Multi System Research Articles

Comparative Study of Cobalt Oxide and Cobalt-Molybdenum Oxide Electrodes for Seawater Electrolysis

INTRODUCTIONThe quest for sustainable and efficient hydrogen production has led to the exploration of various catalyst materials for seawater electrolysis, a promising avenue for renewable energy generation. Seawater, abundant and accessible, offers a compelling resource for electrolytic hydrogen production, but its high salinity and corrosive nature pose challenges for catalyst stability and performance. The development of efficient catalysts capable of withstanding the harsh conditions of seawater while achieving high oxygen evolution efficiency (OEE) has captured the attention of researchers in this field.The development of high activity/high stability/low-cost oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts for large-scale production is an important issue for academia and the industry today [1]. Although RuO2 and IrO2 noble metal oxides are considered the most efficient OER electrocatalysts, their high costs, apparent scarcity, and low stability have greatly impeded their large-scale application as OER electrocatalysts [2]. In recent years, manganese, cobalt, molybdenum and other transition metals have emerged as promising candidates for catalyzing the OER in seawater electrolysis applications.Cobalt oxide electrodes are well-known for their catalytic activity towards the OER and stability in alkaline medium specially when it modified with other transition metals such as Mo [3]. Some researchers use manganese as anodic catalysts for oxygen evolution from seawater or MnO2 decorated with Co3O4 yields the best performances in alkaline seawater splitting [4]. Also, these electrodes were applied on FTO surface in acid medium [5]. We consider testing cobalt (Co) and Co mixed with molybdenum are important challenge in acidic medium under high current density.The present work aimed to (i) determine the optimum conditions for production of durable Co/Ti and Co-Mo/Ti anodes using a fast and easy fabricated method. (ii) focus on durability test of these electrodes under high current density without using intermediate conductive layer (iii) comparative analysis involves evaluating various aspects including catalytic activity, stability, structural properties, and OEE.EXPERIMENTALFirst, the titanium substrate underwent a treatment for surface roughening. Subsequently, the treated titanium substrate was coated with cobalt oxide (Co3O4) through the calcination of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2.6H2O) dissolved in a butanol solution, which was then brushed onto the substrate. Using the same method, a Co-Mo oxide was also prepared by calcinating butanol solutions of Co(NO3)2.6H2O and molybdenum chloride (MoCl5) at 450°C.The fabricated electrodes were characterized by XRD and EPMA to examine the structural and elemental properties of these electrodes. Moreover, electrochemical testing was conducted to evaluate the catalytic activity and stability of the electrodes during seawater electrolysis. The performance of the electrode was examined by electrolysis of 0.5 M NaCl solution at 1000Am-2. The OEE was estimated by the difference between the total charge passed during electrolysis and the formation charge of chlorine analyzed by iodometric titration. Polarization curves were measured using multi electrochemical measurement system. Correction for iR drop was made with a current-interruption technique. Durability test was measured using DC power supply 30V/5A.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThis study compares the performance of cobalt oxide electrodes, a well-established material for seawater electrolysis, with cobalt-molybdenum oxide composite electrodes. SEM images show the mesoporous structure for Ti/Co-Mo electrodes which is suitable for various applications (Fig. 1). X-ray diffraction clarified that all fabricated electrode consisted of free Co3O4 on Ti plate and cobalt molybdenum oxide composite on Ti plate. EPMA indicate that the samples contain Co, Ti, O and/or Mo for the modified electrode.Polarization curves and OEE analysis indicate that incorporating Mo to Co electrode enhances efficiency and reduces resistance. Additionally, the resulting electrode composition exhibits a porous structure expecting high performance in electrolysis. Mo addition led to a decrease in polarization potential, and the analysis of polarization curves showed that Mo addition increased the specific conductivity of the oxide. The value of the OEE is 18.98% for Co-Mo electrode compared to 13.15% for only Co electrode.Durability tests were conducted to evaluate the stability of both electrodes at a current density of 1000 A/m² over an extended period. The results indicate that the Co-Mo electrode exhibits inferior stability for two weeks and higher OEE compared to Co electrode under the same operating conditions.

