MT Methods Research Articles

A Survey on the MT Methods for Indian Languages: MT Challenges, Availability, and Production of Parallel Corpora, Government Policies and Research Directions

A Survey on the MT Methods for Indian Languages: MT Challenges, Availability, and Production of Parallel Corpora, Government Policies and Research Directions

Effectiveness of Conventional and Minimized Tillage Practices on Soil Quality Properties and Maize Yield Attributes

The effects of tillage systems on soil properties and crop productivity have been the subject of many studies to ensure sustainable productivity. Aims: In the study, the effects of different tillage methods applied in the intermediate period of wheat-maize rotation on the soil quality properties and corn yield elements were investigated in the pre-planting period (PP) and plant growth period (PGP) of corn. Methods: Conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage with subsoiling and chisel (MT1), minimum tillage with subsoiling (MT2), minimum tillage with chisel (MT3) and direct sowing (DS) methods were compared. As a result of the tillage practices, at 0-20 cm, the highest bulk density values were measured in the DS and CT methods, and 20-40 cm was determined in the CT method. The penetration resistance values of the soils measured at a depth of 0-80 cm were significantly affected by the applications made in both PP and PGP. The highest saturation value was measured in the MT3, the highest field capacity and plant available water contents were measured in the DS. The effects of the applications on the chemical properties of the soil and the nutrient content of the corn plant were limited. The effects on only grain protein ratio from yield components of corn plant were significant, the highest value was measured in CT. Considering the sustainable management of soils labour requirement and lower costs it was concluded that DS and MT methods are more applicable than CT methods in terms of yield.

Motor Evaluation of Lateral Reaching Motion in the Elderly Based on Similarity Using DTW and MT Methods

Motor Evaluation of Lateral Reaching Motion in the Elderly Based on Similarity Using DTW and MT Methods

A comparison of MT and RT methods for missing data analysis methods

A comparison of MT and RT methods for missing data analysis methods

PP90 Effectiveness Of Music Therapy For Autism Spectrum Disorder, Dementia, Depression, Insomnia, And Schizophrenia

IntroductionMusic therapy (MT) is a complementary creative arts treatment aimed at maintaining, restoring, and furthering physical, emotional, and mental health. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of MT for the treatment of autism spectrum disorder, dementia, depression, insomnia, and schizophrenia. In addition, the MT methods used for these indications were analyzed.MethodsFor this update of five Cochrane reviews, four databases (Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO) were systematically searched for studies published from 2013 to 2020. Two review authors independently performed the study selection and data extraction. The methodological quality of the included trials was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized controlled trials.ResultsTen RCTs (1,248 patients) met the inclusion criteria. For schizophrenia, no study could be included. MT improved the following: behavior, social communication, and the parent-child relationship in patients with autism; mood for patients with depression; and sleep quality for patients with insomnia. In patients with dementia, MT enhanced mood, behavior (severe disease stage), and cognitive function, whereas cognition was unchanged. Memory was improved only in the mild disease stage. None of the studies observed any significant long-term effects of MT in these patient groups. Both active (playing music) and receptive (listening to music) methods were used for dementia, whereas active methods were applied for autism spectrum disorder and depression. For insomnia, only receptive methods were used.ConclusionsThe findings of this update of reviews provides evidence that MT may help patients diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder, dementia, depression, insomnia, or schizophrenia. It is crucial to focus on patient-related evidence-based health care. MT improves physical, psychological, and social aspects, but more research investigating the long-term effects of MT in these patient groups is needed as it is crucial to know how long the effects of MT last.

Comparison of Kinesio Taping and manual therapy in the treatment of patients with bruxism using shear-wave elastography-A randomised clinical trial.

