Multicomponent Exercise Program Research Articles

Effects of a Multicomponent Exercise Program in Older Adults with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer during Adjuvant/Palliative Treatment: An Intervention Study.

Clinical intervention studies support the efficacy and safety of exercise programs as a treatment modality for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) during adjuvant/palliative treatment, but the effectiveness of real-world oncogeriatric services is yet to be established. We aimed to examine the effects of a 10-week structured and individualized multicomponent exercise program on physical/cognitive functioning and mental wellness in elderly patients with NSCLC under adjuvant therapy or palliative treatment. A non-randomized, opportunistic control, longitudinal-design trial was conducted on 26 patients with NSCLC stage I–IV. Of 34 eligible participants, 21 were allocated into two groups: (i) control group (n = 7) received usual medical care; and (ii) intervention group (n =19) received multicomponent program sessions, including endurance, strength, balance, coordination and stretching exercises. Tests included the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), 5-m habitual Gait Velocity Test (GVT), Timed Up & Go Test (TUG), 6-Min Walk Test (6MWT), independence of activities in daily living (IADL), muscular performance, cognitive function, and quality of life, which were measured at baseline and after 10 weeks of the program. Results revealed a significant group×time interaction for SPPB (p = 0.004), 5-m GVT (p = 0.036), TUG (p = 0.007), and muscular performance (chest and leg power; p < 0.001). Similarly, significant changes were observed between groups for cognitive functioning (p = 0.021) and quality of life for EUROQoL 5D (p = 0.006). Our findings confirm that a multicomponent exercise program improves measures of physical/cognitive functioning and quality of life in the elderly with NSCLC under adjuvant therapy or palliative treatment. This is an interesting and important study that adds to our current body of knowledge on the safety of exercise interventions, especially in the elderly with solid tumors.

The impact of multicomponent programmes on balance and fall reduction in adults with intellectual disabilities: a randomised trial.

One challenge a modern society faces is this: providing those vulnerable and ageing groups of adults who have intellectual disabilities with appropriate support for improving static and dynamic balance. Balance is a crucial component of physical fitness and, consequently, of fall reduction and prevention. The aim of the present randomised controlled trial was to evaluate the efficacy, after 16weeks, that three different Special Olympics physical activity programmes had on balance and on fall reduction in adults with intellectual disabilities. A convenience sample of 150 persons with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities was recruited from the accessible Special Olympics Slovenia population of physically inactive adults with intellectual disabilities. The sample was randomised to the experimental group 1 (multicomponent balance-specific exercise programme group with additional workshops on such social gerontology topics as active and healthy ageing; N=50), the experimental group 2 (multicomponent wellness programme group; N=50) and a control group (regular Special Olympics athletic training; N=50). Significant differences were found between groups in the balance scores throughout the study period and in the ability to decrease fall frequency. Balance assessment is a high predictor of frequency of falls, and among adults with intellectual disabilities, it significantly correlates with exercise. The results indicate that a multicomponent balance-specific exercise programme with a significant sociogerontological component on active ageing could be a useful intervention for intellectually disabled adults who have poor balance and who experience frequent falls.

A home-based exercise program focused on proprioception to reduce falls in frail and pre-frail community-dwelling older adults

Frailty and falls are closely associated with each other as well as with disability, hospitalization, and death. Exercise can reduce these risks in both robust and frail older people. This before-after, non-randomized intervention study assessed a one-year proprioception training program with individual daily home exercises in 564 community-dwelling people aged 70 years and over, with different frailty phenotypes. After the exercise program, we observed a moderate reduction in the mean number of falls, fear of falls, body mass index and body fat percentage in frail and pre-frail participants. These results suggest that a home proprioception program may be a viable alternative to complex multicomponent exercise programs in settings where these are not feasible, since home proprioception can reach a larger population at a lower cost, and it affords clear benefits.

Impact of a supervised multicomponent physical exercise program on cognitive functions in patients with type 2 diabetes

This study evaluated the impact of a multicomponent exercise program on cognitive functions in participants with Type 2 Diabetes. Participants (n = 70, 65.6 ± 5.9 years) engaged in the program (75 min per session; 3 x week) for 32 weeks. A battery of cognitive tests was performed at baseline and study completion. Two groups were formed according to their attendance rate (low and high attendance), and statistical comparisons were computed on their changes in cognitive performance. Such changes were also associated with the attendance rate for all participants. Results showed no significant differences between groups in their change scores, although there were some within-group differences in both groups. Correlation analysis showed that the attendance rate was not associated with cognitive performance changes, except for one variable. As the exercise program did not improve cognitive function, we discuss the potential of future interventions to incorporate dual-task activities merging physical and cognitive stimulation.

