Multi Ions Research Articles

Evaluation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa an innovative bioremediation tool in multi metals ions from simulated system using multi response methodology

Under certain conditions bacteria can act as a good biosorbent towards heavy metals in simultaneous removal from effluents. The present study explores overlay plots of multi response surface methodology for simulated wastewater treatment potential. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was used for bioremediation of metallic ions, where removal of Cd (80-90%), Mn (85-90%), Fe (50-55%), Cr (70-75%) can be achieved by fixing the pH, oxidation reduction potential (mV) and one of the metallic constituent in the simulated effluent. The metal ions Cd and Cr (T), Fe and ORP (mV) are relatively closely located to each other in the loading plot indicating co-variance between these components. However Cr(VI) transformation and Mn removal are distantly placed in the bi-plot indicating the existed significant difference. Elevated reductase enzyme activity (31.75 μg/minmg) observed in the isolate showing the ability to effectively reduce metals ions.

Colorimetric and fluorescent sensing of multi metal ions and anions by salicylaldimine based receptors

The salicylaldimine based colorimetric chemosensors R1 and R2 were synthesized and examined for anion and cation sensing property. The chemosensors R1 and R2 show visual changes towards biologically relevant anions like F − and OH − and also towards various cations such as Fe 3+, Co 2+, Ni 2+, Cu 2+ and Sn 2+. The sensing action was further confirmed by UV–vis titration and fluorescence spectroscopic studies. The binding constant ( K a ) and stoichiometry of host-guest complex formed were determined by Benesi–Hildebrand (B–H) plot and Job's plot method, respectively.

Weight of Evidence Allocates Mineral Depositional Zones

Problem statement: Yunnan province in general and Pulang area in part icular is geological rich area which prevents field study in multi locat ions due to high risk outcrop. Approach: New technology such as Geographic Information System (GIS) and an ArcView extension module Arc- weight of evidence (WofE) became very handy to provide safety for researchers and allow organization to control their budget. Results: In order to guide mineral exploration, to achieve t he purpose of rapid evaluation of mineral resources a serial of modeled prediction methods were established. Weight of evidence model is to predic t the existent thing by combining the known evidence of the study area, the importance of evide nce is determined based on statistical method. Contrary to the fuzzy logic method, it avoids the s ubjective selection of evidence and the subjective evaluation of evidence. The weight of evidence can determine the weight in the same standard conditions (using known mine sites as guidance data ), so that the variables can be compared in the united scale, a higher reliability. Conclusion/Recommendations: Comparing predicted and known distribution patterns of porphyry, most mine sites are located in the areas with high posterior probability, forecast area accounts for 11.5% of th e entire study area. Predicted results show clearly that the boundary of potential areas and the non-po tential areas is clear. Therefore, fuzzy logic and other methods should be applied to predict the resu lts for further comparison. More accurate prediction would draw a big smile on faces of share holders.

Utilization in alginate beads for Cu(II) and Ni(II) adsorption of an exopolysaccharide produced by Chryseomonas luteola TEM05

Copper and nickel adsorption onto calcium alginate, sodium alginate with an extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) produced by the activated sludge bacterium Chryseomonas luteola TEM05 and the immobilized C. luteola TEM05 from aqueous solutions were studied. After that, the multi metal ions containing these ions together were prepared and partial competitive adsorptions of these mixtures were also investigated. The metal adsorption of gel beads were carried out at pH 6.0, 25 °C. The maximum adsorption capacities in Langmuir isotherm for calcium alginate, calcium alginate + EPS, calcium alginate + C. luteola TEM05 and calcium alginate + EPS + C. luteola TEM05 were 1.505, 1.989, 1.976, 1.937 mmol/g dry weight for Cu(II) and 0.996, 1.224, 1.078, 1.219 mol/g dry weight for Ni(II), respectively. The competitive biosorption capacities of the carrier for all metal ions were lower than single conditions.

One-Pot Template Synthesis and Properties of a Molecular Bowl: Dodecaaza Macrotetracycle with μ3-Oxo and μ3-Hydroxo Tricopper(II) Cores

One-pot metal template condensation reactions of formaldehyde and amines provide simple, selective, and inexpensive routes toward the macrocyclic complexes that are not obtainable in the absence of metal ion.1,2 However, most of the compounds thus prepared are rather small macrocycles containing one or two metal ions. Compounds incorporating big macrocycles or multi metal ions or both have not been prepared thus far from this reaction. In addition, the chemistry of polynuclear Cu(II) complexes is interesting due to the presence of multicopper active sites in several oxidases3 and with respect to the development of new inorganic materials showing molecular ferromagnetism.4 In this paper, we show that a bowl-shaped dodecaaza macrotetracycle incorporating a Cu3O core, [Cu3(L)(μ3-O)](ClO4)4‚2H2O, is synthesized from very simple one-pot template condensation as described in eq 1.5,6 The [Cu3(L)(μ3-O)] is protonated in an aqueous solution to give [Cu3(L)(μ3-OH)] whose pKa value is estimated to be 4.6. X-ray structures of [Cu3(L)(μ3-O)](ClO4)4‚ 2H2O (1) and [Cu3(L)(μ3-OH)]Cl0.5(ClO4)4.5‚1.5H2O (2) were determined. The former is one of the rare structurally characterized examples of an oxo-bridged Cu(II) species.7 Both 1 and 2 show unusual magnetic behavior of mixed ferroand antiferromagnetic interactions.

Electrostatic fields and charged particle acceleration in laser produced plasmas

While the action of electrostatic double layers in the periphery of an expanding laser produced plasma has been discussed and treated many years ago, some new aspects pioneered recently by Alfvén in the theory of cosmic plasmas, indicate the possibility of a new treatment. The thermally produced electrostatic double layer which has been re-derived for a homogeneous plasma shows that a strong upshift of ion energies (by the mass ratio) is possible, in agreement with experiments. The number of accelerated ions is many orders of magnitude smaller than observed at keV and MeV energies. The nonlinear force acceleration could explain the number and energy of the observed fast ions. It is shown, however, that electrostatic double layers can be generated which should produce super-fast ions. This paper presents a derivation of the spread double layers in the case of inhomogeneous plasmas. It is concluded that the hydrodynamically expected multi GeV heavy ions for 10TW laser pulses (generated by relativistic self-focussing and nonlinear forces) should produce super-fast ions up to the TeV range. Further conclusions are drawn from the electrostatically measured upshifted (by 300 keV) DT fusion alphas from laser compressed plasma. An analysis of alpha spectra attempts to distinguish between different models of the stopping power in the plasmas. The analysis preliminarily arrives at a preference for the collective model.