Mulberry Products Research Articles

Modulatory Effects of the Kuwanon-Rich Fraction from Mulberry Root Bark on the Renin-Angiotensin System.

In this study, we investigated the anti-hypertensive properties of mulberry products by modulating the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Comparative analysis showed that the ethyl acetate fractions, particularly from the Cheongil and Daeshim cultivars, contained the highest levels of polyphenols and flavonoids, with concentrations reaching 110 mg gallic acid equivalent (GE)/g and 471 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g of extract, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction showed superior angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, mainly because of the presence of the prenylated flavonoids kuwanon G and H. UPLC/Q-TOF-MS analysis identified kuwanon G and H as the primary active components, which significantly contributed to the pharmacological efficacy of the extract. In vivo testing of mice fed a high-salt diet showed that the ethyl acetate fraction substantially reduced the heart weight and lowered the serum renin and angiotensinogen levels by 34% and 25%, respectively, highlighting its potential to modulate the RAS. These results suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction of mulberry root bark is a promising candidate for the development of natural ACE inhibitors. This finding has significant implications for the management of hypertension through RAS regulation and the promotion of cardiovascular health in the functional food industry.

Tüketicilerin Mahreç İşaretli Gümüşhane Ev Tipi Dut Ürünleri Satın Alma Motivasyonu: Gümüşhane Örneği

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Gümüşhane’de ikamet eden tüketicilerin geleneksel yöntemlerle işlenmiş mahreç işaretli Gümüşhane ev tipi dut ürünlerini satın alması üzerinde etkili olan motivasyon faktörlerini ortaya koymak ve her bir kitle için müşteri odaklı pazarlama stratejilerini belirlemektir. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler, Basit Tesadüfi Örnekleme Yöntemi ile 2017 yılında Gümüşhane İlinde bu ürünleri tüketen 300 hane halkı ile yapılan anket çalışmasından elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, tüketim motivasyon faktörlerini belirlemek için Temel Bileşenler Analizi ve homojen tüketici gruplarını oluşturmak için de K-Ortalamalar Küme Analizinde kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları; mahreç işaretli Gümüşhane ev tipi dut ürünlerini yoğun düzeyde tüketen kullanıcıların satın alma memnuniyeti üzerinde kültürel entegrasyon ve sosyal çevrenin etkisi altında yüksek besin değerli beğenmeli mamullere ulaşımı temel alan hedonik ve faydacı motivasyon faktörlerinin önemine vurgu yapmıştır. Benzer şekilde, ılımlı düzeyde tüketen tüketicilerin tüketim motivasyonu üzerinde pozitif sağlık güdüsü altında yüksek besin değerli doğal yerel ürünlere doğrudan pazarlama yaklaşımı ile bölgesel kalkınmaya katkı sunan faydacı ve hedonik motivasyon faktörleri etkili olmuştur. Diğer taraftan düşük düzeyde dut ürünleri tüketen kullanıcılar, sosyal entegrasyon altında tamamlayıcılık niteliği arz eden beğenmeli doğal yerel ürünlere ulaşım için doğrudan pazarlama yaklaşımıyla bölgesel kalkınmaya katkı sunmak için hedonik motif faktörleri üzerine odaklanmışlardır. Sonuç olarak, her bir tüketici kitlesi için hedonik ve faydacı motivasyon odaklı pazarlama stratejilerinin uygulanması hem tüketicilerin tüketim memnuniyetlerini hem de arz edenlerin kazançlarını maksimum kılabilir.

Consumers’ Purchase Motivations Toward Gümüşhane Manufacturing Type Mulberry Products with Protected Geographical Indication

Consumers’ Purchase Motivations Toward Gümüşhane Manufacturing Type Mulberry Products with Protected Geographical Indication

Consumers’ consumption preferences towards Gumushane manufacturing type mulberry products with PGI: Case of Gumushane

