Multi-stakeholder Perspective Research Articles

Advertising in the metaverse and its implications for brands and society: A multi-stakeholder perspective

The aim of this paper is to identify the characteristics of advertising in the metaverse and its implications for brands and society. A group of 35 experts representing advertising agencies and brands from Central and Eastern Europe were interviewed. The findings are presented in the form of a conceptual model that provides a cartography for the landscape of metaverse advertising. Our results demonstrate that metaverse advertising uses existing formats (e.g. billboards, product placement), while also developing new ones (e.g. automated avatars, virtual products, and branded spaces). In addition, metaverse advertising is more focused on brand building than on direct, measurable impact. Advertising in the metaverse is not as precisely targeted as it is on the internet. Given their high up-front costs, these activities are currently more suitable for multinationals and well-known global brands. Metaverse advertising is not perceived to be associated with elevated brand risk. However it is burdened with myopia, understood as a lack of long-term perspective. Our findings reveal three stakeholder personas representing different approaches to metaverse advertising; including Cautious Pioneers, Empathic Pragmatists, and Blockchain Enthusiasts. We conclude by documenting the social consequences, capturing shifts towards automated communication, digital ownership, and the metaverse's potential to replace social media.

Multistakeholder perspectives on ensuring quality in professional community pharmacy services: insights from nominal group discussions in England

Multistakeholder perspectives on ensuring quality in professional community pharmacy services: insights from nominal group discussions in England

The Role of Stewards of Trust in Facilitating Trust in Science: A Multistakeholder View

AbstractTrust in science post-Covid appears to be a complex matter. On the one hand, the COVID-19 pandemic added value to the epistemic trustworthiness of scientific opinion and its potential to drive evidence-based policies, while it also spurred scientific distrust and societal polarization (e.g., vaccines), especially on social media. In this work we sought to understand the ways in which trust in science might be bolstered by adopting a multistakeholder perspective. This objective was achieved by considering stakeholders’ views on (a) how perceived key actors affect trust in science, and (b) what proposed actions can be taken by each actor identified. Data were collected using 16 focus groups and 10 individual interviews across different European contexts with general public (n = 66), journalists (n = 23) and scientists (n = 35), and were analysed using thematic analysis. Regarding how perceived key actors affect trust in science, participants viewed policymakers, media, scientific and social media actors as occupying a dual function (facilitators and hinderers of trust in science), and pointed to the value of multi-actor collaboration. Regarding what actions should be taken for enhancing trust in science, participants indicated the value of enhancing understanding of scientific integrity and practices, through science literacy and science communication, and also pointed to social media platform regulation. Implications stemming from the data are discussed, considering how multiple identified stewards of trust can contribute to an ecosystem of trust.

Policy Sandboxing: Empathy As An Enabler Towards Inclusive Policy-Making

Digitally-supported participatory methods are often used in policy-making to develop inclusive policies by collecting and integrating citizen's opinions. However, these methods fail to capture the complexity and nuances in citizen's needs, i.e., citizens are generally unaware of other's needs, perspectives, and experiences. Consequently, policies developed with this underlying gap tend to overlook the alignment of multistakeholder perspectives, and design policies based on the optimization of high-level demographic features. In our contribution, we propose a method to enable citizens understand other's perspectives and calibrate their positions. First, we collected requirements and design principles to develop our approach by involving stakeholders and experts in policymaking in a series of workshops. Then, we conducted a crowdsourcing study with 420 participants to compare the effect of different text and images, on people's initial and final motivations and their willingness to change opinions. We observed that both influence participant's opinion change, however, the effect is more pronounced for textual modality. Finally, we discuss overarching implications of designing with empathy to mediate alignment of citizen's perspectives.

Factors affecting the feasibility of post-authorisation RCTs for conditionally authorised anticancer medicines: a multistakeholder perspective from a qualitative focus group study

ObjectiveThe collection of comprehensive data from post-authorisation trials for conditionally authorised anticancer medicines is frequently delayed. This raises questions about the feasibility of post-authorisation randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that aim...

Promoting Health and Wellbeing Through Non-Clinical Arts Programming: Multi-Stakeholder Perspectives From the Veterans Health Administration.

