Mountain National Nature Reserve Research Articles

紫耳箭竹克隆形态可塑性对典型冠层结构及光环境的响应

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 紫耳箭竹克隆形态可塑性对典型冠层结构及光环境的响应 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201710161859 作者: 作者单位: 西南大学生命科学学院，三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,西南大学生命科学学院，三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,西南大学生命科学学院，三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,西南大学生命科学学院，三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,西南大学生命科学学院，三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,西南大学生命科学学院，三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室，西南大学生命科学学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31570612） Response of clonal morphological plasticity of Fargesia decurvata to different forest canopy structures and light conditions Author: Affiliation: Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University,,,,,,Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:在重庆金佛山国家自然保护内，选择了3种典型群落类型（落叶阔叶林、常绿落叶阔叶混交林和常绿阔叶林），使用Hemiview数字植物冠层分析系统量化群落冠层结构和光环境特征，并对林下紫耳箭竹（Fargesia decurvata）的形态可塑性特征进行调查，分析冠层结构和光环境特征改变下紫耳箭竹形态可塑性的差异，并探讨它们之间的相互关系。结果表明：（1）随着落叶阔叶林→常绿落叶阔叶混交林→常绿阔叶林演替的进行，群落的冠层开度降低，叶面积指数增加，平均叶倾角变小，趋于水平化，冠层对光的截获能力提高，林下光照的强度降低（P < 0.05）。（2）随着光照强度的降低，紫耳箭竹分株矮小化，叶片变窄，生物量积累降低，但通过增大比茎长、叶面积率和比叶面积提高对光的利用效率，并增大分枝角度和比隔长有效适应弱光环境。（3）在光照条件差的常绿阔叶林下，紫耳箭竹降低对地下茎的投资，将较多的生物量用于秆的增高增长和叶片的生长；而在光照条件好的落叶阔叶林环境下，紫耳箭竹降低对枝、叶生物量的分配，则加大对地下茎的投资，可认为是克隆植物对水分资源所表现的一种觅食行为。研究表明，紫耳箭竹种群随着冠层结构的改变发生了明显的可塑性变化，这些可塑性变化是种群对冠层结构和光环境差异的适应性反应的结果，有利于增强种群对异质生境中光资源的获取和利用；群落内部可以通过调控冠层结构的改变协调和控制小径竹种群的发展。 Abstract:Clonal morphological plasticity, closely related to the maintenance and regeneration of populations, is the ability for a plant to adapt to a changing environment. In a field experiment, the Hemiview digital canopy analysis system was used to measure the canopy structures (canopy openness, CO; leaf area index, LAI; mean leaf angle, MLA) and light conditions (direct solar radiation under canopy, Dir; diffuse solar radiation under canopy, Dif; Total solar radiation under canopy, Tot) in three typical forest types (deciduous broad-leaved forest, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest) in Jinfo Mountains National Nature Reserve, Chongqing. The clonal morphological plasticity of understory dwarf bamboo, Fargesia decurvata, was also measured. Moreover, the relationship between canopy structure and morphological plasticity of F. decurvata was discussed. The results showed that:(1) With the development of forest succession, the CO and MLA decreased, but LAI increased, resulting in the increase in light interception capability of forest canopy and the decrease in the light intensity under forest canopy (P < 0.05). (2) Forest canopy condition had a significant effect on the morphological plasticity of F. decurvata ramets. With the decrease in light intensity, the culm height, basal diameter, leaf area, and biomass of F. decurvata ramets decreased. However, decreased light intensity can increase the specific culm length, leaf area ratio, and specific leaf area to improve the utilization efficiency of light and increase the branch angle of spacer and specific spacer length to adapt to low light environments. (3) Under the low light environment in an evergreen broad-leaved forest, F. decurvata reduced its investment in rhizome but allocated more biomass for culm and leaf growth. However, in the deciduous broad-leaved forest, F. decurvata reduced the allocation of branches and leaves and increased the investment in rhizome growth (spacer length and diameter), which can be considered as a foraging behavior to searching much more water resources. These results suggested that the morphological plasticity of F. decurvata underwent significant change in different forest canopies, which is the result of adaptive response to different forest canopy structures and light conditions and enhances the ability to acquire and utilize light resources in heterogeneous light environments. Moreover, the communities may be able to coordinate and control the development of dwarf bamboo by controlling the change of canopy structures and light conditions. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Mercury Release Flux and Its Influencing Factors Under Four Typical Vegetation Covers at Jinyun Mountain, Chongqing

In order to reveal the characteristics of mercury release flux and exchange across the soil/atmosphere interface under different vegetation cover types, four of these types (evergreen broad-leaved forest, bamboo forest, shrub, and grassland) were chosen as research samples at Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve, Chongqing, Continuous monitoring of the different vegetation covers, soil/atmosphere interface, and mercury release flux was conducted, at the same time as the effects of environmental factors were also considered. Results show that the annual average Hg emission flux for the four kinds of forest cover have obvious differences. The overall emission performance of Hg is ranked as:bamboo forest[17.77 ng·(m2·h)-1] > grassland[17.58 ng·(m2·h)-1] > shrubbery[16.87 ng·(m2·h)-1] > evergreen broad-leaved forest[14.32 ng·(m2·h)-1]. There are obviously seasonal differences between Hg emission and the four kinds of forested stands in Jinyun mountain and there are significant differences among the different forests. These differences mainly reflect that emissions in the warm season are higher than in the cold season. There is also an obvious diurnal variation of soil mercury release flux from different forested stands in Jinyun Mountain. Meteorological factors of light intensity, air temperature, soil temperature, and relative humidity also effects the soil/air interface meaning that mercury flux is not the same across land cover types. Temperature is the main factor affecting evergreen broad-leaved forest, shrub forests, and bamboo forests. Light intensity is the main influencing factor for grasslands.

