Tourist Movement Research Articles

International Tourism Law: Freedom Of Movement of People Between Tourism and Terrorism

Considering the humanization of international law, international tourism continues to challenge the right to freedom of movement. The opportunity to meet other people, visit different places, and experience diverse cultures is a unique and individual experience that can reduce the likelihood of international conflicts. As such, international tourism is an important vehicle through which individuals can contribute to global peace. Ensuring the free movement of international tourists is not only essential for the proper functioning of the tourism industry but also reflects the global rights of individuals. In recent years, the global tourism industry has faced significant challenges beyond terrorism, including the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical conflicts such as the Russia-Ukraine war, and the ongoing tensions in regions like the Middle East. These events have underscored the vulnerability of international tourism to external shocks and the resulting impact on global stability and peace. The reinstatement of visa requirements by countries like Brazil in 2024 further illustrates the delicate balance between national security and the right to freedom of movement. This paper discusses the complex relationship between the right to freedom of movement under international law and the various factors that impact international tourism, including terrorism, pandemics, and geopolitical conflicts. It highlights the critical importance of maintaining open and secure borders for the continuation of international tourism and its role in fostering global understanding and peace.

How Social Media Data Mirror Spatio-Temporal Behavioral Patterns of Tourists in Urban Forests: A Case Study of Kushan Scenic Area in Fuzhou, China

Exploring the spatial distribution of tourist attractions and comprehending the spatio-temporal behaviors of tourists within tourist attractions can provide local planning agencies, destination marketing organizations, and government departments with essential evidence for decision-making processes. This study examines the spatio-temporal behavior patterns of tourists in the Kushan Scenic Area by analyzing GPS trajectory data acquired from social media platforms. The investigation primarily utilizes three research methodologies: grid analysis, Markov chain, and K-means clustering. The grid analysis results reveal three spatial distribution patterns within the scenic area, while the outcomes from the Markov chain and K-means clustering delineate six tourist movement patterns, along with three choices regarding travel time. This finding holds significant practical implications for enhancing the attractiveness of scenic areas, optimizing spatial layout, and improving tourists’ experiences.

How does cultural tourism promotion enhance inbound tourist movement? The pivotal role of Egyptian embassies abroad

How does cultural tourism promotion enhance inbound tourist movement? The pivotal role of Egyptian embassies abroad

The archaeologist king: Paul of Greece and Greek heritage tourism (1952–54)

During the early post-war period, American economic intervention in Greece played a central role in transforming the country’s classical past into a modern tourist asset. As a result, Greek institutions and investors used ancient monuments to create the necessary infrastructure for the emerging tourist movement. The Greek monarchy actively participated in this modernization process by engaging in cultural experiences, which aimed to transform Greek heritage into a desirable tourist product for the western camp during the Cold War period. The Greek monarchy was at the centre of this sociocultural development engaging with the nationalist reflexes of Greek society. By embracing the discourse of ethnikofrosyni (‘national mindedness’), King Paul of Greece (1947–64) and Queen Frederica provided royal sanction for the nationalist uses of classical antiquities and Greece as a lieu de mémoire that could offer an exceptional experience to visitors. To strengthen these assertions, Paul assumed the role of the archaeologist and tour guide, showcasing the cosmopolitan allure Greek antiquities radiated and presenting Greece as a fashionable and appealing tourist destination. This article argues that the Greek monarchs’ intervention in the archaeological excavations at Mycenae (1952), as well as the royal cruise around Greek islands and monuments (1954) reflected the sociopolitical developments of the period and the monarchs’ engagement with the country’s cultural affairs.

