Multidimensional Analysis Research Articles

Exploring the Potential of Enhanced Prognostic Performance of NCCN-IPI in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma by Integrating Tumor Microenvironment Markers: Stromal FOXC1 and Tumor pERK1/2 Expression.

FOXC1 and ERK1-2 are proteins implicated in aggressive biological behavior of various malignancies including lymphomas. We investigate the additive prognostic value of stromal FOXC1 expression and tumor phosphorylated ERK1-2 (pERK1-2) expression to the established National Comprehensive Cancer Network International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI), in 92 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cases. Multidimensional analysis using statistics and machine learning (ML) models assessed prognostic value of established clinicopathologic variables with stromal FOXC1 and tumor pERK1-2 expressions. Both high FOXC1 stroma group and high pERK1-2 tumor group were significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with low group (p = 0.015, 0.034 and p = 0.025, 0.025 each respectively). In multivariable analysis, high FOXC1 stromal expression was an independent prognostic factor of OS (p = 0.037). The addition of stromal FOXC1 and tumor pERK1-2 to the NCCN-IPI score significantly improved prediction of time to death compared with NCCN-IPI score alone (Harrell's C-index = 0.801 vs. 0.764; p = 0.030). ML models reconfirmed the addition of stromal FOXC1 expression and tumor pERK1-2 to NCCN-IPI score had the highest C-index (0.952) among combinations. Stromal FOXC1 and tumor pERK1-2 were determinants of DLBCL prognosis, whose addition significantly improved prognostic performance of the NCCN-IPI.

Multidimensional Impact Analysis of Corrupt Practices in Nickel Mining on Sustainable Development in North Maluku

Multidimensional Impact Analysis of Corrupt Practices in Nickel Mining on Sustainable Development in North Maluku

The Importance of Regenerating Forests for Biodiversity Conservation: Insights From Bird Communities

Biodiversity is crucial for ecological research and ecosystem function, but human activities have led to widespread habitat loss and threats to biodiversity. Recent studies challenge the belief that only primary forests preserve biodiversity, as 20-year-old secondary forests can exhibit comparable levels. We emphasize the significance of studying regenerating and human-altered forests. Our research explores the impact of such forests on avian communities, focusing on different habitat and forest types. Using Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling and Analysis of Similarities, we analyze bird community composition across various habitats. The Parker index and Analysis of Variance evaluate bird sensitivity to habitat changes. Results indicate significant differences in bird communities and sensitivity based on forest and habitat types. The study provides insights into forest integrity, contributing to improved conservation practices in regenerating and human-altered forests. Limitations include assumptions due to limited fragmented plots, suggesting avenues for future research to enhance forest regeneration efforts.

Care trajectories and transitions at the end of life: a population-based cohort study.

End-of-life periods are often characterised by suboptimal healthcare use (HCU) patterns in persons aged 65years and older, with negative effects on health and quality of life. Understanding care trajectories (CTs) and transitions in this period can highlight potential areas of improvement, a subject yet only little studied. To propose a typology of CTs, including care transitions, for older individuals in the 2 years preceding death. Retrospective cohort study. We used multidimensional state sequence analysis and data from the Care Trajectories-Enriched Data (TorSaDE) cohort, a linkage between a Canadian health survey and Quebec health administrative data. In total, 2080 decedents were categorised into five CT groups. Group 1 demonstrated low HCU until the last few months, whilst group 2 showed low HCU over the first year, followed by a steady increase. A gradual increase over the 2 years was observed for groups 3 and 4, though more pronounced towards the end for group 3. A persistent high HCU was observed for group 5. Groups 2 and 4 had higher proportions of cancer diagnoses and palliative care, as opposed to comorbidities and dementia for groups 3 and 5. Overall, 68.4% of individuals died in a hospital, whilst 27% received palliative care there. Care transitions increased rapidly towards the end, most notably in the last 2 weeks. This study provides an understanding of the variability of CTs in the last two years of life, including place of death, a critical step towards quality improvement.