Leaf litter decomposition dynamics in unmanaged Phyllostachys pubescens stands at high elevations in the Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve

Due to its rapid growth and high rate of spread, Phyllostachys pubescens can suppress other species, eventually leading to pure P. pubescens forests. Research on the patterns of litter decomposition and nutrient release from P. pubescens across stand mixtures are helpful to understand the decomposition and nutrient dynamics during the invasion process. However, little is known for unmanaged conditions at high elevations. Therefore, we studied the decomposition of four litter compositions comprised of different combinations of P. pubescens and Cunninghamia lanceolata foliage for one year to explore the pattern of litter decomposition and nutrient release at the Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve. The results show that: (1) the litter decomposed faster with a higher proportion of P. pubescens based on Olson’s decay model; (2) the remaining litter compositions followed a trigonometric function model better than Olson’s decay model and fluctuated periodically in tandem with changing temperature and precipitation; (3) the litter mixture decompositions did not support the biomass-ratio hypothesis test; and (4) there were significant binomial, power and exponential relationships between initial concentration and final amounts remaining after 1 year decomposition for C, N and P. The correlations between litter decomposition and nutrient releases were significant. The results may be used to explain the rapid spread of P. pubescens and to guide the natural management of plantations.

Polar organic tracers in PM2.5 aerosols from an inland background area in Southwest China: Correlations between secondary organic aerosol tracers and source apportionment

PM2.5 aerosol samples were collected over 12 hr and 24 hr intervals in an inland background area, Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve (hereafter shortened to Gongga), during the summer of 2011. Polar organic tracers, inorganic ions and meteorological data were measured. The purpose of this work was to investigate the variation patterns, formation and sources of the secondary organic aerosol tracers in the studied atmosphere. The average concentrations of isoprene oxidation products, α-pinene oxidation products, β-caryophyllinic acid, sugars, sugar alcohols and anhydrosugars were 88.6 ± 106.1, 3.6 ± 5.7, 0.13 ± 0.30, 13.6 ± 13.1, 31.9 ± 31.4 and 14.8 ± 10.7 ng/m3 respectively in all aerosol samples. The aged α-pinene second organic aerosol (SOA) tracers (i.e., 3-hydroxyglutraric acid (3HGA), 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylglutaric acid (HDMGA), 3-acetylpentandioic acid (APDA) and 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid (MBTCA)) correlated significantly with each other in the 24 hr PM2.5 aerosol samples, indicating that OH· is the major factor controlling the formation of these α-pinene SOA tracers. Using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and the tracer-based source apportionment method, we calculated that isoprene oxidation products, α-pinene oxidation products, sesquiterpene oxidation products, biomass burning, fungi spores and anthropogenic SOA accounted for 21.9% ± 5.5%, 8.4% ± 2.1%, 3.0% ± 0.7%, 5.2% ± 5.3%, 5.0% ± 6.2% and 31.4% ± 7.8% of organic carbon respectively during the sampling period.

Predicting the shift of threatened ungulates’ habitats with climate change in Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve of the Northwestern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Climate change has affected the geographic distribution of many species and numerous endemic species with narrow distribution ranges on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China, one of the biodiversity hotspots and critical eco-regions in the world. Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve is one of the most important refuges for the flagship species and threatened endemic ungulates, Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsoni), wild Tibetan donkey (Equus kiang), and wild yak (Bos mutus). We surveyed the distribution of these three species and their forage plants in the nature reserve between 2012 and 2013. Using the Maxent model, we projected the potential distribution of the Tibetan antelope, wild Tibetan donkey, and wild yak and their forage plants based on the four representative concentration pathways set by the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report for 2070. We generated 36 future model scenarios to assess and reduce the model uncertainties. We found that projected food availability associated with climate niche would be more realistic for ungulates distribution projections under climate change. Our results demonstrated that future climate change would greatly change the habitats of three threatened endemic ungulates and their forage plants. The ranges of climate niche projected for the Tibetan antelope, wild Tibetan donkey, and wild yak would be reduced by 44, 7, and 20%, respectively, with future climate change under representative concentration pathways 2.6 scenario. Among them, the ranges of Tibetan antelope and wild Tibetan donkey would reduce even more under warmer scenarios, but wild yak would be opposite. The projected distribution ranges of forage plants reduced with the climate change in the future. The combined effects of shifting climate niche and food resources would lead to the reduction of habitats for Tibetan antelope, wild Tibetan donkey, and wild yak by 82, 34, and 30% under representative concentration pathways 2.6. However, conditions would be worse for Tibetan antelope and wild Tibetan donkey but better for wild yak under other scenarios. We suggested that future conservation efforts should be focused on improving habitat quality (including food availability) and finding alternative habitats for the three ungulates especially Tibetan antelope and wild Tibetan donkey.