Bruxism is significantly associated with craniofacial pain, feeling of stiffness or fatigue of the jaw and neck pain.Various physiotherapeutic strategies are used in the treatment of bruxism; however, it is not clear which method leads to greater decrease in pain. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of two physiotherapy methods (manual therapy [MT] and Kinesio taping with manual therapy [KTMT]) in patients with bruxism. Patients were randomised into MT or KTMT groups. Evaluations were performed at baseline and following 4weeks of physiotherapy. Muscle thickness and stiffness were assessed via shear wave elastography; pain thresholds were evaluated using algometer. Sleep quality was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and quality of life was assessed with Likert scales regarding the associated symptoms. Significant decreases were found in muscle stiffness, pain threshold, sleep quality and quality of life (P<.05) in both MT and KTMT groups. Pain in bilateral temporalis and right occipital region of the trapezius muscle decreased more in the KTMT group compared with the MT group (P<.05). No significant differences in muscle thickness (P>.05) were found in either of the groups. Both MT and KTMT methods were effective in the treatment of bruxism. Kinesio Tape used in conjunction with MT has additionally decreased jaw pain and temporal region pain compared with MT intervention only. Therefore, if jaw pain is the primary complaint of a patient, our results recommend including Kinesio Tape application in the physiotherapeutic treatment program.

TSMGWO: Optimizing Task Schedule Using Multi-Objectives Grey Wolf Optimizer for Cloud Data Centers

Cloud computing is considered to be the best solution for addressing the increasing computing requirements of high-performance applications. The efficient performance of the system requires optimal mapping of cloud tasks to resources. However, it is challenging to address computing and storage requirements of high-performance applications while achieving conflicting scheduling objectives like throughput, makespan, resource utilization. This work proposes a metaheuristic approach called task schedule using a multi-objective grey wolf optimizer (TSMGWO) to find near-optimal task scheduling solutions while handling conflicting objectives. The TSMGWO approach has been evaluated using three benchmark datasets, namely, GoCJ, HCSP and Synthetic dataset. The results are compared with heuristic FCFS and MT methods, and metaheuristic methods PSO, GA and WOA. The TSMGWO approach reduces makespan upto 67.52% over FCFS method, 60.93%, over PSO, 38.05% over GA, and 23.22% over WOA methods for 100 tasked cloud workload using GoCJ dataset. It reduces makespan upto 60.95% over FCFS method, 55.79% over MT method, 47.04% over PSO, 33.38% over GA and 19.91% over WOA method using synthetic dataset. Similarly, TSMGWO reduces makespan upto 27.03% over MT method, 18.95% over PSO, 11.90% over GA and 7.5% over WOA method using HSCP workload. The comparative analysis demonstrates that TSMGWO approach outperforms the earlier heuristic and metaheuristic methods using benchmark datasets in the cloud environment.

RNN-LSTM-GRU based language transformation

In past, rule-based and statistical machine translation techniques were employed to solve Urdu transliteration techniques. As mentioned in the literature, Urdu is considered as low-resource language. An impressive effort has been made for Arabic, French and Chinese language transliteration as compared to the Urdu language. Machine translation of Urdu language is a challenging problem. A very minute research work has been conducted toward Urdu transliteration. Factors behind the ignorance of Urdu language in research may be for its morphological complexity, diversity and most importantly due to the lack of reasonable bilingual parallel dataset. Getting a corpus for a language transliteration is the main resource to work on. This paper demonstrates the application of neural machine translation (NMT) for Urdu language transliteration, with the emphasis on contextual coverage of a language, which helps to improve transliteration accuracy. Build a robust NMT model which delivers efficient performance when trained over bilingual parallel corpora. Neural machine translation is an emerging technique depicting impressive performance, better than traditional MT methods in multiple aspects. In this research, we build the NMT model for the Urdu language to improve transliteration quality. An attention-based encoder–decoder system is proposed, and our experiment proves the efficiency of the proposed approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort for Urdu language bidirectional transliteration toward neural machine translation.

Tectonics of the northern Canadian Cordillera imaged using modern magnetotelluric analysis