Overlap syndromes in sarcoidosis: Unveiling the masquerader

As a multi system granulomatous disease, clinical presentations of sarcoidosis are highly variable. In the absence of a stereotypical clinical presentation such as asymptomatic bilateral hilar adenopathy, Lofgren's syndrome, or lupus pernio, a diagnosis of sarcoidosis typically requires 1) compatible clinical presentation, 2) histologic evidence of granulomatous inflammation, and 3) the exclusion of other causes. The clinical presentation of sarcoidosis is often nonspecific and a variety of other causes of granulomatous inflammation can make diagnosing sarcoidosis a challenge for clinicians. “Overlap syndromes” are often used to describe clinical presentations of sarcoidosis that share histologic and clinical features of other diseases, or when the diagnosis of sarcoidosis is made in association with the coexistence of another diagnosis with similar clinical or histologic findings. Because of the risk of diagnostic delay and diagnostic errors, it is vital for clinicians to be familiar with overlap syndromes in sarcoidosis. The coexistence of sarcoidosis with other diseases can also significantly impact disease management and outcomes. This article will review the most current published data on overlap syndromes in sarcoidosis to aid clinicians in diagnosing and managing these complex patients.

Using image-based inspection data to improve response predictions of earthquake-damaged unreinforced masonry buildings

Explicit representation of uncertainties is essential to improve the reliability of seismic assessments of earthquake-damaged buildings, particularly when dealing with unreinforced masonry buildings. Modern inspection techniques use images for detecting and quantifying the damage to a structure. Based on the principle of falsification, this paper evaluates how the use of information of damage that is obtained from images taken on earthquake-damaged buildings reduces the uncertainty when predicting the seismic response under a future earthquake. New model falsification criteria use information on the residual state of a building, such as shear cracks, residual roof displacements, and observation of out-of-plane failure. To demonstrate the effectiveness of these criteria in reducing the uncertainty in response predictions, results from a four-story unreinforced masonry building stiffened with reinforced concrete walls, which was experimentally tested under a sequence of ground motions, are assessed. Three commonly used modeling approaches (single degree of freedom (DOF) systems, multi DOF systems with four DOFs, and equivalent frame models) are used, where uncertainties in model parameters and model bias are included and propagated through the analysis. Out of the models used, and in the absence of any additional source of information, the proposed falsification criteria are most effective in connection with the equivalent frame model because this model can simulate the response at the element-level, while the simpler models can only represent the global response or the response at the storey-level. The results show that when using only the information on the presence of shear cracks, which might be the first and only source of information after an earthquake, the effectiveness of model falsification is increased, thus reducing the uncertainty in model parameter values and seismic response predictions through the use of image-based inspection.

Macro- and Microstructural White Matter Differences in Neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Neuropsychiatric complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, also known as neurologic postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (NeuroPASC), affect 10%-60% of infected individuals. There is growing evidence that NeuroPASC is a multi system immune dysregulation disease affecting the brain. The behavioral manifestations of NeuroPASC, such as impaired processing speed, executive function, memory retrieval, and sustained attention, suggest widespread WM involvement. Although previous work has documented WM damage following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, its involvement in NeuroPASC is less clear. We hypothesized that macrostructural and microstructural WM differences in NeuroPASC participants would accompany cognitive and immune system differences. In a cross-sectional study, we screened a total of 159 potential participants and enrolled 72 participants, with 41 asymptomatic controls (NoCOVID) and 31 NeuroPASC participants matched for age, sex, and education. Exclusion criteria included neurologic disorders unrelated to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Assessments included clinical symptom questionnaires, psychometric tests, brain MRI measures, and peripheral cytokine levels. Statistical modeling included separate multivariable regression analyses of GM/WM/CSF volume, WM microstructure, cognitive, and cytokine concentration between-group differences. NeuroPASC participants had larger cerebral WM volume than NoCOVID controls (β = 0.229; 95% CI: 0.017-0.441; t = 2.16; P = .035). The most pronounced effects were in the prefrontal and anterior temporal WM. NeuroPASC participants also exhibited higher WM mean kurtosis, consistent with ongoing neuroinflammation. NeuroPASC participants had more self-reported symptoms, including headache, and lower performance on measures of attention, concentration, verbal learning, and processing speed. A multivariate profile analysis of the cytokine panel showed different group cytokine profiles (Wald-type-statistic = 44.6, P = .046), with interferon (IFN)-λ1 and IFN-λ2/3 levels higher in the NeuroPASC group. NeuroPASC participants reported symptoms of lower concentration, higher fatigue, and impaired cognition compatible with WM syndrome. Psychometric testing confirmed these findings. NeuroPASC participants exhibited larger cerebral WM volume and higher WM mean kurtosis than NoCOVID controls. These findings suggest that immune dysregulation could influence WM properties to produce WM volume increases and consequent cognitive effects and headaches. Further work will be needed to establish mechanistic links among these variables.

