Multi-level Service Research Articles

Do hypothetical and actual service distances align for urban fringe parks? An investigation of Shanghai using big data

In China's transition from rapid urbanization to high-quality development, urban peripheral parks are increasingly crucial for ecological services and quality of life. However, a disparity persists between their intended function and actual usage, a common occurrence in megacities of China. This study aims to identify the actual service distance and accessibility of parks in fringe areas, using the southwestern sector of Shanghai's main urban fringe as an example. By utilizing mobile location data, it explores the multilevel service attributes of urban fringe parks. Analyzing spatial characteristics from the perspectives of clustering distances and life circle service capabilities, it concludes that: 1) fringe parks exhibit lower service capacities compared to central ones, mainly providing routine services; 2) fixed service range models are inadequate, especially for fringe parks; and 3) community and district-level parks have comparable service distances, highlighting the need to enhance district-level parks. This research aims to optimize park site selection and functions in urban peripheries, providing insights for sustainable planning.

Reference and Bibliographic Services in Foreign National Libraries (Organizational Aspect)

Digitalization is changing the environment in which libraries operate. The processes of production, storage, dissemination and use of information are undergoing significant changes. Reference and bibliographic service in the operational mode “request — response” is the most sensitive to the ongoing transformations. The problem of developing an optimal functional and organisational model of reference and bibliographic service is of particular relevance. The article is devoted to the review and analysis of the organisation of reference and bibliographic services in ten national libraries of the world on the basis of monitoring of official sites. The author defines the main forms of reference and bibliographic services, communication channels and ways of interaction of reference and bibliographic services with users. Special attention is paid to the currently dominant multilevel service model and its modifications. The problem of the crisis of reference bureau — stationary point of reference and bibliographic service is considered as a private one. The main tendencies of modernization of reference and bibliographic service in the digital age are revealed. The key drivers of change, in the author’s opinion, are the desire to link the library more closely to institutional strategy and to provide enhanced research support to those who need it.

Core Components and Implementation Determinants of Multilevel Service Delivery Frameworks Across Child Mental Health Service Settings.

Multilevel service delivery frameworks are approaches to structuring and organizing a spectrum of evidence-based services and supports, focused on assessment, prevention, and intervention designed for the local context. Exemplar frameworks in child mental health include positive behavioral interventions and supports in education, collaborative care in primary care, and systems of care in community mental health settings. Yet, their high-quality implementation has lagged. This work proposes a conceptual foundation for multilevel service delivery frameworks spanning diverse mental health service settings that can inform development of strategic implementation supports. We draw upon the existing literature for three exemplar multilevel service delivery frameworks in different child mental health service settings to (1) identify core components common to each framework, and (2) to highlight prominent implementation determinants that interface with each core component. Six interrelated components of multilevel service delivery frameworks were identified, including, (1) a systems-level approach, (2) data-driven problem solving and decision-making, (3) multiple levels of service intensity using evidence-based practices, (4) cross-linking service sectors, (5) multiple providers working together, including in teams, and (6) built-in implementation strategies that facilitate delivery of the overall model. Implementation determinants that interface with core components were identified at each contextual level. The conceptual foundation provided in this paper has the potential to facilitate cross-sector knowledge sharing, promote generalization across service settings, and provide direction for researchers, system leaders, and implementation intermediaries/practitioners working to strategically support the high-quality implementation of these frameworks.

