Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna Research Articles

Design of Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna for Satellite Applications

In the fields of satellite communication and aerospace, the multiband microstrip patch antenna has emerged as a game-changing technology that meets crucial needs of the contemporary day. The use of this antenna is essential as the need for faster data transfer rates and wider coverage keeps rising. In this paper, a microstrip patch antenna is designed for operating into Ku band for satellite communication and aerospace communication. The antenna is operating at 15.8 GHz and in the Ku band. The antenna is designed with slot configurations on the patch, forming an 'H' shape, and on the feed, resembling a 'U' shape. The integration of these slot structures enhances the antenna's gain, achieving 7.44 dB with useful bandwidth of 3.2 GHz. Furthermore, the antenna exhibits ultrawide band properties, extending its versatility and potential applications.

Synthesis of a Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Wireless Communications

This paper presents a multiband microstrip patch antenna for future 5G Millimeter Wave (mm-wave) wireless technologies. The synthesized antenna is designed to be based on the genetic algorithm (GA) optimization tool in the high frequency simulation software (HFSS). The optimized dimensions of the engineered antenna are 24 × 24 × 0.203 mm3, comprising of a ground plane. The antenna design simulated results have been implemented via (HFSS) and microwave studio (CST) tools. The proposed antenna structure is engineered using Rogers RT-Duroid 4003 substrate as a dielectric medium. The Conformist rectangular and circular patches are modified to get multiband operation in the mm-wave band 25–32 besides 40–60 GHz frequency ranges. The input reflection coefficient (S11\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${\\mathrm{S}}_{11}$$\\end{document}) simulation results were compared with the measurements to check the validity of the design. The fabricated antenna radiation efficiency and gain values are also measured over the desired bandwidths. The measured gain and radiation efficiency values reached up to 9.75 dBi, 0.85%, and 10.75 dBi, 0.84%, for both bandwidths, respectively.

A modified sierpinski carpet antenna structure for multiband wireless applications

Multiband patch antenna has a very important part in the communication devices and systems. The benefits in designing and testing of Sierpinski carpet geometries for a low profile, cost effective multiband microstrip patch antenna for wireless standards is reviewed in this paper. The basic structure of the patch antenna is designed using the FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.3 mm. The designed patch antenna structure is excited using the microstrip feed system. The Sierpinski carpet antenna structure is designed and simulated using High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) software. The available Sierpinski carpet antenna structure in the literature is modified to make the preferred radiation patterns. The effects of the iterations of the modified Sierpinski carpet antenna structure over the generated return loss plots are discussed in this work. Based on the generated multiband behavior in the simulated results, the accomplishment of the designed antenna in the wireless domain was analyzed.

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTI-BAND COMPACT MICROSTRIP ANTENNA IN GSM1900/WLAN/WiMAX/DSRC/X-BAND FREQUENCY BANDS FOR VEHICLE APPLICATIONS

This study focuses the design and analysis of a compact, multi-band microstrip patch antenna for wireless communications operations. The design antenna exhibits distinct quad resonance frequency bands I from 1.879 GHz to 1.986 GHz, II from 3.1 GHz to 3.87 GHz, and III from 4.97 GHz to 6.515 GHz, IV from 7.26 GHz to 8.6 GHz, which covers GSM 1.900 GHz, WLAN (5.2/5.8 GHz), DSRC 5.9 GHz and WiMAX (3.5/5.5 GHz) bands. In addition, it can also support the X-band from 7.26 to 8.6 GHz. The antenna is designed on an inexpensive substrate of FR4 with dimensions of 36(L) × 25(W) mm2 and consists of two branches of curved strips for a quad-band response. The antenna is designed and analyzed using electromagnetic 3D computer simulation software. The designed antenna can provide advantages in GSM/WLAN/WiMAX/DSRC/X-band satellite applications for vehicle communication with four resonant frequency bands, nearly omnidirectional radiation characteristics, and acceptable gain.

