Multidimensional Games Research Articles

A fundamental challenge. Are the affordances of political science being wasted?

The author recalls the reveries of the times of the creation of the journal Polis. He critically assesses three decades of attempts to nurture the achievements of world political science. He admits that the results of these efforts are far from expectations. The reasons are the haste to act and our miopic vision of the standards of world political science, as well as the awkward backwardness of these standards themselves. The generic trauma of the newly emerging political science goes with the reductive adjusting of evolving practices of political goal- attainment to the straitjacketing models of jurisprudence, philosophy and history. As Ch. Tilly has shown, the corresponding pernicious postulates were questioned only during the glorious twenty years of political science renewal in the 60s and 70s of the last century. These pernicious postulates are related to the reduction of evolving political phenomena to simplistic mechanistic schemes and abstractions. They continue to dominate mainstream political science. As for the alternative possibilities of political science, they require taking into account the spatio-temporal variability of political phenomena and using an expanding and increasingly complex researchapparatus. The author gives a number of examples of such sophisticating renewal, including the treatment of the existence of nations as everyday referendum (Renan), of diverse polities as mestorazvitiya (evo-localizings, lit. place-developments) (Savitsky), of political institutions as conceptual variables (Nettl), of crises as alternating phases of dissynchronization and resynchronization (Almond and colleagues), of center-periphery polarization (Rokkan). The article also mentions the efforts of R. Dahl and F. Schmitter to “save” modern democracy from various kinds of reductions by reinterpreting it in terms of polyarchy and accountability. It refers to the geochronopolitics of G. Modelski and further similar ventures of V. Tsimburski. It also cites efforts of A. Melville and his colleagues in correcting the reductive rendering of the global community of states by extending the factual scope multidimensionality of its analysis. Further cases include the fuller and more multidimensional consideration by G. Tsebelis and R. Putnam of alternative policies and aspirations in terms of nested, two- and multidimensional games, and finally, the efforts of W. Patzelt to instigate an evolutionary morphology of politics.

312 - Level of engagement during an innovative therapy program in people with dementia – implementing Serious Traditional Multidimensional Games

Background:There is a significant difficulty in the engagement of people with dementia in therapeutic activities. Considering that stimulus attributes (e.g., content of a specific activity) seem to be determinant to achieve an expected engagement, innovative approaches are required.Aim:characterise the engagement of people with dementia in serious traditional multidimensional games (sTMG), comparing with conventional therapy (CT) sessions.Methods:Subjects with dementia were recruited in Alzheimer’s Portugal Foundation. Sociodemographic and clinical participants’ characteristics were collected, including classification of dementia severity using Mini-mental State Examination (MSE) and walking independence classification (dependent - someone needs supervision or human support to walk). Gerontologist, psychologist, occupational therapist and physiotherapist were invited to classify patients’ engagement in routine CT (i.e., cognitive therapy and exercise classes), according to 0 -10 scale (10 – successful engagement). Serious adaptations in TMG were implemented in 3 consecutive sessions (1 per week/ 45 min./session) and patient s engagement was rated in each session. Success index (number of subjects showing higher engagement in TMG/total participants) was calculated.Results:Thirteen participants (5 males; 79.23±8.39yrs; 15.76±9.22 MSE; 9 walk independently) were enrolled. Success index was 38%; comparing TMG with cognitive therapy and 31%, comparing to movement classes. Two patients with severe dementia and walking independency were more engaged in sTMG sessions (sTMG - 4;4; Cognitive therapy - 2;1; Exercises Classes). Four patients with moderate dementia and walking independency obtained worse engagement (sTMG –3;6;2;7; Cognitive therapy – 6;7;8;8 Exercises Classes – 4;6;7;9).Discussion:Our results showed that sTMG sessions had a positive impact in people with dementia, specifically in advanced/severe cases. In this respect, a previous study of Natalie et al., (2017) concluded that engagement was lower in cognitive activities for people with severe dementia, which can explain the higher engagement in sTMG sessions. Furthermore, Bier et al. (2008) enlightened that people with dementia in a moderate stage are characterised by emergent behavioural changes, which might difficult patients’ integration in new activities.Conclusion:sTMG had a positive impact in the engagement of people with dementia. Specifically, for patients at middle stage of dementia, future studies include longer sTMG protocols, possibly providing better patients’ integration.

