Multidimensional Effects Research Articles

Palliative and End-of-Life Care in Stroke: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

To provide an update on palliative care needs specific to stroke and provide key points for clinicians and health care systems caring for patients with stroke and their families. Members of the writing group were chosen to represent the multidisciplinary team of professionals who care for people who have had a stroke. Each member was assigned a topic within their area of expertise, reviewed the literature, and drafted content with a focus on the past decade to complement the 2014 American Heart Association scientific statement on palliative and end-of-life care in stroke. Stroke has multidimensional effects on patients and their families because of threats to personhood, prognostic uncertainty, and the need to adapt to functional changes after stroke. Palliative care has evolved as both a specialty and a skillset with a goal to improve communication about goals of care and quality of life for patients and their families that emphasizes a holistic, all-person approach. After stroke, palliative care needs (eg, to address pain and physical, emotional, psychosocial, and spiritual distress) are insufficiently addressed by current models of care. Integrating palliative care principles is fundamental in all stages of stroke and should include strategies to improve communication about prognosis and goals of care, address psychosocial needs such as coping with loss, navigating complex health care systems, and preparing for death when necessary. We also review strategies to address the substantial inequities that exist across sociodemographic and regional strata in the use of life-sustaining treatment and access to specialists in stroke or palliative care. Palliative care needs are common after stroke and should be addressed throughout the illness continuum. Research is urgently needed.

The Role of Green Taxation Governance in China: A Review of the Development and Impacts of Environmental Protection Tax

The initiatives from China’s “ecological civilisation construction” to “promoting the modernisation of harmonious coexistence between man and nature”, and then to the dual-carbon goal of “carbon peaking – carbon neutrality”, highlight China’s firm determination to promote green development further. On January 1, 2018, the Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China was officially implemented as the first new green tax focused on environmental governance in China. This marks the formal entry of China’s environmental protection into the tax era and the establishment of a green tax system with environmental protection tax (EPT) as the core. By a comprehensive review of the development, multi-dimensional effects and tax optimisation paths of China’s EPT, this paper hopes to provide an important reference for government departments to improve the construction of the green tax system, for enterprises to enhance their green governance capabilities, and for scholars to extend the study of the green tax system.

A Study on the Role of Dance Training in Enhancing Models' Physique and Performance

Dance training is increasingly widely used in the modeling industry, which not only helps to shape an elegant body, but also significantly improves the model's performance ability. This study aims to deeply explore the multidimensional effects of dance training on models' physique and performance, and proposes specific and effective training measures by analyzing the enhancement of basic steps, posture correction, muscle strength, expressiveness, stage performance, creativity and innovation. The results of the study show that dance training can significantly improve models' body lines, correct poor posture, and enhance muscle strength, as well as improve their expressiveness, stage confidence, and creativity. These enhancements not only provide a solid foundation for the career development of individual models, but also inject new vitality into the healthy and sustainable development of the entire modeling industry.

Multidimensional effects of arable soil organic carbon distribution: a comparison among terrains

Multidimensional effects of arable soil organic carbon distribution: a comparison among terrains

Analyze the Multidimensional Impact of the Russo-Ukrainian War on the United States and Future War Trends in Terms of Energy, Industry, and Societal Breakdowns

The Russo-Ukrainian war has had significant and multidimensional effects on the United States, influencing energy security, industrial operations, and societal stability. This paper explores the ongoing disruptions in the energy sector, highlighting the accelerated shift toward renewable resources. The paper further analyzes how the coming disruptions will impact future trends in warfare, especially global energy security and the way modern society is structured. It also addresses the industrial impact, including supply chain challenges and the surge in U.S. defense spending. Societal impacts are examined, focusing on increasing economic inequality and political polarization as a result of war-induced inflation. The paper concludes by analyzing how these dimensions affect future war trends, especially in terms of energy dependence, industrial resilience, and social fragmentation. The analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of how global conflicts reverberate across multiple sectors in the U.S. as well as an assessment of future trends and recommendations for government responses and transformational thinking.

Effects of early marriage among women married before reaching 18 years old (qualitative study approach).