THE ROLE OF STARTUPS IN PROMOTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMART CITIES – DUBAI AS A MODEL

Objective: The objective of this study is to learn about the role of start-ups in promoting the development of the smart city of Dubai, since these companies are always seeking innovative solutions to the challenges facing cities and rely on the latest methods and software used, thus helping cities to achieve the indicators that guarantee them important rank among other smart cities. Theoretical Framework: In this study, the basic concepts of the variables of the study were addressed by identifying the concept of start-ups, their characteristics and their importance in general, as well as by highlighting the subject of smart cities by listing some definitions and mentioning their advantages and dimensions. To then link the two variables by clarifying the relationship between startups and smart cities. Method: The methodology adopted for this research includes a sample of the most important start-up companies in Dubai selected from STARTUPRANKING, and the services provided by each company and its area of operation have been identified. To then determine the impact of the services provided on any indicators on which cities rely to become smarter (smart governance, smart transport, smart energy, smart technology, smart infrastructure, smart health, smart buildings and intelligent populations). Through which the role of these companies in the development of smart cities is determined. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that Start-ups promote the development of cities by contributing to the challenges facing cities, communities and individuals by: - Ensuring a clean environment and smart transport systems that help to facilitate the movement of citizens and tourists through the use of telephones and at the lowest cost; - Strengthening cyber security to protect digital systems from threats; - Developing programs and techniques used in the educational sector, and focusing on developing the capabilities of individuals to ensure optimal use of technology; - Finding energy and environmental solutions to ensure optimum use of available resources. Originality/Value: This study sheds light on the importance of modern technology-based start-ups in promoting the development of smart cities. Dubai has been chosen as a model for a leading and developing Arab city that ranks first globally compared to other smart cities, and can be used as a successful experiment. In addition, the importance of both start-ups and smart cities, which are the pillars for the economic development of countries, they rely on advanced technology and the swift provision of services, ultimately facilitating life and enhancing the standard of living for their citizens.

Identifying rejuvenation strategies in micro tourism destinations: the case of Kaş

PurposeThis research paper aims to identify and provide insights into rejuvenation strategies in Kaş as a microtourism destination based on the views of stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachThe research utilizes a single-case design, applying an inductive approach to analyze data collected from semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data.FindingsThe inductive thematic analysis yields nine different main themes: product transformation, integrated sustainable development strategies, cooperation, promotion through the right channels, stable tourism policy, selective tourism strategy, tourism awareness, access to tourist movements and management and tools for monitoring the quality and sustainability of tourism.Practical implicationsThis research offers practical recommendations for regional authorities, residents and business stakeholders to foster sustainable tourism development by addressing resource utilization and existing challenges in the rejuvenation of Kaş.Originality/valueThis research contributes to theory by addressing the lack of applied research on the rejuvenation process in micro-tourism destinations, using Kaş (Turkey) as a case study. It identifies and emphasizes the unique challenges in microdestinations, enhancing our understanding and filling a critical knowledge gap. The identified rejuvenation strategies in Kaş are positioned to serve as a model for similar destinations, emphasizing their distinctive characteristics and challenges.

Tracking tourist mobility in the big data era: insights from data, theory, and future directions

With the increasing popularity of big data analytics, significant research has been conducted in the field of tourism and hospitality studies, particularly in the form of reviews that examine current works. Even though tourism is closely intertwined with the movements of tourists, a comprehensive review that investigates how big data analytics is utilised to track tourist mobility is still lacking. Hence, the primary objective of this study is to delve into the understanding of tracking tourists’ mobility through the utilisation of big data analytics, considering data sources, methodologies, theoretical contributions, limitations, and future research directions. To accomplish this, an extensive literature review was conducted, encompassing publications from tourism and hospitality journals spanning a decade, from 2013 to 2023. This paper thoroughly examines five distinct types of data sources and explains how they enable researchers to monitor and track tourists’ mobility for various research objectives. Moreover, the paper contributes to the academic discourse by identifying the gap in the literature where the application of theoretical frameworks has not kept pace with the advancements in data collection and analysis technologies. To bridge this gap, we introduce an innovative conceptual model that aligns the theoretical aspects of tourist studies with the practical application of big data, thereby offering a richer understanding of tourist mobility patterns. In addition, the research identifies and discusses the limitations of current studies, such as concerns regarding data privacy, representativeness, and the dichotomy between qualitative and quantitative data analysis in the field. By establishing a foundational framework and advocating for theoretical development, this paper sets a new standard for the integration of big data into tourism research, paving the way for future scholarly exploration.

Evaluation Performance of Service Facilities at Ferry Port Bajoe Village, Southeast Sulawesi

The Bajoe Village Ferry Port was a port that specifically served the movement of tourists on Bokori Island, which had been operating for eight years. The number of tourists using this port service reached 40,194 passengers in 2019; however, services at the port still had shortcomings. The aim of this research was to evaluate port service facilities based on passenger perceptions so that the service performance of the Bajoe Village Ferry Port remained optimal in serving tourists. The methods used were comparative descriptive analysis, IPA analysis, and QFD analysis to produce technical responses to priority service attributes based on tourist desires. The final result of this research was in the form of directions for developing Bajoe Village Ferry Port service facilities, consisting of toilets, accessibility, lighting, and information service facilities.