Object based learning using multi-dimensional games

Game based learning fit with a great extent in numerous academic fields. The multi-dimensional augmented experience of game based learning help students to comprehend the problems adequately and discover the solutions ideally. The multi-dimensional game technique is new in the field of software engineering. Hence, we have to implement multi-dimensional game based learning to in the field of software development with exact evidence support. Objective: The main aim of this research is to present a multi-dimensional game for object based learning i.e. (object oriented technologies). Method: In this paper, we use different real-world projects of students for object based learning using multi-dimensional games. Finding: The empirical investigation result shows that students learning power enhance through practical experience using proposed multi-dimensional game. This research shows that multi-dimensional game based learning help software learners to enhance their knowledge, enhance project quality and output in all software process. We conclude that multi-dimensional game based learning increases the chances of project completion with in time.

How to Apply Multidimensional Graphs in Non-Cooperative Games

This paper starts from the doctoral thesis on non-cooperative games by John Forbes Nash and applies a multidimensional coordinate space approach to visualize a full model of non-cooperative games in the same graphical space and time, with infinity equilibrium points, solutions, strong solutions, and sub-solutions. This graphical transformation into multidimensional cooperative games that we call Mega-Disks Networks Mapping (MDN-Mapping). The principles behind this application to Nash are found in Estrada (2015), where MDNMapping is shown to capture a large amount of information from n dimensions in the same graphical space and time. The MDN-Mapping creates the possibility of visualizing large numbers of endogenous and exogenous variables that are distributed, moved, and interconnected in different Nano-Disks (j), Micro-Disks (k), Sub-Disks (L), and General-Disks (m) within the Mega-Disk (MD) and without visual restrictions. This makes it possible to observe how infinity endogenous variables are moving simultaneously with infinity exogenous variables in the same graphical space. At the same time, we can visualize how all these variables interact by visualizing large numbers of asymmetric spiral-shaped figures with n faces that are continuously changing. These asymmetric spiral-shaped figures with n faces experience expansion or contraction, depending on the changes that occur during the movement from any Nano-Disk (j) to the Mega-Disk (MD) or on the mega-arithmetic mean.

The role of negotiations in achieving Pareto optimality in multi-dimensional cooperation games: implications for the ethical conduct of business

Numerous excellent macroeconomic studies have been done concerning the recent and, to some extent, still ongoing financial crisis and the painstaking recovery which has followed it. Not a small number of experts have expressed their puzzlement that such a phenomenon could occur in apparent contradiction to efficient market theory. Through it all, however, orthodox microeconomic theory has remained intact and, seemingly, has not even been seriously challenged. Yet the need to reexamine the fundamental propositions of this theory is obvious as the recent financial earthquake found its epicenter in a consumer debt crisis in the United States, the result of innumerable microeconomic decisions of consumer households.The thesis proposes to formulate a microeconomic explanation for a contemporary macro-economic phenomenon that forms the essential backdrop of the consumer debt crisis, the failure of the growth of real wages to keep pace with productivity increases in the overall economy (Madland and Walter 2009). This fact, in itself, violates a fundamental premise of orthodox economic theory and necessarily implies that wages do not equal marginal productivity. At this point, it is obvious that the entire matter cannot be analyzed in terms of aggregate demand, but rather requires a disaggregation of that demand and an examination of the inter-sectoral mechanisms producing the consequent structure of demand.Despite the marginal revolution and marginal utility theory, a subjective theory of value has been only partially embraced by orthodox economic theory. Austrian economic theory gives a fuller development to subjective value in its analysis of the market, while, simultaneously, almost entirely neglecting both economic exchange and the role of value within institutions. The largely unresolved problem of marginal cost posed by Ronald Coase (1946) is a problem only because orthodox theory largely relies, in the final analysis, on a cost of production basis to economic exchange. The pervasive existence of varying opportunity and conflict costs, and of highly differentiated markets have little impact, at least in theory, on the price point at which exchange takes place, giving to subjective value only a truncated expression in the final result.Furthermore, orthodox economic theory has traditionally distinguished two very general areas of exchange, those that are external to organizations, i.e. market exchange, and those that occur within organizations and which are governed by hierarchical structure. The latter is generally the subject of a quasi-independent field of study known as institutional economics. Neo-classical economic theory, relying almost entirely on the market approach, historically has treated the firm as a black box (Coase 2008; Demsetz 1993) whose internal workings are largely separate from the broader market. Central to the theoretical propositions developed in the thesis is a model of economic exchange which seeks to identify the common elements of both market and hierarchical organization and, abstracting from these, to present a completely general model which is applicable to the entire range of transactions involved in economic exchange, and which sees both pure market and pure hierarchy as idealized abstractions comprising opposite poles of a spectrum.In developing a general approach to economic exchange, the thesis takes as its starting point social choice theory (SCT) and particularly Arrow's general possibility theorem (GPT). The latter, in particular, in concluding that no social ordering is possible which can satisfy the ordinal preferences of the members of a society, essentially demands modification of its fundamental axioms to establish a stable societal equilibrium. The fact that SCT and the GPT derive from ordinal noncomparability of individual preferences makes them compatible with a theory of subjective value and methodological individualism. …