The consequences of early marriage have become a global concern for young women. The detrimental effects of early marriage disproportionately affect girls. Regarding its effects in poor nations like Ethiopia, there is a dearth of data. As a result, this study offers baseline, first-hand, and updated information for both the nation and the study area. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of early marriage on Guji women who were married before the age of 18. This qualitative study used a phenomenological approach and was carried out from January to April 2024. An in-depth interview technique was employed to collect the data. The interviews were conducted in the Oromo language. A purposive sampling technique was applied to choose the study participants. A total of 25 women who met the eligibility criteria were selected. A thematic data analysis approach was employed to analyze the data in this study. Three themes, 10 subthemes, and more than hundreds of codes were extracted after the interview data were analyzed. The main themes and subthemes of this study were as follows: 1-Precipitators of early marriage (abduction and arranged marriage); 2-Consequences of early marriage (emotional damage, moral damage, early marriage is a risk factor for maternal and child health, early marriage is a major cause for girls to drop out of school, poverty, gender-based violence and divorce, lack of essential life skills); and 3-Attitudes toward early marriage (early marriage is a harmful cultural practice; girls should be protected). The study's findings illustrated the multidimensional effect of early marriage, necessitating the involvement of numerous sectors and stakeholders. The community, religious leaders, the health, education, and legal sectors, as well as the parents of young girls, should all take an active role in delaying early marriage. This indicates the development of policies that permit cooperation amongst all relevant parties. Creating awareness among girls, families, and the community through community-based education is crucial. Early married women should participate in intervention programs to provide their experience to young girls. Women who are victims of early marriage must receive full support to mitigate its negative consequences.

A theoretical study on muoniated N-heterocyclic carbenes using path integral molecular dynamics.

Several N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are experimentally observed upon the addition of muonium (Mu), and the hyperfine coupling constants (HFCCs) of muon are measured. Theoretical investigation of Mu has been challenging due to significant quantum effects. Herein, we performed an abinitio path integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) simulation, which accurately considers multi-dimensional quantum effects, to theoretically investigate muoniated 1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazole-2-ylidene (Mu-IY). Our findings indicate that quantum effects have two contradictory contributions: the quantum effect of bond vibrations increases the HFCC values, whereas that of out-of-plane angular vibrations decreases the HFCC values. Moreover, we show that the HFCC values of other NHCs can be predicted without the PIMD simulations by applying the structural changes caused by the quantum effect derived from the PIMD simulations of Mu-IY.

Analysis of Phenomenon of Tianshui Malatang's Soaring Popularity from a Multimodal Perspective

Abstract: Contemporary communication studies show that short videos, as the most important form of information dissemination today, have a more multidimensional and immersive communication effect compared to traditional print media and other channels. Since this information medium inherently contains numerous social symbols with expressive characteristics, this paper will analyze the short videos that led to the viral phenomenon of "Tianshui malatang" based on Kress and Leeuwen's visual grammar and Halliday's theories of language as a social semiotic. This paper analyzes the phenomenon of the "Tianshui malatang" a fusion of regional tourism and local specially food that has gone virtual on Chinese short video platforms, using a multimodal discourse analysis approach. The analysis shows that the "Tianshui malatang" video enhances the sensory interaction between the viewer and the screen in terms of visual effects, and in terms of narrative expression, it leads the viewer to generate positive feedback on the video through the presentation of various elements.

Ending the obesity epidemic: multidimensional challenges and effectiveness analysis of increasing taxes on fast food

With the continuous development of society, fast food has become a daily choice in modern society due to its high convenience. However, its high-calorie, high-sugar, high-fat, and low-nutrient characteristics significantly increase the risk of obesity. According to statistics, over 2.5 billion adults worldwide are overweight, and fast food consumption is recognized as an important factor driving the rise in obesity rates. This article delves into the multidimensional impact of fast food consumption on the global obesity rate and the effectiveness and challenges of controlling obesity through increasing fast food taxes. These policies face many difficulties in implementation, such as economic penalties that make it challenging to change consumption habits completely and may exacerbate the burden on low-income groups. In addition, Denmark’s saturated fat tax practice has shown that although tax policies can bring specific results, they have also caused problems such as increased unemployment and cross-border shopping. The article points out that relying solely on raising taxes is challenging to solve the problem of obesity, and multiple factors need to be considered comprehensively. The convenience, addiction, and extensive advertising coverage of fast food make it difficult for consumers, predominantly low-income and adolescent groups, to resist its temptation. Therefore, the government, businesses, and consumers need to work together to address the challenge of obesity through comprehensive measures such as strengthening health education, promoting healthy eating habits, and improving food production and processing technologies. This article also emphasizes that although tax increase measures can, to some extent, guide consumers to reduce their fast food intake, their effectiveness is limited and may lead to social and economic inequality issues. In the future, more innovative and comprehensive strategies should be explored to address the global obesity epidemic effectively.