Microstrip Patch Antenna Array Design for RF Energy Harvesting Applications

In recent years, with the rapid developments in the field of technology and the development of wireless communication systems; led to a noticeable increase in the number of portable, rechargeable and low-power devices. These electronic devices have become a necessity even in our simplest works, due to the increase in their number and variety; It is desired that the energy needs can be met continuously and quickly at a low cost. Batteries, which are non-renewable generators, provide the energy required for such low-power devices in the world. The increase in the tendency towards non-renewable energy sources leads to negative environmental and economic consequences. Therefore, it becomes important to turn to renewable energy sources and to work on it. Energy harvesting systems, which are an innovative energy source, are the best potential alternatives to collect the energy needed by the mentioned low-power devices. With the increase of different frequency bands such as GSM 900, GSM 1800, UMTS, 3G, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max and LTE, RF energy harvesting is becoming quite common. In this paper, a printed multiband microstrip patch antenna is presented. Antenna design covers numerically calculated frequencies of 1.6dBi at 2.4GHz, 3.95dBi at 5.2GHz, gain values, and frequencies often used for electronic device communication such as Wi-Fi 2.4GHz and WiMAX. The proposed antenna design has allowable gain values to be used for RF energy harvesting applications.

A COMPACT MICROSTRIP CIRCULAR RING ANTENNA FOR TRIPLE BAND APPLICATIONS

The proposed work handles the design of a novel multiband microstrip patch antenna that can be used for current advanced wireless applications. The paper postulates a compact microstrip circular ring antenna operating at three different bands. The designed antenna is appropriate for Wi-Max, C-band, and wireless LAN applications. An FR4 substrate of thickness 1.6 mm is considered upon which a circular ring monopole antenna is developed. The truncated or reduced ground plane is considered in the design of the proposed antenna to yield the desired resonant characteristics. The developed antenna resonates at various multiband frequencies of 2.55-3.6, 4.37-5.32, and 6.99-8.65 GHz with good gain characteristics. The simulated reflection coefficient values are less than -10 dB. The proposed antenna has higher gains at all the three bands. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated, and measured results are compared to simulated results with good matching in between them.

High-directive multiband microstrip patch antenna for biomedical applications, inspired by metamaterial

Recent advancements in medical technology impose a limited number of devices for biomedical applications. A variety of techniques are being proposed to improve the performance of novel antenna designs in response to the rapid development of modern wireless technologies. A miniaturised microstrip antenna structure based on metamaterial (MTM) is presented here. The objective of this work is to present a high-directive antenna for wireless systems utilising MTM properties. Directivity is improved by the incorporation of the MTM structure on the ground structure. In order to improve the performance parameters of the antenna for medical applications, this study provides the design and analysis of a multiband patch antenna employing split-ring MTM. The split-ring resonator (SRR) MTM structures are embedded in a unique and novel way in the ground structure of the antenna. So that subwavelength modes get introduced in the patch cavity and a good performance characteristics is obtained. The reference antenna is a rectangular microstrip patch antenna exhibiting a directivity of 1.1823[Formula: see text]dB that resonates at a frequency of 2.32[Formula: see text]GHz. The optimised SRR MTM is positioned in the ground plane of the suggested antenna to increase the directivity of the antenna. This technology covers the frequency range between 2.24 and 3.96[Formula: see text]GHz used for biomedical applications and the ultra-wideband (UWB) range from 4.48 to 9.08[Formula: see text]GHz used for medical applications, industrial and scientific areas. The number of gaps of the rectangular-shaped SRRs is a key component of the enhancement of directivity from 1.1823 to 8.88823[Formula: see text]dB.

Improved Multiband Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Application

In this work, a multiband microstrip patch antenna for 5G mobile applications was designed and simulation was conducted using HFSS (High Frequency Simulation structure) software. The frequency range of 3.5 GHz through 11.65 GHz was considered and the antenna dimensions were obtained from a well-established design equations. During simulation, the designed antenna was considered for an antenna without an inset feed and an inset fed antenna using layers of RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with a patch size of 33 mm × 28.8 mm and height of 1 mm. The antenna performance was analyzed in terms of S11 parameters, return loss, Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), reflected power, and forwarding power. The result showed that the antenna radiates at a frequency of 3.5 GHz, 5.93 GHz, 7.49 GHz, 10.07 GHz and 11.65 GHz with an S11 value of -19.33, -17.40, -25.84, -32.94, -26.25 dB and VSWR of 1.88, 2.35, 1.68, 1.78 and 1.03. The designed antenna can be used for 5G applications that require the frequencies obtained in this research work.

Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications

The project is named “ Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna For Wireless Applications ” Multiband phased array antennas used in today's multi- function communication applications. Generally microstrip antenna arrays like the kotch array and sierpinski array are used but in some circuits where space is limited and arrays are not used. Therefore to achieve the multiband operation with limited space an antenna is designed E-shaped in combination with a split ring resonator to achieve the multiband operation. The simulation and experimental results show that the projected antenna operates at four different frequencies, 1.8GHz, 3.6GHz, 4.53GHz, and 5.73GHz, which can be used for various wireless applications like GSM 1800 (1.71– 1.78 GHz), Wi-MAX (3.4-3.69GHz) - IEEE 802.16 standards, Wi-Fi/WLAN (5.15-5.82 GHz). All the simulation outputs like resonant frequency, return loss, radiation patterns and fabricated antenna measured result is presented in this paper. The antenna is simulated using CST 2014 software.

Low profile multiband microstrip patch antenna with frequency reconfigurable feature using PIN diode for S, C, X, and Ku band applications

SummaryThe proposed work represents a simple and effective approach to achieve frequency tunability. The tunability is attained by the switching mechanism of the two PIN diodes. The biasing issue is reduced due to the usage of two PIN diodes. Simulation is carried by a high‐frequency structure simulator tool and compared with the fabricated structure for the authentication. Antenna fabrication is performed by low‐profile material FR‐4. Three modes were analyzed and compared in terms of resonating frequency, reflectance response, gain, bandwidth, and electric field based upon switching of PIN diodes. The proposed antenna structure provides a multiband response with the four frequency tunable bands along with maximum frequency tunability of 700 MHz and a minimum reflectance response of −28.22 dB. The proposed structure opens a new door of applications like satellite communication, military, and a sensor for the S, C, X, and Ku bands. The presented design was also compared with the previously published papers to identify the improvement.

A Comprehensive Review on Multi-band Microstrip Patch Antenna Comprising 5G Wireless Communication

A Comprehensive Review on Multi-band Microstrip Patch Antenna Comprising 5G Wireless Communication

Genetically engineered tri-band microstrip antenna with improved directivity for mm-wave wireless application

<abstract><p>Multi-band microstrip patch antennas are convenient for mm-wave wireless applications due to their low profile, less weight, and planar structure. This paper investigates patch geometry optimization of a single microstrip antenna by employing a binary coded genetic algorithm to attain triple band frequency operation for wireless network application. The algorithm iteratively creates new models of patch surface, evaluates the fitness function of each individual ranking them and generates the next set of offsprings. Finally, the fittest individual antenna model is returned. Genetically engineered antenna was simulated in ANSYS HFSS software and compared with the non-optimized reference antenna with the same dimensions. The optimized antenna operates at three frequency bands centered at 28 GHz, 40 GHz, and 47 GHz whereas the reference antenna operates only at 28 GHz with a directivity of 6.8 dB. Further, the test result exhibits broadside radiation patterns with peak directivities of 7.7 dB, 12.1 dB, and 8.2 dB respectively. The covered impedance bandwidths when S<sub>11</sub>$ \leq $-10 dB are 1.8 %, 5.5 % and 0.85 % respectively.</p></abstract>

Comparison of FR4 and Roger substrates in multiband two-slot rectangular patch antenna for 5G applications

