Multicultural Life Research Articles

다문화 경험과 다문화교육 역량 간 관계에서 다문화 태도의 매개효과

The present study investigates the mediation effects of multicultural attitude on the paths from the two dimensions of multicultural experience (multicultural life experience and multicultural course-taking experience) and multicultural education competence. Ninety five preservice English teachers completed the Cross-Cultural Life Experience Checklist, Teacher Multicultural Attitude Survey, and Multicultural Education Competence Scale. Results revealed significant mediation effects of multicultural attitude on the paths from multicultural life experience to multicultural education competence (overall level, awareness, and skill). On the contrary, no significant mediation effects of multicultural attitude were found on the paths from multicultural course-taking experience to multicultural education competence. They further suggested that despite having no significant effect on multicultural attitude, multicultural course-taking experience has significant effects on multicultural education competence (overall level, knowledge, and skill). Pedagogical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

The relationship between anomia and maladaptive personality traits

Research of anomia is topical in the period when a society endures social and economic changes. On the other hand, the modern Western society is characterized by a rapid speed of development, by diversity, variability, multicultural life. In such conditions for some individuals it could be difficult to make life choices. Such individuals can get into “an anomic state”. In a situation of rapid social and political changes as well as simply in the modern diverse and rapidly developing society pathological personality traits can serve as a factor that aggravates anomic feelings. Thus, the main purpose of this research is to investigate relations between anomia and pathological personality traits. The sample consisted of 83 Latvian inhabitants aged from 19 to 47 years (16.9 % males, 83.1 % females). The Anomia Questionnaire – AQ [1] and the Latvian Clinical Personality Inventory – LCPI v2.2 [2] were used. It is found that there are multiple relations between all six sub-dimensions of anomia and certain different maladaptive personality traits. Irresponsibility is the only personality trait that predicts deviation from prescribed rules or customs. Negative emotionality is the only significant predictor for social distrust. Suspiciousness that falls within a first-order domain Psychoticism and a second-order domain Schizotypy is the most significant predictor of estrangement to others as a dimension of anomia. Eccentricity that falls within a first-order domain Psychoticism and a second-order domain Schizotypy is the most significant predictor of cultural isolation. Separation insecurity that falls within a first-order domain Dependence and a second-order domain Neuroticism is the most significant predictor of a lack of goal clarity as a dimension of anomia. Depression as a pathological personality trait that falls within a first-order domain Negative emotionality and a second-order domain Neuroticism is the most significant predictor of a lack of goal clarity as a dimension of anomia.

The Contribution of Sufi Tradition to Multicultural Living

Sufism, as a discipline investigating the spiritual dimension of Islamic belief, focuses on the attitudes and behaviors which are necessary for the spiritual development of the individual. Because the individual possesses the spiritual character, sufi individual ensures the development of spiritual dimension of the religion, which contributes to a deep understanding of human dimensions. When considered from this point of view, Sufi life contributes to multiculturalism with respect to coexistence of with varied cultures which is emphasized today. Since the obligation of people has in different beliefs and cultures to live together, it is a necessity to determine the basic principles of co-existence culture. Mutual respect, understanding and especially understanding the thoughts of individuals who are different from our own beliefs and culture, and sensation of their shared perception with us is an essential condition for living together. From this perspective, it is possible to say that the Sufi way of life, developing notion by centering on the human and its tendencies, contributes to the multicultural life.

MIGRATION FACT FROM PERSPECTIVE OF TURKISH PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS AND ITS EFFECT ON EDUCATION

Migration can be regarded as a social phenomenon by changing the policies of social life and countries. Both the whole world and Turkey act as a scene for diverse and intense migration mobility in recent years Escape way of economy, changes in political and social life, readjustment of borders in Eastern Europe and developments in Middle East have accelerated individual and massive migration movements. It is clear that the immigration phenomenon and its multicultural life and effects will continue to transform for many years. It is important to determine the migration perceptions of prospective teachers who will prepare generations for such an age of transformation. The aim of the study is to examine migration fact and effects of migration on education from prospective teachers’ points of view. To answer the main statement of the research , two sub-questions were formed. 1) With which metaphors migration fact is explained by prospective teachers? Which categories can be formed in terms of common features of metaphors revealed by prospective teachers? 2)What are opinions of prospective teachers on effects of migration fact on educational system? In this research phenomenologic pattern method was used. The prospective teachers were asked a metaphor question in parallel with research questions and an open-ended question. The data was decoded by content analysis method. 152 prospective teachers participated into the study. As a r esult, categories of “new life”, “psychological dimension”, “socio-cultural dimension”, “child and woman abuse”, “tragedies experienced during migration”, “migration geography” and “economic dimension” were formed from the metaphors produced relating to migration fact by the prospective teachers. The prospective teachers produced both positive and negative metaphors, however most of metaphors were negative. Categories of “education programs”, “future of education”, “social-emotional education for social agreement” and “school structures and management relationship” were formed based on opinions of the prospective teachers relating to the effects of migration fact on Turkish educational system Article visualizations:

Geçmişten günümüze “sosyal adalet”

Discussions of the meaning of justice has continued to the present day, dominated by the thought of living together and we have called that a “society” since the process of the emergence of rational order by dressing up different meanings. On this concept which is in the agenda of philosophy and political theorists studies have been done throughout history. So the issue was constantly discussed that how it should be fair social order. Especially, due to globalization the binding location for anyone, it has become difficult to determine the principles of social justice. In this study, what are the main issues the focus of ongoing discussions justice from the past up to the present? How accurate is to evaluate justice concept only as a legal concept? What are the changes of concept of social justice in the chronological process? Is it possible to imagine a society, intercultural transition easier, a world order in which multicultural life spread, who legally binding for everyone and every individual is provided with equal rights, in which the domination of the principles of social justice? will discuss in the context of the above questions issues which related to the concepts of justice and social justice, theorists of justice who from Yusuf Has Hacib to David Miller. Our study is formed by the literature review method. Discussions will be evaluated in a systematic axis. In this study, it is intented to create a systematic information reservoir and to provide a perspective for researchers interested in the subject for justice.

Menanamkan Konsep Multikulturalisme di Indonesia

Diversity is one of the patterns of social life, and this can not be avoided. Indonesia as a pluralistic country requires a value system that can make this into a unique diversity if managed well, but if not it is a big challenge given will cause a problems such as social conflict, conflict horizontal and national disintegration. Ideology of Pancasila as the nation has not been able to realize a multicultural life, so that the necessary education multiculturalism so that the values contained in Pancasila and "Bhineka Tunggal Ika" can be realized.

Local Genius in the Rural Area of Bali: from ‘Menyama-Braya’ to Multiculturalism

The multicultural life in the rural area of Bali has been the local genius which has become into existence from century to century. There is a cultural exchange and absorption in various activities of life involving heterogeneous societies. The collaborative and associative relations have involved different ethnic groups. This present study is intended to reveal why such good collaborative and associative relations have taken place among different ethnic groups. This present study was conducted using the descriptive qualitative method. The data were taken through an in-depth interview. The information which needed to be further explored was obtained using the interpretative approach. The result of the study shows that everything was good with the multicultural life. The new arrivals adapted themselves to the traditional or local value (local genius); they developed brotherhood and its derived values such as ‘ngejot’ (giving one another the foods particularly prepared for their respective feast days), ‘medelokan’ (visiting one another when someone is deceased or perform a religious ritual), and so forth. The result of the study also shows that the multicultural life which was shown through the traditional channels (local genius) had taken place since a long time ago. The new arrivals adapted and adjusted themselves to the local tradition such as brotherhood ‘menyama braya’ and its derived values

Situating Cultural Identities in Globalizing Multiculturalism

Globalization as an ever-increasing force of exponential invisible effect has penetrated almost all spheres of our life. It is not merely a physicality rather it has evolved into an intelligent life with its own self-perpetuating rationale. Like several things others, it, too, has extrapolated its purported purposes. Globalization in recent past has added to vectors of multicultural life across globe and accentuated concerns for identities. The interactive irresistibility of cultural factors has greatly influenced debates whirling around identity issues and multiculturalism.

Community interpreting services by marriage migrants for marriage migrants in South Korea

This paper deals with community interpreting services for migrant women in South Korea. The number of migrant women in South Korea has increased dramatically in recent decades. Faced with demographic changes in the wake of the influx of marriage migrants, the South Korean government has implemented policies to support marriage migrants’ early settlement and adjustment to life in South Korea, and the related public services have expanded to support multicultural family life and child education. Interpreting and translation services have played a crucial role in the delivery of such migrant support programmes. The services have been provided by migrant women who have successfully settled in South Korea. The services, which are funded largely by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family and partly by local governments, serve the dual purposes of providing employment to migrant women and providing language assistance to migrants and multicultural families. This paper first provides an overview of interpreting and translation services provided by the Multicultural Family Support Centres, then, based on interviews with 23 interpreters and 10 supervisors at the Multicultural Family Support Centres, discusses how it has empowered marriage migrants and what needs to be done to further their career development.