A Federated Learning and Deep Q-Network-Based Cooperative Resource Allocation Algorithm for Multi-Level Services in Mobile-Edge Computing Networks

A Federated Learning and Deep Q-Network-Based Cooperative Resource Allocation Algorithm for Multi-Level Services in Mobile-Edge Computing Networks

Joint Location–Allocation Model for Multi-Level Maintenance Service Network in Agriculture

The maintenance service network is always designed as a multi-level service network to provide timely maintenance service for failed machinery, and is rarely studied in agriculture. Thus, this paper focuses on a three-level maintenance service network location–allocation problem in agriculture, which contains several spare part centres, service stations, and service units. This research aims to obtain the optimal location of spare part centres and service stations while determining service vehicle allocation results for service stations, and the problem can be called a multi-level facility location and allocation problem (MLFLAP). Considering contiguity constraints and hierarchical relationships, the proposed MLFLAP is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model integrating with P-region and set covering location problems to minimize total service costs, including spare part centre construction costs, service vehicle usage costs, and service mileage costs of service stations. The Benders decomposition-based solution method with several improvements is then applied to decompose the original MLFLAP into master problem and subproblems to find the optimal solutions effectively. Finally, a real-world case in China is proposed to evaluate the performance of the model and algorithm in agriculture, and sensitivity analysis is also conducted to demonstrate the impact of several parameters.

Well-being co-creation in service ecosystems: a systematic literature review

Purpose Following the continued development of transformative service research and the prevalence of the service-dominant logic in services marketing literature, increased scholarly interest centers on the co-creation of service actors’ well-being. In light of this significant evolution in service research, this study aims to provide a systematic review and synthesis of the growing, fragmented body of literature on well-being co-creation in services. Design/methodology/approach The hybrid systematic review approach combines bibliometric and framework-based literature reviews to analyze a sample of 160 article obtained from the Web of Science database. To examine the conceptual structure of the research domain, VOSviewer is used for conducting a bibliometric coupling analysis and a keyword co-occurrence analysis. Next, a content analysis is used to explore how the extant literature addresses the key concepts of service actors’ participation in co-creation, their resource integration and well-being outcomes across the micro-, meso- and macro levels of service ecosystems. Findings Service actors’ participation and resource integration are key theoretical concepts for understanding well-being co-creation. Yet, a comprehensive overview of well-being co-creation across the different levels of service ecosystems is lacking due to the presence of various application contexts, levels of aggregation, theoretical backgrounds and methodological perspectives. A conceptual framework of well-being co-creation in service ecosystems is developed, highlighting the participation of multilevel service actors and suggesting priorities for further research. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper represents a first effort to systematically review and organize growing literature on well-being co-creation in service ecosystems.

Multi-Level Service Coordination in a Ride-Sourcing Market

Multi-Level Service Coordination in a Ride-Sourcing Market

Key Successful Factors of M&A

In order to reduce costs and increase revenue, expand strength, develop rapidly in a very short period of time, and establish its market advantages and brand advantages, enterprises often have to use their own brands to continuously acquire more similar companies to make cross-media and Multi-level service gets a best play. Mr. Redstone, chairman and CEO of Viacom, has developed his family business, National Entertainment Corporation, into the second largest media group in the world in just 15 years. Its development history is the true portrayal of capital mergers and acquisitions in the media field. This article starts from the analysis of Viacom-CBS mergers and acquisitions, which is a intricate, complex and lengthy large-scale business mergers and acquisitions cases, and studies how to estimate the exact value of business acquisitions through understanding business culture and corporate strategy before business acquisitions. In the acquisition process, negotiation skills, preparation and negotiation strategy are making a great difference to the negotiation. After the successful acquisition, the efficient operation and cooperation of the enterprise play an important role in the long-term development of the enterprise. The research of this paper is of great significance for enterprise acquisition, increasing business interests and improving the efficiency of enterprise management.

Research on the Development Status and Approaches of Smart Library

The library is an important place to provide social public service. But with the rapid development of current information technology, the way of people access information has changed greatly. This encourages libraries to actively carry out the construction of smart libraries, and increase efforts to carry out service model innovation, build a more comprehensive and multi-level service platform, and thus improve the experience of users and readers. And wisdom library in service to adhere to the people-centered principle, collection and release in for all kinds of resources in the process of deepening with the connection between the user, in order to ensure the application value of the resources, fully meet the needs of readers, the intelligent library is the current our country the important content of library construction and theoretical study. In this paper, the development of wisdom library and the future development of the way to carry out research are summed up and its optimization of the path to launch in-depth exploration.

