Movement Of Commodities Research Articles

Mesoeconomics of Migration and Trade

In this paper, we analyze Mesoeconomics of migration and trade in interregional and international economy. Decision-makers are interested in analyzing how changing the prices or wages will lead to these movements and what policies can be devised to revert the markets into their initial equilibrium. We assume in our simple model, that the wages or prices change in one region, and we will measure the equilibrium of the markets of the two regions. After some time, by migration of workers and trading commodities, a new equilibrium will be achieved. If one of the governments of the two regions intends to revert the equilibrium to the state before changes were applied, how should that government act and how great will its financial burden be? In this paper, we try to formulate the answer to this question in the context of two simple, homogenous, and similar-shape economies. This paper is centered on the behavior of individuals of the two regions, which we try to generalize it so that we could evaluate the problem at meso level analytically. Therefore, we simplify the problem to the extent that its micro and macro dimensions coincide. We check different cases of Changing wage elasticity of price or production elasticity of employment and examine the financial burden of a policy of no labor and commodity movement. In this way, if the government of region 1 decides to counteract and revert the conditions into the previous state, it can pay specific subsidies to workers, legislate due taxes on selling commodities, and thereby establish the conditions of the equation as prior to changes.

Disinfestation of diverse fungal pathogen spores on inert contaminated materials

In vitro studies were undertaken to determine the effects of five fungicide and disinfectant treatments [propiconazole (Tilt 250EC), azoxystrobin (Amistar 250EC), didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride (Sporekill), alkali metal salts of alkylbenzene sulfonic acid and coconut diethanolamide (Farmcleanse), and potassium peroxymonosulfate (Virkon)] in preventing the germination of spores of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, Kabatiella caulivora, Leptosphaeria maculans and Magnaporthe oryzae. Germination was inhibited by all fungicides and disinfectants, with maximum reductions at the manufacturer’s recommended concentration. Overall, azoxystrobin was the most effective, reducing germination of M. oryzae by 89%, L. maculans by 78% and P. graminis f. sp. tritici by 77%. Propiconazole was the most effective in reducing germination of K. caulivora by 72%. The extent of inhibition of germination was dependent on the pathogen; for example, alkali metal salts of alkylbenzene sulfonic acid and coconut diethanolamide, and potassium peroxymonosulfate were more effective on M. oryzae and P. graminis f. sp. tritici compared with L. maculans or K. caulivora. Studies undertaken to define the effectiveness of the fungicides/disinfectants reducing germination of the pathogens on five inert carrier materials (steel, fabric, wood, paper, and rubber) showed azoxystrobin and propiconazole to be the most effective, having 12–15% spore germination following decontamination treatment of carrier materials. The results demonstrate the potential for increased use of fungicides, particularly demethylation inhibitor and QoI fungicides, to decontaminate carrier materials to address the critical need to implement a practical commercial solution for dealing with threats posed by the long-term viability of these and other plant pathogens on inert materials associated with movement of humans, farming equipment, and commodities nationally and internationally.

Speculations on the Mediterranean Borderscape: Le Baiser de Lampedusa

Authors of academic research on globalization often employ watery metaphors -fluidity, circulation, flows - in attempt to analyze the unlimitedness of movements of capital, commodities, ideas, and people. The frictionless sea has thus come to be the metaphor of circulation par excellence. Yet, in the last two decades, the hardening of migration policies all over Europe and beyond EU borders, which has aimed at strengthening a water-barrier between Europe and its “southern beyond”, compels for a consideration of the maritime space, the Mediterranean Sea, as b/order space(s). Through a geo-literary analysis of the novel Le Baiser de Lampedusa (2011) by Mounir Charfi, I will focus my attention on the ways in which the Mediterranean Sea is rendered, modeled and reflected as a b/order space in and through literary representation. The author through the close association of the ordinary and the fantastic, and employing a narrative mode that undermines realism, creates an alternative description of the Mediterranean borderscape in which basic assumptions of referentiality do not hold anymore. In fact, throughout the narrative, the notion of the Mediterranean sea is challenged and its visual appearance becomes blurred and disappears. As a consequence of its disappearance, continents shift and geographic regions are subverted. What emerges is first that the understanding of the Mediterrannean Sea as a b/order is put into question, and secondly, that geopolitical delimitations are not only arbitrary but also flexible. Therefore, the following article deals with the realm of counterfactual geography in border fiction.