İmam Mâtürîdî’’ye Göre Müslümanlar ile Ehl-i Kitap Arasındaki Beşerî ve Sosyo-kültürel İlişkilerin Dinî Temelelleri

The new facilities of the global world have tremendously accelerated mutual interaction among the people from different religious and cultural circles compared to the past. In a sense, the current status has forced them to live in coexistence rather than homogenous society. Therefore, this status drove them into understand each other better and enhance to some principles of coexistence. Each group struggled to improve a new discourse benefiting from their experiences in the past with respect to the new situation. In this process, especially the creators’ multicultural life, Muslim societies have a critical importance. It is considered that understanding better of the aspect of Imam Mâturidi (he is the pioneer of Mâturidism in the tradition of Islamic sciences) in his multicultural society makes a great contribution to the aforementioned struggle. The issue is confined to his opinions about Ahl al-Kitab and tried to give an overview of his approach.

NUR İÇÖZÜ NÜN "ENA MENA DOSİ" KİTABINDA KÜLTÜRLERARASILIK

Interculturalism is one of the fundamental issues of our time. Characteristic of modern society is the coexistence of people from different cultures. Conflicts and problems caused by these coexistence constitute the agenda of both national and international politics. Interculturalism is a concept that encompasses the whole of the communication and interaction between different cultures. If there is a multi/intercultural structure in a society this structure is reflected in the literature and to a lesser extent in children’s literature. Nur Icozu’s book “Ena Mena Dosi” reflects the multicultural structure of the society and intercultural relationships. “Dun: Ben de cocuktum” (Yesterday: I Was Also Child) is the title of the first part of the book, that contains memoir-story texts about Multicultural life of Istanbul and neighborhood where people have different ethnic and religious identities live together in solidarity. From this aspect, “Ena Mena Dosi” offers a context which is suitable for intercultural reading. However the book has positive messages about interculturalism.

New Voices: On the Road Together: Multicultural Religious Life in Light of Luke 24:13-35

New Voices: On the Road Together: Multicultural Religious Life in Light of Luke 24:13-35

Beyond the Literal: Teaching Visual Literacy in the 21st Century Classroom

Visual imagery and composition inherently have the power to shape comprehension and interpretation beyond the literal. Today's students increasingly inundated with a steady stream of imagery from multimedia platforms including the Internet (i.e., social media – Facebook, Instagram, Twitter), television, film and advertisements (White, 2012) are global consumers of media in their everyday lives yet they often lack the skills necessary to move beyond passive receivers of visual media messages. Visual literacy is vital for 21st Century learners and those who teach. Classrooms can become spaces for students to effectively communicate in and contribute to analytical and global dialogue for discussions of race and diversity, multicultural life and history thus encouraging students to become active deconstructionists of visual grammar.

ALMANYA'DAKİ TÜRKLERİN KÜLTÜREL KİMLİĞİ

Culture is a process and action of formation engendered by the contribution of the synthesis of accomplishments and accumulations called "self' and "other". In this approach, culture is an expression of "local" and "universal" coming together and gaining a new content and form. The Turkish community in Germany is developing its identity in a "multi- factored, multi-layered and multi-directional" environment. Multi- culturality and alienship, in/exclusion and integration efforts for humanitarian reasons accompany the development process of cultural identity. Individual and societal identity get evident under the effect of the said factors that together condition the life. Besides exclusion, the tendencies of integration and of maintaining the difference are among the typical qualities of cultural identity. Thus, establishment o f a social environment that promotes the formation of a harmonious conscious on the basis offairness and participation, as well as pursuing a lifestyle by the both sides required by such a conscious are consequential. The humanitarian development of the cultural identity in multi-cultural life environments is mainly possible with members' avoidance from exalting "national origin, religion or sect" that they take as "self'. In this context, staying away from ethno-centric understandings and attitudes is one of the assurances of a peaceful and humanitarian coexistence. To promote such a humanitarian coexistence, some legislative regulations should be materialized and implemented by the German government like making dual citizenship possible or prevention of discrimination. Turks shouldfollow the same route. The Turkish community which has gained even more permanency in Germany is experiencing a social and educational differentiation within itself. This situation has its direct repercussions on the cultural identity. Besides this, contribution to scientific and artistic activities is on increase, and philosophical dimension is becoming more manifest. Under the light of the developments in question, Turks are becoming not a "cultural minority" but an inseparable component of the German society. Germans and Turks should develop a "common life design" taking the requirements of these realities and ofdemocratic social order into consideration, and activate it in cultural, political and social life.