High Confident Evaluation for Smart City Services

This study aims to analyze massive data in cities through data vitalization, and quantitatively evaluate smart city services, so as to promote the construction and development of smart cities. Due to the great difference between cities, a single evaluation method cannot accurately describe the development of a city. In this study, we classify cities by multiple labels according to various bases to give cities comprehensive description. Then, a Multi-level Service Evaluation System (MSES) is introduced. It considers individual weights to cities with different characteristics and evaluates the smart city services from different aspects. In addition to putting forward the iterative development of smart city services, a Maturity Model-based Service Evaluation (MMSE) framework is proposed based on the evaluation results of the MSES. It constructs a standardized and high confident evaluation framework to analyze the current state of cities and make feedback to the government policies. Finally, we take 10 cities in China to demonstrate the effectiveness of MMSE during the development of smart city services.

A Conceptual Framework for an Integrated Information System to Enhance Urban Mobility

The multiplicity of stakeholders in urban contexts can greatly increase the complexity of transportation systems. Since all stakeholders depend, to varying degrees, on the same data to get the information for their mobility, this work considers that an integrated information system, focused on their different needs, will significantly improve the efficiency of transportation systems. A stakeholder-focused system makes the provided information more relevant, while an integrated system fosters the sharing of the data that generates this information. To build such a system, a conceptual framework focused on stakeholders and their decision processes was developed. This new framework takes advantage of existing ones, such as the Zachman framework, the Enterprise Architecture Design, and the Multilevel Service Design. The proposed multidisciplinary approach, putting together information systems (IS) and service design concepts, has considerable potential in ensuring that the right information reaches each stakeholder at the right time.

Human Resources in Multilevel Service Provision Performance: The Role of Field Offices and Local Organizations

The public management literature has extensively explored human resources’ (HR) contribution to organizational performance. However, HR approaches are seldom explored when assessing multilevel service provision. This research studies the HR-performance relationship when organizations at different government levels contribute to service provision. Beyond directly engaged local organizations, HR in national organizations’ field offices providing ancillary services may influence local service performance; however, local organizations’ HR levels moderate this contribution. Education in Colombia allows testing this model. While local schools directly provide classroom instruction, a national agency’s (Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar, ICBF) field offices provide related services. Relative workforce size and educational attainment serve to assess HR of schools and ICBF’s field offices while high school enrollment and dropout rates capture education provision performance. Schools’ HR increase performance and moderate ICBF’s indirect influence, offering evidence for both substitutive and reinforcing relationships between local and national organizations in service provision.

New Library Services in the Framework of Digital Humanities Projects: Foreign Experience

Integration of information and communication technology platforms is one of the incentives for the development of Digital Humanities (DH) projects abroad in their increasingly close interaction with academic, primarily University libraries. The purpose of the article is to analyze the deepening interaction of libraries with DH projects within the single digital paradigm, as well as to analyze new services for project management, data curation, organization of online publications, preservation and exchange of databases, etc. In the era of digital convergence, large scientific libraries abroad are actively developing new models of cooperation with DH projects, forming special service packages for continuous servicing of scientists on the basis of the integrated approach.The article discusses the new concept of library services for DH projects, draws attention to the problem of classification and ranking of library services in order to streamline the work and improve its efficiency, describes the existing multi-level service models developed in the library systems of the major US Universities. In the context of formation of the new package of library services within the framework of DH projects, the article considers the new practices and operational models on which they are based. The author describes the experience of University libraries in the Netherlands and Canada. Under the innovation pressure in the field of library technologies, the service package offered by scientific libraries in developed countries is constantly expanding and modernizing. It includes not only digitization of printed materials, computer assistance, but also management of databases, preservation and exchange of scientific data, organization of digital publications, consultations in the field of copyright protection, etc. Development of new practices in the field of digital services management changes the organizational paradigm of library work, puts forward new standards of professional activity, which require continuous training to meet, i.e. launches an institutional rebranding of the library.