Identification of enset (ensete ventricoum (Welw.) cheesman) landraces and farmers preference in wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract The enset farming system in Ethiopia, a significant agricultural system, is primarily cultivated by the Wolaita people, who prefer different landraces due to their unique traits. Thus, this study aimed to identify a landrace with specific traits that farmers preferred in the Wolaita Zone in 2021 from 14 Kebeles, each with 15 households. The study used both qualitative and quantitative data. SPSS software was used quantitative analysis: cross-tabulation, descriptive statistics, multidimensional preference analysis, Pearson correlation, t and chi square tests. As a result, 93 landraces and 4 cultivars were identified with varying frequency and distribution within and between farms, indicating farmers’ preference for different traits. Enset landraces preferred for high yield of Kocho were: Gena, Anko-gena, Halla, Mazia, Ala-gena, Godaria, Tuzuma; Bulla were: Halla, Mazia, Tuzuma, Gena, Gefetanuwa, Anko-gena, Argama, Ala-gena, Shalakumia; Amicho use; Arkia, Agina, chichia, Sutia, Kabaria, Nakaka, Katania; For fiber strength and durability were: Halla, Tuzuma, Mazia Anko-gena, Argama and Ala-gena. Medicinal use: Lochingia, Gefetanuwa, Argama, and Arkia. For overall traits, the most preferred landrace in the study area was Halla, Mazia, Tuzuma, Anko-gena, Argama, Shalakumia, Gena, Kabaria, Wanadia, Ala-gena, Gefetanuwa, Nakaka, Lembuwa, Sutia, Arkia, Katania, Godaria, Chichia, and Lochingia in order. Therefore, enset landraces–mainly used for amicho were extensively used and having medicinal values were rarely grown due to their susceptibility to both biotic and abiotic factors was under threat of erosion. So, to sustain the production of different landraces, it is recommended to collect, conserve, and raise awareness among the young generation about specific traits.

Synergy Between NK Cells and Monocytes in Potentiating Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Severe COVID-19.

Evidence suggests that COVID-19 predisposes to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). While monocytes/macrophages play a central role in the immunopathogenesis of atherosclerosis, less is known about their immunopathogenic mechanisms that lead to CVDs during COVID-19. Natural killer (NK) cells, which play an intermediary role during pathologies like atherosclerosis, are dysregulated during COVID-19. Here, we sought to investigate altered immune cells and their associations with CVD risk during severe COVID-19. We measured plasma biomarkers of CVDs and determined phenotypes of circulating immune subsets using spectral flow cytometry. We compared these between patients with severe COVID-19 (severe, n=31), those who recovered from severe COVID-19 (recovered, n=29), and SARS-CoV-2-uninfected controls (controls, n=17). In vivo observations were supported using in vitro assays to highlight possible mechanistic links between dysregulated immune subsets and biomarkers during and after COVID-19. We performed multidimensional analyses of published single-cell transcriptome data of monocytes and NK cells during severe COVID-19 to substantiate in vivo findings. During severe COVID-19, we observed alterations in cardiometabolic biomarkers including oxidized-low-density lipoprotein, which showed decreased levels in severe and recovered groups. Severe patients exhibited dysregulated monocyte subsets, including increased frequencies of proinflammatory intermediate monocytes (also observed in the recovered) and decreased nonclassical monocytes. All identified NK-cell subsets in the severe COVID-19 group displayed increased expression of activation and tissue-resident markers, such as CD69 (cluster of differentiation 69). We observed significant correlations between altered immune subsets and plasma oxidized-low-density lipoprotein levels. In vitro assays revealed increased uptake of oxidized-low-density lipoprotein into monocyte-derived macrophages in the presence of NK cells activated by plasma of patients with severe COVID-19. Transcriptome analyses confirmed enriched proinflammatory responses and lipid dysregulation associated with epigenetic modifications in monocytes and NK cells during severe COVID-19. Our study provides new insights into the involvement of monocytes and NK cells in the increased CVD risk observed during and after COVID-19.

A Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Western Boy Band and Western Girl Group Song Lyrics

A Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Western Boy Band and Western Girl Group Song Lyrics

Transcriptome and proteome profiling reveals TREM2-dependent and -independent glial response and metabolic perturbation in an Alzheimer’s mouse model

Elucidating the intricate molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires a multidimensional analysis incorporating various omics data. In this study, we employed transcriptome and proteome profiling of AppNL-G-F, a human APP knock-in model of amyloidosis, at the early and mid-stages of amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology to delineate the impacts of Aβ deposition on brain cells. By contrasting AppNL-G-F mice with TREM2 (Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) knockout models, our study further investigates the role of TREM2, a well-known AD risk gene, in influencing microglial responses to Aβ pathology. Our results highlight altered microglial states as a central feature of Aβ pathology, characterized by the significant upregulation of microglia-specific genes related to immune responses such as complement system and antigen presentation, and catabolic pathways such as phagosome formation and lysosome biogenesis. The absence of TREM2 markedly diminishes the induction of these genes, impairs Aβ clearance, and exacerbates dystrophic neurite formation. Importantly, TREM2 is required for the microglial engagement with Aβ plaques and the formation of compact Aβ plaque cores. Furthermore, this study reveals substantial disruptions in energy metabolism and protein synthesis, signaling a shift from anabolism to catabolism in response to Aβ deposition. This metabolic alteration, coupled with a decrease in synaptic protein abundance, occurs independently of TREM2, suggesting the direct effects of Aβ deposition on synaptic integrity and plasticity. In summary, our findings demonstrate altered microglial states and metabolic disruption following Aβ deposition, offering mechanistic insights into Aβ pathology and highlighting the potential of targeting these pathways in AD therapy.

A Review of Research on Journey to the West: A Multi-Dimensional Analysis from Ming and Qing Commentaries to Modern Interpretations

Please refer to the URL that includes this article for the abstract.

Methodological analysis of theories of the concept of nation

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the main theoretical frameworks, taking a deeper look at theories related to the understanding of the issue of nationhood. Concepts and works of scientists who founded this concept were distinguished. Various perspectives on the formation of ethnic identity in modern societywere explored.Because the nation is a complex and multifaceted structure that includes various disciplines and has attracted the attention of researchers. Any kind of understanding of the problem of the nation creates certain methodological difficulties during its research. It is important to compare the ways of understanding it and to identify the relevant points of view.The article analyzes the approaches of primordialism, constructivism and instrumentalism. And in the course of the discussion, theories that offer opposing views on ethnic identities will be discussed. Through this multidimensional analysis, the article attempts to provide a comprehensive account of the study of ethnic identity.Combining insights from various theoretical perspectives, it offers insights into the dynamic nature of ethnic identities and their relationship to social cohesion and cultural diversity in contemporary societies. The importance of combining different theories for a comprehensive understanding of the nation is emphasized and recommendations are made for developing an appreciation of cultural diversity

A Multi-dimensional Analysis on the International Communication Effectiveness of Chinese Calligraphy

Please refer to the URL that includes this article for the abstract.