While the value of art therapy is well-established and arts are increasingly leveraged to promote health and wellbeing more broadly, little is known about the impacts of non-clinical arts programs. In this preliminary investigation, we sought to fill this gap by exploring diverse stakeholders' perspectives on the impacts of non-clinical arts programming on Veterans receiving care at the Veterans Health Administration (VA). Semi-structured qualitative interviews with Veterans, VA staff, and community partners. Interviewees were recruited from 7 VA medical centers that have recently implemented non-clinical arts programming to promote Veterans' health and wellbeing, some of them in partnership with community organizations. 33 individuals were interviewed, including 9 Veterans, 14 VA staff, and 10 community partners involved in non-clinical arts program implementation. Interview transcripts were analyzed using iterative rounds of qualitative content analysis. The following impacts on Veterans were described: (1) mental health improvements, (2) renewed sense of purpose; (3) increased social connectedness, (4) improved self-esteem, and (5) self-driven engagement in art activities. Non-clinical arts programming was perceived by diverse stakeholders to offer important benefits for Veterans' health and well-being. Offering non-clinical arts programming inside and outside healthcare facilities' walls is a promising direction for the field of public health undergoing a shift towards holistic approaches to improving individual and population health outcomes.

Exploring the Digital Transformation of Generative AI-Assisted Foreign Language Education: A Socio-Technical Systems Perspective Based on Mixed-Methods

This study investigates the complex dynamics and impacts of generative AI integration in foreign language education through the lens of the Generative AI-assisted Foreign Language Education Socio-Technical System (GAIFL-STS) model. Employing an integrated mixed-methods design, the study combines qualitative case studies and hybrid simulation modeling to examine the affordances, challenges, and implications of AI adoption from a multi-level, multi-dimensional, and multi-stakeholder perspective. The qualitative findings, based on interviews, observations, and document analyses, reveal the transformative potential of generative AI in enhancing language learning experiences, as well as the social, cultural, and ethical tensions that arise in the process. The quantitative results, derived from system dynamics and agent-based modeling, provide a systemic and dynamic understanding of the key variables, feedback loops, and emergent properties that shape the trajectories and outcomes of AI integration. The integrated findings offer valuable insights into the strategies, practices, and policies that can support the effective, equitable, and responsible implementation of AI in language education.

Development of a digital Net-Map tool to analyse multi-stakeholder networks in risk analysis of emerging food safety issues

The circular economy brings sustainability benefits but also causes potential food safety issues as recycling can introduce new contaminants to food contact materials. These circular food safety issues cause changes in the risk analysis network. So far, social network analysis studies relevant to food safety investigated specific parts of the risk analysis network (such as risk assessment) and its formal stakeholders such as Food Safety Authorities. However, the risk analysis network also consists informal stakeholders, each with their own knowledge and views. A comprehensive analysis of risk analysis networks addressing circularity-related food safety issues from a multi-stakeholder perspective is yet lacking. This study aimed to explore the complex risk analysis network for paper recycling in Belgium. An adjusted and digitalised network mapping methodology, Net-Mapping, was developed to identify the stakeholders, to assess their goals and influence, to determine the different linkages types between them, and to elicit constraints. Forty-one identified stakeholders from science, policy, and society were interconnected through four linkage types (‘legally required information sharing’, ‘voluntary information sharing’, ‘data generation request’, and ‘public communication’). Results show federal policy stakeholders are central in all networks, whereas science and society stakeholders gain influence in the informal networks. Barriers hindering collaboration in the networks are a lack of data and challenges in information exchange. The Net-Mapping insights can assist scientists in gathering risk assessment data, guide policymakers in targeting interventions, and raise stakeholder awareness of collaborations. Future research could compare risk analysis networks across countries for the same food safety issue, or examine the risk analysis networks for different food safety issues in the same country.