阿拉善马鹿(Cervus alashanicus)生境适宜性评价

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 阿拉善马鹿(Cervus alashanicus)生境适宜性评价 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201603250534 作者: 作者单位: 东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区管理局,东北林业大学野生动物资源学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目（2572014CA03，DL13EA01）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（31372221） Habitat assessment of red deer (Cervus alashanicus) in the Helan Mountains, China Author: Affiliation: College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University,College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University,College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University,Helan Mountains National Nature Reserve of Ningxia,College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:阿拉善马鹿（Cervus alashanicus）目前仅分布于贺兰山地区，对该物种进行生境适宜性的评价和分析是物种有效保护的前提和基础。2013-2014年通过样线调查及巡山资料查询，确定阿拉善马鹿出现位点86个，结合13种环境变量数据，利用最大熵（maximum entropy，MaxEnt）模型，并根据最大约登指数划定适宜与不适宜生境区，对贺兰山地区阿拉善马鹿的生境适宜性进行评价。ROC曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve）检测证明模型预测精度较高，研究结果表明：阿拉善马鹿主要分布于贺兰山东坡的中部和南部，以及西坡的中北部，适宜生境面积为667.87 km2，占研究区域面积的18.2%；矿区、坡度和海拔是影响阿拉善马鹿分布的最主要环境变量，矿区对阿拉善马鹿的影响最大，建议管理部门加大对此人为干扰的管控力度，控制和减少现有矿区的规模，以促进该种群的发展。 Abstract:Cervus alashanicus only occurs in the Helan Mountains. Evaluating the habitat suitability of Cervus alashanicus is the premise and foundation of effective protection for this population. We used a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model to predict habitat suitability for Cervus alashanicus in the Helan Mountains. The data needed in this research, included occurrence records of Cervus alashanicus and environmental factors. We collected 86 GPS coordinates for Cervus alashanicus occurrance obtained by line transect surveys and patrol data from the Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve from 2013 to 2014. Environmental factors were grouped into three categories, including topographic data (elevation, slope, and aspect) extracted from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), six vegetation factors extracted from the Thematic Mapper (TM) image of the Helan Mountains (2007), and water resources and human interference factors, including roads, mining, and forest protection points extracted from the 1 : 50000 vector maps of the Helan Mountains. GIS was used to produce the data needed in the model. The distribution of Cervus alashanicus was predicted using the model of MaxEnt. The area under the curve (AUC) values of a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the accuracy of the MaxEnt model, and the Youden Index was applied to determine the threshold value for habitat classification in the MaxEnt model. The simulated habitat was divided into two categories, including suitable and unsuitable habitat using a threshold value of 0.31. Finally, the distribution map of habitat suitability of Cervus alashanicus in the Helan Mountains was generated from the data and software, and the AUC value for training data and test data were 0.956 and 0.898 respectively, which indicated that the result of the assessment was excellent. The results showed that suitable habitat for Cervus alashanicus was primarily distributed in the central and southern regions of the Ningxia Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve (eastern part) and to a lesser extent in the northern region of the Inner-Mongolia Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve (western part), with a total area of 667.87 km2, accounting for 18.2% of the total assessment area. Most northern areas of Helan Mountains were unsuitable habitat for Cervus alashanicus because of lower precipitation and more mining. Jackknife tests and the contribution of environmental variables indicated that mining (30.4%), slope (26%), altitude (10.8%), and aspect (8.4%) were the main factors affecting habitat selection of Cervus alashanicus, followed by the forest protection points (5.7%), grasslands (4.2%), roads (4.2%), shrubs (4%), alpine meadows (3.8%), broad-leaved forests (1.3%), and water resources (0.9%). Coniferous forest and desert had little effect on the habitat selection of Cervus alashanicus. The response curves showed that habitat suitability increased gradually with the increase of distance from mine and road, and decreased when the slop was more than 30°. Results from our study suggested that mining was the most serious human interference for the Cervus alashanicus. Managers need to take more regulatory actions to protect the suitable habitat areas of Cervus alashanicus in order to promote the conservation of this population. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

河北小五台山国家级自然保护区森林群落与环境的关系

河北小五台山国家级自然保护区森林群落与环境的关系

The Critically Endangered Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri found in the Salween River Basin, China

AbstractThe Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri was discovered in 2010 on the western slopes of the Gaoligong Mountains in the Irrawaddy River basin in Myanmar and subsequently in the same river basin in China, in 2011. Based on 2 years of surveying the remote and little disturbed forest of the Gaoligong Mountains National Nature Reserve in China, with outline transect sampling and infrared camera monitoring, a breeding group comprising &gt; 70 individuals was found on the eastern slopes of the Gaoligong Mountains in the Salween River Basin. Given the Critically Endangered status of this primate (a total of &lt; 950 individuals are estimated to remain in the wild), efforts to protect the relatively undisturbed habitat of this newly discovered population and to prevent hunting are essential for the long-term survival of this species.

Characteristics of Nitrogen Deposition in Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve

G78 nitrogen deposition collector was used to investigate the background value of local nitrogen deposition flux in Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve of Fujian province. The results showed that dry and wet nitrogen deposition of Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve was 2.30 kg·hm-2 and 14.79 kg·hm-2 from March to October in 2015. 53% of dry deposition was in the form of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON, 1.21 kg·hm-2). The main form of inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in dry deposition was NO3- deposition (0.71 kg·hm-2), with NH4+ deposition (0.37 kg·hm-2) being lower compared to NO3- deposition. DON and DIN flux in wet deposition was 5.38 kg·hm-2 and 9.41 kg·hm-2, respectively. DIN flux in wet deposition was mainly in the form of NH4+ deposition (6.07 kg·hm-2). Wet nitrogen deposition flux was found positively correlated with local precipitation. Wet nitrogen deposition in Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve might have significant negative effects on local water resource.