Performance analysis of multi turbines and SOFC combined power generation system for hypersonic vehicles

Scramjets are one of the most promising propulsion systems for hypersonic vehicles, but their application in vehicles with long-endurance is limited by electricity supply issue. This study proposes a combined power generation system based on solid oxide fuel cells and turbines for efficient power generation and energy cascade utilization. A lumped parameter model coupling proposed system and scramjet is developed for performance evaluation. Results indicate that in the process of energy cascade utilization, more pressure energy is utilized by turbines rather than fuel cells could enhance the electric power, and the system under the optimal energy cascade utilization condition obtain 537.13 kW of electric power and maintain the efficiency of fuel cells at 56.79 %. Further, for the system under optimal energy cascade utilization, there exists an optimal fuel utilization ratio of the fuel cells (0.7) which maximizes the electric power (539.37 kW), and the system electric power increases with decreasing current density of the fuel cells. Finally, the effect of power generation on propulsion is not significant. The maximum decrease in specific thrust and specific impulse is less than 0.4 % and 0.8 % per 100 kW power generation respectively. This research provides a novel scheme to achieve power generation for hypersonic vehicles.

Recovery of synchronized oscillations on multiplex networks by tuning dynamical time scales

The heterogeneity among interacting dynamical systems or variations in the pattern of their interactions occur naturally in many real complex systems. Often they lead to partially synchronized states like chimeras or oscillation suppressed states like in-homogeneous or homogeneous steady states. In such cases, it is a challenge to get synchronized oscillations in spite of prevailing heterogeneity. In this study, we present a formalism for controlling multi layer, multi timescale systems and show how synchronized oscillations can be restored by tuning the dynamical time scales between the layers. Specifically, we use the model of a multiplex network, where the first layer of coupled oscillators is multiplexed with an environment layer, that can generate various types of chimera states and suppressed states. We show that by tuning the time scale mismatch between the layers, we can revive the synchronized oscillations. We analyse the nature of the transition of the system to synchronization from various dynamical states and the role of time scale mismatch and strength of inter layer coupling in this scenario. We also consider a three-layer multiplex system, where two system layers interact with the common environment layer. In this case, we observe anti synchronization and in-homogeneous steady states on the system layers and by tuning their time scale difference with the environment layer, they undergo transition to synchronized oscillations.

Development of multi droplet-based electricity generator system for energy harvesting improvement from a single droplet

Abstract Due to high output performance, the droplet-based electricity generator (DEG) is garnering attention as a promising alternative power source for small electronic devices. Accordingly, to utilize the DEG as a power source, the efforts to boost the output have focused on methods to modify material modification and introduce surface structure. However, the behavior feature that the reconfigured droplet falls after the DEG operation leaves room for one more droplet energy harvesting from a single droplet. Here, a multi DEG system (MDEG) constructed with multiple DEG units is proposed to harvest more energy from a single droplet. The continuous movement of a water droplet is realized through the inclined stair structure of the MDEG, resulting in electrical energy generation from a single water droplet as many times as it falls. In particular, 2-step MDEG consisting of two DEG units can have 45% higher performance than a single DEG. Therefore, this study implies a contribution to the development of DEGs by considering the droplet dynamics, which has been overlooked in existing DEG studies.