Development of a core outcome set for neonatal septic shock management: a study protocol

BackgroundNeonatal septic shock represents a critical and life-threatening condition that necessitates immediate and personalized interventions. Prior research endeavors have been undertaken to inform the optimization of neonatal septic shock management, yet substantial heterogeneity prevails in the selection, measurement, and reporting of outcomes across relevant studies. The heterogeneity in outcome selections and measures impedes the comparability of results and the synthesis of evidence, thus contributing to suboptimal utilization of research findings. This protocol presents the methodology for identifying and developing a Core Outcome Set for Neonatal Septic Shock Management (COS-NSS), intended for use in both research and routine clinical practice.A rigorous four-stage approach will be employed to develop the COS-NSS. In Stage 1, a scoping review will be conducted to compile a list of currently reported outcomes for neonatal septic shock management. Stage 2 will involve an expert stakeholder meeting using a semi-structured discussion approach to elucidate all identified outcomes and outcome domains, as well as to gather any additional outcomes. Moving to Stage 3, a two-round e-Delphi survey involving a wide variety of stakeholders will be undertaken to elicit diverse perspectives on the level of importance assigned to each proposed outcome. Finally, in Stage 4, the results of the Delphi study will be discussed in a consensus meeting to determine and agree on the final list of outcomes that will constitute the COS-NSS.DiscussionThe stagewise approach integrates research evidence with multi-stakeholder perspectives to establish standardized outcomes that would improve consistency across neonatal septic shock trials. The development and uptake of the COS-NSS will facilitate effective comparison of studies, allowing for study synthesis and generation of high-quality evidence, thus ultimately fostering enhanced medical care for neonates suffering from septic shock.Trial registrationCore Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) Initiative database registration: 2766. Registered on July 19th, 2023.

3.B. Scientific session: Why do we need clear understanding of digital public health interventions?

Abstract The rapid proliferation of digital technologies in health and public health has led to various terms and concepts, often used interchangeably or inconsistently. This ambiguity hampers communication, complicates research efforts, and undermines the effectiveness and adaptation of interventions. Without a clear understanding of such concepts, stakeholders face difficulties using, evaluating, and regulating digital public health (DiPH) initiatives. Thus, there is an urgent need to establish a common language - across academic disciplines and in the science-to-practice/policy transfer - to foster collaboration, ensure accountability, and maximize the impact of DiPH interventions globally. This workshop highlights the need for a cross-sectoral understanding of terms and concepts related to DiPH interventions. For this, we identify effective strategies for engaging diverse populations in DiPH interventions, considering accessibility, usability, and cultural sensitivity. Additionally, we present how a more precise understanding of these concepts will impact positive population-health outcomes of DiPH interventions. Finally, we discuss DiPH terminology enhancement regarding data protection, highlighting the boundaries of digital interventions within and outside health policies and public health systems, given the diversity of the legal frameworks applicable in either case. We aim to facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge exchange, fostering a shared understanding of terminology and best practices. This will advance DiPH by promoting clarity, rigor, and transparency in research and practice. Shared understandings of key concepts will eventually enhance the design, implementation, and evaluation of DiPH interventions, leading to improved population health outcomes and informing evidence-based policymaking and regulatory frameworks. The workshop consists of four presentations and a 20-minute panel discussion on increasing understanding dissemination. The first talk highlights multi-stakeholder perspectives (including researchers, technicians, health and medical practitioners, and the general public) on the ever-changing terminology of DiPH concepts. The second presentation showcases how these varying perceptions influence the academic representation of DiPH interventions and that interventions - although summarized under the same terminology - drastically vary concerning their use case and characteristics. The third speaker will discuss why a clearer understanding of these terms is needed to increase engagement with DiPH interventions for positive population health outcomes and identify effective DiPH interventions based on evidence. The last talk explains why unclear terminology or standards threaten populations and result in over- or under-regulation of DiPH interventions. Overall, this workshop catalyzes advancing the DiPH agenda in Europe, empowering stakeholders to harness the full potential of technology for promoting population health. Key messages • When we create technical terms, it is our professional approach, characterized by our academic background. It does not necessarily transfer to other domains or the general population. • Digital Public Health can transform global healthcare. However clear & harmonized terminologies are crucial for comparing evolving technologies & paving the way for transformative digital healthcare.