长白山国家级自然保护区植被时空变化及其驱动因子

长白山国家级自然保护区植被时空变化及其驱动因子

基于Hegyi改进模型的毛竹林空间结构竞争动态分析

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于Hegyi改进模型的毛竹林空间结构和竞争分析 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201406131227 作者: 作者单位: 浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江农林大学环境与资源学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(31170595);国家十二五科技支撑计划(2012BAD22B0503);浙江省重点科技创新团队(2010R50030);教育部留学回国人员科研启动金项目(20101561);国家林业局造林司委托项目(SFA2130218-2) Analysis of the spatial structure and competition with a Phyllostachys edulis standbased on an improved Hegyi model Author: Affiliation: School of Environment and Resource, Zhejiang A & F University,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration,Lin’an,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration,Lin’an;Management Office,National Nature Reserve of Tianmu Mountain,Lin’an;The forestry specialty bureau of Tiantai country,Tian’tai Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以浙江省天目山国家级自然保护区内少受干扰的毛竹林为研究对象,设置100m×100m的固定标准地,进行连续5a的每竹调查,用全站仪精确测定每竹坐标(X,Y,Z)。提出新的竞争指数--竞争势(CP)。利用CP对2009-2013年毛竹林分竞争动态进行定量分析,并分别研究各年份毛竹林竞争强度与对象竹胸径、年龄之间的动态关系。结果表明:毛竹大小年现象明显,毛竹大年(2010、2012)的林分竞争强度明显大于小年(2009、2011、2013),且大小年之间竞争强度存在显著性差异(P < 0.01),毛竹大年之间林分竞争强度无显著性差异(P > 0.05),毛竹小年(2011、2013)之间林分竞争强度无显著性差异(P > 0.05),2009年毛竹林受雪灾和新竹株数影响,与其它年份林分竞争强度存在显著性差异(P < 0.01);毛竹林竞争强度随对象竹径阶的增大而减小,且服从幂函数关系;毛竹林竞争强度随对象竹龄级的增大而增大,且服从线性函数关系。CP在Hegyi模型的基础上,增加考虑毛竹生理特性,使对毛竹竞争关系的分析有了进一步拓展,从而更加全面有效地描述毛竹林分的竞争关系,应用CP分析毛竹林竞争动态规律,可为毛竹林经营提供参考依据。 Abstract:At present, many individual tree competition indices are used to measure the competitive ability of trees, and they are generally divided into distance-independent indices and distance-dependent indices depending on whether one is considering the space between trees. Distance-dependent indices are commonly used, especially the Hegyi competition index (CH). The CH was used to analyze the spatial structure of a Phyllostachys edulis stand studied by Tang et al., but we found that this CH needs to be improved. P. edulis is a Bambusoideae (Gramineae) species and does not have secondary cambium tissue, resulting in the termination of diameter at breast height (DBH) growth after completion of the stem growth. Unfortunately, there are different competitive intensities associated with the spatial structure of P. edulis stands, even in situations where the same distance exists between object and competition bamboo plants. This means they might have the same DBH, but would be considered to be of a different age. Such distinctions cannot be provided by the existing CH. In fact, competition within a P. edulis stand is affected significantly by intensity of physiological activity, which changes with variation of the metabolic turnover and aging process of an individual, or with its material growth period. Material growth periods are divided into enhancement stages, stationary stages, and declining stages, depending on different intensity of physiological activities. In the light of characteristic of P. edulis, considering its metabolic turnover and aging process, and adding a material growth period factor, a new competition index-competition potential (CP), which is based on CH (the Hegyi model), was proposed to analyze the spatial structure of P. edulis stands. A permanent plot measuring 100 m × 100 m, including a relatively lightly disturbed P. edulis stand, was established in the Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang province. There have been five annual surveys of the plot. Each bamboo tree was tallied and its coordinates (X, Y, Z) were measured using a total station survey device. From 2009 to 2013, we used the new competition index, CP, to quantitatively analyze the dynamic competition within the bamboo stand, as well as to study the dynamic relationship between intensity competition and DBH, and the dynamic relationship between intensity competition and age class. The results showed that the P. edulis stand has clear on-year/off-year cycles and that the competitive intensity of on-years (2010, 2012) is obviously higher than that of off-years (2009, 2011, 2013). The difference in competitive intensity within the P. edulis stand between on-years and off-years was significant (P < 0.01). The difference in competitive intensity within the P. edulis stand between on-years was not significant (P > 0.05), as was the difference in competitive intensity between off-years (2011and 2013; P > 0.05). Because of a snow disaster and the emergence of a number of new shoots, the competitive intensity within the P. edulis stand in 2009 showed significance difference (P < 0.01) from other years. The competitive intensity within the P. edulis stand decreased with increasing objective diameter class, and the results showed that the competition had a powerful relationship with DBH. The competitive intensity within the P. edulis stand increased with increasing age class and also had a significantly linear correlation with DBH.A combination of the growth characteristics and adopted physiological characteristics of P. edulis was used to develop an expanded analysis of competition between individuals of P. edulis. This allowed us to develop a more comprehensive and effective model (CP) to describe competition within a P. edulis stand. The new CP is therefore a feasible and reliable way to analyze competition within P. edulis stands and their dynamic characteristics. For these reasons, it could provide a theoretical basis for management of artificial P. edulis stands. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Ecological species groups and interspecific association of dominant tree species in Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve

Research on the ecological species groups and interspecific association of plant species are helpful to discover species coexistence processes and mechanisms, and to more fully understand plant community structure, function, and its taxonomy. However, little is known about the ecological species groups (ESG)and the interspecific association of dominant speciesin Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve of Fujian Province, China. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to explore the ESGusing maximal tree, and to analyze interspecific associations of 32 dominant species selected from 102 sample plots using the chi-square test. The results show that: (1) 32 dominant species have a significant overall positive interspecific association, which indicates that the natural forest in Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve is stable, (2) The species pairs with weak associations, non-associations and positive associations account for 10.88%, 29.64% and 59.48% of the total 496 species pairs respectively, which suggests that the population distributions of the dominant species investigated are relatively independent, (3) The following species pairs may be useful for practical application, , , , , , , and (4) The results of clustering analysis based on the maximal tree method indicates that the 32 dominant speciescan be divided into 3 ESGs when λat 0.60, that is ESGⅠ{Pinus massoniana, Cunning hamia lanceolata}, ESG Ⅱ{P. taiwanensis, R. farrerae, Enkianthus quinqueflorus}, ESG Ⅲ{C. carlesii, A. chinensis, C. eyrei, Castanopsis fabri, C. fargesii, Schima superba, Machilus thunbergii, Rhododendron latoucheae}. The results may be used for the selection of afforestation tree species in South China Forest Areas and guide the natural management of plantations.

