Multidimensional Approach Research Articles

Child sexual abuse in Vietnam: A review of prevalence, risk factors, and prevention strategies

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a severe global problem that has long-term psychological, physical, and societal effects for victims. This review looks at the prevalence, risk factors, and effects of CSA, with a specific emphasis on Vietnam. The frequency of CSA varies worldwide, with notable regional variations. In Vietnam, approximately 2,000 children are sexually abused each year, with females being disproportionately affected. Risk variables include age, gender, family dynamics, social level, and cultural norms. The review investigates the short- and long-term effects of CSA, which include mental health illnesses, physical health issues, and social difficulties. Prevention and intervention efforts, including as school-based education programs and parental involvement, show promise, but they encounter obstacles owing to cultural stigma and limited resources. The Vietnamese government has developed a variety of policies and legal frameworks to combat CSA, however gaps persist. This research emphasizes the importance of a multidimensional approach that involves broad education, substantial support services, and ongoing legislative improvements to effectively prevent and respond to CSA. Future study should focus on improving preventative strategies and assuring their long-term efficacy.

The Well-Being of Left-Behind Children in Rural Sichuan, China

Chinese scholars focused on the status of children's subjective well-being. However, one significant gap is the need to measure comprehensive child well-being in China's backward economic rural areas. The study adopted a multidimensional child well-being approach and child-centred perspective to measure rural left-behind children's material, physical, educational, psychological, and social well-being and present the multidimensional well-being of left-behind children in rural China. The study adopted a quantitative approach, and the survey method was the preferred approach for this study. A multistage random sampling technique was used to choose the geographical location of the study, study area, and children as survey respondents. Four hundred eighty left-behind children aged 10 to 16 in Sichuan province, China, were selected for the study. The selected left-behind children experienced a high level of well-being domains, except for moderate educational well-being. However, pocket money, physical exercise, academic achievement, child welfare for education, social services, coping strategies, and activity engagement were the core targets to promote the left-behind children's well-being through improving social expenditure on children, empowering the child welfare system, and providing sufficient social services in school in China.

Interventional pain management practices in Pakistan: The role of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR).

Chronic pain represents a complex, multifaceted challenge that surpasses the prevalence of commonly encountered disorders such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. This condition exerts a substantial burden on healthcare systems due to its pervasive impact. While pain interventions and procedures constitute a crucial facet, they alone do not constitute a comprehensive solution. Nevertheless, the strategic and precise application of these procedures by well-trained and proficient physicians offers patients a swift route to resuming their normal activities, sparing them from protracted reliance on medications. Within the realm of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R), Interventional Pain Management (IPM) adopts a multidisciplinary rehabilitative approach, addressing all dimensions of pain syndromes. This approach culminates in enhanced functional outcomes and an improved quality of life. This concise review underscores the significance of this integrated approach, shedding light on various pain procedures routinely employed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Within this context, we briefly explore the application of ultrasound and C-arm guided procedures. In conclusion, this review underscores the imperative nature of embracing a multidimensional approach to pain management, essential for seamlessly incorporating interventional pain management techniques into the broader domain of rehabilitation medicine.

A multi-dimensional sensitivity analysis approach for evaluating the robustness of renewable energy sources in European countries

The necessity of making reliable decisions is exceptionally important in the field of sustainable development, particularly when evaluating the management of renewable energy sources. A thorough analysis becomes imperative in complex decision problems where various factors influence outcomes. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methods have emerged as valuable tools for addressing such challenges, enabling decision-makers to navigate through conflicting criteria and make informed choices. Combined with sensitivity analysis approaches, comprehensive assessments can be achieved, ensuring the robustness of decision-making processes. To increase the reliability of the results, different aspects of input data fluctuations should be examined to provide a broader view of the stability of the results.This paper proposes a comprehensive multi-dimensional sensitivity analysis approach to assess the robustness of renewable energy source (RES) development in selected European countries. By evaluating RES management in terms of electricity and energy consumption and generation, the study addresses key components of sustainable development. It offers a holistic perspective on result reliability and stability by analyzing five sensitivity dimensions: a comparative analysis of four MCDA methods, varying criteria weights scenarios, probabilistic modifications, criteria relevance identification, and ranking stability. This approach enhances decision-making in sustainable energy development, providing valuable insights for policymakers on prioritizing sustainable technologies. The provided open-source implementation promotes transparency and accessibility in decision support systems.