Using spatially explicit commodity flow and truck activity data to map urban material flows

AbstractTo analyze and promote resource efficiency in urban areas, it is important to characterize urban metabolism and particularly, material flows. Material flow analysis (MFA) offers a means to capture the dynamism of cities and their activities. Urban‐scale MFAs have been conducted in many cities, usually employing variants of the Eurostat methodology. However, current methodologies generally reduce the study area into a “black box,” masking details of the complex processes within the city's metabolism. Therefore, besides the aggregated stocks and flows of materials, the movement of materials—often embedded in goods or commodities—should also be highlighted. Understanding the movement and dispersion of goods and commodities can allow for more detailed analysis of material flows. We highlight the potential benefits of using high‐resolution urban commodity flows in the context of understanding material resource use and opportunities for conservation. Through the use of geographic information systems and visualizations, we analyze two spatially explicit datasets: (1) commodity flow data in the United States, and (2) Global Positioning System‐based commercial vehicle (truck) driver activity data in Singapore. In the age of “big data,” we bring advancements in freight data collection to the field of urban metabolism, uncovering the secondary sourcing of materials that would otherwise have been masked in typical MFA studies. This brings us closer to a consumption‐based, finer‐resolution approach to MFA, which more effectively captures human activities and its impact on urban environments.

Inland Water Transport in Pakistan: Limits and Prospects

The long-standing critical requirement of exploring alternate means to road and rail transport,for movement of essential commodities and commercial items, across Pakistan came to the forefront owing to various studies on the subject. This was reflected in the National Transport Policy, promulgated in 2018. Accordingly, the implementation of developing Inland Water Transportation Authority is in progress, as the government is expected to legislate on the matter. Inland waterways play a vital role in economic development,especially for remote rural areas. Focus on this sector would open new vistas of development along the banks of various waterways, and its extent can be enhanced in the regional context, up to the Kabul River in Afghanistan.This paper highlights the spadework done up till now and points at the impediments to making Pakistan’s in land water transport system workable while proving a cost-effective solution to ever-increasing cargo traffic. The paper analyses the potential of the Indus River, along with various tributaries and canals associated with irrigation of the vast plains of Pakistan. The projected insufficiency of water throughout the year in the system is discussed considering available data and records based on historical perspective. The establishment of Indus Water Transport Company by the Government of the Punjab, and achievements thus far have been underscored.

The MaaS system and its problems

Essence of conception «Mobility-as-a-Service» (MaaS) is to place an user in the center of transport services and offer to him the personalized method of movement taking into account individual necessities. MaaS integrates the various methods of movement the different types of transport in single service that is accessible on demand. Service comes true through a single account with monthly payment. One of the main conditions for the successful operation of MaaS is the ability of smartphones to access different modes of transport. For the first time, the MaaS concept was implemented in the Swedish city of Gothenburg, offering excellent public transport conditions and sustainable urban mobility. The aim of a transport politics is support of a transport system that provides the movement of passengers and commodities. MaaS is examined as an increase of comfort of journeys and development of the system of safe and reliable transport. The most famous MaaS system was due to Helsinki, where they were able to offer a convenient and competitive platform. Since public transport is the core of the MaaS system, the city must offer quality public transport services so that users can easily move around the city without having their own car.The following conditions are required for the implementation of the MaaS system: different types of urban public transport; most transport operators open their data, including real-time data, to third parties; most transport operators allow third parties to sell their services; most transport operators support an electronic payment system to access their services. In spite of different business models, successful projects of introduction and positive reviews of users about the pilot schemes of MaaS, there is a row of global questions about further applicability and development of the system, requiring decisions : touching the openness of these ferrymen, users; about the scale of the use of the system MaaS; single user ID, single informative space; payments of passage of the different systems of transport from one application; competitions with existent providers; to the peculiar.