Characterization of summer PM2.5 aerosols from four forest areas in Sichuan, SW China

Aerosol samples were collected over 24 and 12h to represent day/night aerosol characteristics in forest areas at Ya’an Baima Spring Scenic Area (BM), Panzhihua Cycas National Nature Reserve (PZ), Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve (GG), and Wolong National Nature Reserve (WL), during the summers of 2010–2012. Mass and chemical component concentrations, including organic carbon, elemental carbon, and inorganic ions (F−, Cl−, NO2−, NO3−, SO42−, C2O42−, PO43−, K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and NH4+), of PM2.5 aerosols were measured. The average PM2.5 concentrations for 24h were 72.42, 104.89, 20.55, and 29.19μg/m3 at BM, PZ, GG, and WL, respectively. Organic matter accounted for 38.0–49.3%, while elemental carbon accounted for 2.0–5.7% of PM2.5 mass. The sum concentrations of SO42−, NH4+, and NO3− accounted for 23.0%, 17.4%, 22.1%, and 30.5% of PM2.5 mass at BM, PZ, GG, and WL, respectively. Soil dust was also an important source of PM2.5, accounting for 6.3%, 17.0%, 10.4%, and 19.1% of PM2.5 mass at BM, PZ, GG, and WL, respectively. These reconstructed masses accounted for 75.9–102.0% of PM2.5 mass from the four forest areas of SW China.

漓江上游典型森林植被对降水径流的调节作用

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 漓江上游典型森林植被对降水径流的调节作用 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201311262814 作者: 作者单位: 桂林理工大学旅游学院 广西 桂林,桂林理工大学旅游学院 广西 桂林,桂林理工大学旅游学院 广西 桂林,桂林理工大学,广西猫儿山国家级自然保护区管理局 广西 兴安,广西猫儿山国家级自然保护区管理局 广西 兴安 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(30860058, 41261006);国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAC16B04);广西科技攻关计划课题(桂科攻1298006-3) The regulation effect of typical forest on rainfall-runoff in upper reaches of Lijiang River Author: Affiliation: Guilin University of technology,Guilin university of technology,Guilin university of technology,,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:利用野外同步长期定位观测林外降雨、地表径流和河川径流的方法,对漓江上游典型森林植被的生态水文过程进行观测研究。结果表明:1)流域降水年内分配极不均匀,50a年降雨量总体变化趋势不明显。林冠截留受林外降雨特征的影响,也与植被类型密切相关。2)地表径流平均滞后时间为70 min。在连续降雨的情况下,降雨滞后效应不再明显,甚至出现地表径流与降雨同步的现象,小降雨可能产生大的地表径流,从而加大流域在雨季发生洪灾的风险。3)湿季径流系数略大于旱季,干季降水量减少,且森林植被消耗大量水分,减少了枯水期径流的产生,增大发生旱灾的风险。森林植被延长河川径流持续时间,使一次持续18 d的降水过程形成的径流,在降水停止后能延续24 d。降雨后退水持续时间与前期降水及后期降水叠加有关。目的为揭示漓江上游森林植被对降水径流的调节作用,客观评估漓江上游水资源潜力、加强流域水资源管理和森林经营提供科学依据。 Abstract:The relationship between forest and water resources has been a main scientific issue in the study of ecological hydrology, which is also an important theoretic foundation for hydrological prediction and regulation. Different forest vegetations create different canopy structure and micro-environment, which affect the distribution of rainfall among canopy, litter and different soil layers through water interception, water retention and transpiration and exert a great impact on surface runoff and river discharge. Recent studies have showed that the function of forest vegetation in reducing flood peaks during the rainy season and increasing the river flow in the dry season might be exaggerated. The relationship between forest vegetation and river flow still needs further confirmation. Lijiang River was a core mountain-water scenic spot in Guilin. Precipitation in Lijiang river basin was abundant, but its distribution within the year was irregular and rainfall mainly happened in rainy season (from March to August). Forest vegetation in the basin plays an important ecological and hydrological regulating function. In this research, data was collected in typical forest vegetation in upper reaches of Lijiang River in Mao'er Mountain National Nature Reserve, Guangxi Province. Hydrological processes, such as rainfall, surface runoff and river flow were monitored and analyzed in typical forests of Mao'er Mountain. The results showed that, 1)The distribution of annual and inter-annual precipitation was irregular revealed by statistical analysis of annual precipitation. The rainfall intensity and the rainfall frequency in the rainy season were heavy and the rainfall in the dry season (from September to February of the following year) accounts for only 17.61% of the annual total precipitation.No significant trend was found for inter-annual precipitation in the last 50 years. The canopy interception was greatly related with rainfall characteristics and forest vegetation. 2)Forest ecosystems had complex canopy structure and exerted a great impact on rainfall redistribution and the average lag time of surface runoff was 70 min. With continuous rainfall, the lagging effect might not be obvious and the surface runoff and the rainfall appeared at the same time, which largely increased the probability of generating heavy runoff after light rain and also the risk of flood in rainy season. 3)The runoff coefficient in dry season was lower than that in rainy season because of less rainfall and more evapo-transpiration, which increased the risk of serious drought. Forest vegetation put off the peak of river flow behind, extended the runoff duration for 24 days with 18 days of continuous rainfall. For a long time, due to the different geographical environment, soil conditions and forest structure has different influence on the redistribution of precipitation, the formation process of surface runoff, underground runoff as well as evaporation, which lead to the relationships of forest vegetation, surface runoff, and river flow are still controversial in the academia. This study would provide scientific basis for better understanding of the relationships between forest vegetation and its hydrological effects, helping to facilitate water resources and achieving wise forest management in upper reaches of Lijiang River. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Spatio-temporal variability in rangeland conditions associated with climate change in the Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau over the past 15 years