The Morphological Study of Colour Terms in Nigerian English

The paper investigates the nature of morphological processes of colour terms among the users of English in Nigeria and their syntactic usages using a multi-dimensional approach in data gathering. The data was drawn from one hundred subjects across ten ethnic groups, including Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba as well as fifteen textual materials written in English by Nigerian scholars. The paper adopts a cognitive linguistic multidimensional framework. The paper reveals that the colour systems and usages among Nigerians contrast with the system within the native speakers of the language. For instance "fresh leave green", "pale blue", "blood red", "yolk yellow", "black black", "dark so and so", "charcoal", "flesh", , "dirty green", "dudu" and so on are formed through several morphological processes such as coining, clipping, blending, borrowing, compounding, reduplication and affixation as well as usage in various syntactic operations as in nominals and adjectives: "The shirt is dark so and so." and "The yellows ran out of the scorching sun." which serves as adjective and nominal plural respectively. Hence the paper concludes that morphology and syntax of most colours in Nigerian context have been influenced by many indigenous languages in the country. Hence, the hierarchy of the basic colours violates the Berlin and Kay"s evolutionary sequence and Kay and Maffi"s Trajectory model of Colour terms within the circle of the native speakers of English.

Suicide and Suicidal Ideation in Medical Students: A Systematic Review.

The incidence of suicide and its ideation among medical students is increasingly recognized as a significant issue, influenced by the demanding nature of medical education and the various associated psychological stressors. This systematic review aims to elucidate the risk factors and prevalence of suicide and suicidal ideation within this group, with a focus on the implications for mental health interventions. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, this review analyzed 11 studies selected from major databases such as Scopus-Elsevier, Google Scholar, PubMed, and others, focusing on publications between 2015 and 2023. Studies were predominantly observational and cross-sectional, examining suicide rates and suicidal ideation among medical students. The review found that medical students experience higher rates of suicide and suicidal ideation compared to the general population, with significant stressors including academic pressure, personal relationship challenges, and professional expectations. Notably, female respondents displayed a higher prevalence of suicidal ideation than males. Key warning signs identified include changes in mood or behavior and previous attempts of suicide. Despite varying findings regarding the role of medical training duration on suicidal ideation, all studies highlight the critical need for targeted mental health support. The findings underscore the urgent need for integrated mental health services and the incorporation of mental health education within the medical curriculum. A multidimensional approach involving enhancements to both curricular and support structures is crucial for mitigating the risk of suicide among medical students. Future research should focus on developing and evaluating interventions to reduce educational stress and promote psychological well-being in medical educational settings.

The body as an obstacle and the “other”. How patients with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases view their body, self and the good life