Scaling Up Departmental Health Insurance Units in Senegal: A Mixed-Method Study

ABSTRACT In response to the failure of community-based health insurance (CBHI) at the municipal level, some African countries are implementing district or departmental CBHIs to improve universal health coverage. After creating two CBHIs at the departmental level in 2014, Senegal launched a campaign to disseminate the model in 2022. This article presents the stakeholders’ perspectives on the factors and challenges of scaling up CBHI departmentalization in Senegal. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, utilizing concept mapping and a focus group to examine scaling up departmentalization. The sample size consists of 22 individuals involved in the process. The quantitative analysis includes hierarchical cluster analysis, multidimensional scaling analysis, and the Pearson coefficient test. The qualitative analysis involves content analysis to triangulate the findings. Participants identified 125 factors to consider for the departmentalization of CBHI. They were categorized into nine clusters according to their degree of importance (I) and ease to organize (F): service package (I: 4.07; F: 2,26), communication (I: 4.05; F: 2.96), governance (I: 3.96; F: 2,94), human and logistical resources (I: 3.94; F: 2,82), financing (I: 3.90; F: 2,31), involvement of the authorities (I: 3.82; F: 2.75), community involvement (I: 3.81; F: 2.76), membership (I: 3.70; F: 2.24, strategic planning and implementation (I: 3.57; F: 2,62). The main challenges faced were a process perceived as precipitous and vertical and needing more negotiation and consultation. The conditions for accompaniment and public funding availability need to be sufficiently considered. The study proposes avenues for action to promote the scaling up of CBHI departmentalization in Senegal.

More spoken or more translated?

Abstract This article explores the features of simultaneous interpreting (SI) from a multidimensional (MD) analysis perspective (Biber 1988), drawing on a newly built comparable intermodal corpus, the LegCo+ corpus. The corpus incorporates Cantonese speeches that are both interpreted and translated into English, as SI and written translation (WT), respectively. Additionally, a third English corpus consisting of English native speeches (NS), without mediation, serves as a benchmark comparison. We aim to examine the extent of similarities and differences between SI, NS and WT in terms of the linguistic patterns they display. Our findings show that: (1) SI is a hybrid language mode, exhibiting features that lie between those of non-mediated spoken language and mediated written language; (2) in terms of its spoken nature, SI resembles NS in certain dimensions where typical features are associated with orality, suggesting a strong modality effect; and (3) in terms of its mediated status, SI demonstrates similarities with WT, despite their perceptibly distinct modalities, pointing to a potential mediation-specific effect. These empirical findings emphasize the necessity of understanding the multidimensionality inherent in interpreted language.

Multidimensional Assessment Performance Analysis: A Framework to Advance Multilingual Learners’ Scientific Equity in K-12 Contexts

Evaluating science learning through written assessments for Multilingual Learners (MLs) can offer a critical source of information for educators aiming to adopt culturally and linguistically sustaining practices. However, without careful planning and design, written assessments for MLs can yield unreliable data. This conceptual article addresses this challenge by first examining the complexities of the written language of science and its impact on student learning. It then explores current literature and presents the Multidimensional Assessment Performance Analysis (MAPA) framework, a multimodal model for analyzing writing answers in multilingual educational contexts. MAPA integrates Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) to evaluate language use and Topic Models to allocate students based on their cognitive reasoning and thinking patterns. The article concludes with recommendations for classroom teachers and researchers to enhance assessment practices in science education for MLs.

Differential Evaluation of Ecological Resilience in 45 Cities along the Yangtze River in China: A New Multidimensional Analysis Framework

The rapid pace of urbanization and global climate change necessitates a thorough assessment of urban ecological resilience to cultivate sustainable regional ecosystem development. Cities along the Yangtze River face an intensifying conflict between ecological preservation and socio-economic growth. Analyzing the ecological resilience of these urban centers is essential for achieving equilibrium in regional urban ecosystems. This study proposes a “system process space” attribute analysis framework, taking into account urban development processes, ecosystem structure, and resilience evolution stages. Utilizing data from 45 Yangtze River cities, we establish a “Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, and Response” (DPSIR) evaluation index system to evaluate changes in ecological resilience levels and evolution trends from 2011 to 2022. Our findings indicate that: (1) The ecological resilience index of Yangtze River cities increased from 0.177 to 0.307 between 2011 and 2022, progressing through three phases: ecological resilience construction, rapid development, and stable development. (2) At the city level, ecological resilience along the Yangtze River exhibits uneven development characteristics. Upstream cities display a significant “stepped” pattern, midstream cities exhibit a significant “Matthew effect”, and downstream cities present a pyramid-shaped pattern. While regional differences in ecological resilience persist, overall polarization is gradually decreasing, intercity connections are strengthening, and there is a growing focus on coordinated regional development. (3) The spatial distribution of ecological resilience in Yangtze River cities demonstrates both continuity and evolution, generally forming a “core-edge” clustered pattern. Based on these findings, we recommend enhancing inter-city cooperation and connectivity, addressing imbalances in urban ecological resilience, and promoting high-quality ecological resilience development along the Yangtze River through tailored development strategies for each city.