Exploring a fuzzy relationships among criteria for the development of community-based tourism in Malaysia: a multi-stakeholder perspective

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to identify and analyze the fuzzy relationships among criteria for the development of community-based tourism (CBT) in Malaysia through a multi-stakeholder lens. By exploring these relationships, the study aimed to provide valuable insights for stakeholders and policymakers to enhance the sustainability and effectiveness of CBT initiatives in Malaysia. The focus was on understanding the interplay between environmental, economic and socio-cultural criteria to guide decision-making and planning processes for sustainable tourism development.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilized a quantitative approach, specifically employing a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model known as decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL). This methodology allowed for the integration of diverse perspectives from multiple stakeholders involved in CBT in Malaysia. By using DEMATEL, the researchers were able to analyze the complex relationships among sustainable criteria, identify causal factors and assess the interdependencies among environmental, economic and socio-cultural dimensions. The approach aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the criteria influencing the sustainability of CBT development in Malaysia.FindingsThe findings of the study revealed that environmental and economic factors emerged as pivotal causal criteria influencing socio-cultural outcomes in the development of CBT in Malaysia. The research highlighted the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration in building sustainability in CBT, emphasizing the need for regular meetings, shared decision-making processes and clear communication channels among all involved parties. These insights empower stakeholders to make informed decisions and prioritize criteria for sustainable CBT development, ultimately contributing to the well-being of communities, preservation of natural and cultural heritage, and long-term environmental sustainability.Research limitations/implicationsThe study's limitations include the focus on CBT in Malaysia, which may limit the generalizability of the findings to other contexts. Additionally, the research relied on a quantitative approach, potentially overlooking qualitative nuances in stakeholder perspectives. Future studies could address these limitations by exploring diverse geographical locations and incorporating qualitative methods to capture a more comprehensive understanding of sustainable criteria in CBT development. These implications suggest opportunities for further research to validate and extend the findings in different contexts and with a broader range of stakeholder perspectives.Practical implicationsThe practical implications of the study include providing guidance for tourism policymakers and key stakeholders in developing effective policy interventions for CBT in Malaysia. By understanding the complex relationships among sustainable criteria, stakeholders can make informed decisions to foster environmental, economic and socio-cultural growth in CBT initiatives. The findings offer insights for creating economic opportunities, promoting fair trade practices and enhancing linkages between CBT and local businesses. These practical implications aim to support sustainable decision-making, planning processes and implementation strategies to ensure the long-term success and positive impact of CBT in Malaysia.Social implicationsThe social implications of the study underscore the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration in CBT development in Malaysia. By engaging various stakeholders, including host communities, government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and tourists, the research promotes social cohesion, cultural exchange and community empowerment. Enhancing social interactions and mutual understanding among stakeholders can lead to inclusive decision-making processes, equitable distribution of benefits and the preservation of local heritage and traditions. These social implications emphasize the potential for CBT to contribute to social well-being, cultural preservation and sustainable development, fostering positive social impacts and strengthening community resilience.Originality/valueThe originality and value of the study lie in its exploration of the complex relationships among sustainable criteria for CBT development in Malaysia from a multi-stakeholder perspective. By utilizing the DEMATEL method and quantitative analysis, the research offers a novel approach to understanding the causal factors influencing environmental, economic and socio-cultural outcomes in CBT initiatives. The study's findings provide valuable insights for stakeholders and policymakers to make informed decisions, prioritize criteria and develop effective strategies for sustainable CBT development. This original contribution enhances the understanding of sustainable criteria relationships and empowers stakeholders to drive positive change in the tourism sector.

Interrogating the effectiveness of service engagement for underserved populations in complex health and social care systems: towards an equitable engagement strategy

There are increased sector-wide efforts within health and social care systems to engage those with lived experience in service design, delivery, and monitoring – aiming to secure more equitable health outcomes. However, critical knowledge gaps persist around how national whole-system engagement strategies can account for the challenges experienced by populations that encounter exclusion within complex multi-layered systems. This includes a failure to delineate shared challenges across groups, and to develop transferable cross-group frameworks to assist sector-wide change. There is, therefore, a danger that those groups already least heard will be collectively left behind. With a view to informing a more inclusive engagement strategy in Ireland, this national study aims to investigate multi-level (policy and strategic, operational, on-the-ground services, individual) shared challenges impacting engagement for five populations who have been identified as underserved groups in a complex health and social care system, including: (1) those who misuse drugs and alcohol, (2) those who are experiencing homelessness, (3) those experiencing mental health, (4) migrants and those of minority ethnicies, and (5) Irish Travellers. Adopting a mixed-methods approach which draws on an evidence-informed multistakeholder perspective, this study employs data from: focus groups and life-course interviews with lived-experience populations (n=136), five focus groups (n=39) and a national on-line survey (n=320) with population-specific services providers; and national-level stakeholder interviews (n=9). Two cross-group participatory consultative forums with lived-experience and provider participants (n=28) were used to co-produce priority action areas based on study findings. This article presents findings on shared challenges in engaging these groups around leadership and commitment, implementation and action, population capacities, trust, and representation, stigma, and discrimination. Derived from these challenges, six development areas are presented to advance an inclusive equitable engagement approach in Ireland. These comprise: 1) balancing top-down prioritisation, and bottom-up direction; 2) sustaining multi-level, multi-form implementation; 3) measuring effectiveness and action; 4) embedding inclusive equitable engagement; 5) trust as a prerequisite, and outcome; and 6) an equalising, agency empowering agenda.