Gümüşhane’de ikamet eden tüketicilerin teknolojik yöntemlerle işlenmiş menşe işaretli Gümüşhane imalat tipi dut ürünlerinin homojenleştirilmiş hedef tüketici kitleleri tarafından tercih edilme nedenlerini ve bu tüketicilerin satın alma modellerine dayalı müşteri odaklı pazarlama taktik ve stratejilerini belirlemek amacıyla, bu çalışma planlanmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler, Gümüşhane ilinde bu ürünleri tüketen 251 hane halkı ile yapılan anket çalışmasından elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, tüketim tercihi faktörlerini belirlemek için Principal Component Analiz (PCA) ve homojen tüketici gruplarını oluşturmak için de K-means Cluster analiz kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları; imalat tipi dut ürünlerini yoğun bir şekilde tüketen kullanıcılar, tüketim tercihlerinde duyusal kalite niteliklerini yansıtan ürün içeriğini gıda arz zinciri güvencesi ve güvenirliliği altında temel fayda sağlayan mamul imajlarına odaklandıklarını göstermiştir. Orta düzeyli kullanıcılar ise hem ev tipi işleme teknikleri hem de bu ürünlere erişim endişesine karşılık duyusal kalite algısını sürdürebilir kılan imalat tipi ürün içeriğinin arz zinciri güvencesi ve güvenirliliği altında mamul farklılaştırılması ile temin edilecek tüketim memnuniyetine ve onun kırsal kalkınmaya katkısına inanmışlardır. Diğer taraftan araştırma sonuçları, düşük seviyedeki kullanıcıların ev tipi dut ürünlerine erişim endişesine karşılık gıda arz zinciri güvenirliliği altında tasarlanmış gerçek imajlı imalat tipi dut ürünleri tüketim tercihlerinin hem sosyal çevre hem de hedonik kalite algıları tarafından belirlendiğini ortaya koymuştur.

Tüketicilerin PGI tescilli Gümüşhane ev tipi dut ürünleri tüketim tercihleri: Gümüşhane örneği

Gümüşhane’de ikamet eden tüketicilerin geleneksel yöntemlerle işlenmiş menşe işaretli Gümüşhane ev tipi dut ürünlerinin homojenleştirilmiş hedef tüketici kitleleri tarafından tercih edilme nedenlerini ve bu tüketicilerin satın alma modellerine dayalı müşteri odaklı pazarlama taktik ve stratejilerini belirlemek amacıyla, bu çalışma planlanmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler, Gümüşhane ilinde bu ürünleri tüketen 300 hane halkı ile yapılan anket çalışmasından elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, tüketim tercihleri ana faktörlerini belirlemek için Principal Component Analiz (PCA) ve tüketim sıklıklarına göre homojen tüketici grupları oluşturmak için de K-means Cluster analiz kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları; ev tipi dut ürünlerini yoğun bir şekilde tüketen kullanıcılar, satın alma kararı üzerinde yerli fındık-ceviz-dut, yüksek oranlı süt ve bal, fakat düşük düzeyli un ve su bileşiminden oluşan ürün içeriği ile geleneksel işleme teknikleri altında duyusal kalitenin yaratmış olduğu memnuniyet ile bölgesel kalkınmaya katkı sağlamaya istekli olduklarını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, orta düzeyli kullanıcılar, duyusal kalitenin temel belirleyicisi olan ürün içeriğinin geleneksek işleme tekniklerine dayalı temel fayda ve kısa arz zinciri güveni ile hedonik kalite tercihlerini kapsayan bileşik ürün imajına büyük bir önem atfetmektedir. Diğer taraftan düşük seviyedeki kullanıcılar, sosyal çevrenin etkisi ve besleyicilik güdüsü altında ürünle ilgili görsel deneyime dayalı olarak duyusal ve hedonik kalite algısına önem atfederek, gerçek ürün imajı altında kısa gıda arz zinciri güvencesi ile bölgesel kalkınmaya katkı sağlamak istedikleri analiz edilmiştir.