Measuring Multi-Dimensional Mobile Behavior Effect on Inclusive Finance: Evidence from China

Credit Invisible is one key area that many countries put much effort to solve in decades. According to the 2020 World Bank statistics, for example, there are over 500 million Chinese and 45 million American, classified as credit invisible who don’t have banking and finance history in bank or credit bureau, making them difficult to borrow money from financial institution. Previous studies adopted different non-financial information to evaluate one’s credit worthiness and status to address this issue. However, they provide little information about how real mobile user interactions can be used to solve this issue in inclusive finance. This paper proposes a novel data generative framework to fusion APP data, call detail record data and SMS data with a total of 4,689 attributes derived from a large-scale mobile dataset. We then construct a unique set of mobile behavior-driven credit risk factors based on statistical diversity, intensity, consistency, and regularity of mobile user behavior characterizing user preferences, attitudes, geolocation, and temporal patterns. Empirical analysis demonstrates that the newly discovered mobile behavior factors are useful as new inputs for credit scoring and proves the factors representing new source of positive and negative credit information. Decision tree analysis and Quantile regression are conducted to validate effect of these factors to credit default. It facilitates credit assessment based on non-financial data for the credit invisible people, which promoting inclusive finance to larger community in society. We also analyze implications of mobile user characterization findings in relation to credit default which helps decision makers to optimize credit policy and product design.

The Harm of Nature and the Light of Man: Philosophical and Theological Reflections on Gratitude and Growth from Disaster

This article explores in depth the multiple implications of natural disasters, especially in the context of scientific progress, human solidarity, and theology. Firstly, this paper reviews the catastrophic impact of Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and discusses the multi-dimensional effect of natural disasters on human society and its profound philosophical and theological significance. Despite the devastation and suffering caused by the disaster, Americans have shown a strong sense of gratitude. Then, from the dialectical point of view, the author analyzes the cosmological view of the coexistence of good and evil and emphasizes the positive role of natural disasters in promoting scientific and technological progress, promoting human unity, stimulating learning motivation, and demonstrating free will.Further, from the perspective of philosophy and theology, the paper expounds on the intrinsic value of pursuing knowledge and exercising natural disasters on free will. The learning process of natural laws deepens human understanding of the world. It strengthens human free will, making people more autonomous and independent in the face of good and evil choices.At the same time, from the theology perspective, this paper compares the different understandings of natural disasters and human suffering between atheism and theism. It reveals the respect for human autonomy and the essence of faith behind God’s non-intervention. In the end, the article concludes that natural disasters, while a source of suffering, are also catalysts for human growth and gratitude, encouraging us to look at disasters from a broader perspective and draw strength and wisdom from them.

Study on the Impact of Cultural Differences on Sino-US Business Negotiations under the Guidance of Cultural Dimensions Theory

The tide of economic globalization has led to an increase in the frequency of business negotiations between China and the United States, where cultural differences have emerged as a pivotal factor affecting the success or failure of negotiations. Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory provides an effective analytical framework for understanding and analyzing cultural differences. Guided by Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory, this paper delves into the impact of cultural differences on the objectives, language, risk-taking, and decision-making in Sino-US business negotiations. The aim is to uncover the intrinsic mechanisms of cultural differences and their multidimensional effects on negotiations, thereby offering strategic recommendations to facilitate the successful Sino-US business negotiations.

Research on the Impact of the Digital Transformation of Commercial Banks

The development of the digital economy has presented both opportunities and challenges for the transformation of commercial banks. This article aims to conduct a literature review on the impact of digital transformation on commercial banks and to explore the multi-dimensional effects it brings. Through a review and analysis of relevant domestic and international literature, this paper first defines the connotation of digital transformation in commercial banks. It then conducts a literature analysis and research on the strategic governance, business performance, and risk management aspects of the digital transformation of commercial banks from multiple perspectives. Based on the analysis of the existing literature, the paper explores directions for future in-depth research and offers corresponding policy suggestions, providing a theoretical and practical foundation for the future digital development of commercial banks.