Defining on Multi-dimensional Control Games : Novel Approach to the Physical Interaction-Based Games

닌텐도 wii와 같은 새로운 차세대 비디오 게임은 인터랙션 방법에 있어서 기존 게임과 다른 혁신적인 방법으로 이목을 끌었지만, 새로운 형태의 게임, 그 자체에 대한 정의에 관한 연구는 드물다. 게임 플레이 스타일이 달라졌음에 기반을 두고, 특히 게임 플레이 동안 신체적인 움직임을 수반한다는 점에서 게임 플레이 스타일이 기존의 조작 방식과 다르므로, 본 연구에서는 플레이어가 게임을 조작하는 방식에 따른 정의 접근 방법을 하나의 축으로 제시한다. 또한 플레이어가 게임에 반응하는 수준에 따라서 기존 게임과 차세대 게임의 차이가 나타나고 있기 때문에, 게임 반응 수준을 다른 하나의 축으로 제시하고자 한다. 따라서 새로운 디지털 비디오 게임은 게임 조작 차원과 게임 반응 수준이라는 두 개의 축을 기준으로, 9가지 형태로 분류되어 질 수 있다.

The Two-Dimensional Asymmetric Gambler's Ruin Problem with n Players and Simulations

In this article, the asymmetric n-player gambler's ruin problem is considered, when the players use equal initial fortunes of d dollars and d euros, 1 ≤ d ≤ n + 1. In each round an unfair coin is tossed to decide the currency. The expected ruin time and the individual ruin probabilities are computed. It is proved that the ruin time and which player is ruined are independent events. Finally, some special games are simulated. The simulation results verify the validity of the proposed formulas. As an innovation, the present study makes a combination of the n-player and multi dimensional games which can be viewed as a starting point for future studies.

Multi-Dimensional Games (MD-Games)

This paper introduces the concept of Multi-Dimensional games (MD-games) based on the application of an alternative mathematical and graphical modeling approach to study the game theory from a multi-dimensional perspective. In fact, the MD-Games request the application of the mega-space coordinate system to visualize a large number of games, players, strategies and pay-offs functions into the same graphical space.

Simulation of global and local intransitivities in a simple voting game under majority rule

In this paper we develop a mathematical model of social choice that provides the basis for a computer simulation of a political decisionmaking process. Prior research has demonstrated the nonexistence of an equilibrium for multidimensional voting games, a result that is obtained both globally and locally. Our simulation, while successfully modeling these results, provides a capability for analyzing the systemic effects (voting cycle characteristics) of iterated voting games that has not before been available to researchers. The structure of our computer model also anticipates development of dynamic models of social choice and provides a basic framework for eventual stability analyses of decisionmaking behavior in simulated and actual political environments.