Importance of the Ramsar Site Labudovo Okno for Sustainable Tourism—Evidence from Vojvodina Province

The Ramsar Site Labudovo Okno (LO) is located in Vojvodina, on the left bank of the Danube. It covers an area of 3733 ha. This wet habitat is valuable for different ecosystems, among which the most important are those inhabited by rare bird species. The main natural resources are wetlands, created by the Danube in this shallow part of its flow. Thirty-seven sustainable tourism (ST) indicators were used to assess the current status and future prospects of tourist growth in the LO. For this study, a total of 625 respondents (255 tourists and 370 residents) were asked through a questionnaire to evaluate the current tourism and the impact on their satisfaction. Additionally, they showed that some resources are either misused or not used sufficiently, which has a detrimental effect on the LO. Part of the research was to determine how satisfied respondents were with ST. Although tourism in LO still has no important mass features, the respondents’ satisfaction with sustainable LO tourism is present to a significant extent. This is vital for ST and the creation of local tourism strategies, because the need for greater valorization of natural and social values, as well as the establishment of the roles of all subjects of tourism development, has been noticed. Certainly, nature-based, ecotourism, scientific research, and nautical and bird-watching tourism must be the primary forms of tourist movements in the LO.

Uticaj bioklimatskih uslova planine Zlatibor na zdravstveni turizam

Introduction: Bioclimatic conditions are of great importance for all forms of tourism, especially for health tourism, as they should encompass therapeutic and prophylactic characteristics. Over the last three decades, tourism in Zlatibor has been continuously growing in terms of tourist numbers and the development of tourist infrastructure. This paper presents the bioclimatic and climatic conditions on Mount Zlatibor from the perspective of their impact on tourism. More precisely, it examines their influence on tourist movements on this mountain and their significance for the development of health tourism. Materials and Methods: Research data were obtained through the analysis of temperature, air pressure, humidity, insolation, and precipitation levels. Based on these data, physiological equivalent temperature (PET) values and the universal thermal climate index (UTCI) were calculated. Results: The obtained results of bioclimatic indices (PET and UTCI) indicate potential stress due to extreme cold in the mornings and evenings from late October to the second decade of March. Pleasant warmth prevails during the summer months in the mornings and evenings. In terms of health, the climate of Zlatibor is suitable for maintaining health, as well as for treating various lung diseases, anemia, heart and blood vessel disorders, especially thyroid disorders. Bioclimatic conditions closely correlate with tourist movements on Zlatibor, as evidenced by climate data and the results obtained from PET and UTCI calculations. Conclusion: Comparing tourist numbers over a five-year period reveals that bioclimatic conditions significantly influence Zlatibor's peak tourist season, which occurs during the summer months. This period offers the most favorable bioclimatic conditions, attracting the highest number of visitors to the mountain, especially those seeking health and recreational activities.

A Conceptual Research of Satellite Tourism Destinations (Stod)

“Satellite Tourism Destination” or SToD is a concept proposed in this study and aimed at supporting the development of the tourism industry for the sustainability of the region and local communities. Increasingly intense global competition, imbalanced development, a lack of change strategy to a new paradigm and a pattern of visits focused on popularity have caused the movement of tourists leading to overcrowding, density issues, and less exploration of the countryside than the cities. Therefore, the concept of Satellite Tourism Destination is proposed to focus on sub-destination or destination support. The development of this SToD concept entails adapting the satellite concept, putting pressure on the movement of tourists, and empower tourism destinations through new products to attract visitors. The results of previous articles show the importance of creating a destination with the satellite tourism concept. Even though the term “Satellite Tourism” is normally used by industry players, such as the Malaysian media, which reports on the growth of satellite tourism in Malaysia, unfortunately there is no in-depth discussion in terms of academics or published papers. There is no concrete definition in academic studies. The impact of this study is critical in ensuring that future discussions about Satellite Tourism Destinations include stronger scientific and theoretical references.

Exploring road safety in the era of micro-mobility: evidence from Rome

Urbanisation is taking place all over the world, and the number of vehicles on the road is increasing year by year. The worldwide trend highlights the importance of shifting from a private car to public transport and active mobility (e.g., walking, wheeling). Thus, micro-mobility is attracting many users who substitute short round trips and journeys for access/egress to transit services (e.g., home-work-home; home-school-home; tourist movements around historical monuments). Although micro-mobility has many advantages, there are also some disadvantages that need to be pointed out, as well as the road accidents involving such users. For this reason, the paper proposes a study of road accidents involved micro-mobility devices. It presents empirical evidence from Rome (Italy). The main factors are identified, and the patterns and users’ behaviours that could guide the identification of the appropriate countermeasures to adopt are explored. The results of this study may be of interest for local authorities in integrating micro-mobility into urban mobility planning and in promoting new sustainable transport alternatives.