Effects of a resistance and balance exercise programme on physical fitness, health-related quality of life and fear of falling in older women with osteoporosis and vertebral fracture: a randomized controlled trial.

Guidelines for exercise strongly recommend that older adults with osteoporosis or osteoporotic vertebral fracture should engage in a multicomponent exercise programme that includes resistance training in combination with balance training. Prior research is scarce and shows inconsistent findings. This study examines whether current exercise guidelines for osteoporosis, when applied to individuals with vertebral fractures, can improve health outcomes. This single blinded randomized controlled trial included 149 older women diagnosed with osteoporosis and vertebral fracture, 65+ years. The intervention group performed a 12-week multicomponent exercise programme, the control group received usual care. Primary outcome was habitual walking speed, secondary outcomes were physical fitness (Senior Fitness Test, Functional Reach and Four Square Step Test), health-related quality of life and fear of falling. Descriptive data was reported as mean (standard deviation) and count (percent). Data were analyzed following intention to treat principle and per protocol. Between-group differences were assessed using linear regression models (ANCOVA analysis). No statistically significant difference between the groups were found on the primary outcome, walking speed (mean difference 0.04m/s, 95% CI - 0.01-0.09, p = 0.132). Statistically significant between-group differences in favour of intervention were found on FSST (dynamic balance) (mean difference - 0.80s, 95% CI - 1.57 to - 0.02, p = 0.044), arm curl (mean difference 1.55, 95% CI 0.49-2.61, p = 0.005) and 30-s STS (mean difference 1.85, 95% CI 1.04-2.67, p < 0.001), as well as fear of falling (mean difference - 1.45, 95% CI - 2.64 to - 0.26, p = 0.018). No statistically significant differences between the groups were found on health-related quality of life. Twelve weeks of a supervised multicomponent resistance and balance exercise programme improves muscle strength and balance and reduces fear of falling, in women with osteoporosis and a history of vertebral fractures. ClincialTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02781974. Registered 25.05.16. Retrospectively registered.

A Multicomponent Physical Exercise Program: a Tool to Maintain Autonomy, Reduce Frailty and Improve Functionality in Nursing Homes

A Multicomponent Physical Exercise Program: a Tool to Maintain Autonomy, Reduce Frailty and Improve Functionality in Nursing Homes

The effect of a multicomponent exercise program on cognitive function and functional ability in community dwelling older adults

Normal aging results in alterations in the structure and function of the brain, causing impairment in cognitive function and dependency in performing activities of daily living. A multicomponent physical activity program has been recommended to maintain physical and cognitive function in elderly individuals. The present study aimed at measuring the effect of such an exercise program on the cognitive function and activities of daily living(ADL) function in community dwelling elderly individuals. 52 elderly adults living in the community and ambulating independently were selected purposively and underwent a 10-week multi-component exercise program which included aerobic exercise, strength training, balance exercises and functional training. The participants were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Barthel Index(BI) at baseline and every two weeks up till 10 weeks. The data obtained was analysed usind descriptive statistics and t-test for finding the effect of the intervention program on the outcome measures. The results showed a significant difference in the pre- to post-intervention scores of both the outcome measures. A multicomponent exercise program was seen to be effective in improving the cognitive function and level of ADL activity in community dwelling elderly individuals. Such an exercise program should be recommended to all elderly adults in order to maintain their cognitive and overall functioning and to improve their productivity.

Need for comprehensive management of frailty at an individual level: European perspective from the advantage joint action on frailty.

ADVANTAGE Joint Action is a large collaborative project co-founded by the European Commission and its Member States to build a common understanding of frailty for Member States on which to base a common management approach for older people who are frail or at risk of developing frailty. One of the key objectives of the project is presented in this paper; how to manage frailty at the individual level. A systematic review of the literature was conducted, including grey literature and good practices when possible. The management of frailty should be directed towards comprehensive and holistic treatment in multiple and related fields. Prevention requires a multifaceted approach addressing factors that have resonance across the individual's life course. Comprehensive geriatric assessment to diagnose the condition and plan a personalized multidomain treatment increases better outcomes. Multicomponent exercise programmes, adequate protein and vitamin D intake, when insufficient, and reduction in polypharmacy and inadequate prescription, are the most effective strategies found in the literature to manage frailty effectively. Frailty can be effectively prevented and managed with a multidomain intervention strategy based on comprehensive geriatric assessment.