BackgroundTreatment of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) aims to improve patients’ quality of life and the extent of treatment success is measured via patient reported outcomes (PROs). However, questionnaires used to collect PROs often include scales that are not specific to IBDs. Improving these scales requires a deeper understanding of patients’ lived experience. With this study we give first insights and develop hypotheses on how patients with IBDs experience their body and self and how they adjust their life plans in the context of precision medicine (PM). The guiding question is to understand what they need to achieve a good life, while facing their disease.MethodsWe developed a conception of the “good life” that draws on Philippa Foot’s “naturalized” approach and distinguishes six different dimensions that are relevant for a good life. This conception guided us as we conducted 10 qualitative interviews with patients suffering from IBD who were in precision medicine clinical research settings. The interviews aimed to gain insights for answering our research question: How do body experiences affect the good life of patients with IBD? We analyzed the interviews with interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).ResultsFive group experiential themes emerged: (i) Life options and plans, (ii) other people’s responses, (iii) strategies to deal with others’ responses, (iv) perception of the body and self, and (v) perception of life as good despite suffering. We report here on three of them (i, iv and v), which are primarily relevant for evaluating the outcomes of PM care. Whereas with “life options and plans (i),” our study predominantly confirmed previous research, with “perception of the body and self (iv),” we found that some of the patients changed their relationship to their body and themselves. They perceived the body or the disease as the “other” and their self appears divorced from their own body. Although this might be an avoidance strategy patients use to assign responsibility for their condition and its “disgusting” symptoms to the “other,” it is important to include it in patient reported outcome (PRO) assessments.ConclusionsWe conclude with the insight that the multi-dimensional approach based on Foot’s concept of a good life is well-suited as a basis for investigating the quality of life of people with IBD. Interviews based on this concept produced results that go beyond the understanding of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Additionally, we offer some considerations about patients’ opportunities for achieving a good life and suggestions for further developing patient reported outcome scales.

Penyalahgunaan Data Pribadi Sebagai Bentuk Kejahatan Sempurna Dalam Perspektlf Hukum Siber

The misuse of personal data has become a highly relevant issue in the digital age, where cases of privacy violations are increasing sharply. Personal data such as contact information, transaction history, and online activities have become prime targets for cybercriminals to use for fraud, identity theft, and even political manipulation. These crimes often occur in various locations around the world, taking advantage of regulatory breaks and jurisdictional differences, making law enforcement difficult. To address this problem, a multi-dimensional approach is required. Stricter regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union, are needed to protect personal data with strict sanctions for violations. In addition, international collaboration is essential as cybercrime often crosses national borders, requiring close cooperation between countries to track and apprehend perpetrators. Public awareness and education are also key components in reducing the risk of cybercrime. People should be encouraged to take proactive measures such as the use of strong passwords and two-step verification. Companies and service providers also need to take responsibility for customer data security by implementing strong protection measures and transparency in data management. In conclusion, the use of personal data as a form of perfect crime is a complex issue, requiring strict regulation, international collaboration, and awareness raising to create a safer digital environment.

A hybrid network TEdgeNeXt for data-limited and resource-constrained fault diagnosis

In the field of intelligent machinery fault diagnosis, overcoming challenges arising from scarce labeled data and the demand for deployment on resource-constrained edge devices is imperative. To address these hurdles, this work aims to improve the ability of deep learning models to learn strong feature representations from limited data, while also reducing the model complexity. We presenting a novel network named TEdgeNeXt, the approach begins with a new signal-to-image conversion method, which is proved to be able to acquire less training data quantity. Structurally, the Convolutional (Conv.) Encoder initially is employed with depth-wise separable convolution to control the size of model rather than the traditional convolution, and the Split Depth-wise Transpose Attention (SDTA) encoder is consequently utilized by leveraging a multidimensional processing approach and the Multi-head Self-Attention which is across the channel dimensions instead of the spatial channel. By doing so, it effectively handles challenges such as high multiply-additions (MAdds) and increased latency through Flops and params. On the other hand, the fine-tune-based transfer learning technique is able to be extended in our approach for improving the capacity of generalizing. Ultimately, it indicates the noticeable improvements in Top-1 Accuracy (T1A), Mean Precision (MP), Mean Recall (MR), and Mean F1 score (MF1) across three distinct datasets.