Molecular mechanism of mulberry response to drought stress revealed by complementary transcriptomic and iTRAQ analyses

BackgroundThe use of mulberry leaves has long been limited to raising silkworms, but with the continuous improvement of mulberry (Morus alba) resource development and utilization, various mulberry leaf extension products have emerged. However, the fresh leaves of mulberry trees have a specific window of time for picking and are susceptible to adverse factors, such as drought stress. Therefore, exploring the molecular mechanism by which mulberry trees resist drought stress and clarifying the regulatory network of the mulberry drought response is the focus of the current work.ResultsIn this study, natural and drought-treated mulberry grafted seedlings were used for transcriptomic and proteomic analyses (CK vs. DS9), aiming to clarify the molecular mechanism of the mulberry drought stress response. Through transcriptome and proteome sequencing, we identified 9889 DEGs and 1893 DEPs enriched in stress-responsive GO functional categories, such as signal transducer activity, antioxidant activity, and transcription regulator activity. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that a large number of codifferentially expressed genes were enriched in flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, hormone signalling pathways, lignin metabolism and other pathways. Through subsequent cooperation analysis, we identified 818 codifferentially expressed genes in the CK vs. DS9 comparison group, including peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDHs), glutathione s-transferase (GST) and other genes closely related to the stress response. In addition, we determined that the mulberry gene MaWRKYIII8 (XP_010104968.1) underwent drought- and abscisic acid (ABA)-induced expression, indicating that it may play an important role in the mulberry response to drought stress.ConclusionsOur research shows that mulberry can activate proline and ABA biosynthesis pathways and produce a large amount of proline and ABA, which improves the drought resistance of mulberry. MaWRKYIII8 was up-regulated and induced by drought and exogenous ABA, indicating that MaWRKYIII8 may be involved in the mulberry response to drought stress. These studies will help us to analyse the molecular mechanism underlying mulberry drought tolerance and provide important gene information and a theoretical basis for improving mulberry drought tolerance through molecular breeding in the future.

Effects of two drying methods on the stability and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds in mulberry fruits

Mulberry is a health-promoting fruit with abundant phenolic compounds. The effects of vacuum drying (VD) and vacuum freeze-drying (VFD) on oxidation resistance and polyphenols, including extractable and non-extractable phenols, were compared in the present work. The total polyphenols and antioxidant capacity of mulberry fruits treated with VFD were higher than those treated with VD. Thirteen phenolic compounds in fresh and dried mulberry fruits were identified and quantified by UPLC-QqQ/MS. The content of extractable phenol was significantly higher than that of non-extractable phenol. In addition, correlation analysis showed that flavonoids cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and phloretin were closely related to the total polyphenols and antioxidant activity. These results provide the basis for further development of dried mulberry products containing high content of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity.

Optimization of ultrasonic extraction of anthocyanin in mulberry residue by response surface methodology

Using local mulberry products in Chuxiong as raw material, skin residue was obtained after brewing mulberry wine, and the anthocyanin extraction process was optimized by ultrasonic assisted water extraction method. Firstly, the single factor experiment was used to study the effects of four different factors, namely, ratio of feed to liquid, temperature, time and ultrasonic power, on anthocyanin extraction from mulberries. On the basis of single factor test, the optimal design of response surface was analyzed. According to the analysis results and practical verification, the optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions for anthocyanin in mulberries were determined as follows: the extraction time was 40 min, the extraction temperature was 45 °C, and the ultrasonic power was 305 W. Under these conditions, the anthocyanin content was 5.212 mg/g.

Dietary 5,6,7-Trihydroxy-flavonoid Aglycones and 1-Deoxynojirimycin Synergistically Inhibit the Recombinant Maltase-Glucoamylase Subunit of α-Glucosidase and Lower Postprandial Blood Glucose.

1-Deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) is the major effective component of mulberry leaves, exhibiting inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. However, due to the low content of 1-DNJ in mulberry products, its level cannot meet the lowest dose to exhibit its activity. In this study, a combination of dietary 5,6,7-trihydroxy-flavonoid aglycones with 1-DNJ showed synergistic inhibitory activity against maltase of mice α-glucosidase and recombinant C- and N-termini of maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM) and baicalein with 1-DNJ exhibited the strongest synergistic effect. The synergistic effect of the combination was also confirmed by the maltose tolerance test in vivo. Enzyme kinetics, molecular docking, fluorescence spectrum, and circular dichroism spectrometry studies indicated that the major mechanism of the synergism is that baicalein was a positive allosteric inhibitor and bound to the noncompetitive site of MGAM, causing an increase of the binding affinity of 1-DNJ to MGAM. Our results might provide a theoretical basis for the design of dietary supplements containing mulberry products.