Attitude collaborative control strategy for space gravitational wave detection

This paper proposes a high-precision attitude cooperative control strategy for three spacecraft in space gravitational wave detection. Firstly, based on the layout of optical components on the spacecraft and factors such as external interference and model uncertainty, a relative attitude model based on the Euler angle is constructed for the characteristics of small angle motion in differential wavefront sensing mode. Secondly, aiming at the cooperative control problem of multi drag-free attitude control system after the laser link capture between two spacecraft is completed, an attitude control method based on consensus mode cooperative control strategy is proposed. It combines local neighbourhood error from star sensing and differential wavefront sensing with an adaptive controller for equilateral triangle configuration control. Additionally, a cooperative control strategy based on laser measurement information is established to improve control accuracy by avoiding star sensors with low accuracy. Simulation results indicate that the control accuracy of the consistency mode and its sub-mode laser measurement mode is superior to the master-slave and cyclic modes, achieving better than 5×10−6 rad. The laser measurement mode demonstrates the highest accuracy, with relative attitude control accuracy reaching 1.5×10−7 rad, meeting the requirements for space gravitational wave detection.

The ADVanced Organ Support (ADVOS) hemodialysis system removes IL-6: an in vitro proof-of-concept study

BackgroundIL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine modulating inflammation and metabolic pathways. Its proinflammatory effect plays a significant role in organ failure pathogenesis, commonly elevated in systemic inflammatory conditions. Extracorporeal blood purification devices, such as the Advanced Organ Support (ADVOS) multi hemodialysis system, might offer potential in mitigating IL-6's detrimental effects, yet its efficacy remains unreported.MethodsWe conducted a proof-of-concept in vitro study to assess the ADVOS multi system's efficacy in eliminating IL-6. Varying concentrations of IL-6 were introduced into a swine blood model and treated with ADVOS multi for up to 12 h, employing different blood and concentrate flow rates. IL-6 reduction rate, clearance, and dynamics in blood and dialysate were analyzed.ResultsIL-6 clearance rates of 0.70 L/h and 0.42 L/h were observed in 4 and 12-h experiments, respectively. No significant differences were noted across different initial concentrations. Reduction rates ranged between 40 and 46% within the first 4 h, increasing up to 72% over 12 h, with minimal impact from flow rate variations. Our findings suggest that an IL-6-albumin interaction and convective filtration are implicated in in vitro IL-6 elimination with ADVOS multi.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates for the first time an efficient and continuous in vitro removal of IL-6 by ADVOS multi at low blood flow rates. Initial concentration-dependent removal transitions to more consistent elimination over time. Further clinical investigations are imperative for comprehensive data acquisition.

Power regulation of variable speed multi rotor wind systems using fuzzy cascaded control

Power quality is a crucial determinant for integrating wind energy into the electrical grid. This integration necessitates compliance with certain standards and levels. This study presents cascadedfuzzy power control (CFPC) for a variable-speed multi-rotor wind turbine (MRWT) system. Fuzzy logic is a type of smart control system already recognized for its robustness, making it highly suited and reliable for generating electrical energy from the wind. Therefore, the CFPC technique is proposed in this work to control the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based MRWT system. This proposed strategy is applied to the rotor side converter of a DFIG to improve the current/power quality. The proposed control has the advantage of being model-independent, as it relies on empirical knowledge rather than the specific characteristics of the DFIG or turbine. Moreover, the proposed control system is characterized by its simplicity, high performance, robustness, and ease of application. The implementation of CFPC management for 1.5 MW DFIG-MRWT was carried out in MATLAB environment considering a variable wind speed. The obtained results were compared with the direct power control (DPC) technique based on proportional-integral (PI) controllers (DPC-PI), highlighting that the CFPC technique reduced total harmonic distortion by high ratios in the three tests performed (25%, 30.18%, and 47.22%). The proposed CFPC technique reduced the response time of reactive power in all tests by ratios estimated at 83.76%, 65.02%, and 91.42% compared to the DPC-PI strategy. Also, the active power ripples were reduced by satisfactory proportions (37.50%, 32.20%, and 38.46%) compared to the DPC-PI strategy. The steady-state error value of reactive power in the tests was low when using the CFPC technique by 86.60%, 57.33%, and 72.26%, which indicates the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed CFPC technique in improving the characteristics of the system. Thus this control can be relied upon in the future.