Magnetotelluric data from LITHOPROBE SNORCLE Corridor 2 in western Canada crossing the Rocky Mountain Trench-Tintina Fault between 56° and 60°N have been analyzed using modern MT methods to provide new insights into the tectonics of the North American Cordillera and Ancestral North America. Resistivity images of the crust were obtained using two independent sets of unconstrained 2-D inversions and constrained 2-D inversions incorporating seismic constraints. Structure to the west of the Tintina Fault includes uniform, moderate, mid to lower crustal resistivity in a seismically-defined westward-tapering wedge of Ancestral North American rocks. To the east, between the Tintina Fault and the Liard line, a transfer zone in asymmetric Neoproterozoic rifting, the wedge includes a major synformal conductor that parallels seismic reflections. The large lateral changes in resistivity can be explained by transition between different blocks of asymmetric rifting. The synformal conductor is attributed to graphitic rocks from the Aida Formation of the Mesoproterozoic Muskwa Assemblage that were re-distributed in a sag basin on the lower plate margin in the Blackwater Block. Spatially-complex upper crustal resistivity in the Cordillera can be interpreted in terms of lithological variations and alteration processes. An east-dipping conductor in Stikinia is attributed to east-dipping Jurassic and relatively high conductivity beneath the Eskay rift may be explained by crustal fertilization. A conductor in the Cache Creek terrane is attributed to listwanite alteration of ultramafic bodies on the King Salmon Fault, and high conductivity in the Slide Mountain terrane within the Sylvester Allochthon to localized carbonaceous alteration. A series of conductors above North American Basement is attributed to deformation and metamorphic processes associated with Mesozoic thrust faulting. To the west of the Tintina Fault the source material for these conductors is likely from the Stikinia terrane, and to the east it is likely from the Muskwa Assemblage.

Prediction of &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; organic matter digestibility of ruminant feeds using &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; techniques

Prediction equations derived from in situ and in vitro analytical techniques to determine in vivo organic matter digestibility (OMD) are useful tools to estimate the quality of livestock feed. Most derived equations are aimed at groups of feedstuffs (forages or concentrates) or feeds separately. In this study of OMD, the prediction equations of the modified two-stage Tilley & Terry in vitro technique (MT) and pepsin-acid multi-enzymatic technique (PME) are compared, validated, and improved in relation to verified in vivo results using feedstuffs and complete diets. Initial comparison with in vivo data showed that the combined dataset and that of single feedstuffs achieved acceptable R 2 values for both MT and PME (0.88 and 0.92, 0.87 and 0.89, respectively). The validation with the second dataset established that the initial equations were valid with R 2 values of 0.96 for MT and 0.91 for PME on the combined feeds dataset. The establishment of a prediction equation using both datasets resulted in improved R 2 values over the initial equation. With combined feeds using MT it was 0.94, compared with 0.88, and using PME, it was 0.91 compared with 0.87. No significant decrease occurred in the variation of OMD between the datasets, as explained by the model when omitting on separate slope and intercept, thus confirming the same population assumption. The data sets could be combined for a new prediction equation. The R 2 values were 0.94 and 0.91 for MT and PME methods for combined feeds, respectively. The new improved in vivo prediction equation in each instance was thus valid and a true improvement on the initial prediction equations. The PME method can be used for predicting OMD as it negates the use of rumen liquor and confidently replaces MT OMD determinations. Keywords: Modified two-stage in vitro , multi-enzymatic, pepsin acid, rumen liquor, validation

Artificial intelligence models for prediction of the aeration efficiency of the stepped weir

Stepped weir is a commonly used hydraulic structure in water treatment plants to enhance the air-water transfer of oxygen or nitrogen and volatile organic components. The flow regimes on stepped weir are classified into nappe, transition and skimming flow. This study presents the novel application of artificial intelligence methods to evaluate the aeration efficiency over stepped weir for the three flow regimes. Two methods were adopted in this study, namely, the evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR) and the M5 model tree (M5 MT). A total of 151 laboratory experimental data sets were collected from the literature to train and test the artificial intelligence models. The Mallow's coefficient CP was used to determine the effective variables affecting aeration efficiency. It was found that weir steps number, slope, the flow Reynolds number, and the ratio of the critical flow depth to the step height are the most important variables providing the lowest Cp. Both the EPR and M5 MT methods provided satisfactory predictions for the aeration efficiency. The two methods have high values of correlation coefficient R> 0.93 and low values for the root mean square error RMSE< 0.052 and relative mean absolute error RMAE< 0.065. However, the EPR method has an advantage over the M5 MT method that it provides one equation for each regime, while the M5 MT method provides a number of equations for each regime. This will make the equations of the EPR method more attractive to the practitioners compared to the equations of the M5 MT method. It was found that the equations obtained from artificial intelligence methods in this study perform better than the currently existing equations in the litrature obtained from regressive methods.