Beyond diagnosis: using a futurist approach to improve access to radiation oncology services in South Africa

Aim Radiation oncology is an integral aspect of comprehensive cancer treatment, with approximately 50% of patients requiring curative or palliative radiotherapy intervention. In the South African public sector, radiation oncology services are constrained by various factors including service coverage, equipment and staff shortages, causing consequent delays in access to care. The National Cancer Strategic Framework for South Africa (NCSF) (2017-2022) offers strategic direction for cancer services in the country. Methods Futurist causal layered analysis (CLA) provides a comprehensive approach to exploring the multifaceted factors that influence access to radiation oncology services. Using the established layers of CLA, namely, the litany, systemic, worldview and mythical layers, the NCSF, relevant literature, and expert perspectives, were used to explore the multiple levels of influence related to radiation oncology services in South Africa. Findings Considering litany, review of process flows and radiation oncology care models could offer strategic pathways for reducing waiting times and improving access to care. From the systemic layer analysis, health system strengthening should include improving clinical governance and access to available services within both the public and private sectors. This could simultaneously address the worldview of an unconstitutional lack of access to radiation oncology care within the public health sector. The final level considered myths related to radiation oncology in South Africa, including its perceived efficacy only in advanced cancer stages, and highlighted the importance of a business case for radiation oncology services to support enhanced planning and outcomes. Conclusions CLA methodology offers new insights into the challenges and opportunities facing radiation oncology services in South Africa. By comprehensively addressing the complex causal layers impacting radiation oncology services, policymakers and stakeholders can make more informed decisions to improve access to radiation oncology care in the country. The study recommends that the entire cascade of cancer care, including treatment pathways and multi-stakeholder perspectives, should be reviewed. Internal and external factors that delay the initiation of radiotherapy should be mapped and mitigated.

How to optimize the CAR-T Cell therapy process? A group concept mapping analysis of preconditions for a frictionless process from a German multistakeholder perspective.

Treatment with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells involves a large number of interdisciplinary stakeholders and is associated with complex processes ranging from patient-specific production to follow-up care. Due to the complexity, maximum process optimization is required in order to avoid efficiency losses. This study aimed at systematically determining the preconditions for a frictionless flow of the CAR-T process by surveying the stakeholders involved. A Group Concept Mapping (GCM) analysis, a mixed-methods participatory research, was conducted. CAR-T experts from different professional backgrounds went through three steps: 1) Brainstorming relevant aspects (statements) for a frictionless process, 2) Sorting the collected statements based on their similarity, and 3) Rating the importance and feasibility of each statement. A cluster map reflecting the overarching topics was derived, and mean ratings per statement and cluster were calculated. Overall, 20 CAR-T experts participated. A total of 80 statements were collected, resulting in a map of the following 10 clusters (mean importance/feasibility): Information for patients and physicians (4.16/3.77), Supportive network (4.03/3.53), Eligibility of patients (4.41/3.63), Evidence, transparency and communication (4.01/3.33), Paperwork (4.1/2.52), Interface with pharmaceutical manufacturer (4.03/2.85), Reimbursement (4.29/2.31), Quality Management (4.17/3.18), Infrastructure of CAR-T clinics (4.1/2.93), and Patient-oriented processes (4.46/3.32). The 80 statements underlined the complex and manifold nature of the CAR-T treatment process. Our results reflect the first step in overcoming hurdles: identifying potential hurdles and required preconditions. Decision-makers and stakeholders can use the results to derive strategies and measures to further promote a frictionless process.

