Multichannel Urodynamic Studies Research Articles

Significance of rectal contractions noted on multichannel urodynamics.

Independent rectal contractions are frequently noted when performing multichannel urodynamics and are often considered to be artifactual. In an effort to determine if this activity is indeed significant, we reviewed 430 consecutive multichannel urodynamic studies performed on 289 patients. All studies were performed using an analog recorder at 0.5 mm/sec paper speed. Multichannel pressures included total vesical pressure measured by a urethral catheter, total abdominal pressure measured by a rectal balloon catheter, subtracted detrusor pressure (vesical minus abdominal), and uroflow measurement when possible. Rectal contractions were defined as multiple fluctuations in abdominal pressure as measured by the rectal balloon catheter which were independent of changes in total vesical pressure. These fluctuations could not be reproduced by abdominal stressing or Kegel-type maneuvers. Contractions were noted to be of high or low amplitude, continuous or intermittent. Of the 289 patients, 109 (38%) had a study positive for rectal contractions. Similarly, 168 of 430 studies (38%) were positive. In patients with neurologic disease, rectal contractions were noted in 61/120 (51%). In patients with no history of neurologic disease, 48/169 (29%) had rectal contractions (P < 0.001). Furthermore, when patients without a history of neurologic disease were evaluated with respect to the presence of detrusor instability, a positive study was noted in 27/67 (40%) with instability but in only 21/102 (21%) of patients without instability (P = 0.005). Rectal contractions also occurred with a higher frequency in patients with bladder hyperactivity of any etiology.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Update evaluation of benign prostatic hyperplasia: when should we offer prostatectomy?

To investigate correlations between traditional and urodynamic criteria in the evaluation of prostatism and to try to establish an update evaluation of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with the aim of preventing unnecessary prostatectomies. The series constituted 96 patients aged 43-86 years (mean 63.41 +/- 9.25) with prostatism and BPH. All were assessed by symptom analysis, digital rectal examination, residual urine determination, uroflowmetry and further multichannel urodynamic testing (medium fill cystometry, pressure flow study). Residual urine determination was not a reliable criterion for selection of patients for surgery. A striking statistically significant correlation was evident when symptomatology and the results from multichannel urodynamic study were compared. No correlation was found between irritative symptoms and detrusor instability. A significant proportion (23%) of the whole patient population was classified as a urodynamically unobstructed group to which we think prostatectomy should not be offered. We recommend that a pressure-flow study is performed in all patients with BPH with dominant irritative symptoms to identify those who are unobstructed.

Retropublic colpourethropexy with transabdominal anterior and/or posterior repair for the treatment of genuine stress urinary incontinence and genital prolapse

A new operative technique combining retropublic colpourethropexy with transabdominal internal anterior and/or internal posterior repair for the treatment of genuine stress incontinence (GSI) and genital prolapse is described in 75 cases. The overall success rate in correcting GSI was 92.0%, with a 94.8% success rate in the primary surgical group (n=58) and an 82.4% in the secondary group (n=17). Average follow-up has been 1.31 years (range 6 weeks–6 years). There was a 3.4% incidence of residual prolapse. Nine patients also underwent concomitant colpourethropexy. Overall surgical complications include febrile morbidity 4/75 (5.3%), wound infection 1/75 (1.3%), deep vein thrombosis 1/75 (1.3%) and partial ureteric obstruction 1/75 (1.3%). There were no statistically significant changes in multichannel urodynamic studies preoperatively and at 1 year following surgery. Onethird (2/6) of the GSI failures had low MUCP (<20 cm H2O) prior to surgery and continued so at 1 year follow-up.

Multichannel Urodynamic Studies in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Indications and Interpretation

Multichannel Urodynamic Studies in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Indications and Interpretation

Increased Residual Urine in Patients with Bladder Neuropathy Secondary to Suprasacral Spinal Cord Lesions

Multichannel urodynamic studies were done on 30 patients with incomplete bladder emptying secondary to suprasacral spinal cord lesions. In 11 patients fluoroscopy was done simultaneously. A single most important factor accounting for the increased residual urine was present in 21 cases: inadequate detrusor contraction in 10, sphincter dyssynergia in 6 and bladder neck obstruction in 5. A combination of 2 of these factors was present in 3 patients. Although the initial residual urine volume was high in 6 patients voiding during the urodynamic study was efficient and no residual urine was demonstrated at that time. Urethral pressure profiles were variable, depending on whether a spastic external sphincter contraction was present during the procedure. It is concluded that bladder pressure and sphincter electromyographic measurement during voiding, combined with fluoroscopy, are ideal methods to identify the factors responsible for incomplete emptying in problem cases. The urethral pressure profile is of limited value in the initial assessment of these patients.