A comprehensive assessment of the importance of the “Maritime Silk Road” route based on multi-dimensional data-driven approaches

Worldwide straits are crucial pathways for global trade and energy transportation, occupying key strategic positions. Therefore, this study utilizes automatic identification system (AIS) data and the structure of the maritime transportation network formed by ship navigation, combined with geospatial big data analysis, to fully consider factors including the natural navigational conditions of routes, the support capabilities of surrounding ports, the geographic advantages of neighboring countries, and the distribution of the shipping network importance in the CCAS evaluation model. To assess the navigability of maritime routes, a data-driven model was constructed using three layers of this model. Empirical analyses were conducted on 22 major routes along China's coast and the “Maritime Silk Road”. This method has significantly enhanced the accuracy and reliability of route assessments, and the improved assessment model demonstrated better navigational conditions in the South China Sea routes, identifying internal factors hindering the development of these critical maritime routes. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive assessment and analysis framework for global maritime transportation, offering crucial reference information for key stakeholders, including policy makers, port and berth infrastructure investors, maritime economists, and large shipping companies. Additionally, the study's results can be practically applied in the actual shipping trade, emphasizing the role of our framework in facilitating effective decision-making and strategic planning within the maritime industry.

Evolving Dynamics of Higher Education Institutions and Their Cities (1980-2020)

This research examines the significance of higher education institutions (HEIs) as anchors in their host cities and their community engagement strategies from 1980 to 2020. By examining four case studies of urban-based universities that are members of the Coalition of Urban and Metropolitan Universities (CUMU) across diverse geographical and socio-economic contexts, this study analyzes the impact of anchor strategies on local communities, economic growth, and urban revitalization. Two public institutions—Rutgers University-Newark (RU-N) and the University of Pretoria (Mamelodi Campus, South Africa)—and two private institutions—Syracuse University (S.U.) and the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn)—comprise the four selected institutions. Comparative analysis of the case studies reveals that effective anchor strategies frequently involve multidimensional approaches that address their respective cities' social, economic, and public safety challenges. In addition, I identify the key factors contributing to the efficacy of anchor strategies, such as strong leadership, stakeholder collaboration, and maximizing the role of foundations and long-term vision. The findings of my study highlight the significance of universities as significant agents of urban change in guiding policymakers, urban planners, and higher education administrators who seek to harness the potential of universities in shaping sustainable and inclusive community engagement. My findings highlight the interplay between universities and their environments rooted in their host cities.

Innovative Approaches in Psoriasis Management: Integration of Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Herbal Medicine, and Lifestyle Modifications

Psoriasis, a complex inflammatory skin disorder, is characterized by rapid skin cell proliferation resulting in thick, red patches covered with silvery scales. This review explores the multidimensional approach to managing psoriasis, which encompasses current therapies such as systemic medications, topical treatments, and phototherapy, all known to have potential side effects. Recognizing the associated increased risk of comorbidities like psoriatic arthritis, anxiety, and cardiovascular diseases among others, this paper also delves into the promising role of herbal medicines which are gaining popularity due to their accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and potential efficacy. Additionally, it highlights the emerging advancements in novel drug delivery systems including liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, and microneedles, aimed at enhancing treatment efficacy through improved drug targeting and reduced side effects. This comprehensive review seeks to provide valuable insights for the development of safer and more effective therapeutic strategies, offering a beacon of hope for those afflicted by this chronic condition and guiding future research in the field. Keywords: Psoriasis, novel drug delivery systems, liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, microneedles, herbal medicine, lifestyle modifications, biologic agents

Towards sustainable management in a rural territory: Multidimensional approach in Ecuadorian coast

Towards sustainable management in a rural territory: Multidimensional approach in Ecuadorian coast

Exploring the relationship between office lighting, cognitive performance, and psychophysiological responses: A multidimensional approach

Recognizing the growing importance of optimizing work environments for better cognitive performance, this study examined the relationships between general office lighting, psychophysiological responses and cognitive performance. Sixteen healthy adults in their 20s participated in experiments under nine different lighting conditions combining three levels of correlated color temperature (i.e., 4,000K, 5,000K, and 6,500K) and three levels of illuminance (i.e., 200 lx, 500 lx, and 800 lx). In the experiments, subjects’ primary and complex cognitive performances were measured and their psychophysiological responses such as mental workload, drowsiness, mental fatigue and stress, and visual fatigue were evaluated. Statistical analyses revealed that higher correlated color temperature and illuminance significantly enhanced primary cognitive performance but did not significantly impact complex cognitive performance or most psychophysiological responses. Notably, psychophysiological responses and cognitive performances were found to have mutual relationships rather than one being an absolute independent variable for another. The study suggests that tailored smart lighting systems could enhance cognitive performance in office environments by dynamically adjusting lighting conditions based on real-time psychophysiological feedback.