足浴による入浴効果のMT法による評価(3) ―入浴剤使用時におけるMT法による入浴効果の解明―

足浴による入浴効果のMT法による評価(3) ―入浴剤使用時におけるMT法による入浴効果の解明―

The application of Musical choice method in group of adolescents admitted in the institution of social care

The institutions of social care offer big number of different possibilities for application MT methods and employment for professional music therapists. This paper will present the application of Musical Choice Method (MCM), a new reductive MT method, which contributes to the quality of life, stimulates development, treatment, education, rehabilitation, adaptation and communication in the institutions of social care. It will be a described structure of MCM session and specific circumstances in application of MCM in this setting. The paper will present results of qualitative analysis of MCM application during 13 MCM group sessions in Shelter for Children, Belgrade. The group of adolescents was heterogeneous according to the nationality, age, gender and reasons for admission. The scale of social skills will present results in control of aggression, level of initiative, communication, collectivism and cooperation. The qualitative MCM analysis according to the projection level will present “MCM forms” based o...

Alternative Thawing Methods for the Blanched/Non‐Blanched Potato Cubes: Microwave, Ohmic, and Carbon Fiber Plate Assisted Cabin Thawing

AbstractThe effects of conventional‐C, carbon fiber plate assisted cabinet heater‐CPAC, ohmic‐OT, and microwave thawing‐MT techniques on changes of some quality characteristics and resistant starch (RS) content of potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) cubes (18 × 18 × 18 mm) were investigated. The effects of blanching prior to the freezing on thawing characteristics were also determined. The thawing times of non‐blanched samples were determined as 23,580 ± 485 s, 5360 ± 40 s, 205 ± 18.25 s and 19.26 ± 1.49 s for conventional, CPAC, OT, and MT methods, respectively. The blanching process increased the thawing times in general. OT and CPAC thawing methods served lower RS content for thawed potato samples. The potato cubes thawed by OT and MT were softer than C and CPAC thawed potato cubes (P &lt; 0.05). The highest color change was found for MT of blanched samples and conventional thawing of non‐blanched samples. The electrical methods could be alternative thawing methods in terms of providing shorter thawing times and desirable changes on some quality characteristics.Practical ApplicationsThe conventional thawing of high amount of frozen food products have posed a problem for catering industry. The long thawing time, drip loss issues, quality loses and possible microbial spoilage are lacks of conventional thawing method. The electroheating methods such as ohmic, microwave and unique carbon fiber plate assisted cabinet heating were employed as alternative thawing techniques. Thawing time of potato cubes were shortened and quality characteristics, such as drip loss, texture profile, color properties and resistant starch (RS), were improved by novel thawing methods. The obtained results reveal that the application of alternative thawing methods may lead to decreasing of the operating cost due to shorter process time and minimizing the changes in color, texture and nutritional compounds.

足浴による入浴効果のMT法による評価(4):－足浴効果の評価の妥当性の検討－

足浴による入浴効果のMT法による評価(4):－足浴効果の評価の妥当性の検討－

電磁気法探査（ＥＭ法探査）技術の現状と展望―地震探査との統合型解析に向けて―

Electromagnetic (EM) methods have been developed for estimating the apparent resistivity or conductivity of material composing subsurface structure depending on survey objectives, while seismic methods are applied mainly to understand geological structure or stratigraphy. Magnetotelluric subsurface sounding (MT) methods are proven tools detect high-conductivity anomalies in the Earth's interior; controlled source EM (CSEM) methods detect high-conductivity anomalies; and, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods estimate “the mean free path” of hydrogen atoms in various molecules composing underground materials. Regarding methodologies, EM methods frequently applied in practice are: (1) natural source MT methods, (2) artificial source MT or EM methods, and (3) borehole EM methods. The fundamental principles of these methods can be summarized as measuring the induction effects of a survey target using a natural or artificial electromagnetic source. Finally, we investigate examples of recent EM approaches in connection with seismic methods and discuss the integration of survey data from both methods as a key to exploring underground structures not only in terms of stratigraphic interpretation but also for estimating material physical properties.