Navigating psychological barriers in agricultural innovation adoption: A multi-stakeholder perspective

Agricultural innovation is pivotal for enabling cleaner production within the sector. Nonetheless, smallholder farmers in the Global South encounter functional and psychological challenges impeding innovation adoption efforts. Existing literature tends to narrowly focus on common barriers associated with individual innovations, often limiting the broader significance of psychological hindrances. This study takes a unique approach by delving primarily into the realm of psychological barriers, encompassing internal challenges that impede adoption, and explores external support strategies to overcome such hindrances. A multi-stakeholder approach was employed to gather validated insights based on data from eighteen semi-structured interviews involving rice farmers and agricultural technology companies. Research findings revealed that trust, effort, attitudinal, and normative barriers are prominent psychological hindrances to innovation adoption. To this effect, pertinent enabling factors and overcoming strategies should demonstrate clear benefits, infuse trust, reduce effort requirements, and develop human capital. This research is among the first to demystify and categorise psychological barriers and corresponding overcoming strategies into an integrated framework. The resulting framework allows for a novel and comprehensive analysis of the potential strategies to overcome the psychological barriers collectively, a complex issue involving interrelations and hidden dynamics that are challenging to explore otherwise. This study contributes to the Innovation Resistance Theory through its application within the context of smallholder farmers and leads to implications to expedite the transformation towards a more sustainable and innovative agriculture sector.

“The police came in white protective suits and with batons, it was pure disaster” – a multi-stakeholder perspective on infection control in reception centers for asylum seekers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges, particularly for vulnerable populations residing in confined settings such as refugee shelters: Physical distancing measures were challenging to implement in shelters due to shared rooms or communal use of kitchens and sanitary facilities, which increased the risk of infections. Meanwhile, individuals’ capabilities for individual protection strategies were severely impaired by the structure of the shelters. Consequently, shelters had the duty to develop and implement strategies for the prevention and handling of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of refugees, NGO employees, and shelter directors regarding COVID-19-related measures in German refugee shelters. The study aimed to identify challenges and conflicts arising from implemented measures, as well as expectations for improved support during the pandemic.MethodsSemi-structured and narrative interviews were conducted with 6 refugees, 6 facility managers, 12 NGO staff, and 2 social service agency staff from February to August 2022. Qualitative content analysis was employed to analyze the data, identifying overarching themes and codes.ResultsThe study uncovered challenges and conflicts resulting from pandemic measures, particularly mass quarantine orders, within refugee shelters. Lack of transparency and ineffective communication worsened tensions, with refugees feeling distressed and anxious. The quarantine experience had a negative impact on refugees’ mental health, which was exacerbated by limited social interaction and leisure-time activities. Shelter managers encountered administrative challenges when implementing measures due to facility constraints and limited resources, while NGO employees encountered obstacles in providing immediate assistance due to legal regulations and a lack of cooperation from shelter managers.ConclusionsThe study highlights that shelters are problematic institutions from a public health perspective. It shows the importance of implementing customized pandemic interventions in refugee shelters that take account of the diverse needs and experiences of both refugee and staff. To achieve this, we recommend to establish an ethics committee and involve various stakeholders in decision-making processes. Additionally, enhancing information dissemination to promote transparency and public understanding of measures is crucial. These insights can help develop comprehensive and effective pandemic plans for refugee shelters, ensuring better preparedness for future public health crises.

Multistakeholder Perspectives on the Determinants of Family Fundamental Movement Skills Practice: A Qualitative Systematic Review.

Childhood obesity is a significant public health crisis that is exposing children to associated morbidities and premature mortality. However, parents can positively influence physical activity trajectories and improve health outcomes by nurturing fundamental movement skills (FMS) in children. This is the first study to explore the determinants of family FMS practice via a systematic synthesis of qualitative evidence. Keyword searches were completed in SPORTDiscus, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Studies that offered perspectives relating to influences on the FMS of 2-6-year-old children in the family context via qualitative approaches, including visual methodologies that provided an important voice to children, were included. A thematic analysis was used to establish key themes. The emergent themes included parent knowledge and beliefs, self-efficacy of parents to teach, and the home environment. Parents often undervalued FMS and lacked the self-efficacy to teach due to poor understanding, conflicting priorities, and multifaceted societal influences. Children preferred autonomous play and socialisation but were negatively influenced by technology and restrictive household rules. Greater knowledge exchange between stakeholders is necessary to empower parents and enhance FMS application at home. More community initiatives could facilitate greater access to outdoor spaces, facilities, and equipment, which may improve family engagement with FMS.

