Movie Recommendation Research Articles

The Influence of Self-Media Film Reviews on Willingness to Pay for Movies: A Theory of Planned Behavior Approach

The Chinese film industry is showing signs of recovery in the post-epidemic era, but with the explosion of short videos and short dramas, the film market has been squeezed rapidly. Exploring the factors that affect consumers’ willingness to pay for movie watching has an important impact on the recovery of the film industry. Among the many factors that affect consumers’ willingness to pay for movie watching, exposure to self-media film reviews has become increasingly important. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, this study uses a questionnaire survey to conduct a statistical analysis, intending to explore how exposure to self-media film reviews affects consumers’ willingness to pay for movie watching. The study found that the influence of self-media film reviews on users’ movie choices is multifaceted. Users’ perceptions of value and emotional experiences with paid movie viewing significantly affect their attitudes toward accepting movie reviews and recommendations. These findings provide theoretical support for film marketing and audience decision-making.

Personalized movie recommendation in IoT-enhanced systems using graph convolutional network and multi-layer perceptron

Exploring the optimization of communication strategies for animation films in the context of cross-cultural communication, this research integrates the Internet of Things (IoT) and convolutional networks. The research constructs a collaborative filtering (CF) movie recommendation model based on a graph convolutional neural network (GCN) and investigates its application in cross-cultural communication. The fusion of IoT and convolutional networks in movie communication is also analyzed, and the effectiveness of the proposed GCN-CF model is validated through comparative experiments. The results indicate that, compared to other models, the GCN-CF model achieves the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) on the MovieLens 100 K and MovieLens 1 M datasets, with values of 0.8762 and 0.8275, respectively. Compared to traditional models, the GCN-CF model exhibits significantly superior performance in terms of RMSE, with reductions ranging from 0.6 to 5.2%, highlighting its heightened detection accuracy and overall performance. Moreover, the performance of the GCN-CF model is enhanced after introducing attention mechanisms and auxiliary information on both datasets, showing an improvement of 0.4% compared to the scenario without these additions. This data demonstrates the effectiveness of attention mechanisms and auxiliary information. Finally, the research presents an animation film communication strategy based on IoT and convolutional networks, offering novel insights for film production and communication, along with positive implications for cultural exchange and the advancement of the global media industry.

Group deep neural network approach in semantic recommendation system for movie recommendation in networks online

Group deep neural network approach in semantic recommendation system for movie recommendation in networks online

Co-clustering method for cold start issue in collaborative filtering movie recommender system

Co-clustering method for cold start issue in collaborative filtering movie recommender system

Reducing Cluster Overlap in Movie Recommendations with IKSOM and Silhouette Clustering

The exponential growth of online material requires the implementation of effective and precise recommendation systems in order to optimize the user experience. Nevertheless, conventional approaches frequently encounter problems such as cluster overlap, which reduces the accuracy of suggestions. This paper presents a new method for minimising the overlap between clusters in movie recommendation systems. It achieves this by combining Improved Kohonen Self-Organizing Maps (IKSOM) with Silhouette Clustering. The proposed method utilises IKSOM to efficiently represent high-dimensional user-item interactions in a two-dimensional space, enabling the formation of distinct and meaningful clusters. Subsequently, Silhouette Clustering is utilised to enhance the separation and cohesion of clusters, hence reducing overlap. The experimental findings show that proposed hybrid model works much better than the baseline techniques, obtaining an RMSE of 0.423 and MAE of 0.216. Additionally, it improves precision (93.6%), recall (94.2%) and F1-score (93.4%). Additionally, the proposed technique demonstrates a high level of accuracy (97.3%) with a precision rate of 95.8%. These results emphasise the method's efficacy in minimising errors and enhancing the overall performance of the recommendation system. The results indicate that combining IKSOM with Silhouette Clustering can improve the precision and dependability of movie recommendation systems by resolving cluster overlap and offering more individualised user experiences. Subsequent research will investigate the implementation of this method in different fields and the integration of supplementary contextual information to enhance the accuracy of recommendations.

Research on movie recommendation algorithms based on machine learning

In recent years, the number of movies released worldwide has grown exponentially. Due to the large number of movies, it is difficult for users to find movies that match their preferences. Therefore, with the development of Internet technology, it has become an important research direction how to filter out the movies that users are interested in from the massive movie data. This paper mainly focuses on the film recommendation algorithms based on machine learning, including the traditional collaborative filtering algorithm, rating-based sorting recommendation algorithm and content-based recommendation algorithm. By conducting a detailed analysis of the principles, advantages and disadvantages, as well as application scenarios of these recommendation algorithms, this paper aims to identify methods that best fit current movie recommendation systems. The objective is to improve the real-time and personalized recommendation, while providing users with better film recommendation services.