Preliminary Understanding of Near-Field Effect of CSAMT in Electric Azimuthally Anisotropic Half-Space

This paper reviews the spatial characteristics of electromagnetic fields induced by a horizontal electric dipole on the surface of a horizontal layered earth with azimuthal anisotropy. It is well known that depth of investigation becomes independent of frequency and dependent upon array geometry in the near-field zone, thus limiting the interpretation of data by conventional MT methods. On the basis of existing theory, we estimate the far-field distance (FFD) of a homogeneous half-space with azimuthal anisotropy through numerical modeling. To define FFD, there are two criteria suggested in the study. If the anisotropic parameter is constant, the FFD is linearly increasing with resistivity increasing in strike direction for all operating frequencies. From comprehensive analysis, the FFD along the strike direction should be estimated by comparing a relative difference between the responses of CSAMT and MT in TM-mode; the FFD along the direction perpendicular to the strike should be estimated by comparing relative difference between responses of CSAMT and MT in TE-mode. In an azimuthally anisotropic half-space, the near-field effect is more severe in the strike direction than in its orthogonal direction. These simple but quantitative analyses aim to understand the near-field effect before inverting data using a far field approximation for CSAMT exploration in azimuthally anisotropic conductive media.

Exploration for deep Paleozoic sediments in Uzbekistan using MT: Project “Paleorift”

To maintain self-sufficiency in oil, Uzbekistan is systematically exploring all oil-prospective basins in the country, including the Bukharo-Khivinsky paleorift (BKP) in central Uzbekistan. The BKP has a prospective area of 14 100 km2 and contains an estimated 63 000 km3 of prospective Paleozoic sediments below gas-producing Mesozoic sediments. The ``Paleorift' project (begun in November 2001) is an integrated project comprising ten regional profiles 80?90 km long that will include seismic (using new 3D equipment), MT, gravity, magnetics, and thermometry. The field work began with MT because MT costs less than seismic, is easy and quick to use and interpret, causes minimal disturbance to agricultural land, and is definitive in this application. Uzbekneftegaz has long experience with MT and other electrical methods and routinely uses them before seismic. Approx. 350 MT stations were measured on three of the regional profiles (1 km station spacing) and on two ``prospecting' profiles (500 m station spacing) over known Mesozoic gas deposits. The profiles mapped the boundaries of the BKP central graben, a crustal conductor in the north part of the BKP, a gas-producing Jurassic structural high, and a resistivity low associated with the gas deposits.

Evaluation of Footbath Effect by MT Methods(1)

Evaluation of Footbath Effect by MT Methods(1)

Deep structures of the east Dabie ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt, East China

The geophysical investigations with seismic and MT methods were carried out in the east Dabie Mountain area in 1997, producing detailed results about crustal structures with good compatibility between different geophysical methods. After integrated interpretation of both avail-able geophysical and geological data, the author compiles a crustal tectonic section across the east Dabie Mountain (Plate II), which provides much more structural details with improved reliabil-ity due to geophysical constraints applied to the deep structures. The east Dabie orogenic belt can be divided into 4 geologic units from north to south: the north Huaiyang, the north Dabie, the south Dabie and the Susong. The Mesozoic northward subduction of the Yangtze craton caused the Yangtze crust to insert into the middle and lower crust of the Susong high-pressure metamorphic zone, while the middle and lower crust below the north Huaiyang and the Hefei basin contains the basement of the Sino-Korean craton. The middle and lower crust of the south Dabie is rather dif-ferent from that of the north Dabie, showing that the north and the south Dabie had different evolu-tional trajectories and should not belong to a single tectonic unit. The current crustal pattern has resulted mainly from deformation caused by the post-collisional intracontinental subduction of both the Yangtze and Sino-Korean cratons before the late Jurassic, and deformation caused by later crustal extension including doming and unroofing around the north Dabie. It can be inferred that the suture zone of the Triassic collision between the Sino-Korea and the Yangtze was located along the Xiaotian-Mozitan fault zone, which contains a group of normal faults dipping north in the upper crust, but becomes steep thrusts of dipping south in the middle crust, accompanied by ex-tensive deformation between this fault zone and the Hefei basin. The middle crust below the north Huaiyang unit is connected to the basement of the Sino-Korean craton, showing the plate com-pressional convergence between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean cratons in the post-collisional stage. The influence of this convergent event reached as far as to Huainan, the northern boundary of the Hefei basin. As a clear reflection appears at 22s TWT in the stack reflection sections, the lithospheric thickness of the east Dabie is about 78 km. The newly obtained geophysical data in-dicate that the thickness of the east Dabie UHPM rock slices is no more than 8 km, therefore they do not present evidences to support the hypothesis involved in whole-plate exhumation of the UHPM terranes.