New Library Services in the Framework of Digital Humanities Projects: Foreign Experience

Integration of information and communication technology platforms is one of the incentives for the development of Digital Humanities (DH) projects abroad in their increasingly close interaction with academic, primarily University libraries. The purpose of the article is to analyze the deepening interaction of libraries with DH projects within the single digital paradigm, as well as to analyze new services for project management, data curation, organization of online publications, preservation and exchange of databases, etc. In the era of digital convergence, large scientific libraries abroad are actively developing new models of cooperation with DH projects, forming special service packages for continuous servicing of scientists on the basis of the integrated approach.The article discusses the new concept of library services for DH projects, draws attention to the problem of classification and ranking of library services in order to streamline the work and improve its efficiency, describes the existing multi-level service models developed in the library systems of the major US Universities. In the context of formation of the new package of library services within the framework of DH projects, the article considers the new practices and operational models on which they are based. The author describes the experience of University libraries in the Netherlands and Canada. Under the innovation pressure in the field of library technologies, the service package offered by scientific libraries in developed countries is constantly expanding and modernizing. It includes not only digitization of printed materials, computer assistance, but also management of databases, preservation and exchange of scientific data, organization of digital publications, consultations in the field of copyright protection, etc. Development of new practices in the field of digital services management changes the organizational paradigm of library work, puts forward new standards of professional activity, which require continuous training to meet, i.e. launches an institutional rebranding of the library.

Using Trend Extrapolation Model to Predict the Needs of Elderly Care Talents in Beijing Institutions

2020-2050 is a period of rapid development of China's population aging, and it is also a critical period for the country to actively respond to population aging. Under the background of the combination of medical care and nursing, institutional elderly care services, as an important branch of the multi-level elderly care service system, have become the main battlefield of the integrated medical and elderly care policy. Therefore, institutional care talents for the aged have also become a key link in improving the quality of life of the elderly population. This paper using trend extrapolation model to predict the needs of elderly care talents in institutions in Beijing, including nursing staff who provide basic living care and professional medical staff who provide services such as rehabilitation, medical treatment, nutrition, and psychological consultation. The results show that, in 2050, the demand for institutional elderly nursing staff in Beijing will exceed 150,000, and the demand for institutional elderly medical staff will reach about 20,000.

Optimization of IoT-Based Artificial Intelligence Assisted Telemedicine Health Analysis System

This paper presents an in-depth study and exploration of the health IoT architecture and related implementation technologies from both theoretical and practical aspects, with important theoretical significance and practical application value. The research includes cloud fusion health IoT architecture, multimodal information acquisition in health IoT perception layer, multi-level service quality assurance of health IoT based on human LAN, and emotional perception and emotional interaction in health IoT. In terms of health IoT architecture, the cloud convergence health IoT architecture is proposed to deeply integrate the health cloud platform and perception layer by integrating multiple communication technologies to optimize the user experience and make health IoT applications more closely connected with people. This paper describes the basic concepts and main components of multimodal sensing information collection, the design and implementation of a health monitoring cloud robotics platform, robotics-based multimodal data sensing and aggregation, and high comfort sustainable physiological signal collection based on smart clothes. The feasibility and performance of the QoS framework proposed in this paper are verified by computer simulations. In this paper, migration learning is used to implement emotion data labeling, continuous conditional random fields to identify emotions based on data collected from smartphones and smart clothes, respectively, and finally decision layer fusion for emotion classification prediction.