Effects of Home- and Center-Based Exercise Programs on the Strength, Function, and Gait of Prefrail Older Women: A Randomized Control Trial.

The aims of this study were to compare the effects of a multicomponent exercise program provided at a center (CB) versus done part at home and part at a center (H+CB) on frailty status, strength, physical function, and gait of prefrail older women. Twenty-five women were randomly allocated into the CB (n = 14; 69 ± 6 years) and the H+CB (n = 11; 69 ± 7 years) groups. Both groups completed an exercise program including strengthening, balance, and gait exercises. The program was 12 weeks long, done three times per week, for 60min per session. Frailty, knee and hip muscle strength, spatiotemporal parameters of the usual and maximum speed dual-task gait, and physical function were assessed at baseline and after program completion. The exercise program reversed the prefrail status of most participants independently of the mode of delivery. Strength increased in both groups, but the CB group had more pronounced improvements in gait and physical function. H+CB exercise programs are good options for prefrail older women.

Effects of Multicomponent Exercise on Cognitive Function in Elderly Korean Individuals.

Background and PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of multicomponent exercise on cognitive function, depression, and quality of life in elderly individuals.MethodsThis study prospectively recruited 605 participants, and constructed an exercise pyramid comprising even distributions of daily physical activities, aerobic exercise, muscle-strengthening exercise, flexibility exercise, balance exercise, and activities that subjects could perform while sitting down. The exercise program was divided into six stages according to the participant's level of frailty. The 12-week exercise program intervention was conducted once yearly.ResultsThe exercise regimen was followed by 402 of the 605 enrolled participants, giving a dropout rate of 33.6%. The 27-month exercise program was completed by 60 participants. The scores for the Mini Mental State Examination for dementia screening (MMSE-DS), short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale, World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), fear of falling, handgrip strength, and walking speed were improved after the exercise intervention. The analysis of frailty revealed that participants in the frail group showed greater improvements for the MMSE-DS, WHOQOL-BREF, IPAQ, fear of falling, handgrip strength, and walking speed.ConclusionsIndividually customized, multicomponent exercise programs lead to improved levels of cognitive function, depression, and quality of life, especially among those who are more frail.

Effects of multicomponent exercise on metabolic health parameters in elderly

Sedentary lifestyle combined with aging is associated with the genesis and development of cardiovascular diseases, Evidence for prescribing exercise in metabolic disorders in young and middle age individuals is overwhelming, but little is known regarding the effect of multicomponent exercise programs on the elderlies' metabolic health. The aim of this study was to analyze changes in blood pressure, lipid profile and cardiorespiratory fitness in a group of sedentary older adults following a two-days weekly multicomponent training (MCT) program (60 min/session). Thirteen elderly (70.77±3.72 years; 72.38±14.39 kg; 8 female) completed 15 weeks of MCT. Tryglicerydes (TG), Total cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-c), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-c), blood pressure, and cardiorespiratory fitness were evaluated before and after training. Pre-post results showed significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness and blood pressure (p&lt;0.05), and a trend to significance (p=0.06) for TC. A 2-days MCT short intervention improves metabolic health in sedentary old adults, although this dose (duration and time of training) seems not enough to impact blood lipid profile in this kind of training.

A multicomponent exercise intervention to improve physical functioning, cognition and psychosocial well-being in elderly nursing home residents: a study protocol of a randomized controlled trial in the PROCARE (prevention and occupational health in long-term care) project