One of the focuses of global change research is on the impact of climate change on alpine vegetation. The Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve is the largest alpine desert rangeland reserve in China to protect wild endangered ungulate species. This paper aims to detect changing trends in rangeland conditions in this region. Temporal changes in the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the rangelands in the Altun Nature Reserve and its correlation with climatic variables were studied over the period from 1998 to 2012. Based on the NDVI index and using ArcGIS spatial analyst, the areas of likely rangeland degradation and areas of improved in rangeland condition were identified using linear regression analysis. The results showed that NDVI values were relatively low, varying from 0.04 to 0.1, and there existed distinct monthly changes. The highest NDVI values were exhibited in August. Generally, the NDVI showed an increasing trend over time with several annual fluctuations. High values were distributed mainly in the core area of the nature reserve. Trend analysis showed that vegetation near rivers and lakes was most likely to be degraded but, overall, the vegetation conditions improved over the 15 years of the study, which meant an improvement in the habitats of key wild ungulate species. Precipitation and temperature had a significant linear positive correlation with NDVI, which suggested that they were the main driving forces for rangeland improvement. The vegetation at the edge of the protected areas appeared degraded due to human activities.

天目山近自然毛竹林空间结构与胸径的关系

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 天目山近自然毛竹林空间结构与胸径的关系 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201308252154 作者: 作者单位: 浙江农林大学环境与资源学院 临安,浙江农林大学环境与资源学院 临安,浙江农林大学环境与资源学院 临安,浙江农林大学环境与资源学院 临安,天目山国家级自然保护区管理局 临安 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(31170595); 国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2012BAD22B0503); 浙江省重点科技创新团队(2010R50030); 教育部留学回国人员科研启动金项目(20101561); 国家林业局造林司委托项目(SFA2130218-2) The relationship between spatial structure and DBH of close-to-nature Phyllostachys edulis stands in Tianmu Mountain Author: Affiliation: School of Environment and Resource,Zhejiang A F University,School of Environment and Resource,Zhejiang A F University,School of Environment and Resource,Zhejiang A F University,School of Environment and Resource,Zhejiang A F University,Management Office,National Nature Reserve of Tianmu Mountain,Linan Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以浙江省天目山国家级自然保护区内的近自然毛竹林为研究对象,设置1块100m×100m的固定标准地,采用相邻网格调查法划分为100个调查单元,通过全站仪精确定位毛竹基部的三维坐标(X, Y, Z),利用角尺度、大小比数和年龄隔离度3个林分空间结构指数,并按毛竹胸径大小划分为Ⅰ(DBH < 7cm) 、Ⅱ(7cm ≤ DBH<13cm)、Ⅲ(DBH ≥ 13cm)3个径级,分析近自然毛竹林空间结构与胸径的关系。结果表明:毛竹林直径结构呈右偏近似正态分布,与乔木同龄林直径结构较接近;Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ径级毛竹以及全林分的空间分布格局分别为聚集、随机、随机和随机,毛竹林角尺度随径阶的增加有减小的趋势,且服从幂函数关系,决定系数R2=0.7793,各径阶角尺度无显著性差异(P > 0.05);毛竹林整体处于中庸状态,胸径大小分化不明显,各径级毛竹优势度排序为Ⅲ > Ⅱ > Ⅰ,毛竹林大小比数随径阶的增加而减小,与胸径呈线性关系,决定系数R2=0.9233,各径阶大小比数差异极显著(P < 0.01);毛竹林的平均年龄隔离度为0.8178,属强度至极强度异龄,各径级毛竹年龄隔离程度大小排序为Ⅲ > Ⅱ > Ⅰ,毛竹林年龄隔离度随径阶的增大呈现逐渐递增的趋势,且服从幂函数关系,决定系数R2=0.6774,各径阶年龄隔离度差异极显著(P < 0.01)。 Abstract:Tree diameter structure is an important and basic role in forest structure. For the reason that the diameter at breast height (DBH) can be easily and accurately measured. Because it has a close relationship with variables such as stand density, tree age, tree height, canopy, biodiversity and so on, diameter structure is often used as a direct-response stand structure characteristic. DBH belongs to a set of non-spatial forest structure factors, and is frequently used to analyze the relationship between stand structure and growth, e.g. Recently, studies of forest spatial structure have expanded, partly due to the fact that the DBH is an important factor in explaining the growth of trees, and in many cases because the diameter structure has been used to analyze the relationship between spatial structure and DBH. Similarly, DBH is also an important factor in reflecting the growth of moso bamboo (Phyllpstachys edulis) forests. The DBH of moso bamboo can directly influence leaf area and root area volume, which affects the growth of moso bamboo. Others have performed a number of research studies on the relationship between DBH and other bamboo forest structure factors, such as bamboo height, age composition, canopy structure, and so on. However, these factors are generally measures of non-spatial structure. Recently, research suggests that a distance-dependent spatial index can accurately describe the moso bamboo stand structure, and therefore it is important to analyze and control the relationship between moso bamboo stand structure and function. Previous studies rarely reported the relationship between moso bamboo stand spatial structure and diameter. Therefore, three spatial structure parameters, uniform angle index, neighborhood comparison and age mingling degree were used to analyze the relationship between moso bamboo spatial structure and diameter, and thus provide a theoretical basis for sustainable moso bamboo forest management. The study was established in a close-to nature moso bamboo stand in Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang province. The study design involved a fixed plot of 1hm2 (100 m×100 m), which was divided into 100 units by adjacent grid inventory. Each moso bamboo was located in terms of x-, y-, and z-coordinates using a Total Station. Three spatial structure parameters, including neighborhood comparison, uniform angle index, age mingling degree were evaluated. The DBH was recorded into one of three classes: Ⅰclass (DBH < 7 cm), Ⅱ class (7 cm ≤ DBH < 13 cm), Ⅲ class (DBH ≥ 13 cm). These classes were used to analyzed the relationship between spatial structure and DBH of the close-to-nature moso bamboo stand. The results showed that the frequency distribution of DBH had a right-skewed normal distribution, which is the similar to even-aged arbor stands. The spatial pattern of class Ⅱand class Ⅲ was of random distribution, similar to the distribution of the whole stand, but the pattern of class Ⅰshowed an aggregation distribution pattern. The uniform angle indexes decreased with increasing diameter classes, and results showed that the uniform index had a powerful relationship with DBH, with the determination coefficient between DBH and uniform index being 0.7793. The uniform angle of different diameter classes showed no obvious significant difference (P > 0.05). The neighborhood comparison showed that for stands in an intermediate status, the DBH differentiation was not significant. The neighborhood comparison values showed that the ranking of the dominant degree was: Ⅲ > Ⅱ > Ⅰ. And the neighborhood comparisons decreased with increasing diameter classes, as well as had a significantly linear correlation with DBH (the determination coefficient was 0.9233). The neighborhood comparison of different diameter classes showed significant differences (P < 0.01). The average age mingling of the stand was 0.8178, suggesting the age mingling intensity was intensive. The age mingling values showed the ranking of age segregation was: Ⅲ > Ⅱ > Ⅰ. And age mingling increased with increasing diameter classes, as well as had a strong relationship with DBH, where the determination coefficient was 0.6774. The age mingling of different diameter classes was also significanly different (P < 0.01). 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