Managed Migrations: Growers, Farmworkers, and Border Enforcement in the Twentieth Century by Cristina Salinas

Reviewed by: Managed Migrations: Growers, Farmworkers, and Border Enforcement in the Twentieth Century by Cristina Salinas John Weber Managed Migrations: Growers, Farmworkers, and Border Enforcement in the Twentieth Century. By Cristina Salinas. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2019. Pp. 272. Illustrations, notes, bibliography, index.) In Managed Migrations, Cristina Salinas covers familiar ground for historians of Texas, but by mining underused sources and utilizing a small number of new oral interviews, she delivers a ground-level view of labor relations and immigration control in the Texas–Mexico border region. The book does not seem designed for non-specialists, with little space given to explain the development of border agriculture or its regional and national context. However, for scholars of labor, migration, agriculture, and the U.S.–Mexico border, it provides textured, engaging coverage of border labor issues. Across six chapters, Salinas examines an interlocking set of themes that came to define the labor and immigration system in the lower Rio Grande Valley and El Paso. The first two chapters focus on the world that farm promoters [End Page 262] and landowners claimed to have built from scratch: a world fueled by crooked business practices, pretensions of mastery, and self-serving paternalism. Salinas deepens this familiar narrative by digging further than most previous historians into the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley’s John Shary Collection. She also deftly uses Carrol Norquest as an exemplar of the farmers’ self-image as protectors of their labor force against law enforcement, labor contractors, and other imagined enemies. Norquest’s book Rio Grande Wetbacks (University of New Mexico Press, 1972) has been used by many historians to explicate growers’ self-serving arguments, but Salinas provides a fascinating counterpoint to Norquest’s glib memoir by interviewing surviving members of a Mexican family that worked for Nor-quest, offering a new set of voices to help narrate this history. Chapter 3 moves on to a localized history of enforcement actions by the Immigration and Naturalization Service and the Border Patrol from the 1930s to the 1950s. Salinas drew much of her evidence for this chapter from underutilized National Archives records that provide ample new evidence of corruption, collusion with growers, and selective enforcement. The argument is not necessarily new, but Salinas has added fascinating details. Chapter 4 shifts to an examination of efforts by the U.S., Mexican, and Texas governments to “protect” workers from labor contractors, depicted by growers and bureaucrats as agents of exploitation. Salinas shows that these campaigns, well-meaning rhetoric aside, emerged from demands to rationalize the migrant labor system to make it more legible and controllable for growers and their allies in government. Chapter 5 proceeds along similar lines, highlighting the 1948 “El Paso incident” in which the U.S. government and Texas growers consciously violated the bi-national Bracero Program, pointing out both the high-handed actions of U.S. officials and the individual actions of Mexican workers who sought to use the breach for their own opportunity. The final chapter explains the combined efforts of the American G.I. Forum and the Texas State Federation of Labor to publicize undocumented migration as a social and economic problem that demanded governmental action. The labor federation and the Mexican American civil rights organization argued that the INS and Border Patrol colluded with growers and allowed undocumented migration to hurt Mexican American communities. They sought more rigid enforcement (for instance, cheering on “Operation Wetback,” the 1954 deportation campaign) as a way to ease economic problems in Mexican American communities and to challenge conservative control of the Texas state government. This effort did not achieve its goals, but Salinas shows that it increased the volume of anti-Mexican sentiment and left behind a complicated historical legacy of nativism. My only criticism of Salinas’s book is the historiographic straw man that frames her introduction. She argues that previous historians have fallen [End Page 263] into one of two camps: “those emphasizing the gradual hardening of border laws and infrastructure, and those emphasizing the continued movement of people, commodities, and ideas across the border” (7). While her rejection of a dichotomous relationship between these two notions is unobjectionable, she ignores or miscasts the ways in...

The annihilation of time by space: Pluri-temporal strategies of capitalist circulation

This paper contributes to thinking about the circulation of commodities across global supply chains by considering moments when circulation is intentionally slowed down for the purpose of capital accumulation. I examine oil tank farms at sites such as Cushing, OK, which act as a spatial fix allowing producers and speculators to place millions of barrels into storage during moments of overproduction. Oil storage is largely driven by futures markets. When prices are low, speculators store oil in order to derive higher profits by selling their product at a later date – a strategy that I describe as the annihilation of time by space. However, as tanks fill up, the crisis of overproduction begins to express itself as a shortage of storage capacity. In the absence of tank space, speculators have turned to supply chain infrastructures such as railcars and oil tankers as creative storage alternatives. Any empty space remaining in tanks becomes highly valued and traded or speculated upon as its own commodity. Ultimately, this paper offers a corrective to recent literature on global capitalist supply chains by demonstrating that capital accumulation relies not only on the speedy movement of commodities across global space; rather, capital employs pluri-temporal strategies of circulation.