BackgroundOlder adults, who are living in nursing homes that provide a high level of long-term nursing care, are characterized by multimorbidity and a high prevalence of dependency in activities of daily living. Results of recent studies indicate positive effects of structured exercise programs during long-term care for physical functioning, cognition, and psychosocial well-being. However, for frail elderly the evidence remains inconsistent. There are no evidence-based guidelines for exercises for nursing home residents that consider their individual deficits and capacities. Therefore, high-quality studies are required to examine the efficacy of exercise interventions for this multimorbid target group. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility and efficacy of a multicomponent exercise intervention for nursing home residents that aims to improve physical and cognitive functioning as well as quality of life.MethodsA two-arm single-blinded multicenter randomized controlled trial will be conducted, including 48 nursing homes in eight regions of Germany with an estimated sample size of 1120 individuals. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a training or a waiting time control group. For a period of 16 weeks the training group will meet twice a week for group-based sessions (45–60 min each), which will contain exercises to improve physical functioning (strength, endurance, balance, flexibility) and cognitive-motor skills (dual-task). The intervention is organized as a progressive challenge which is successively adapted to the residents’ capacities. Physical functioning, cognitive performance, and quality of life will be assessed in both study groups at baseline (pre-test), after 16-weeks (post-treatment), and after 32-weeks (retention test, intervention group only).DiscussionThis study will provide information about the efficacy of a multicomponent exercise program in nursing homes (performance, recruitment). Results from this trial will contribute to the evidence of multicomponent exercises, which specifically focus on cognitive-motor approaches in the maintenance of mental and physical functioning. In addition, it will help to encourage older adults to actively engage in social life. Furthermore, the findings will lead to recommendations for health promotion interventions for frail nursing home residents.Trial registrationThe trial was prospectively registered at DRKS.de with the registration number DRKS00014957 on October 9, 2018.

A MULTI-COMPONENT HOME-BASED PHYSICAL THERAPY INTERVENTION FOR IMPROVING COMMUNITY AMBULATION AFTER HIP FRACTURE

Presented is a two-group RCT evaluating a multi-component exercise program for hip fracture patients to determine if it is effective in improving the ability to walk independently in the community. Hip fracture patients age ≥60 years (N=210) were assessed and randomized within 26 weeks of hospitalization, and reassessed 16 and 40 weeks later. The primary outcome was ability to walk 300m in six minutes. PUSH (active treatment) included aerobic conditioning, strengthening, balance and functional training. PULSE (attention control) included transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, flexibility and active range of motion exercises. Both groups received 2-3 visits per week for 16 weeks in their residences from a physical therapist. 22/96 in PUSH (22.9%) and 18/101 in PULSE (17.8%) (difference 5.1%; 95% CI: -6.1%, 16.3%; P=.37) became community ambulators. We conclude that advancing substantial proportions of hip fracture patients to community ambulation will require more than the intervention evaluated in this study.

The impact of physical exercise on cognitive and affective functions and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in nursing home residents: A randomized controlled trial

ObjectivesTo determine the effects of a multicomponent physical exercise program on cognitive and affective functioning among nursing home residents and to clarify whether there are any changes in serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) among participants. Study designThis was a single-blind randomized controlled trial in ten nursing homes in Gipuzkoa, Spain. The study included 112 men and women. Participants in the control group engaged in routine activities while those in the intervention group participated in a six-month individualized, progressive, multicomponent physical exercise program focused on strength, balance, and walking. Main outcome measuresCognitive and affective functions were assessed at baseline and at six months. Serum BDNF levels were assessed via ELISA. ResultsAfter six months, a group by time interaction in favor of the intervention group was observed on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), symbol search and De Jong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale (P < 0.05). The control group scored more poorly on the MOCA, WAIS-IV (coding and symbol search), verbal fluency, and semantic fluency tests after six months (P < 0.05) than they did at baseline. The intervention group showed poorer results on the coding test (P < 0.05). Loneliness perception was reduced in the intervention group (P < 0.05). No changes in serum BDNF were observed (group x time and within groups, P > 0.05). ConclusionA six-month individualized, progressive, multicomponent physical exercise intervention is effective at maintaining cognitive function and decreasing perceptions of loneliness among nursing home residents. Blood levels of BDNF were not affected by the intervention.

High-Intensity Functional Training Shows Promise for Improving Physical Functioning and Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Pilot Study.