Evaluation of protective potency of coconut oil-based probiotic against antibiotic-induced compromised gastrointestinal attributes and associated complications in Swiss albino mice

Background: Antibiotic-induced gastrointestinal toxicity is a major concern globally. The gut-organ axis has been explicitly studied, and hence, any damage to the gut ecosystem directly or indirectly manifests into compromised multi-organ functions. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore the protective potency of coconut oil-probiotic (C-PRO) against antibiotic-induced compromised gastrointestinal attributes and associated complications. Methods: Animals were divided into 5 groups (n=6). Normal saline was given to the control group; the antibiotic cocktail was given to the antibiotic group. In the treatment group, low and high doses of C-PRO were given post-antibiotic treatment. In the per se group, only a high dose of C-PRO was given. After 28 days, animals were studied for neurobehavioral parameters and scarified. Blood and organs were collected and stored for histopathological, immune histochemical, and biochemical analysis. Results: Antibiotic treatment reduced body weight, increased oxidative stress, and caused histopathological damage to the stomach, duodenum, colon, brain, heart, liver, lungs, kidney, spleen, and testis. It also altered biochemical parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), albumin, creatinine, urea, uric acid, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Additionally, Antibiotic exposure in mice exhibited depressive-like behaviour and declined cognitive function. The treatment with a low dose of C-PROs showed negligible protective effect, whereas a high dose of C-PRO effectively reversed the structural, biochemical, and neurobehavioral attributes toward normal. Conclusions: We conclude that the synergistic effect of coconut oil and probiotics, which have potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, might be responsible for multidimensional protective effects against compromised gastrointestinal attributes and associated complications.

Application of machine learning algorithms for predicting the life-long physiological effects of zinc oxide Micro/Nano particles on Carum copticum

Nanoparticles impose multidimensional effects on living cells that significantly vary among different studies. Machine learning (ML) methods are recommended to elucidate more consistence and predictable relations among the affected parameters. In this study, nine ML algorithms [Support-Vector Regression (SVR), Linear, Bagging, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Gaussian Process, Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC), Partial Least Squares (PLS), Kernel Ridge, and Random Forest] were applied to evaluate their efficiency in predicting the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs: 0.5, 1, 5, 25, and 125 µM) and microparticles (ZnO MPs: 1, 5, 25, and 125 µM) on Carum copticum. The plant root/shoot biomass; number of leaves, branches, umbellates, and flowers; protein content; reducing sugars; phenolic compounds; chlorophylls (a, b, Total); carotenoids; anthocyanins; H2O2; proline; malondialdehyde (MDA); tissue zinc content; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; and media ΔpH were measured and considered input variables. All levels of ZnO MPs treatments increased growth parameters compared to the control (ZnSO4). The highest shoot/root fresh and dry mass were recorded at 5 µM ZnO MPs compared with the control. The root fresh/dry mass under ZnO NPs treatments was more sensitive than shoot parameters. The number of flowers increased by 134 and 79% in MPs and NPs treatments compared to the control, respectively. ZnO NPs reduced protein content by up to 81% in 125 µM NPs compared to ZnSO4. Reducing sugar content increased to 25, 40 and 36% in 5, 25, 125 µM MPs and 67, 68, 26, 26 and 21% in 0.5, 1, 5, 25 and 125 µM NPs treatments, respectively. The pH alteration was more significant under NPs and affected zinc uptake. All levels of ZnO NPs treatments increased growth parameters compared to the control. All ML algorithms showed varied efficiencies in predicting the nonlinear relationships among parameters, with higher efficiency in predicting the behavior of root and shoot dry mass, root fresh weight and number of flowers according to R2 index. The model obtained from SVR with the radial basis function (RBF) kernel was selected as a comprehensive model for predicting and determining the efficacy of the results.

Bank loan maturity and corporate investment

This study analyzes bank loan maturity and corporate investment linkage by using novel firm-level data covering the universe of all incorporated firms in Türkiye over the last decade. The results of the panel regression model with multi-dimensional fixed effects reveal that loan maturity has a significant positive association with investment, indicating that longer debt maturity fosters corporate investment. The results reveal that the positive linkage between longer debt maturity and investment is more pronounced for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This is also the case for young firms and firms with high growth opportunities. Considering the evidence provided in the literature that bank lending conditions, including maturity structure, are highly cyclical and vulnerable to financial conditions and economic policy uncertainties, our findings highlight the importance of reducing the policy uncertainties as well as the importance of policies that make equity financing more attractive and deepen the capital markets.