TOURIST MOVEMENT PATTERNS IN THE MAMMINASATA REGION

The purpose of this paper was to identify the pattern of tourist movement and spatial distribution of tourist routes in the Mamminasata Region and its pull factors. In this context, pull factors influence the formation of travel routes to the Mamminasata Region. A total of 100 respondents as domestic tourists were willing to participate in filling out questionnaires found at tourist attractions and at hotels as the starting point for travel. Movement patterns carried out by tourists in the Mamminasata Region resulted in four movement routes including; First, the Fort Rotterdam-Maros Fort Area which forms a Single Point pattern with a Travel Duration of 1 day. The starting point was at the hotel around Fort Rotterdam, Makassar City then moves to Maros destination. Second, Losari Beach Tourism Area-Maros-Gowa-Takalar. which forms a Base Site pattern with a travel duration of 3 days and 2 nights. The movement pattern on this route resembles a ray spread with one centre point, Makassar City. Integrated area-based governance was needed in the Maminasata area through the establishment of the Mamminasata Tourism System. Thus, tourism policy can unravel the problem of regional equity as the vision of Mammiansata development which creates a national growth centre.

The SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS EFEKTIVITAS PROMOSI PARIWISATA MELALUI TAGAR #BATUKOTAWISATA DI TWITTER


 
 
 
 The tourism sector in Indonesia has been badly affected by the covid 19 pandemic. Slowly the tourism sector is starting to revive along with the shift of covid 19 from a pandemic to an endemic one. One of the quick strategies in the revival of the tourism sector is the movement of domestic tourists to local Indonesian destinations. The movement of domestic tourists can be triggered by tourism promotions. Using the social network analysis method, this research wants to see the effectiveness of tourism promotion through the hashtag #BatuKotawisata on Twitter social media. The results of the study show that tourism promotion through the #BatuKotawisata hashtag on Twitter is not effective because the main actor spreading the hashtag is not an actor with an interest in the tourism sector. The main actor brings his own interests through the message conveyed in the hashtag #BatuKotawisata. The positive thing that can be seen in tourism promotion through the #BatuKotawisata hashtag is that this hashtag has penetrated trending topics.
 
 
 

THE EFFECTS OF SEASONALITY ON MICE TOURISM DEMAND IN JORDAN

Seasonal tourism is a set of influences that determines tourism demand, and it is defined as the movement of tourists caused by climate and institutional changes. Most tourist destinations in the world are affected by seasonal phenomena. Destinations with high seasonal variability often face various challenges, such as high costs, overcrowding, and inadequate infrastructure in peak seasons, while in low seasons, the challenges are low numbers of tourists, lack of services and job opportunities. Thus, the purpose of this article is to investigate how Jordan's MICE tourism demand is affected by seasonality. A quantitative research method was applied in this study by distributing a survey to 331 respondents among domestic and international tourists who visited Amman, stayed in a hotel at least one night and participated in meeting, incentive, conference and exhibition (MICE) activities, using a non-probability sampling technique. Data was analysed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 and Smart PLS software. The results of the study exhibited a significant and positive effect between two aspects of tourism seasonality (political and economic) and MICE tourism. The study indicates that MICE tourism is quite beneficial for the economy of a country to generate demand and to stimulate the tourism industry. MICE tourism that takes place should be systematically planned and developed, and should be established as tourist attractions, catalyst for further development, image builders and animators of the destination. Their success is mostly due to the backing of accommodations of a suitable caliber, the close coordination between travel agents, the accessibility of detailed information about events and related activities, and most crucially, effective marketing initiatives.