Personalized movie recommendations based on probabilistic linguistic sentiment and integrated DEMATEL-TODIM methods

With the development of society, online reviews are increasingly becoming a crucial factor in decision-making. Especially for entertainment products such as movies, they are preferred for their affordability and high entertainment factor. Therefore, this paper proposes a movie recommendation model that considers user personalization using a probabilistic linguistic approach based on online reviews. Firstly, the method constructs a quantitative sentiment framework that transforms comments into a multi-granular probabilistic sentiment language. Secondly, we build the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method for probabilistic linguistic environments to explore interrelationships between product attributes, and improve the distance measure and score function to better integrate probabilistic linguistic information into DEMATEL weight calculations. Furthermore, to account for risk preferences, the model employs the extended TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese for interactive and multicriteria decision making) methodology to determine the ranking of alternatives. Finally, we design Douban movie ranking experiments to demonstrate the validity of the model. Compared with other methods, this paper incorporates the emotional tendency of movie attributes and user preference into the decision-making process leading to more reasonable results.

MoRGH: movie recommender system using GNNs on heterogeneous graphs

MoRGH: movie recommender system using GNNs on heterogeneous graphs

Optimizing User Satisfaction in Movie Recommendations Using Variable Learning Rates and Dynamic Neighborhood Functions in SOMs

Customized movie recommendations are crucial in elevating user satisfaction and engagement in the era of vast online entertainment options. This study presents an innovative approach utilizing Enhanced Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) for movie categorization. SOMs, as unsupervised neural networks, are highly effective in recommendation systems due to their ability to identify intricate data patterns accurately. The proposed method involves collecting user-movie interaction data, such as user ratings and movie attributes. Data standardization is performed to ensure consistency before training the refined SOM. By integrating variable learning rates and dynamic Neighborhood functions, the advanced SOM can uncover complex patterns within datasets, thus enhancing the accuracy of personalized movie recommendations by identifying meaningful connections between users and films. To further improve recommendation quality, hybrid filtering techniques are employed, combining content-based filtering, which considers movie characteristics like genre and description, with collaborative filtering algorithms that analyze user-item interactions to expand the range of recommended films. This integrated approach allows for the generation of user-movie matrices by employing SVD collaborative filtering to give precedence to movie recommendations. The hybrid technique demonstrates superior performance compared to earlier models, attaining an RMSE of 0.410, MAE of 0.211, precision of 92.09%, recall of 93.12%, and an F1-score of 92.15%, consequently offering very accurate movie recommendations. Subsequent studies could concentrate on improving personalised recommendations by integrating supplementary contextual data.

Break Out of a Pigeonhole: A Unified Framework for Examining Miscalibration, Bias, and Stereotype in Recommender Systems

Despite the benefits of personalizing items and information tailored to users’ needs, it has been found that recommender systems tend to introduce biases that favor popular items or certain categories of items and dominant user groups. In this study, we aim to characterize the systematic errors of a recommendation system and how they manifest in various accountability issues, such as stereotypes, biases, and miscalibration. We propose a unified framework that distinguishes the sources of prediction errors into a set of key measures that quantify the various types of system-induced effects, at both the individual and collective levels. Based on our measuring framework, we examine the most widely adopted algorithms in the context of movie recommendation. Our research reveals three important findings: (1) Differences between algorithms: recommendations generated by simpler algorithms tend to be more stereotypical but less biased than those generated by more complex algorithms. (2) Disparate impact on groups and individuals: system-induced biases and stereotypes have a disproportionate effect on atypical users and minority groups (e.g., women and older users). (3) Mitigation opportunity: using structural equation modeling, we identify the interactions between user characteristics (typicality and diversity), system-induced effects, and miscalibration. We further investigate the possibility of mitigating system-induced effects by oversampling underrepresented groups and individuals, which was found to be effective in reducing stereotypes and improving recommendation quality. Our research is the first systematic examination of not only system-induced effects and miscalibration but also the stereotyping issue in recommender systems.