Lessons learnt from the implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme in the Southwest of England.

Vaccination remains one of the most successful public health interventions in preventing severe disease and death. The roll-out of Covid-19 vaccination programmes has helped protect billions of people around the world against Covid-19. Most of these programmes have been unprecedented in terms of scale and resources, and have been implemented at times of significant humanitarian crisis. This study aims to outline the lessons learnt from the implementation of a regional Covid-19 vaccination programme. These will help inform emergency preparedness and future crisis management. This qualitative study sought to explore the key drivers to the successful implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme in a region in the Southwest of England, applying the Normalisation Process Theory lens (NPT) to examine multi-stakeholder perspectives. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with 75 participants. Document analysis was also used to corroborate the findings emerging from the interviews. Inductive thematic analysis of the data was used to identify the key drivers for the successful implementation of the programme. The NPT lens was then applied to map the themes identified to the domains and constructs of the framework. Ten key drivers to the successful implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme locally were identified, including: the clarity and consistency of the programme's goal; the diverse representation of stakeholders within the programme leadership team and the mechanisms created by this team to ensure psychological safety, autonomy, operational flexibility and staff empowerment; Communication and data specialists' input, and collaboration with local communities to maximise the reach of the programme; and allocating funding to tackle health inequalities. This study highlights the lessons learnt from the implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme at a local level, and the mechanisms that can be used in future crises to respond efficiently to the needs of individuals, communities and governments.

Collaborative consensus on assistive technology impacts and outcomes: the GAATO Grand Challenges

ABSTRACT Capturing the outcomes of assistive technology (AT) is essential to know what works and what is needed. People across the globe are working to close the gap of unmet need for AT, and to enable access to quality AT products and services. Inconsistent terminology, measures and a lack of coordinated systems prevent the sharing of knowledge, and the lack of articulated global priorities limit the usefulness of data for policymakers and resource allocation decisions. This paper provides methods of a global “Grand Challenge” project, run by the Global Alliance of Assistive Technology Organizations, and describes the resulting challenges. A multiphase, mixed method approach founded on participatory principles sought to capture multi-country and multi-stakeholder perspectives “from the ground up.” A collaborative consensus method was adapted to document and distil AT challenge data from global regions, to refine this data with global stakeholder organizations, and to publish a shortlist of AT Grand Challenges. The 2022 Grand Challenges in Outcomes and Impact are 1) measuring need, 2) documenting inputs, 3) measuring outcomes, 4) measure impacts, 5) sharing data, and 6) informing policy. The challenge now remains to work together to resolve them.

Building a sustainable career during the initial transition to work: a multiple-stakeholder perspective on proactive behaviors and contextual factors

PurposeThe initial transition into work has become less predictable. Therefore, emerging adults should take charge and be proactively engaged in their careers during the preparation stage of the school-to-work transition (STWT). We explored which behaviors emerging adults display during the STWT to foster their happiness, health, and productivity, how various contextual factors enable or hinder these behaviors, and to what extent these behaviors can be considered proactive.Design/methodology/approachTaking a qualitative approach, we conducted 44 semi-structured interviews with undergraduate students at an Applied Sciences University in the Netherlands six months before graduation. Additionally, we held nine focus groups (n = 55) and four interviews (n = 6) with contextual stakeholders (i.e. parents, faculty/staff, employers, the board of the university, higher education policymakers, and the Ministry of Education).FindingsThe students mentioned three main behaviors to foster their health, happiness, and productivity, namely, eating healthy food, maintaining social contacts, and reflecting on their motivations. Our analysis shows that, conceptually, none of these behaviors can be considered truly proactive. Moreover, the findings revealed multiple systemic underlying contextual hindrances to portray these behaviors, such as educational system characteristics, which make proactive behaviors less likely.Originality/valueAs the STWT is affected by multiple contexts, adopting a multi-stakeholder perspective is imperative when studying the phenomenon. We adopted the sustainable careers framework as a lens to uncover how emerging adults may build early career sustainability—additionally, we nuance current research on proactivity by concretizing the conceptualization of proactive behaviors.