A case report on melioidosis

Melioidosis is a rare multi system involving infectious disease caused by This case report is on a 60year old male patient who was presented with long history of intermittent fever. We reviewed literature on and management.

An Object Based Decision Support Protocol for Multi- Constraint Agile Digital Forensics Investigation

The recent scenarios expressing live digital forensics and its applications in security domain with multiple constraint-based analysis. Many digital forensic tools available in the market helps to make a good analysis of various digital forensic situations but the awareness of the situation-based decision making is still an unsolvable issue in many critical forensic cases. As the digital forensic domain increases its scope to various business and computer related industries, leading market investors and the employees are much aware about the digital crimes and its prevention. Here in this article, we proposed a new protocol which can help the decision making of sensitive digital forensic cases by the involvement of various constraint-based evaluation. A multi constraint operational system proposed here for live digital forensic and the decision support system takes an object parameter while the decision-making procedure is implemented. Thus, the protocol introduced here may carry a set of rules where the object formation and decision support constraints bind together and it may reply on the digital forensic tool integration. The characteristics of this protocol is mainly distributed for situation awareness criterion evaluation and modelled to limit the amount of data retrieval and its acquisition. categorical acquisition of digital evidences through time, duration, devices involved, wings of affect, cause of the target, hacker/attacker/affected user, kind of attack are the constraints to be solved through this prototype. The focus of this prototype is for dynamic digital forensics instead classic forensics conducted on switched off devices. This protocol supports the standard organizational formats to follow the forensic procedures in which a detailed recommendations and documentation from various organizations. The standardized formats of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), International Standards Organization (ISO), Global Professional Information Community (AIIM) and American Society for Testing and Materials (now ASTM International) into considered while developing this protocol.

Follow Up of Cardiovascular Affection in Covid-19 Pediatrics Survivors

Abstract Background Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 is a rare complication of (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Presenting (4–6) weeks after infection as high fever, organ dysfunction, and strongly elevated markers of inflammation which is mostly due to post infection immune reaction. Aim of the Work to evaluate cardiac outcomes 6 months after initial presentation with MIS-C associated with cardiac affection. Patients and Methods This was a retrospective cohort study on 28 patients (19 boys & 9 girls) who were diagnosed as multi system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) related to COVID19 six months ago at children`s hospital, Ain shams university from January 2021 to October 2021. All patients were subjected to the following: (demographic data, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory investigations) in the acute phase (obtained from patient’s medical records) and at follow up after 6- months. Results in our study all patients fulfilled criteria of MIS-C presented with fever, shock or cardiac dysfunction and gastrointestinal symptoms in addition to conjunctivitis and skin rash. Our patients were presented with hypotension with mean systolic blood pressure (87) mmHg & mean diastolic blood pressure (48) mmHg. Regarding symptoms: vomiting was seen in (60.7%), diarrhea in (32.1%), conjunctivitis in (82.1%) and cardiovascular abnormalities were seen in (100%) in the form of (myocardial dysfunction in (50%), coronary dilatation in (28.8%), valvular regurgitation in (100%) and pericardial effusion in (7.2%)). After 6 months there was significant improvement regarding vital signs. Regarding laboratory findings: at time of presentation most of the patients had high CRP, high troponin, and high CK-MB. On follow up after 6 months, all patients had normal values. Conclusion Our follow up study suggests that functional recovery and coronary outcomes are good in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Management, Outcome, Risk, and Expectation Classification for Structural Fetal Anomalies to Aid Antenatal Counseling: A Systematic Review.