Antioxidant activity and the potential for cholesterol-lowering of phenolic extract ofMorus alba,Morus multicaulis, andMorus laevigataleaves from Yunnan (China)

The free and bound phenolic extracts of leaves from three mulberry species, Morus alba Linn., M. multicaulis Perr., and M. laevigata Wall. from Yunnan (China), were evaluated for the first time to examine their phenolic composition, antioxidant, and cholesterol-lowering capacity in HepG2 cells. The result showed that the total phenolic content of six extracts were ranged from 0.54 to 17.63 mg GAE/g DW, and the total flavonoids content varied from 0.52 to 35.62 mg RE/g DW. Chlorogenic acid, Rutin, and Catechin were the main compounds in the selected mulberries. The antioxidant properties in a positive correlation with the phenolic contents of mulberries were exhibited. The free phenolic extract of M. multicaulis Perr. significantly decrease the intracellular cholesterol content in HepG2 cells. In a word, the free phenolic extracts of M. multicaulis Perr. could be used as for further nutritional studies for cholesterol-lowering in the food and medicine industries. Practical applications Mulberry leaves, especially M. multicaulis could be used for the development of mulberry products by the functional food industry. Actually, attending to their phenolic composition, mulberry leaves could be used for the development of teas and other beverages. Their extracts could also be used as additives to create or fortify foods such as muesli bars, yoghurts, and so on. Moreover, owing to their particular phenolic composition, they can be considered promising sources of phytochemical compounds with proven biological activities. Nevertheless, whether the consumption of a mulberry leaves tea can be beneficial to human health is a question that deserves further works on their bioavailability and biological properties. In addition to these, mulberry leaves also have a significant potential used in medicine industry.

Effect of Ensiled Mulberry Leaves and Sun-Dried Mulberry Fruit Pomace on Finishing Steer Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, and Carcass Characteristics

Fifty-one Simmental crossbred steers (357.0±16.5 kg) were used to compare a standard total mix ration (TMR) with variants on animal performance, ruminal fermentation, blood biochemical parameters, and carcass characteristics. Corn grain and cotton seed meal were partially replaced by ensiled mulberry leaves (EML) or sun-dried mulberry fruit pomace (SMFP). Experimental diets had similar amounts of crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and metabolizable energy (ME). Animals were divided into three groups: control group (CONT), 8% EML group, and 6.3% SMFP group. Performance, including average daily weight gain (ADG), and dry matter intake (DMI), was measured. Blood and rumen samples were collected at the end of the experiment (16 weeks). There were no differences in final body weight (P = 0.743), ADG (P = 0.425), DMI (P = 0.642), or ADG/DMI (P = 0.236) between the groups. There were no differences (P = 0.2024) in rumen pH values; ammonia N was lower (P = 0.0076) in SMFP than in the EML and CONT groups. There were differences in the concentrations of total and individual volatile fatty acids, while no differences were determined in blood biochemical parameters (i.e., plasma glucose, urea concentrations, triglycerides, total protein, insulin, IgG, alanine transaminase, and aspartate aminotransferase, P ≥ 0.098). No differences were observed in carcass characteristics (P ≥ 0.513), tenderness (P = 0.844), adipose and lean color values (P ≥ 0.149), and chemical composition (P ≥ 0.400); however, intramuscular fat was lower in the EML and SMFP groups compared to the CONT animals (P = 0.034). In conclusion, diets supplemented with these two mulberry products in an isocaloric and isonitrogenous manner have similar effects to corn grain and cotton seed meals on steer performance, blood biochemical parameters and carcass characteristics, with the exception of ruminal VFA concentrations and lower intramuscular fat content.