Healthy aging allows older adults to remain active in their communities; however, sedentary behaviors can lead to physical deconditioning and decreased physical function. Structured exercise programs are recommended to facilitate activity engagement and prevent muscle atrophy due to aging to facilitate older adults' abilities to complete activities of daily living. In particular, high-intensity functional training (HIFT) is a multicomponent group exercise program that has previously been shown to increase physical function for middle-age cancer survivors. This study examined the preliminary feasibility and effectiveness of HIFT for improving physical function and participation in physical activity for community-dwelling older adults. The 8-week pilot study included two 60-minute HIFT sessions per week. Participants (n = 8) were 75% female with a mean age of 71 (6) years. Study initiation, adherence, and acceptability were assessed to determine feasibility. Effectiveness was assessed via 5 physical function measures conducted during sessions 1 and 16 and included the Timed Up and Go, lift and carry test, chair stand test, a repeated stair climb test, and the 6-minute walk test. Participants also self-reported confidence and difficulty for activities of daily living via the Outpatient Physical Therapy Improvement in Movement Assessment Log and physical activity participation via the Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors questionnaire. The study recruitment rate was 88.9% and 87.5% of participants adhered. Intervention acceptability was promising, as 4 participants reported liking multiple aspects of the intervention (eg, coaching/supervision and similar age peers). Intervention effectiveness was promising with significant improvement in 1 of 5 physical function measures, although clinical effects were most likely trivial. Participants reported increased participation in both leisure and structured physical activities. HIFT appeared feasible and showed promise for counteracting the loss of physical function and sedentary behaviors associated with aging. Results should be confirmed in a longer, fully powered study.

Effects of Three Months of Detraining on the Health Profile of Older Women after a Multicomponent Exercise Program.

Physical exercise results in very important benefits including preventing disease and promoting the quality of life of older individuals. Common interruptions and training cessation are associated with the loss of total health profile, and specifically cardiorespiratory fitness. Would detraining (DT) promote different effects in the cardiorespiratory and health profiles of trained and sedentary older women? Forty-seven older women were divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG) (EG: n = 28, 70.3 ± 2.3 years; CG: n = 19, 70.1 ± 5.6 years). Oxygen uptake (VO2) and health profile assessments were conducted after the exercise program and after three months of detraining. The EG followed a nine-month multicomponent exercise program before a three-month detraining period. The CG maintained their normal activities. Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant increases in total heath and VO2 (p < 0.01) profile over a nine-month exercise period in the EG and no significant increases in the CG. DT led to greater negative effects on total cholesterol (4.35%, p < 0.01), triglycerides (3.89%, p < 0.01), glucose (4.96%, p < 0.01), resting heart rate (5.15%, p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (4.13%, p < 0.01), diastolic blood pressure (3.38%, p < 0.01), the six-minute walk test (7.57%, p < 0.01), Pulmonary Ventilation (VE) (10.16%, p < 0.01), the Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) (9.78, p < 0.05), and VO2/heart rate (HR) (16.08%, p < 0.01) in the EG. DT may induce greater declines in total health profile and in VO2, mediated, in part, by the effectiveness of multicomponent training particularly developed for older women.

A363 Additive effects of a 11-months multicomponent exercise program on cardiometabolic risk factors following bariatric surgery

Bariatric surgery (BS) and exercise have beneficial cardiometabolic effects, however, it remains undetermined if exercise post-BS achieves additional benefits. Our aim was to investigate the additive effect of exercise and BS on cardiometabolic health.

257 Participants’ Experience of a Novel Group Exercise Program: Results from the DEFRAIL (Diet and Exercise for Frailty) Study Pilot

Abstract Background DEFRAIL (Diet and Exercise for Frailty) is a translational study examining the effect of an eight-week multicomponent group exercise program and protein supplementation on frailty in older adults. As part of the development of this novel intervention, a four-week pilot was carried out to assess participants’ experience of the program, with a view to optimising the final format. Methods Inclusion in the DEFRAIL study requires a candidate to be deemed frail as per the Fried criteria. During the initial stages of recruitment for DEFRAIL, any individual who was identified as pre-frail was offered the opportunity to participate in the pilot trial (11 x 1-hour group sessions at a local sporting facility). Following its conclusion, a telephone interview using a standardised questionnaire was conducted on all participants to assess various aspects of their experience. Results Of 9 participants recruited for the pilot, 7 completed the four-week program (One participant failed to attend any sessions due to difficulties with transport and one participant withdrew after the first week, reporting excessive fatigue as the main issue). Amongst these 7 individuals, attendance was 90.9%. The only other adverse events recorded were delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in 4 out of 7 and aggravation of a pre-existing joint injury in one individual (neither of which prevented participation in subsequent classes). All attendees reporting enjoying the program with additional feedback obtained via the questionnaire regarding the timing, duration, frequency and intensity of classes, in addition to identifying potential barriers or enablers to participation. Conclusion This pilot of a novel exercise program for older adults was enjoyed and well-tolerated by pre-frail older adults. Participant feedback, both during the pilot and through a standardised questionnaire following completion, has had a meaningful impact on the final version of the exercise program that will be used for frail older adults in the DEFRAIL intervention.

