc2, 1428=6.95; p 0.05).Based on religion, it was found that there is asignificant influence of religion on students’ susceptibility to peer victimization (Fc2, 1412=33.47; p< 0.05) itshowed that there was a significant difference in students’ susceptibility to peer victimization based on religion.Implications for counselling support services and counsellor in schools for both at-risk (vulnerable) students and theschool authority are discussed.

Dimensions of Bullying Among Secondary School Students in Ekiti State, Nigeria

Bullying has been considered a problem that has come to stay among students especially at secondary school level, and when the word bullying is mentioned, what comes to mind is physical aggression among boys. The study has been able to assess bullying from different dimensions by employing Multi-dimensional Peer-victimization scale (MPVS). 561 secondary school students drawn from three schools comprising of one boys only, one girls only and one mixed school consisting of boys and girls, making a total of 300 boys and 261 girls, all in Ekiti State, Nigeria were involved. The result of the study reveals that female students (Mean = 15.01) score significantly higher in bullying than male students (Mean = 12.21); in verbal victimization (mean Female = 4.32, Male = 3.64), attack on property (mean Female = 4.42, Male = 3.52), and social manipulation (mean Female = 4.01, Male = 2.61). There is no significant difference between male and female students in physical victimization.

Types and Prevalence of Peer Victimization among Secondary School Students in Osun State, Nigeria: Implications for Counselling

The study inve stigated the types and prevalence of peer victimization among secondary school students in Osun State. This was with a view to improving peer relationships among secondary school students. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population for the study consisted of junior secondary school students in Osun State. Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale was used to elicit information on the types and prevalence of peer victimization. The result showed that four types of peer victimization were experienced by the students and there was high prevalence of peer victimization among school going adolescent. These types were widespread among secondary school students. The study therefore concluded that peer victimization was a recurring problem among secondary school students and could be reduced through appropriate counseling of students. The implications of the findings to counseling services were discussed.