Exploring the Multi-Dimensional Effects of ESG on Corporate Valuation: Insights into Investor Expectations, Risk Mitigation, and Long-Term Value Creation

This paper investigates the multifaceted mechanisms through which Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors influence corporate value. ESG performance, reflecting a company's adherence to sustainable practices, has become increasingly significant in contemporary business strategy due to its potential impact on firm profitability and market perception. While ESG initiatives are known to enhance corporate transparency and stakeholder trust, contributing positively to a companys reputation and operational efficiencies, they also present financial challenges by potentially elevating operational costs and impacting short-term financial performance. Utilizing a comprehensive review of existing literature and theoretical frameworks such as stakeholder theory, agency theory, and signaling theory, this study delineates the balance firms must achieve between fostering long-term strategic advantages and managing immediate financial implications. By analyzing empirical evidence and case studies across diverse industries, the paper elucidates how robust ESG practices can attract better investment, improve risk management, and secure sustained economic benefits. This research contributes to academic discussions on ESGs role in corporate value creation and offers practical insights for companies aiming to integrate these practices into their core strategies effectively. The findings highlight the importance of strategic ESG implementation and the necessity for firms to align these initiatives with broader corporate objectives to optimize both societal impact and shareholder value.

CBRec: A causal way balancing multidimensional attraction effect in POI recommendations

In the next Point-of-Interest recommendation, sparse and uneven location data generate biases, resulting in homogeneous recommendation outcomes that fail to reflect user preferences. Although there are many related unbiased studies, they still exhibit limitations. They lack a unified debiasing paradigm and typically employ different methods to address various biases, resulting in complex and incompatible debiasing models. Additionally, they often overlook the potential advantages of biases, thus harming the quality of location features. To address these challenges, we propose a unified debiasing paradigm by intervening in location attraction to balance the positive and negative effects of bias. By analyzing the structural causal graph, we identify attraction as a feature influenced by bias. By comparing observational results affected by attraction with counterfactual results unaffected by it, we derive a unified debiasing paradigm that eliminates the effects of bias. Additionally, through feature fusion, we embed multidimensional attraction into user features, leveraging the advantages of bias to preserve the quality of location features. Finally, experimental results on five real-world datasets demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms recent sequential recommendation models.

Revisiting Therapeutic Communication as an Evidence-Based Intervention to Decrease Violence by Patients Against Staff on Psychiatric Wards—A Quality Improvement Project

Background Violence against healthcare workers continues to be a widespread problem and adversely impacts both healthcare providers and consumers. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of a staff education and training program in therapeutic communications in decreasing violence by patients against staff in an acute inpatient behavioral hospital. Further, the project measured the effect of the training on the self-efficacy and knowledge level of the 15 recruited staff in the use of therapeutic communications, and its overall impact on the participants’ reaction, learning, behavior and observed results at the hospital. Methods This study used a pretest and posttest design. Results There was a decrease (73%) in violence incidents which correlated with the staff training and education sessions compared with violence occurrence incidents during the 12 weeks preceding the implementation. There was also a significant increase in the staff’s self-efficacy, {t(−11.4), df = 114, p < 0.001}, and knowledge level {t(−10.40), df = 14, p < 0.001)} in the use of therapeutic communications, and an overall positive impact on staff’s reaction, learning, behavior and observed effects as a result of the training program. Conclusion Staff training in effective therapeutic communications had a multidimensional effect, the most important was its effect on decreasing violence. These findings underscore the need to revisit and emphasize therapeutic communications in promoting a safety culture in behavioral health settings.

Assessing the multi-dimensional effects of air pollution on maternal complications and birth outcomes: A structural equation modeling approach

ObjectiveThis cross-sectional study aims to investigate the direct and indirect relationships between exposure to a metal mixture in air and adverse pregnancy outcomes across gestational stages. MethodsWith 46,829 births in 2021 in two Florida counties and Air Quality System data, structural equation modeling was used to construct latent metal mixtures in PM2.5 and unravel their effects on pregnancy complications (preeclampsia and gestational diabetes) and birth outcomes (low birth weight and preterm birth risks). ResultsA latent variable featuring seven metals (Aluminum, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Silicon, Vanadium) was identified through the measurement model. The latent metal mixture exposure had direct effects on gestational diabetes and preterm birth (1st trimester, 2nd trimester), low birth weight (1st trimester), and preeclampsia (2nd trimester). When considering total effects, the effects on low birth weight in the 1st trimester and on preeclampsia in 2nd trimester were masked, and the latent metal mixture increased the low-birth-weight risk in 2nd trimester by 2 % (OR = 1.02, 95 % CI = [1.00, 1.03]). ConclusionThis study reveals time-dependent associations between a metal mixture in PM2.5 exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes, highlights the need to address dust in PM2.5, and provides additional evidence for understanding the pathway of the pollution effects on fetal health.