阿尔金山自然保护区基于野牦牛、藏野驴、藏羚羊适宜栖息地的生态容量估测

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 阿尔金山自然保护区基于野牦牛、藏野驴、藏羚羊适宜栖息地的生态容量估测 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201405181016 作者: 作者单位: 北京师范大学环境学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 环保公益项目(201209033);国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2012BAC01B02) Estimation of ecological carrying capacity for wild yak, kiang, and Tibetan antelope based on habitat suitability in the Aerjin Mountain Nature Reserve, China Author: Affiliation: School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:阿尔金山国家级自然保护区保护了以野牦牛(Bos mutus)、藏野驴(Equus kiang)、藏羚羊(Pantholops hodgsoni)为代表的青藏高原特有野生动物及其栖息地,但是近年来野生动物数量的快速增长引发了栖息地退化的问题,科学量化阿尔金山自然保护区各类栖息地对野牦牛、藏羚羊、藏野驴的生态容量,并提出相应的野生动物管理措施,是实现保护区可持续管理的根本途径。本文应用遥感技术和地面调查相结合的方法,系统分析了保护区内野牦牛、藏野驴和藏羚羊的栖息地需求,建立了植物生物量和NDVI 的关系模型,结合三类野生动物的食性分析,估测了适宜栖息地(高寒草原、高寒荒漠草原、高寒草甸、高寒荒漠)为三类野生动物提供的可食植物量,推算了适宜栖息地和整个保护区可以承载三类野生动物的生态容量。结果表明:阿尔金山自然保护区内野牦牛、藏野驴和藏羚羊的适宜栖息地面积分别为31866.07、24035.51、24035.51 km2,三类野生动物的适宜栖息地之间相互重叠,藏野驴和藏羚羊的适宜栖息地基本相同;全保护区内,高寒草原、高寒荒漠草原、高寒荒漠和高寒草甸分别提供了3944.91×104、3126.32×104、138.19×104、564.49×104 kg可食植物量;结合三类野生动物的栖息地重叠程度及食物需求量分析,得出阿尔金山保护区的最大生态容量为野牦牛7951头/a、藏野驴6907头/a、藏羚羊27094只/a;结合三类野生动物对食物资源的占有率估计,得出阿尔金山三类野生动物的生态容量变幅为野牦牛3976-7156头/a,藏野驴3454-6216头/a、藏羚羊13547-24385只/a。根据阿尔金山自然保护区各类栖息地对三类野生动物的生态容量,提出适当控制藏野驴种群数量、增加藏羚羊种群数量的建议,以促进野生动物种群数量的持续增长和栖息地的有效保护。 Abstract:Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve (AMNNR) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China, is a major refuge for three wild ungulates;wild yak (Bos mutus), kiang (Equus kiang), and Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsoni). This nature reserve is important for conserving these three wild endemic ungulates and their habitats. Over decades of conservation, the populations of these three ungulates have increased rapidly. However, the administrators of AMNNR considered that the kiang might have become overpopulated, which would result in habitat degradation. Thus, it is vital implement wildlife management planning based on the quantification of ecological carrying capacity for sustainable nature reserve management. In this study, vehicular transects were conducted to survey the distribution data and record the populations of wild yak, kiang, and Tibetan antelope from May to June, 2012, and June to July, 2013, in the AMNNR. We integrated remote sensing data analysis with on-the-ground plot surveys to identify suitable habitats (alpine steppe, alpine desert steppe, alpine desert, and alpine meadow) for all three ungulates, and we estimated habitat production. A dietary analysis of wild yak, kiang, and Tibetan antelope was completed to estimate the amount of edible grasses required for the three wild ungulates in suitable habitats. Using the empirical formula (calculation of the proper carrying capacity of rangelands) provided by the PRC Ministry of Agriculture, we quantified the carrying capacity for all three species in suitable habitats and in the whole natural reserve. The results showed that areas of suitable habitat for wild yak, kiang, and Tibetan antelope were 31866.07 km2, 24035.51 km2, and 24035.51 km2, respectively. There were big overlaps in the suitable habitats for all three wild ungulates, which shared almost the same suitable habitats. Within the suitable habitats, alpine steppe, alpine desert steppe, alpine desert, and alpine meadow could potentially provide 3944.91×104 kg, 3126.32×104 kg, 138.19×104 kg, and 564.49×104 kg edible grasses, respectively for these three species. Considering the overlaps of suitable habitats and the different requirements of the three species, the maximum ecological carrying capacities of the whole nature reserve were estimated to be 7951 heads/year for wild yak, 6907 heads/year for kiang, and 24959 heads/year for Tibetan antelope. The ecological carrying capacity ranges under different probabilities of food availability were 3976-7156 heads/year for wild yak, 3454-6216 heads/year for kiang, and 13547-24385 heads/year for Tibetan antelope. Comparison of the actual population size and that which could be supported by the ecological carrying capacity of suitable habitats within the AMNNR, indicated that kiang are overpopulated, wild yak are close to the maximum ecological carrying capacity, and Tibetan antelope are underpopulated. Therefore, the best management practice should be applied to control the kiang population and to promote the Tibetan antelope population. Such action would balance the different wildlife species that share the same habitats and would maintain habitat health to sustain the AMNNR. Conservation efforts should focus on the long-term ecological monitoring of habitats in the reserve to avoid grassland degradation caused by the overpopulation of animals. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Mapping and assessing typhoon-induced forest disturbance in Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve using time series Landsat imagery