Prototipe Sistem Rekomendasi Film Indonesia Menggunakan Pendekatan Content Based Filtering dan Metode Vector Space Model

Film represents a combination of narrative and cinematographic aspects in an audio-visual form. Films also provide an engaging visual, auditory, and emotional experience. The film industry in Indonesia has shown significant growth. In 2015, cinema audiences numbered 16.2 million, increasing to 51.2 million in 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a drastic decline in the number of viewers, with only 4.5 million in 2021. However, the industry quickly recovered, reaching 54.07 million viewers in 2022 and 55 million in 2023, and is projected to reach 60 million in 2024. With the increasing availability of films and streaming platforms, finding movies that match user preferences often becomes a challenge. This study proposes a film recommendation system using the Content-Based Filtering method and the Vector Space Model to help users more easily find movies that match their preferences. Content-Based Filtering recommends films based on content similarity, while the Vector Space Model measures content similarity using metrics such as cosine similarity or euclidean distance. Based on experiments using 20 sample films, the results show that the designed system can provide accurate and precise movie recommendations based on keywords provided by users. The film "Pengabdi Setan 2: Communion" has the highest similarity score of 0.3018, followed by "Nana," "Menjelang Magrib," "Jailangkung: Sandekala," and "Qorin," with similarity scores of 0.0865, 0.0138, 0.0136, and 0.0125, respectively

Application of collaborative filtering in movie recommendation systems and improvements by hyperparameter tuning

Application of collaborative filtering in movie recommendation systems and improvements by hyperparameter tuning

Design and Development of an Efficient Demographic-based Movie Recommender System using Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques

Movie Recommender systems are frequently used in academics and industry to give users with relevant, engaging material based on their rating history. However, most traditional methods suffer from the cold-start problem, which is the initial lack of item ratings and data sparsity. The Hybrid Machine Learning (ML) technique is proposed for a movie recommendation system. Demographic data is collected from the Movie Lens dataset, and attributes are evaluated using the Attribute Analysis module. The Aquila Optimization Algorithm is used to select the best attributes, while Random Forest classifier is used for classification. Data is clustered using Fuzzy Probabilistic Cmeans Clustering Algorithm (FPCCA), and the Correspondence Index Assessment Phase (CIAP) uses Bhattacharyya Coefficient in Collaborative Filtering (BCCF) for similarity index calculation. The Outcomes gives the proposed method obtained low error, such as MAE has 0.44, RMSE has 0.63 compared with the baseline methods.

Movie Recommendation System with Fake Review Detection Using Deep Learning

Movie Recommendation System with Fake Review Detection Using Deep Learning

MOVIEMATE: MOVIE RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM

Abstract— Nowadays, recommendation systems have revolutionized the way we search for things of interest. These systems employ an information filtering approach to anticipate user preferences. Commonly applied in areas such as books, news, articles, music, videos, and movies, recommendation systems play a pivotal role. In this study, we introduce MOVIEMATE, a movie recommendation system. Using content-based approach, MOVIEMATE examines information provided by users to recommend movies customized to their individual preferences. MOVIEMATE streamlines the movie selection process, leveraging the collective movie experiences of other users to efficiently deliver personalized recommendations. Developed in Python using Jupyter Notebook and Streamlit, this system harnesses various types of user data, item information, and past transactions stored in dedicated databases to generate recommendations. Navigating through these recommendations, users can effortlessly discover movies that align with their preferences. Keywords – recommendation system, recommender system, movies, Content-based filtering

Semantic-Enhanced Variational Graph Autoencoder for Movie Recommendation: An Innovative Approach Integrating Plot Summary Information and Contrastive Learning Strategy

This study introduces a novel movie recommender system utilizing a Semantic-Enhanced Variational Graph Autoencoder for Movie Recommendation (SeVGAER) architecture. The system harnesses additional information from movie plot summaries scraped from the internet, transformed into semantic vectors via a large language model. These vectors serve as supplementary features for movie nodes in the SeVGAER-based recommender. The system incorporates an encoder-decoder structure, operating on a user-movie bipartite graph, and employs GraphSAGE convolutional layers with modified aggregators as the encoder to extract latent representations of the nodes, and a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) as the decoder to predict ratings with additional graph-based features. To address overfitting and improve model generalization, a novel training strategy is introduced. We employ a random data splitting approach, dividing the dataset into two halves for each training instance. The model then generates outputs on each half of the data, and a new loss function is introduced to ensure consistency between these two outputs, a strategy that can be seen as a form of contrastive learning. The model’s performance is optimized using a combination of this new contrastive loss, graph reconstruction loss, and KL divergence loss. Experiments conducted on the Movielens100k dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in enhancing movie recommendation performance

Marvel Movie Recommendation System Using Hybrid Item-Based and Content-Based Filtering Methods