The aim of this study was to propose Management, Outcome, Risk, and Expectation (MORE) as a risk based stratification to aid in antenatal parental counseling and decision making through a systematic review of published literature. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses compliant systematic review was conducted to include articles that covered antenatal counseling of pediatric surgical conditions. The following information was solicited for each anomaly: primary organ syste*-m of involvement, single or multi system anomaly, natural history of the disease, standard management of the anomaly, need for antenatal intervention, and whether the anomaly requires any alteration in the obstetric management. Twenty two studies were identified fulfilling the inclusion criteria, between 1993 and 2023. Only two studies were found to have GRADE A recommendation and Level I evidence. Most of the studies were review articles/ survey, and 6 studies were found to be retrospective observational studies. Based on the analysis of the solicited information, the anomalies were stratified into a group subsequently maturing them into a simplified MORE classification scheme which stressed the importance of Management (10, 45.45%), Outcome (9, 40.90%), Risk (9, 40.90%), and Expectation (10, 45.45%) categories during antenatal counseling. MORE classification of fetal structural anomalies is a simple but comprehensive framework to assist the physicians and other medical personnel antenatal parental counseling and decision making.

Energy and exergoeconomic analyses of parallel cross feed multi effect desalination system driven by twin-screw compressor with water injection

This work proposes the design of a parallel cross-feed multi-effect desalination system with a twin-screw compressor, incorporating water injection to enhance system performance. The improvement is achieved by injecting water during the compression process to increase the isentropic efficiency of compression. The mathematical model is solved using Engineering Equation Solver software, and the resulting mass and energy balance equations are validated against literature data. The system is analyzed and evaluated from energy, exergy, and exergy-economic perspectives, and compared with the performance of the conventional configuration in terms of specific power consumption, exergy efficiency, and cost of produced water. The impact of various operating conditions, such as the number of effects, steam temperature, compressor efficiency, and injection pressure, on specific power consumption, exergy efficiency, exergy destruction, and final product cost, is examined in this study. Additionally, factors like interest rate, plant life expectancy, and electricity cost are investigated for their effect on the final product cost. The study demonstrates that replacing the normal compressor with a twin-screw compressor result in more than a 15 % reduction in specific power consumption, approximately 4 % less exergy destruction (indicating higher exergy efficiency), and a 14 % lower unit cost of freshwater.

Acute Kidney Injury in ARDS: Insights into Physiology and Pathology

Abstract: Acute kidney injury is a common problem in the critically ill patient. It is often part of the multi system organ failure syndrome where other organs such as the lungs are involved. In the critically ill patient, primary pathology in one organ can affect other organs, and systemic illness can affect both at the same time. In this review article, we closely examine the definition and stages of dysfunction in lungs and kidneys and the relationship between the physiology and pathology of these two organs as they interact and affect each other in the critically ill patient. We also seek to understand the effects common intensive care units interventions have on both those organs, with a special emphasis on external life support devices such as mechanical ventilation, dialysis and extracorporeal membranous oxygenation.

Data mining based on computer game search algorithm in Japanese E-learning and multi context translation

With the continuous expansion of the translation market, users’ demand for translation tools such as computer software is also increasing, resulting in various machine translation technologies and methods. Japanese translation, as one of the important components of Chinese publicity work, has strong professionalism and complexity. In practice, how to effectively improve the translation quality of Japanese translation models using computer technology has always been a research issue of great concern. Based on this, we propose a game search algorithm and use it as a prototype to improve the algorithm. Then, a data mining model was established that can effectively improve search performance. This model solves the above problems by introducing genetic algorithms and dynamic programming theory. At the same time, in order to further improve the efficiency of existing data mining algorithms, we need to explore more efficient methods and strategies. After experimental verification, the four data mining models proposed in this article perform the best in numerical fitting. Overall, in Japanese multi context translation systems, the use of data mining techniques based on computer game search algorithms can provide more accurate and matching related translations. Compared to traditional Japanese translation software, it has higher quality and efficiency.