This study discusses the design, optimization, and simulation of a multiband microstrip patch antenna. The patch antenna is popular because of its compact form, which allows it to be smaller and lighter than other existing devices. The microstrip patch antenna is designed in a variety of designs, optimized, and simulated, with the two slot rectangular patch antenna being chosen due to its excellent performance. The proposed two-slot rectangular patch antenna's behaviour is further improved by using two different substrate materials. Because of their ease of manufacture, the FR4 and Roger substrates were used. The suggested antenna is capable of operating in three frequency bands ranging from 10 to 40 GHz. A partial ground plane approach is used to increase the antenna's return loss and bandwidth. CST (Computer Simulation Technology) Studio Suite was used to investigate the antenna parameter. The antenna operates at 10, 28, and 38 GHz, which are the selected frequencies for 5 G mobile communications by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

Performance analysis of microstrip patch antenna using a four-layered substrate of different materials

Substrates of different materials have a significant role in the design of microstrip patch antennas due to their varying chemical, thermal, and physical properties. The authors of this research study proposed an examination into the performance of multi-band microstrip patch antennas mounted on multi-layered dielectric substrates such as FR-4, GaAs, polyethene, and plexiglass The primary goal of this study is to improve the performance of the proposed microstrip patch antenna in terms of return loss, bandwidth, gain, and power density by adding and stacking four different substrates of different material types with an equal dielectric substrate thickness of 1.8 mm, equal patch dimensions of 37 mm × 52 mm, and equal substrate dimensions of 50 mm × 80 mm. The results reveal that adding and stacking substrates of different material kinds improves the performance of the proposed microstrip patch antenna. Moreover, there is a shift in resonance frequencies as well as a shift in beams, operating as a smart antenna. Further study has been undertaken by loading metamaterial-based split-ring resonators on the proposed patch and the ground plane to improve performance. The proposed antenna is extremely useful for electronic communication systems that employ WLAN/Wi-Fi.

Dual Band Patch Antenna Based on Letter Slotted DGS for 5G Sub-6GHz Application

To design a multiband microstrip patch antenna, the Defected Ground Structure (DGS) technique is applied to add a disturbance effect in the surface current distribution and create a multi-resonance frequency. Furthermore, and in the aim to achieve a high gain, a high superstrate is added above the basic antenna design. The developed antenna is dedicated to the 5G sub 6GHz band application. The proposed antenna is based on RO5880 dielectric substrate of ɛ=2.2 and has an overall dimension of 77×70.11×1.6 mm3. The antenna operates at a sub 6GHz frequency range (at 4.53 to 4.97 GHz) and fits in 5G band application standard. Using CST Studio Suite Electromagnetics (EM) Solver, antenna’s performances are investigated; an average gain of 5 dB with acceptable radiation efficiency is obtained at the operating frequencies, suitable for sub-6GHz 5G application. The proposed antenna is fabricated, and experimental analysis is conducted using ROHDE & SCHWARZ ZVB20 network analyser, which shows a good agreement with the simulation analysis.

Metamaterial Based Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Wireless Technology-enabled IoT Devices and its applications

In the present era of the digital world, demand for IoT based smart devices has seen tremendous growth. These devices involve real-time human-to-machine communication and interaction. Communication of uninterrupted quality depends on the high bandwidth and speed of the internet. The development of 5G wireless network technology is the response to the crucial factors that lead to this demand, because of its ability to provide extremely fast internet speed, high bandwidth, high performance, reduced latency, and high reliability. In this research work, the authors have developed a metamaterial-based multi-band microstrip rectangular shape patch antenna with a wide high-performance bandwidth because of the demand. The proposed design has a low dielectric constant of 2.2, which is of Rogers RT/Duroid substrate, and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.0010. The design has a resonant frequency of 26 GHz. The simulations carried out using FEKO software has been analyzed for performance. The simulation and analysis reveal a good return loss of -34.4 dB at 26 GHz, -13.49 dB at 40 GHz, -13.63 dB at 53.5 GHz, high bandwidth of 5.368 GHz at 26 GHz, 3.76 GHz at 40 GHz, 2.88 GHz at 53.5 GHz, desirable voltage standing wave ratio, 1⩽VSWR⩽ 2, high gain of 10 dBi at 26 GHz, 5 dBi at 40 GHz, and high antenna radiation efficiency of 99.7 % at 26 GHz, and 61% at 40 GHz, 50% at 53.5 GHz. The bandwidth, return loss, antenna radiation efficiency and power density indicate an improvement of 5.368 GHz to 5.630 GHz, -34.82 dB to -57.10 dB, 99.7 % to 99.8 % and 2208 kW/m2 to 2800 kW/m2 respectively after loading and incorporating artificial magnetic split-ring resonator-based metamaterial on the patch. Further improvement is also seen at other frequencies. The proposed design has immense benefits for humanity due to its improved capacity to manage larger connected IoT devices in the fields of Industrial 4.0, Healthcare 4.0, Autonomous Vehicles, Agriculture 4.0, Education, Climate Change, Sustainability, and Oceanography.