Monitoring forest disturbances is important for understanding changes in ecosystems. The 1986 Typhoon Vera was a serious disturbance that severely impacted the forest ecosystems of Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve. Although the typhoon disturbance occurred more than two decades ago, the effects of the typhoon still remain within the study area. Few studies have focused on mapping and assessing disturbances across broad spatial and temporal scales. For this study, we first generated a map of forest composition prior to the typhoon disturbance, which served as a baseline data for the extraction of disturbed area. Then, the Disturbance Index (DI) method was tested for mapping the extent and magnitude of disturbance in the study area by applying a Tasseled Cap transformation to the Landsat imagery. The Landsat-based DI method estimated that an area of 13,764.78 ha of forest was disturbed by the typhoon. Based on visual assessments, these results correspond closely with the reference map derived from ground surveys. These results also revealed the influence of local topographic features on the distribution of windthrow areas. Windthrow areas were more pronounced in areas with elevations ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 m, slopes of less than 10 degrees, and southwestern to northwestern aspects. In addition, the relatively long (25 years) post-typhoon recovery period assessed by this study provided a more comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of forest recovery processes over time. Windthrow areas did not recover immediately after the typhoon, likely due to forest management practices enacted at the time. So far, forest recovery has proceeded more rapidly at elevations below 1,400 m, particularly on western slopes within the study area. Finally, a time series of DI values within the study period suggests a secondary disturbance may have occurred between 2000 and 2001.

Changing stakeholder relationships in nature reserve management: A case study on Snake Island-Laotie Mountain National Nature Reserve, Liaoning, China

The number and total area of nature reserves in China has increased rapidly over the past couple of decades; however, the ability to effectively manage these reserves has not kept pace and conflicts between conservation efforts and economic development have emerged. The Snake Island-Laotie Mountain National Nature Reserve (SILMNNR) currently is experiencing the challenges of balancing conservation with local community development. This paper uses components analysis of human ecosystems (HEC) to examine conflicts arising from the management of the nature reserve and uses a stakeholder analysis to identify and better understand stakeholder inter-relationships in the SILMNNR-HEC. The goal of this study is to identify critical factors influencing stakeholder relationships in order to find ways of relieving conflicts between the reserve management and development. The stakeholder analysis revealed that the key stakeholders in the SILMNNR-HEC are natural resources, the Liaoning SILMNNR Authority, local residents, and enterprise developers; however, there was unequal power among stakeholders in the decision making process affecting the nature reserve. The paper evaluated the conditions and processes of SILMNNR-HEC through a framework of stakeholder relationships where critical factors, such as policy, finance, technology, and labor, and their respective strengths and feedbacks among stakeholders, were assessed and showed unequal flows of power among stakeholders. Two approaches are provided for transforming the unbalanced relationships into a stable and sustainable framework to sustainably manage the nature reserve: the first is by changing stakeholder relationships from opposition to cooperation; and the second by enhancing feedbacks and dynamics among stakeholders. The analysis used in this paper can be used as a model to assess conflicts around other protected areas in China and elsewhere.

Characterizing the importance of habitat patches in maintaining landscape connectivity for Tibetan antelope in the Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve, China

AbstractConnectivity of habitat patches is crucial for wildlife dispersal and survival, and identifying patches with high importance for maintaining connectivity can aid effective wildlife management. Knowledge of the habitat distribution of the Tibetan antelope in the Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve, which is essential for connectivity analysis, remains limited. We analyzed potential habitat distribution and priority patches using GIS‐based habitat suitability modeling with three weighting factors and evaluated the connectivity of habitat patches under four dispersal distance scenarios. Patches with high habitat suitability covered 25.39 % of the total area, and these patches were selected for connectivity analysis as resource patches. Connectivity analysis indicated that, although the overall probability of connectivity (PC) showed an upward trend with increasing dispersal distance, the importance of each patch varied considerably under different dispersal distance scenarios. Transfer analysis of patch numbers between different importance levels revealed that the number of patches becoming less important was higher than the number of patches becoming more important when dispersal distance increased. In addition, nine patches covering 38.49 % of the suitable habitat area were identified as priority patches, in particular the patches near the Kardun and the Karchuka inspection stations. We also found that the habitat distribution of the Tibetan antelope obtained from the suitability model matched the population distribution determined by a field survey. Correlation analysis between patch area and the percentage of PC index value loss (dPC) revealed that the larger patches in this region were more likely to be important for maintaining connectivity.