Transforming Big Banks into Bucket Shops: The Impact of Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act & The Commodity Futures Modernization Act

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (1999) and the Commodity Futures Modernization Act (2000) are perhaps the two most significant laws signed by President Clinton. They have opened the door for banks to invest, speculate and gamble on the paths of price movements of securities and commodities without any type of meaningful boundaries or controls. In this paper, I hypothesize that these two legislations have taken the country back to pre-1908 economic environment with rampant bucket shops undermining the real economic activity. A brief review of the history of bucket shops is followed by addressing the similarities between Over-the-Counter derivatives and the bets placed with bucket shops. The volume and growth of OTC derivatives since 2000 is testimonial of a system that has skewed big banks to be more like bucket shops than financial intermediaries. This is documented by examining the relationship between OTC derivatives to total assets of the largest holders of these derivatives as well as by the high magnitudes of the revenues they earn from OTC derivatives.

AN IDEOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE FORMING THE MARKET LOGISTICS THEORY

Topicality. In the conditions of a developed market economy and the deepening of the specialization of business entities, the theory of logistics is more oriented towards enterprises, and not to markets, and needs some market reorientation. Under the pressure of market processes, scientists are trying to generalize the market logistics processes of goods through the introduction of such concepts as: "logistics system", transport, marketing logistics. Further analysis of the theory of logistics requires attention to the main element of the market - the product, given that all economic actors in a market economy operate in a market environment, that is within the relevant commodity markets. That is, any business entity belongs to a certain commodity market ie it operates within a defined commodity market. Note that the product is precisely the element that determines the market - the commodity market. Consequently, the realization of the functions of the commodity movement combines the respective economic entities among themselves into the logistic chain of the commodity market. The logistic chain is a clearly defined route of a commodity wheel with logistic transitions, in which there are changes in the nature of the flow of goods, as well as changes in ownership. Aim and tasks. The purpose of this article is to develop approaches to the formation of the theory of market logistics on the reproductive principle. Research results. Development of proposals for the formation of the theory of market logistics on the reproductive principle. The definition of the category "market logistics" is given, the principles on which effective logistic chains of commodity markets should be organized and their reproductive processes must be formed. Conclusions. Construction of an effective reproduction market logistics is also provided by the minimum costs associated with the flow of material flow from the supplier to the consumer at the minimum possible date. However, the real process of movement of goods in the market is associated with the appearance on its way of some obstacles (barriers), or points of logistical gaps, which, on the one hand, leads to increased opium and increased costs for overcoming it, and on the other hand, to forced warehousing (delay) when there is a lack of bandwidth of the market chain links. Therefore, the task of the next research of market logistics is to determine ways to overcome these obstacles or gap, which impair the ideal conditions for the movement of material flows, channels of commodity movement as a deviation from a single straight line.

Development of gravity theory application in the internalregional inter-zone commodity movement distribution with the origin zone movement generation boundary

Zones that produce land fishery commodity and its yields have characteristics that is limited in distribution capability because infrastructure conditions availability. High demand for fishery commodities caused to a growing distribution at inefficient distribution distance. The development of the gravity theory with the limitation of movement generation from the production zone can increase the interaction inter-zones by distribution distances effectively and efficiently with shorter movement distribution distances. Regression analysis method with multiple variable of transportation infrastructure condition based on service level and quantitative capacity is determined to estimate the 'mass' of movement generation that is formed. The resulting movement distribution (Tid) model has the equation Tid = 27.04 -0.49 tid. Based on barrier function of power model with calibration value β = 0.0496. In the way of development of the movement generation 'mass' boundary at production zone will shorten the distribution distance effectively with shorter distribution distances. Shorter distribution distances will increase the accessibility inter-zones to interact according to the magnitude of the movement generation 'mass'.

Urban and nomadic isotopic niches reveal dietary connectivities along Central Asia\u2019s Silk Roads

The ancient ‘Silk Roads’ formed a vast network of trade and exchange that facilitated the movement of commodities and agricultural products across medieval Central Asia via settled urban communities and mobile pastoralists. Considering food consumption patterns as an expression of socio-economic interaction, we analyse human remains for carbon and nitrogen isotopes in order to establish dietary intake, then model isotopic niches to characterize dietary diversity and infer connectivity among communities of urbanites and nomadic pastoralists. The combination of low isotopic variation visible within urban groups with isotopic distinction between urban communities irrespective of local environmental conditions strongly suggests localized food production systems provided primary subsistence rather than agricultural goods exchanged along trade routes. Nomadic communities, in contrast, experienced higher dietary diversity reflecting engagements with a wide assortment of foodstuffs typical for mobile communities. These data indicate tightly bound social connectivity in urban centres pointedly funnelled local food products and homogenized dietary intake within settled communities, whereas open and opportunistic systems of food production and circulation were possible through more mobile lifeways.