The Prospects of Intercultural Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Throughout history, education has not only been a carrier of culture, but also an integral part of communication between different cultures. Challenges faced by educational and cultural institutions in most modern pluralistic societies are higher than in earlier societies. The legacy of ethnic conflict in the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in which traditional value of multicultural and multi-religious life was undermined, had immediate implications for social, cultural and educational policies. Educational policy, based on the assumption of a national culture that promotes national exclusivity through textbooks and educational practice, should overcome in recognition of cultural diversity and dialogue in a globalized world where differences should be considered an advantage and not deemed an obstacle to common life and cooperation. The paper highlights the importance of introducing interculturalism as an important component of the overall educational practice. Teaching the value of diversity, the affirmation of universal values that underlie a democratic society, a sense of responsibility to themselves and to each other, the rejection of exclusion and differentiation of others on any basis, solidarity and cooperation, are current issues of the modern pedagogical and sociological discourse. These concerns must receive a stronger affirmation and application in the educational process of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

“Happy Seoul for foreigners”: scenes from multicultural life in South Korea

Since the mid-2000s, multiculturalism has become a prominent buzzword in South Korea as the nation, which was founded on the myth of a single bloodline, tries to come to terms with its growing foreign population. This article looks at the figure of the industrial migrant worker who, despite being ignored by the mainstream media, has appeared in a handful of independently produced Korean films, including three—Bandhobi (2009), Hello, Stranger (2007), Where Is Ronny? (2008)—that will be discussed here in detail. These films, as I will show, not only provide an alternative perspective on immigrant life in Seoul and other parts of the country, which is more often than not represented through the privileged world of the Western “expat,” but also reveal the underlying tensions and contradictions in Korea's approach to multiculturalism as it tries to regulate diversity through the fiat of legislative policy while ignoring the moral and political choices confronting its citizens as they decide whether or not to befriend the other.

Multicultural carnivals and the politics of the spectacle in global Singapore

Carnivals have historically played an important role in the multicultural life of Singapore society. This article looks at multicultural carnivals that today play a key role in the transformation of Singapore into a “global city” and its attendant cultural politics. I invoke as my starting point Bakhtin's observation that formerly subversive carnivals have become mere spectacles. I analyze two carnivals that engage emergent racial-class fissures on the terrain of the Debord-ian spectacular. The first is the annual Racial Harmony Day carnival organized by the state in a model public housing town, which facilitates the integration of the concentrated and diffuse forms of the spectacle to suture the racial-class fissures with cosmopolitan interpellations and imaginations of the “global city.” The second is a two-month carnival organized by a group of artists to make visible an elided aspect of the fissures—low-wage foreign workers—to critically engage the new “global city” society of the spectacle.

Diversity, inequality and urban change

This introduction to the special issue ‘Diversity, inequality and urban change’ provides a brief historical overview of assimilative, politico-economic and multicultural approaches in the USA and Europe. It focuses on representations of diversity in cities and highlights processes of theory transference, which are often silenced in debates about city paradigms. It draws attention to how the cities discussed in the special issue (London, Berlin and southern European cities) can contribute to the relational framing of the migration experience and multicultural life.

Hawthorne's Ovidian Transformations

Nathaniel Hawthorne’s last completed romance was initially titled Transformation before it was published as The Marble Faun in America. This article explores the Ovidian implications of that title, both suggested and later rejected by Hawthorne. Ovid had made transformation synonymous with the creation of art, through stories such as Pygmalion’s sculpting of a statue that he then brings to life. Hawthorne wrote his own version of that story and adopted in general an Ovidian aesthetic: the artist is a ‘sculptor’ who shapes his materials, transforming reality into fiction. While writing The Marble Faun, however, Hawthorne encountered in Italy’s world of sculpture the reality behind his metaphor for fiction in ways that challenged his past assumptions. In Ovid’s Rome Hawthorne was troubled by marble statues painted to match life, by fauns who traditionally could not be transformed, and by the loss of Arcadia to time’s inevitable unfolding, issues that resonated with the transformations America was experiencing at that very time, on the eve of the Civil War. Ovid, the counter-cultural poet who rejected an Augustan agenda of morality in favour of multitudinous, multicultural life, proved in the end too challenging a master for Hawthorne to emulate.

Defensive or offensive dining? Halal dining practices among Malay Muslim Singaporeans and their effects on integration

Anthropologists and sociologists have, in recent years, paid attention to different aspects of halal food production and consumption. However, very few studies have focussed on the impact that halal food, its certification and halal dining practice have on socialisation, particularly for Muslims living in multicultural societies in Southeast Asia. Nasir and Pereira’s study (2008) is one of these exceptions. They studied the attitudes of Singaporean Malay Muslims towards halal food as well as the strategies they adopt when forced to share nonhalal dining environments. These authors have described such strategies as ‘defensive dining’ and have argued that, through them, Muslims in Singapore are able to fully partake in the multicultural life of the city state as well as integrate within the mainstream, mainly Chinese, society. This article discusses how my observations and fieldwork raise some questions about such overtly positive conclusions. Indeed, I suggest that to understand the impact that such ‘dining strategies’ may have on the integration of Singaporean Malay Muslims, we should not only observe the Malay Muslims’ viewpoint but also consider the impact such practices have on non‐Muslims, in particular the Chinese majority, as well as the role that stereotypes have in Singapore.