Development and Evaluation of Docetaxel-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Skin Cancer Therapy.

This study focuses on the design, characterization, and optimization of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with docetaxel for the treatment of skin cancer. Employing a systematic formulation development process guided by Design of Experiments (DoE) principles, key parameters such as particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency were optimized to ensure the stability and drug-loading efficacy of the NLCs. Combined XRD and cryo-TEM analysis were employed for NLC nanostructure evaluation, confirming the formation of well-defined nanostructures. In vitro kinetics studies demonstrated controlled and sustained docetaxel release over 48 h, emphasizing the potential for prolonged therapeutic effects. Cytotoxicity assays on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and SK-MEL-24 melanoma cell line revealed enhanced efficacy against cancer cells, with significant selective cytotoxicity and minimal impact on normal cells. This multidimensional approach, encompassing formulation optimization and comprehensive characterization, positions the docetaxel-loaded NLCs as promising candidates for advanced skin cancer therapy. The findings underscore the potential translational impact of these nanocarriers, paving the way for future preclinical investigations and clinical applications in skin cancer treatment.

Sufism as a Generation (Z) Solution: A Review of Hamka’s Thoughts From a Multidimensional Context

Tasawwuf, as a dimension within Islam that is often overlooked, emerges as a relevant solution for Generation Z in facing the complexities of the modern world. In Hamka's thought, tasawwuf is seen as a multidimensional approach that offers a way out of the moral and ethical value crises rampant in contemporary society. This research aims to explore the contribution of tasawwuf in addressing the challenges of our times. A qualitative research method is used with a descriptive-analytical approach. The main findings indicate that tasawwuf teachings provide a foundation for creating harmony in human life. Essentially, tasawwuf aims to guide individuals towards a deeper closeness with God, which in turn shapes a more ethical and responsible society. In the context of a constantly changing modern society, tasawwuf plays a key role as a controller for humans against the currents of modernization. By rooting itself in strong spiritual values, tasawuf is capable of guiding Generation Z towards moral perfection and maintaining the integrity of noble values in everyday life.

Zinc Deficiency and Zinc Supplementation in Allergic Diseases.

In recent decades, it has become clear that allergic diseases are on the rise in both Western and developing countries. The exact reason for the increase in prevalence has not been conclusively clarified yet. Multidimensional approaches are suspected in which diet and nutrition seem to play a particularly important role. Allergic diseases are characterized by a hyper-reactive immune system to usually harmless allergens, leading to chronic inflammatory diseases comprising respiratory diseases like asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic skin diseases like atopic dermatitis (AD), and food allergies. There is evidence that diet can have a positive or negative influence on both the development and severity of allergic diseases. In particular, the intake of the essential trace element zinc plays a very important role in modulating the immune response, which was first demonstrated around 60 years ago. The most prevalent type I allergies are mainly based on altered immunoglobulin (Ig)E and T helper (Th)2 cytokine production, leading to type 2 inflammation. This immune status can also be observed during zinc deficiency and can be positively influenced by zinc supplementation. The underlying immunological mechanisms are very complex and multidimensional. Since zinc supplements vary in dose and bioavailability, and clinical trials often differ in design and structure, different results can be observed. Therefore, different results are not surprising. However, the current literature suggests a link between zinc deficiency and the development of allergies, and shows positive effects of zinc supplementation on modulating the immune system and reducing allergic symptoms, which are discussed in more detail in this review.