Impact of Globalization on Transforming India's Economy: A Post Reforms Analysis

Globalization is basically a socio-economic term where people think locally and act globally. It referred to a strategy of economic development where borders of the countries do not matter for movement of commodities, services, capital, finance, labour, technology, ideas, and information. This strategy generates a process of increasing economic integration and growing interdependence between countries of the world economy. Indeed, it isn't only associated with a phenomenal of spread and volume of cross-border economic transactions but also with an organization of economic activities which straddle national boundaries of the world. Indian economy had experienced major policy changes in July, 1991s. The new economic reforms were popularly known as Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization (LPG), aimed at making the Indian economy as the fastest growing economy and globally competitive. The series of reforms has been undertaken with respect to the industrial sector, trade as well as financial sector. This period of economic transition has not only had the tremendous impact on the overall economic development but also on the mindset of Indian people who could get rid of traditional, stubborn thinking, superstition, and illiteracy. As every coin has two sides, similarly, there are both positive and negative aspects of globalization on Indian Economy and this paper analyze the relation between globalization and Indian Economy its implications after post-reform period.

The Influence Of Highway Transportation Infrastructure Condition Toward Commodity Production Generation for The Resilience Needs at Regional Internal Zone

The poultry commodity consumption and requirement is one of the main commodities that must be fulfilled in a region to maintain the availability of meat from poultry. Poultry commodity production is one of the production sectors that have a clean environment resistance. An increasing of poultry commodity generation production requires a smooth distribution to arrive at the processing. The livestock location as a commodity production is placed at a considerable far distance from residential and market locations. Zones that have poultry commodity production have an excess potential to supply other zones that are lacking in production to the consumption of these commodities. The condition of highway transportation infrastructure that is very diverse with the damage level availability in a zone has an influence in the supply and demand of poultry commodity requirement in the regional internal of Central Java province. In order to know the effect of highway transportation infrastructure condition toward the poultry commodity movement, demography factor and availability of freight vehicles will be reviewed to estimate the amount of poultry commodity movement generation production. Thus the poultry commodity consumption requirement that located in the internal - regional zone of central java province can be adequated from the zone. So it can be minimized the negative impacts that affect the environment at the zone in terms of comparison of the movement attraction and generation production at poultry commodity in Central Java.

Indonesia's Migrant Domestic Workers within ASEAN Community Framework: A Societal and Economic Security Approach

This paper aims to analyze the issue of Indonesia's migrant domestic workers within the framework of ASEAN Community beyond 2015. With the government's plan to stop the sending of Indonesia's migrant domestic worker abroad in 2017, one of possible direct effects would be the rise of unemployment rate. On other hand, one of the consequences of the integrated ASEAN Economic Community is the free movement of people, commodities and services between ASEAN member countries. Higher level of people's flow will increase connectivity as well competition. Using a qualitative approach of method, this paper elaborates the discourse of the Indonesia's migrant domestic workers, using the societal and economic security perspective as analytical framework.

An overview of the integrated goods and services tax act in india

GST focuses on the concept of one tax, one nation. IGST stands for Integrated Goods andServices Tax which is charged on the supply of commodities and services from one state toanother state. Under Article 269A of the Indian Constitution, the inter-state trade andcommerce activities that involve the movement of commodities and services shall be leviedwith an integrated tax (IGST) under the GST regime. The Government of India will collectthe revenue under IGST. Further changes can be made by the Goods and Services TaxCouncil of India. This paper presents an overview of IGST concept, along with levy andcollection of integrated goods and services tax.

Productive consumption: agency, appropriation and value in the creative consuming of David Bowie

Productive consumption has been used in economic literature to describe the movement of value to activity that occurs after what we would normally think of as consumption. This essay argues that productive consumption is a useful way to describe the movement of cultural commodities and their proliferation of value beyond consumption by understanding any cultural form is dependent on a co-creation of value by both the artist and the artist’s audience/consumers. In the circuit of cultural products, there is something generated that creatively transforms the product in the audience and generates at minimum new structures of value. This article explores the concept of productive consumption in terms of Bowie and his general awareness of this co-creation of value. It identifies the production of value inherent in the consumption process of Bowie through two examples: through Tribute Bands and the way that working performers retool Bowie and his music for a lived experience for a core memorializing Bowie audience; and through the performative persona of Bowie and its play with artifice as opposed to authenticity that became the source for all sorts of performance personas in popular music for more than 40 years.