Effect of a multicomponent exercise programme (VIVIFRAIL) on functional capacity in frail community elders with cognitive decline: study protocol for a randomized multicentre control trial

BackgroundThe benefit of physical exercise in ageing and particularly in frailty has been the aim of recent research. Moreover, physical activity in the elderly is associated with a decreased risk of mortality, of common chronic illnesses (i.e. cardiovascular disease or osteoarthritis) and of institutionalization as well as with a delay in functional decline. Additionally, very recent research has shown that, despite its limitations, physical exercise is associated with a reduced risk of dementia, Alzheimer disease or mild cognitive decline. Nevertheless, the effect of physical exercise as a systematic, structured and repetitive type of physical activity, in the reduction of risk of cognitive decline in the elderly, is not very clear. The purpose of this study aims to examine whether an innovative multicomponent exercise programme called VIVIFRAIL has benefits for functional and cognitive status among pre-frail/frail patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia.Methods/designThis study is a multicentre randomized clinical trial to be conducted in the outpatient geriatrics clinics of three tertiary hospitals in Spain. Altogether, 240 patients aged 75 years or older being capable of and willing to provide informed consent, with a Barthel Index ≥ 60 and mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia, pre-frail or frail and having someone to help to supervise them when conducting the exercises will be randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. Participants randomly assigned to the usual care group will receive normal outpatient care, including physical rehabilitation when needed. The VIVIFRAIL multicomponent exercise intervention programme consists of resistance training, gait re-training and balance training, which appear to be the best strategy for improving gait, balance and strength, as well as reducing the rate of falls in older individuals and consequently maintaining their functional capacity during ageing.The primary endpoint is the change in functional capacity, assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (1 point as clinically significant). Secondary endpoints are changes in cognitive and mood status, quality of life (EQ-5D), 6-m gait velocity and changes in gait parameters (i.e. gait velocity and gait variability) while performing a dual-task test (verbal and counting), handgrip, maximal strength and power of the lower limbs as well as Barthel Index of independence (5 points as clinically significant) at baseline and at the 1-month and 3-month follow-up.DiscussionFrailty and cognitive impairment are two very common geriatric syndromes in elderly patients and are frequently related and overlapped. Functional decline and disability are major adverse outcomes of these conditions. Exercise is a potential intervention for both syndromes. If our hypothesis is correct, the relevance of this project is that the results can contribute to understanding that an individualized multicomponent exercise programme (VIVIFRAIL) for frail elderly patients with cognitive impairment is more effective in reducing functional and cognitive impairment than conventional care. Moreover, our study may be able to show that an innovative individualized multicomponent exercise prescription for these high-risk populations is plausible, having at least similar therapeutic effects to other pharmacological and medical prescriptions.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03657940. Registered on 5 September 2018.

Multicomponent Exercise on Physical Function, Cognition and Hemodynamic Parameters of Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

This paper reports on a quasi-experimental study that aimed to identify changes in muscle function (i.e., mobility, maximal walking speed, lower limb muscle strength, balance, and transfer capacity), cognition (i.e., executive function) and hemodynamic parameters of community-dwelling Brazilian older adults during a six-month multicomponent exercise program (MCEP). A total of 436 community-dwelling older adults performed functional, cognitive and hemodynamic assessments before and after a six-month MCEP. The program of exercise was performed twice a week over 26 weeks at moderate intensity. Results indicate that balance, mobility (i.e., usual and maximal walking speeds) and transfer capacity (p < 0.05) were significantly improved after the MCEP. Moreover, all hemodynamic parameters (i.e., systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures), except for heart rate (p > 0.05), were significantly reduced after the intervention. The current findings indicate that a six-month MCEP may provide physical and hemodynamic benefits in community-dwelling older adults. Nevertheless, our findings need to be confirmed in larger samples and better designed studies.