Antioxidant activity and polyphenol composition of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) products

BACKGROUND: Today, due to its nutritive value, black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) is consumed both as fresh and in processed forms. OBJECTIVE: In order to investigate the health-related constituents of black mulberry products, total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, antioxidant capacity and major phenolic compounds were determined for different products including fresh mulberry, dried mulberry, mulberry wine, molasses, ice cream, juice, jam and syrup. METHODS: Samples were obtained as three replicates, and total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, antioxidant capacity were determined by spectrophotometric methods, whereas major phenolic compounds were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a photodiode array (PDA) detector. RESULTS: In analyzed samples, chlorogenic acid, rutin and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside were confirmed as the major phenolic acid, flavonol and anthocyanin, respectively. In general, fresh mulberry showed higher contents of total phenolics (0.49–57 fold higher), flavonoids (0.02–162 fold higher), anthocyanins (6-12209 fold higher) and antioxidant capacity (0.72–691 fold higher) compared to other products. Total flavonoids and phenolics showed a linear relationship with antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC: R2 = 0.9070 and R2 = 0.8959, respectively), indicating that flavonoids and phenolics were the major contributors to the antioxidant capacity. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide valuable insights into the biochemical composition of black mulberry and how this may change during fruit processing.

Physicochemical and sensory properties of mulberry products: Gümüşhane pestil and köme

'Pestil' and 'kome', well known as traditional Turkish foods, are prepared from a mulberry, honey, walnut, hazelnut, and flour mixture. Although they have been produced for the last few decades on an industrial scale, the production methods and properties of the products are not standardized yet. Gumushane pestil and kome have been registered and attained Geographical Registration Certificates from the Turkish Patent Institute with their unique production methods and properties, among many similar products in the world markets. Thus, some biochemical, physical, and sensory properties of pestil and kome were investigated. In addition, the main raw material (mulberry) and semifinished product ('herle') were analyzed for some biochemical, physical, and rheological parameters. The characteristics of pestil and kome ranged from 9.78% to 20.06% for moisture content, 0.52% to 1.48% for crude fiber, 4.34% to 7.42% for protein, 41.04% to 62.54% for total sugar, and 37.52% to 56.23% for invert sugar, and the thickness, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), total phenolic content, and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power antioxidant activity ranged from 0.80 to 1.25 mm, 18.15 to 27.94 mg kg-1, 25 to 32 mg GAE per 100 g, and 81 to 92 mM TE g-1, respectively. Strong correlations between sugar contents and HMF content and between HMF and antioxidant activity (r > 0.5) were identified separately. The consistency index for herle was determined as 9.7-65.9 Pa s. Color parameters (L, a, and b) were read, and the difference in L between the product types was found to be statistically significant. Gumushane pestil and kome were found to be very different from other similar fruit leather products that are commercially available in terms of production method, composition, and biological and physical properties.

Chlorogenic acid and rutin play a major role in the in vivo anti-diabetic activity of Morus alba leaf extract on type II diabetic rats.

The leaves of the white mulberry tree (Morus alba L.) are used worldwide in traditional medicine as anti-diabetics. Various constituents of mulberry leaves, such as iminosugars (i.e. 1-deoxynojirimicin), flavonoids and related compounds, polysaccharides, glycopeptides and ecdysteroids, have been reported to exert anti-diabetic activity, but knowledge about their contribution to the overall activity is limited. The objective of the present work was to determine the in vivo anti-diabetic activity of an extract of mulberry leaves (MA), and to examine to what extent three major constituents, chlorogenic acid, rutin and isoquercitrin, might contribute to the observed activity. Quantities of the three constituents of interest in the extract were determined by using HPLC-DAD. Activity was determined by using a type II diabetic rat model. After 11 days of per os administration of 250 or 750 mg/kg of MA or the corresponding amounts of each individual compound, a dose dependent decrease of non-fasting blood glucose levels were found for MA, chlorogenic acid and rutin, but not for isoquercitrin. Based on our results, chlorogenic acid and rutin might account for as much as half the observed anti-diabetic activity of MA, hence they can be considered as excellent markers for the quality control of mulberry products.