The use of social network analysis to examine the transmission of Salmonella spp. within a vertically integrated broiler enterprise

To better understand factors influencing infectious agent dispersal within a livestock population information is needed on the nature and frequency of contacts between farm enterprises. This study uses social network analysis to describe the contact network within a vertically integrated broiler poultry enterprise to identify the potential horizontal and vertical transmission pathways for Salmonella spp. Nodes (farms, sheds, production facilities) were identified and the daily movement of commodities (eggs, birds, feed, litter) and people between nodes were extracted from routinely kept farm records. Three time periods were examined in detail, 1- and 8- and 17-weeks of the production cycle and contact networks were described for all movements, and by commodity and production type. All nodes were linked by at least one movement during the study period but network density was low indicating that all potential pathways between nodes did not exist. Salmonella spp. transmission via vertical or horizontal pathways can only occur along directed pathways when those pathways are present. Only two locations (breeder or feed nodes) were identified where the transmission of a single Salmonella spp. clone could theoretically percolate through the network to the broiler or processing nodes. Only the feed transmission pathway directly connected all parts of the network.

Finding and Exploring Use of Commodity-Specific Data Sources for Commodity Flow Modeling

Commodity flow modeling studies rely on traditional data sources, such as the Commodity Flow Survey, the Freight Analysis Framework, Transearch, surveys, the U.S. census, county business patterns, and input–output models. The strengths and shortcomings of those data sources have been evaluated in the literature; the sources can be useful for modeling, but they do not necessarily support a supply chain approach or provide the level of detail or accuracy desired for modeling a particular commodity’s supply chain and flow on a city or state roadway network. This paper expands on the work of NCFRP Report 35: Implementing the Freight Transportation Data Architecture: Data Element Dictionary by finding existing data sources unique to specific commodities that identify key supply chain locations and industry relationships and that provide more detail about commodity quantity and movement to overcome the limitations of traditional freight data sources. The goal of the investigation was to find more data sets to use in commodity flow modeling. For each commodity, this paper describes data sources found, data attributes, and how those data were used to estimate flow from origins and destinations within supply chain links. The commodity-specific approach opens doors to sources of data not normally incorporated into transportation research.

PRIMARY ACCOUNTING AT COMMISSION TRADE ENTERPRISES

Introduction. In modern conditions, the state of primary accounting does not fully correspond to the level of development of economic activity of commission trade enterprises and remains a problematic and labor-intensive area of accounting. There is a large number of operations of the commodity movement and each operation is taken into account every day and at each enterprise. Therefore, improving the process of documenting of commodity operations and streamlining the document flow is the basis of the rational organization of accounting staff work. Methods. The theoretical and methodical basis of the study is the works of leading scientists in theory and methodology of accounting, legislative acts that consider the main accounting issues. The author created the data basis of original financial documentation of 30 commission trade enterprises in Ukraine over the period of 2017 to provide the informative basis of empirical research studies. The data source on the condition of normative regulation of accounting and analytical activities of commission trade enterprises in Ukraine was the data basis of legislative acts of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Research methodology is based on theoretical insights into the problem and scientific instrumentation that contained the critical content-analysis of original financial statements of commission trade enterprises in Ukraine, comparative analysis of normative documents of Ukrainian legislative acts. Results. The article analyzes the economic essence of primary accounting and its role in the activities of commission trade enterprises. It was revealed that qualitative and well-timed information providing of the accounting system at the commission trade enterprise is ensured by a certain order of organization of the compilation and processing of primary documents or document circulation. The results of the study made it possible reveal that documentary registration of transactions at commission trade enterprises begins with drafting of the commission contract. The primary documents, which are used at commission trade enterprises in the course of acceptance of goods for the commission as well as in the process of their sales, discount and return, are considered. The peculiarities of their application are investigated. The foundations of effective organization and directions of improvement of primary accounting at commission trade enterprises are determined. Discussion. Perspective is the research of the system of operative collection, interpretation, use and transfer of accounting information.