Currently, there are so many movie genres available to the general public, making it difficult for viewers to choose a movie. One of the most popular movies is the “Marvel Movies” or MCU (Marvel Cinematic Universe), which has become the highest grossing franchise of all time with 90 movies released. The large number of movie titles makes it difficult for people to choose which movie to watch. Therefore, a Marvel movie recommendation system is needed using a hybrid item-based and content-based filtering method. The content-based method calculates the similarity between movies by identifying similar Marvel movies based on content such as genre, actor, director, and synopsis. Meanwhile, item-based completes content-based recommendations by considering user preferences. The reason for using the hybrid item-based and content-based filtering method is to be able to produce more accurate recommendations than a single method. The types and sources of data used are secondary data from journals and the internet (Imdb and Movielens), as well as datasets about Marvel movies. From the results of testing the hybrid model, the precision value is 0.8 or 80% which indicates that the model is accurate. In item-based filtering testing, the similarity result of 0.68 shows good item similarity. In the content-based filtering test, the highest similarity is 0.14 and the lowest similarity is 0.10 which shows that the similarity between the searched content and the generated content is relevant.

UICF: a new user-item composite filtering recommendation framework by leveraging temporal semantics

PurposeThe collaborative filtering algorithm is a classical and widely used approach in product recommendation systems. However, the existing algorithms rely mostly on common ratings of items and do not consider temporal information about items or user interests. To solve this problem, this study proposes a new user-item composite filtering (UICF) recommendation framework by leveraging temporal semantics.Design/methodology/approachThe UICF framework fully utilizes the time information of item ratings for measuring the similarity of items and takes into account the short-term and long-term interest decay for computing users’ latest interest degrees. For an item to be probably recommended to a user, the interest degrees of the user on all the historically rated items are weighted by their similarities with the item to be recommended and then added up to predict the recommendation degree.FindingsComprehensive experiments on the MovieLens and KuaiRec datasets for user movie recommendation were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed UICF framework. Experimental results show that the UICF outperformed three well-known recommendation algorithms Item-Based Collaborative Filtering (IBCF), User-Based Collaborative Filtering (UBCF) and User-Popularity Composite Filtering (UPCF) in the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and F1 metrics, especially yielding an average decrease of 11.9% in MAE.Originality/valueA UICF recommendation framework is proposed that combines a time-aware item similarity model and a time-wise user interest degree model. It overcomes the limitations of common rating items and utilizes temporal information in item ratings and user interests effectively, resulting in more accurate and personalized recommendations.

Enhancing movie recommendations through comparative analysis of UCB algorithm variants

In the digital realm, recommendation systems are pivotal in shaping user experiences on online platforms, tailoring content based on user feedback. A notable algorithm in this domain is the multi-armed bandit algorithm, with the Upper Confidence Bound (UCB) emerging as a classic and effective variant. This paper delves into an array of Upper Confidence Bound algorithm variations, encompassing UCB1, Asymptotically Optimal UCB, UCB-V, and UCB1Tuned. The research harnesses the MovieLens dataset to assess the performance of these algorithms, employing cumulative regret as the primary metric. For l in UCB1 and c in UCB-V, both oversized and undersized parameters will result in negative outcomes. And UCB1Tuned outperforms the other three algorithms in this experiment, since it considers variance and adjusts parameters dynamically. The study demonstrates that setting a appropriate UCB index is crucial for enhancing the performance of the UCB algorithm in recommendation system. It holds significance for both improve recommendation system algorithms and enhance user experience.

An acronym for Internet Movie Database is an online database of information related to films, television, series

Abstract: Movie recommender systems are meant to give suggestions to the users based on the features they love the most. A highly performing movie recommendation will suggest movies that match the similarities with the highest degree of performance. This study conducts a systematic literature review on movie recommender systems. It highlights the filtering criteria in the recommender systems, algorithms implemented in movie recommender systems, the performance measurement criteria, the challenges in implementation, and recommendations for future research. Some of the most popular machine learning algorithms used in movie recommender systems such as K-means clustering, principal component analysis, and self-organizing maps with principal component analysis are discussed in detail. Special emphasis is given to research works performed using metaheuristic-based recommendation systems. The research aims to bring to light the advances made in developing the movie recommender systems, and what needs to be performed to reduce the current challenges in implementing the feasible solutions. The article will be helpful to researchers in the broad area of recommender systems as well as practicing data scientists involved in the implementation of such systems. Index-terms : movie recommender, filtering techniques, performance metrics, K-means, metaheuristics