Happy childhood: the search for an informative system of characteristics through the prism of eventfulness

The results of a study devoted to identifying the potential of using information about childhood events to explain the subsequent perception of childhood as a happy one are presented. Based on the assumption that the specificity of the eventfulness of the very first stage of life can determine the existence of groups with happy and unhappy childhood according to subjective estimates, a selection of childhood events has been made that most allow differentiating those who evaluate their childhood as happy and unhappy. As an empirical basis, the results of a survey of representatives of a youth group who have crossed the age of majority or are on its border are used. Among the 100 initial childhood events for analysis, groups of life episodes were identified, the presence and age of occurrence of which are associated with a retrospective assessment of childhood as happy. These are events related to the manifestation of subjectivity and its recognition by adults; consumer and financial socialization ; establishing relationships with peers and parents; independent movements and mobility; a variety of leisure practices and prosocial behavior; some manifestations of infantilism; the absence or later onset of certain traumatic events, deviant behavior practices, actions to change appearance. The listed groups of life episodes form the basis of an informative system of characteristics of a subjectively prosperous childhood and can be used in the future to implement models of multidimensional analysis.

Integrated Benefits of Sustainable Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste in a Pressure-State-Response Framework

This study presents the first application of the pressure-state-response (PSR) model in the comprehensive assessment of construction and demolition waste (CDW) recycling benefits. Unlike traditional methods, the PSR model provides a multi-dimensional analysis that integrates economic, environmental, and social factors, offering a more holistic approach to evaluating the impact of CDW recycling strategies. This model enables stakeholders to better understand the pressures, states, and responses involved in CDW management, providing actionable insights to optimize recycling efforts and support sustainable urban development. Using the pressure-state-response (PSR) logical framework of sustainable economics, this paper systematically analyzed the comprehensive benefit mechanism of the recycling of construction and demolition waste (CDW), and designed a comprehensive benefit evaluation model for CDW recycling. At the same time, taking Chongqing as an example, the management status of construction and demolition waste, the supply and demand matching of sustainable recycling products, and the impact of the input and output of CDW management were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) The recovery rate of urban manure fluctuated between 0.13 and 0.17, mainly in temporary landfill. (2) Based on the latest market demand data of CDW recycled products, the supply–demand ratio of recycled products fluctuated between 0.11 and 0.21. This change in the supply–demand ratio reflects improvements in recycling technologies, such as the introduction of C2CA technology, which has greatly increased the supply of high-quality recycled materials. In addition, government policies encouraging the use of recycled products in public projects have contributed to this shift, further aligning supply with market demand. (3) The benefit–cost ratio of CDW management reflects new recycling technologies and the improved efficiency of CDW management. The benefit–cost ratio, which currently fluctuates between 0.32 and 0.39, more accurately reflects the current state of CDW management, which is increasingly adopting advanced technologies, resulting in increased efficiency and reduced costs. Based on this, this paper discusses the supply–demand relationship and benefit–cost ratio in CDW management from supply-side and demand-side perspectives, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. The research results provide a clear reference for improving the efficiency of building demolition waste resource utilization, especially in optimizing the balance of market supply and demand, and improving the economic benefits of recycled products. By analyzing the balance between the supply and demand ratio and the benefit–cost ratio, this study helps inform policy makers, businesses, and investors, to promote the sustainable development of CDW recycling projects to maximize resource efficiency, while reducing environmental pressures. These results not only provide practical guidelines for the implementation of CDW recycling projects, but also lay a foundation for future policy formulation and the setting of industry standards.