Design and fabrication of compact triangular multiband microstrip patch antenna for C‐ and X‐band applications

SummaryModern portable communication devices require a compact antenna with superior performance and lower weight and size. The design and development of such a compact size antenna are a significant challenge for researchers. This proposed work compact slot‐based triangular patch antenna to work at the multiple resonance frequencies from 5 to 10 GHz using FR4 substrate is presented. The proposed antenna is simulated using High‐Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS 2020R1). Simulated and fabricated antenna test results show that the proposed antenna can be suitably employed for the portable wireless transceivers in C and X bands. It has been inferred from the fabricated and measured results that the proposed slot‐based triangular patch antenna achieves the peak gain of 8 dBi and has excellent impedance matching properties such that return loss S11 is less than −10 dB and VSWR value is significantly closer to 1 at all the resonance frequencies.

A Comparative Study of Two Different Type of Metamaterial Unit Cells for Miniaturization and Multiband of Microstrip Patch Antenna at 2.4 GHz Frequency

In this paper we design a multiband microstrip patch antenna (MPA) metamaterial (MM). We used two different types of MM unit cells and loaded these unit cells on the antenna, respectively. Thus, it can be decided which metamaterial is more appropriate for multiband and size reduction. One MM structure is new proposed geometry. It is in the shape of a Hindu mythological symbol ‘Swastiks’ and another MM unit cell is conventional split ring resonator. Before designing the MM loaded antenna, we analyze the characteristics of both kind of MM unit cells. We use the HFSS software for the simulation purpose.

Multiband microstrip patch antenna using copper nano radiating element for X band and C band applications

AbstractModern wireless applications necessitate compact handheld devices capable of operating at wide range of frequencies with minimum power. A suitable choice and size of the antenna play a role in reducing the power consumption of the transceivers. Microstrip antenna is usually preferred for such transceivers operating at microwave frequencies because of low profile and easy installation. In this paper, a design of microstrip patch antenna using copper nano material fabricated with sputtering process is proposed and analyzed by its performance. The thickness of the microstrip antenna is reduced by 50 times compared to the antenna fabricated using conventional etching process. The performance of the antenna is evaluated using the metrics of Return Loss, VSWR, and Radiation Pattern. The proposed antenna achieves a return loss of −20 dB at 2.4GHz. Further, the return loss is less than −10 dB for the frequencies ranging from 5 to 17 GHz. The maximum gain of 10 dB is achieved at 15.5 GHz.

Tri-Band Slot-Loaded Microstrip Antenna for Internet of Things Applications

A new design of a multiband microstrip patch antenna using slots in the patch as well as defected ground structures (DGS) implemented in the ground plane is proposed. Multi resonance response was obtained by etching the DGS shapes in the ground plane of a Traditional patch operates at 5.2 GHz, which is the common frequency for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The novel outcome of this work is a compact antenna that resonates at three bands, viz. 2.42, 5.22 and 5.92 GHz. Different shapes of slots were used to improve the antenna performance at the different resonances. The antenna used the inset feeding technique to improve impedance matching. Rogers RO3003 substrate of 3 relative dielectric constant, 0.0013 loss tangent, and 1.5 mm thickness was used to build the antenna. The designed antenna was simulated using HFSS software. The good consistency between simulations and measurements confirmed the antenna's ability to improve the benefits for IoT applications at the three different frequencies.