PLANNING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL TOURISM PRODUCTS ON THE NORTH COAST OF JAVA

As one of the Chinese Traders, Cheng Ho’s Naval Route serves Cirebon, Semarang, and Surabaya to have a cultural identity that could be seen today. Now, the existence of cultural heritage that spread akong the Javanese Nort Coast serve tourist to learn about the cultural heritage that was shaped by Cheng Ho's Naval Route. On the other hand, the existence of this cultural heritage could be developed into alternative tourism that gives a new trend of tourism attraction yet supports cultural preservation. Through adopting the model of the Cultural Route that was advanced and developed in Europe, this research is titled “Planning of Cultural Tourism Product Development of Cheng Ho Naval Route along Javanese North Coast”. This research utilizes the qualitative approach and descriptive method as the analyzing method. The result of the research covers the Tourism Attraction and Activities aspect as a component of tourism products that attract tourists, Transportation Facilities and Services as a component that serves the movement of tourists, and Institutional Elements as an organization that manages the network of transboundary tourism attractions. The recommendation of Planning of Cultural Tourism Product Development of Cheng Ho Naval Route along the Javanese North Coast can be the reference for the stakeholders to invest in tourism development that supports the preservation of Cultural Heritage

Analyzing factors on tourist movement predictability: a study based on social media data

ABSTRACTThe ability to predict tourist movements has various practical applications, including recommendation, target marketing, and destination planning. Predictability determines the limit of the prediction accuracy of data and models and helps us understand the factors affecting the prediction accuracy. We first constructed a conceptual framework of factors influencing the predictability from three perspectives: tourist, destination, and space-time. In this study, we focused on factors affecting the tourist movement predictability using data collected from social media at the city level. We used two prediction models to understand the impact of the factors on predictability. We further analyzed the relationship between the factors and movement predictability. The results of this study demonstrate that the length of the tourist itinerary and the spatial scale of the study are key factors that influence model selection. In addition, the results indicate significant differences in the predictability of tourists with different tourism motivations.

Assisting visitor path creation in experiential tourist attractions

The question of how to design the visitor journey in experiential settings has received limited attention in the tourist movement literature. In two related studies conducted at a leading wine tourism museum, it was examined whether experiential attractions should provide assistance to visitors in creating their paths. Study 1, a field experiment, shows that providing assistance is beneficial to visitors because it increases spatial control, hedonic value, and overall satisfaction. Study 2, a simulation model using real-life behavioral data, examines the effects of visitor assistance on operational performance, providing a more nuanced picture. The results enrich the literature focused on identifying the dominant paths taken by visitors and extend the descriptive findings of previous studies by considering the performance implications of the path creation decision. From a management perspective, this research highlights trade-offs between resource utilization, congestion levels, and visitor perceptions that should be considered when determining the most appropriate journey design.

A large‐scale decision‐making model for the expediency of funding the development of tourism infrastructure in regions

AbstractThe main goal of this study was to develop a hybrid decision‐making support model regarding the feasibility of financing the development of tourism infrastructure of regions for V4 countries, based on the predicted assessment of the level of tourist movement in relation to the infrastructure and accessibility of the studied regions, expert opinions regarding the level of quality of tourist services and tourism development, as well as opinions of experts regarding the prospects of rapid growth of tourist movement in the region. For the first time, a hybrid fuzzy model for assessing the level of tourism quality in the region was developed, using the opinions of experts regarding the level of quality of tourist services and tourism development. For the first time, a five‐layer neuro‐fuzzy model was developed to derive a quantitative and linguistic assessment of the level of feasibility of financing the development of tourist infrastructure based on the experience, knowledge, and competences of experts regarding the prospects of rapid growth of tourist movement in the studied region. The research results were tested, and the developed model was verified on real data for 43 regions of the V4 countries.

"No Wonder That on This Spot God Spoke to Us": Intersection of Anglican Tourist-Pilgrims and Archaeology in British Mandate Palestine

For British Anglican tourists, archaeological tourism in Palestine marked an expansion of a broader British cultural and religious relationship to Palestine as a land made familiar by a childhood of bible stories and nativity scenes, and one which played a role in the biblification of Palestine and the appropriation of its past to validate and strengthen a connection to Britain and the Mandate. Archaeology offered a direct link to the materiality of the biblical past, experienced via a “kairotic moment” in which the past meets the present. By examining reports of British travelers to Palestine, this article considers how materially embodied religious experiences not only drove tourist movement to Palestine but also functioned as a keystone in Britain’s relationship with Palestine during the Mandate period. Behind this growth in archeological tourism, however, is a story of tension, most notably between Mandate Palestine’s first director of antiquities, John Garstang, and the Mandate and Westminster governments. From his optimism in a report on the future of archaeology in Palestine in 1919 to his bitter resignation in 1926, Garstang’s story represents the Mandate’s failures with regard to archaeology. These tensions and Garstang’s unease foreshadowed the development of archaeology as a tool of settler colonialism in occupied Palestine today.