CDN Slicing over a Multi-Domain Edge Cloud

We present an architecture for the provision of video Content Delivery Network (CDN) functionality as a service over a multi-domain cloud. We introduce the concept of a CDN slice, that is, a CDN service instance which is created upon a content provider's request, is autonomously managed, and spans multiple, potentially heterogeneous, edge cloud infrastructures. Our design is tailored to a 5G mobile network context, building on its inherent programmability, management flexibility, and the availability of cloud resources at the mobile edge level, thus close to end users. We exploit Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) technologies, proposing a system which is aligned with the recent NFV and MEC standards. To deliver a Quality-of-Experience (QoE) optimized video service, we derive empirical models of video QoE as a function of service workload, which, coupled with multi-level service monitoring, drive our slice resource allocation and elastic management mechanisms. These management schemes feature autonomic compute resource scaling, and on-the-fly transcoding to adapt video bit-rate to the current network conditions. Their effectiveness is demonstrated via testbed experiments.

Multi-Level Buffering Services Based on Optical Packet Encoding of Composite Maximal-Length Sequences in a GMPLS Network

Generalized multi-protocol label-switching (GMPLS) provides packet-switching with multiple speeds and quality-of-services (QoSs). Packet buffering in GMPLS reduces packet loss by resolving the conflicts between packets requesting for a common channel. Presently, due to the diversity of multimedia applications, enabling multiple services in networks has become necessary. In this paper, a family of codes known as composite maximal-length sequence (CMLS) codes is introduced into an optical buffering scheme based on code-switching. A given number of available CMLS codes is divided into several code subsets. The buffer selects an unused CMLS code from a code subset and assigns it to the incoming packet. When all codes in a specific subset have been distributed to the queued packets, a free CMLS code in another subset is chosen for the new arrival. To achieve multi-level buffering services, the partition scenario with a lower subset number but with a higher number of codes in an individual subset is used as a code-assigning method for buffering high-QoS users. A two-level buffering system is demonstrated by examining the QoS of each class in terms of packet-dropping probability (PDP). The results show that different levels of PDPs can be effectively supported by a common buffer architecture.

Analysis on Long-Term Care and Influencing Factors of Empty-Nest Differently Abled Elderly People in China —Based on the Data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the actual needs of empty-nest differently abled elderly people and analyze their long-term care status including the factors affecting choice of care mode so adequate resources can be allocated to meet their healthcare needs. Methods: An empty-nest group was compared with a non-empty-nest group based on data from the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Individual characteristics, family characteristics, and sociological factors were considered as independent variables, and long-term care model was the dependent variable in the three binary logistic regression method. Results: Age, gender, marriage, and disability were the most important factors influencing the choice of long-term care mode, including the willingness of the differently abled elderly. Family care can no longer meet the needs of the severely disabled elderly. Long-term care for such elderly people should be undertaken by professional and specialized social institutions. Conclusion: Multi-level services should be provided according to the elderly peoples’ needs, and the skill and expertise of professional personnel of care institutions should be strengthened. The government should deploy fund-raising initiatives, actively use the power of non-governmental organizations, and strive to resolve the financial issues faced by the empty-nested elderly people with disability.

Toward automatic web service composition based on multilevel workflow orchestration and semantic web service discovery

Revolutionary development of service oriented architecture (SOA) fosters the integration of software components from different distributed platforms and facilitates modelling of web service composition. However, the existing four-stage framework used for automatic web service composition (AWSC), which has drawbacks and incompleteness in terms of dynamic change of user goals, adopting the functional properties for describing the behaviour of candidate services and implementing unified composition framework. To overcome these drawbacks, we propose a framework for automatic and dynamic service composition that requires adding advances of semantics to web services and modifying the existing four-stage framework. We provide a multilevel workflow orchestration using an enhanced five stage composition framework for achieving the dynamic change of user requests and scalability for automatic composition. This proposed framework can able to handle both functional and non-functional requirements through transformation techniques for providing a feasible composition solution. Furthermore, it provides a solution for the problem of discovering and selecting the most suitable service candidates using semantic web service discovery (SWSD) mechanism.