A Development of Laminating Mulberry Paper by Biodegradable Films

Abstract Currently, the light has shed on the ecological-friendly products. The mulberry products, especially hand-made paper, are wildly facilitated as general wares or decoration. The research on the lamination of the mulberry paper with biodegradable films can ameliorate the usability, corresponding to the modernisation and green products. Meticulously, the laminating machine is designed and created in this research, with the size 98 x 118 x 126 centimetres. The machine is consisted of the roller driver and the infrared heater. The laminate film will be pulled by the roller driver and be passed the latex glue and infrared heater. Subsequently, the film will be coated on the mulberry paper by the rubber roller. The experimental results show that the best lamination is at speed 3.72 m/min. In addition, the biodegradable film has thickness 40 μm and tensile strength is 40.22 MPa. Tensile strength of normal mulberry paper is 37.07 MPa, but 79.14 MPa after the lamination. The laminated mulberry-paper is more attractive, strengthening, and lotus effect. The surface becomes smooth, easily to print and to clean out the dirt.

Effects of Various Mulberry Products on the Blood Glucose and Lipid Status of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

The study aim was to investigate the effects of three types of mulberry products on the blood glucose and lipid sta- tuses and peroxidative state under diabetic condition. The three types were mulberry liquor prepared by adding 30% ethanol to the crushed fresh fruit, mulberry wine and vinegar by fermentation. For diet experiment the mulberry liquor (M-Liquor), wine (M-Wine), and vinegar (M-Vinegar) were prepared as powders by freeze-drying of the respective pro- duct and were added to the diet at the level of 1% and mulberry fruit powder (M-Powder) at the level of 5%. Sprague- Dawley female rats weighing 150 ± 10 g were randomly assigned to one normal group, and five diabetic groups in- duced by one intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at the level of 50 mg/kg. The normal and diabetic control (DM-Control) groups were fed diet without the mulberry products. During twenty-one days of experimental diet, blood glucose was maintained at a low level in the M-Liquor group compared with the DM-Control group. However, serum insulin level was higher in both M-Liquor and M-Vinegar groups after the experimental diet period. Serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) were lower in M-Liquor but HDL-/total cholesterol ratios were higher in the four M groups. The TG liver level was lower in M-Powder and M-Vinegar groups but the cholesterol level was lower in M- Powder than in the DM-Control group. Serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were not different among the groups but the liver levels of these substances were lower in the four M groups than in DM-Control. Serum GOT and GPT levels were not changed by the mulberry products. These results indicated that mulberry liquor is the most effective among the four mulberry products for normalizing blood glucose and lipid status and that all the mulberry products were effective in enhancing antioxidant defense in the diabetic state. (Korean J Nutr 2010; 43(6): 551 ~ 560)

Food-Grade Mulberry Powder Enriched with 1-Deoxynojirimycin Suppresses the Elevation of Postprandial Blood Glucose in Humans

Mulberry 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), a potent glucosidase inhibitor, has been hypothesized to be beneficial for the suppression of abnormally high blood glucose levels and thereby prevention of diabetes mellitus. However, DNJ contents in commercial mulberry products were as low as about 0.1% (100 mg/100 g of dry product), implying that the bioavailability of DNJ might not be expected. We carried out studies in two directions: (1) production of food-grade mulberry powder containing a maximally high DNJ content; (2) determination of the optimal dose of the DNJ-enriched powder for the suppression of the postprandial blood glucose through clinical trials. The following method was used: (1) DNJ concentrations in mulberry leaves from different cultivars, harvest seasons, and leaf locations were determined using hydrophilic interaction chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection. (2) Healthy volunteers received 0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 g of DNJ-enriched powder (corresponding to 0, 6, 12, and 18 mg of DNJ, respectively), followed by 50 g of sucrose. Before and 30-180 min after the DNJ/sucrose administration, plasma glucose and insulin were determined. The following results were obtained: (1) Young mulberry leaves taken from the top part of the branches in summer contained the highest amount of DNJ. After optimization of the harvesting and drying processes for young mulberry leaves (Morus alba L. var. Shin ichinose), DNJ-enriched powder (1.5%) was produced. (2) A human study indicated that the single oral administration of 0.8 and 1.2 g of DNJ-enriched powder significantly suppressed the elevation of postprandial blood glucose and secretion of insulin, revealing the physiological impact of mulberry DNJ (effective dose and efficacy in humans). This study suggests that the newly developed DNJ-enriched powder can be used as a dietary supplement for preventing diabetes mellitus.