The MD-BK-means Construction Method for Library Reader Portraits

Due to the rapid development of internet technology, knowledge acquisition has become more convenient and efficient in network operations. University libraries serve as important resources for readers to acquire knowledge, and online resources and services in libraries have become the main direction for readers to acquire knowledge at present. Research the use of binary K-means clustering algorithm and library reader portrait technology to optimize the design of the reader portrait module and construct a multidimensional and multi perspective reader feature system. Reuse Spark programming language and support vector machine to perform computational processing on reader profile data to ensure accurate segmentation of the dataset. Finally, three datasets were used to test the accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm. The experimental comparison shows that the mining and precision segmentation of parallel SVM on the dataset are 93.20%, 85.16%, and 79.35% on the sample set, respectively, in order to optimize the mining performance of the data. The MD multi view binary K-means algorithm has a total Mahalanobis distance of 3.543, 5.268, and 22.385 on the sample dataset, respectively, to demonstrate its superiority in clustering performance. Therefore, the multi view binary K-means algorithm based on Mahalanobis distance has high advantages in reader portrait technology design, and provides technical support and theoretical reference for library reader portrait technology.

Characterization of ribostamycin and its impurities using a nano-quantity analyte detector: Systematic comparison of performance among three different aerosol detectors

Characterization of aminoglycoside antibiotics like ribostamycin is important due to the complex composition and common toxic impurities. Aerosol detectors are often employed for determination of these non-absorbent analytes. In this work, a robust and cost-effective method was developed for simultaneous detection of ribostamycin and its related substances using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a relative new aerosol detector named nano-quantity analyte detector (NQAD). With the introduction of less toxic but more compatible ion-pairs pentafluoropropionic acid (PFPA) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the eluent, an optimized separation effect was achieved. Compared with the other two aerosol detectors namely ELSD (evaporative light scattering detector) and CAD (charged aerosol detector), method verification and quantitative detection results revealed that NQAD had higher sensitivity than ELSD with a 0.8 μg/mL limit of detection, as well as wider linear range (from 2 μg/mL to 1000 μg/mL) than both CAD (from 2 μg/mL to 200 μg/mL) and ELSD (from 8 μg/mL to 200 μg/mL) detector. The performance of NQAD helped to realize detection of ribostamycin and its impurities with significant concentration differences in a single run. With a cation suppressor to eliminate the ion-suppression caused by the ion-pairs in the eluent, the structure of nine impurities in ribostamycin sample was characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrum (LC-MS). Both external standard and area normalization calculation were investigated, and NQAD obtained more accurate results due to its full-range linear response-to-concentration relationship, providing an alternative for routine quality control of multi analyte systems.

Design and Simulation of Multi Unmanned Boat Cooperative Obstacle Avoidance System Based on 5G Edge Computing

Background:: Compared to single unmanned boat, multi unmanned boats have more flexible mobility and efficient task completion capabilities, which can effectively expand the types of tasks. However, the traditional independent path planning and obstacle avoidance methods of unmanned boats are difficult to meet the requirements of collaborative operation among multiple unmanned boats due to the lack of information exchange. Objective:: According to the actual demand of multi unmanned boats' cooperative operation, a method of multi unmanned boats cooperative obstacle avoidance based on 5G edge computing is proposed to realize the unified planning and scheduling of multi unmanned boats. Methods:: Firstly, 5G technology and Kubeedge edge computing tools are used to build a multi unmanned boat collaborative obstacle avoidance system based on cloud, edge and end collaboration, and the Kubeedge edge computing platform was optimized by optimizing communication strategies, building a highly available Kubeedge cluster, building a Harbor image center, and using Web management interfaces further to improve the reliability and stability of the system. Secondly, the YOLOR-Deepport multi-target recognition and tracking algorithm based on cloud, edge and end collaborative network is used to complete the recognition and tracking tasks of obstacle targets, and a set of EECBS path planning methods based on the Kubedge centralized control platform is designed to plan collision-free and efficient paths for each unmanned boat in realtime. Finally, the effectiveness of the system was verified through simulation experiments. Results:: The experimental results show that compared to the traditional autonomous planning obstacle avoidance method for unmanned boats, the collaborative planning obstacle avoidance method proposed in this paper can exhibit excellent performance in dense and narrow scenarios, with a more reasonable navigation path, a range reduction of 20% - 50%, and higher safety. Conclusion:: The results show that the cooperative obstacle avoidance system based on 5G edge computing designed in the paper is feasible, and it can effectively realize the cooperative path planning and obstacle avoidance of multi unmanned boats.