Research on identification, classification, and policy development for urban shrinkage: A case study of Liaoning Province, China

Under the influence of economic globalization and the transformation of pillar industries, cities are facing phenomena such as slow economic growth and population outflow, which indicate urban shrinkage. However, the theoretical framework for this phenomenon remains incomplete, and measurement standards are inconsistent. Therefore, studying urban shrinkage is of significant importance. This paper analyzes the current status and causes of urban shrinkage in Liaoning Province, China, and proposes an accurate model for identifying shrinkage. It utilizes a two-step diagnostic method that incorporates both one-dimensional and multidimensional approaches to identify shrinking cities and applies systematic clustering methods to categorize urban population changes. By observing and analyzing the population and economic data of 30 cities over 12 years, this study assesses urban shrinkage from the perspectives of population change and multivariate indicators. It identifies five cities with significant shrinkage, categorized into mild, moderate, and severe levels. Based on multiple linear regression and grey relational analysis, the study examines the impact of socio-economic factors on population changes and offers corresponding development suggestions.

Can the Digital Economy Promote Sustainable Improvement in the Quality of Employment for Chinese Residents?—Moderated Mediation Effect Test Based on Innovation Environments

Employment significantly impacts the national economy and people’s livelihoods and affects millions of households. How to effectively and sustainably improve the quality of employment for the population has thus become a key issue facing China at present. In recent years, under the strategic background of “Digital China” and “Employment Priority”, the digital economy has brought about profound changes in the efficiency, dynamics, and distribution of social production. It affects the quality of employment by creating jobs, reshaping employment patterns, and improving labor quality, but its impact and transmission path are still unclear. This research employs a multi-dimensional evaluation approach to score the digital economy and employment quality at the provincial level in China, utilizing data from the country’s provincial panels between 2012 and 2022, and examines the feasibility and effect pathways of the digital economy in promoting sustainable improvement in the quality of residential employment. The empirical results provide ample evidence of the significant role played by the digital economy in the sustainable improvement of the employment quality of the inhabitants. Regions with more robust innovation environments tend to benefit more from this impact, and there are discernible regional variations in the impact. The upgrading of industrial structure mediates this process, and the influencing mechanism is regulated by the innovation environment—that is, the innovation environment exerts a facilitating influence on the process of industrial restructuring. The findings herein offer novel insights into the intrinsic mechanism of the digital economy in promoting sustainable improvement in the quality of residential employment.

Research on Low-Carbon Design and Energy Efficiency by Harnessing Indigenous Resources through BIM-Ecotect Analysis in Hot Climates

In the face of contemporary challenges, such as economic instability, environmental degradation, and the urgent global warming crisis, the imperative of sustainability and energy efficiency has reached unparalleled significance. Sustainability encompasses not only the natural environment, but also extends to our immediate surroundings, including the built structures and the communities they serve. Embracing this comprehensive perspective, we embarked on a mission to conceive and construct a model house that harnesses state-of-the-art energy-efficient technologies. Our goal was to seamlessly integrate these features not only to meet our sustainability objectives, but also to mitigate environmental threats.This model embodies a harmonious fusion of indigenous resources, employing locally sourced stone and employing traditional construction techniques. Through this approach, we achieved significant reductions in carbon emissions and established a framework for passive cooling and heating systems. Moreover, the design is intrinsically attuned to its contextual surroundings, preserving the diverse tapestry of regional architectural styles. This study stands as a testament to the potential of innovative design and technology in shaping a sustainable future. The research employs a multi-dimensional approach, encompassing strategies of architectural design with a traditional planning approach, sustainable material selection, energy efficiency, and life cycle assessment across a diverse set of case studies. Building energy analysis is conducted through the application of BIM (Ecotect), providing insights into how BIM can adapt and thrive in various environments. Key findings underscore that thermal performance, minimizing energy loads, and reducing carbon emissions are pivotal aspects in designating a building as both green and energy efficient.