Assessing the Implications of Deforestation and Climate Change on Rural Livelihood in Ghana: a Multidimensional Analysis and Solution-Based Approach.

The Ashanti region in Ghana, abundant in natural resources such as forests and vegetation biomes, significantly supports the livelihoods of a significant portion of the population. The sustainable management of forest resources remains a significant challenge to achieving environmental and economic growth and poverty alleviation. The study aims to identify the drivers of deforestation and assess its impact on the livelihoods of the poor and vulnerable communities in the Ashanti region. The study utilized qualitative and space-based data to examine the patterns of vegetation cover and deforestation from 2000 to 2020. The results revealed moderate to sparse vegetation in Ashanti from 2002, 2005, 2011, 2015, 2017, and 2018, with no vegetation in the northcentral part, attributed to climate change, agricultural practices, government policies, and deforestation-related disasters. The study found a significant correlation (R² = 0.8197) between years and deforestation areas, especially in 2018 at around 16,000 Sqkm, indicating an exponential increase with severe implications for sustainable livelihoods. Much of these changes were reflected in 2020 with a high peak of deforestation towards the southeastern parts of the region. Additionally, the results show that the poor groups are not passive actors but are actively involved in identifying systems and processes through which to build their adaptive capacity and resilience to environmental and climate change-induced changes. The findings provide evidence-based and all-inclusive approaches that would encourage vulnerable and marginalized groups to participate in the co-production and co-creation of policies and strategies. This outcome is geared towards transformative and sustainable communities while ensuring efficient and effective response and recovery capacities of deforested lands.

Environmental DNA reveals spatial and temporal variation in fish communities before the 10-year fishing ban in the Poyang Lake Basin

Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China, and its unique ecosystem is an important biodiversity reservoir. Fish play an important role in the aquatic ecosystem of Poyang Lake. Accurate assessment of fish species diversity and community composition is essential for studies of fish ecology and conservation management. In this study, environmental DNA metabarcoding was used to analyze fish diversity and community structure in different habitats and seasons in the Poyang Lake Basin. A total of 52 fish species were identified, and limnicolous fish were the most abundant; most fish were omnivorous and small. The fish diversity index was highest in the spring and in the main lake area of Poyang Lake. Cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis revealed significant differences in fish community structure among habitats. Water temperature and pH were the main environmental factors affecting fish community structure in the Poyang Lake Basin. Non-invasive environmental DNA monitoring methods could provide an important auxiliary method for monitoring fishery resources during the 10-year fishing ban period. This study provides basic information on the fish resources in the Poyang Lake Basin and has implications for fishery management and the development of ecological protection policies.

Molecular architecture of chitin and chitosan-dominated cell walls in zygomycetous fungal pathogens by solid-state NMR

Zygomycetous fungal infections pose an emerging medical threat among individuals with compromised immunity and metabolic abnormalities. Our pathophysiological understanding of these infections, particularly the role of fungal cell walls in growth and immune response, remains limited. Here we conducted multidimensional solid-state NMR analysis to examine cell walls in five Mucorales species, including key mucormycosis causative agents like Rhizopus and Mucor species. We show that the rigid core of the cell wall primarily comprises highly polymorphic chitin and chitosan, with minimal quantities of β-glucans linked to a specific chitin subtype. Chitosan emerges as a pivotal molecule preserving hydration and dynamics. Some proteins are entrapped within this semi-crystalline chitin/chitosan layer, stabilized by the sidechains of hydrophobic amino acid residues, and situated distantly from β-glucans. The mobile domain contains galactan- and mannan-based polysaccharides, along with polymeric α-fucoses. Treatment with the chitin synthase inhibitor nikkomycin removes the β-glucan-chitin/chitosan complex, leaving the other chitin and chitosan allomorphs untouched while simultaneously thickening and rigidifying the cell wall. These findings shed light on the organization of Mucorales cell walls and emphasize the necessity for a deeper understanding of the diverse families of chitin synthases and deacetylases as potential targets for novel antifungal therapies.