Motor Vehicle Users Research Articles

A mixed-methods examination of fixed-object crashes among electric utility company fleet vehicles

IntroductionOne of the most common and serious types of crashes among all motor-vehicle users involves collisions with fixed objects. This type of crash occurs frequently among utility vehicle workers while driving for work. The overarching objective of this research was to improve the safety of electric utility company vehicle operators by determining the circumstances under which utility vehicles are involved in crashes with fixed objects and to provide recommendations to help drivers and utility fleet company management prevent these types of crashes. MethodsThe study incorporated a mixed methods approach and gathered information from structured interviews with safety managers at electric power companies and an analysis of utility vehicle crashes using data supplied by electric power companies and a statewide database in Michigan. ResultsMany factors were found to contribute to fixed-object crashes including engagement in secondary tasks and job productivity pressure. Information was organized and evaluated to develop 11 recommendations for countermeasure strategies that are directed at various levels within the system in which the drivers operate. DiscussionThis study was the first to explore fixed-object crashes among electric utility fleet vehicles. The findings are unique in that they provide insight into the safety practices in an industry that has received limited academic attention and highlight the need to place greater emphasis on road safety practices in the workplace. Practical applicationCountermeasures generated for this study are applicable to companies in which fleet driver safety is a primary concern.

Get BusActive!: Protocol of a single-blinded randomised controlled trial incentivising public transport use for physical activity gain among young people and adults.

Population level physical activity generally does not meet recommended targets. Compared with private motor vehicle users, public transport users tend to be more physically active and financial incentives may encourage more public transport use, but these relationships are under-investigated. This paper describes the protocol of a randomised controlled trial that aimed to determine the effect of financially incentivising public transport use on physical activity in a regional Australian setting. Get BusActive! is a 9.5-month single-blinded randomised controlled trial. A convenience sample of Tasmanians aged ≥15 years will be randomised to a 14-week incentive-based intervention (bus trip target attainment rewarded by bus trip credits and weekly supportive text messages) or an active control following baseline measures and will be followed up ∼24 weeks later (maintenance phase). Both groups will receive written physical activity guidelines. The primary outcome is change in accelerometer-measured steps/day from baseline to immediately post intervention phase and maintenance phase. Secondary outcomes are change in: smartcard-measured bus trips/week; measured and self-reported minutes/week of physical activity and sitting; transport-related behaviour (using one-week travel diary), perspectives (e.g. enablers/barriers) and costs; health. Linear mixed model regression will determine group differences. Participant-level process evaluation will be conducted and intervention cost to the public transport provider determined. Get BusActive! will fill an important knowledge gap about the causal relationship between financially incentivised public transport use and physical activity-the findings will benefit health and transport-related decision makers. ACTRN12623000613606. U1111-1292-3414.

Understanding shared bike usages toward metros with fewer physical road separations

Physical road separations are normally considered cyclist-friendly, but whether they are unfriendly to the combination of bike-share (BS) and metros is seldom investigated since they might affect the cycling’s flexibility and convenience to cross streets and reach the destination. Although integrating BS and metro is thought to mitigate traffic congestion, how traffic congestion affects the usage of integration remains unknown. This study, conducted in Suzhou, China, examines new factors (road separation and traffic congestion) alongside well-studied factors influencing BS and metro integration. The survey revealed increased BS usage frequency after a new metro’s opening. Variables such as road separations, traffic congestion information, road network density, and proximity to metros are considered. They are processed in a selected area considering cyclable network and Thiessen Polygon corresponding to the selected metro stations. An ordered probit model is established to investigate significant factors. It is found that as more columns of road separations exist, the cyclists are less likely to use BS towards metros, regardless of whether they are cycling weekends or weekdays. Interestingly, after the new metro opened and a new metro hub was formed, proximity to the new metro hub is associated with lower BS transfer demand. A higher congestion level promotes more cycling toward the metro system on weekdays as well as higher parking fees. This indicates that the combination of BS and metro could attract former motor vehicle users and this finding could be instructive for urban planners and road designers.

Processing and Integration of Multimodal Image Data Supporting the Detection of Behaviors Related to Reduced Concentration Level of Motor Vehicle Users

This paper introduces a comprehensive framework for the detection of behaviors indicative of reduced concentration levels among motor vehicle operators, leveraging multimodal image data. By integrating dedicated deep learning models, our approach systematically analyzes RGB images, depth maps, and thermal imagery to identify driver drowsiness and distraction signs. Our novel contribution includes utilizing state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) networks for effective feature extraction and classification across diverse distraction scenarios. Additionally, we explore various data fusion techniques, demonstrating their impact on improving detection accuracy. The significance of this work lies in its potential to enhance road safety by providing more reliable and efficient tools for the real-time monitoring of driver attentiveness, thereby reducing the risk of accidents caused by distraction and fatigue. The proposed methods are thoroughly evaluated using a multimodal benchmark dataset, with results showing their substantial capabilities leading to the development of safety-enhancing technologies for vehicular environments. The primary challenge addressed in this study is the detection of driver states not relying on the lighting conditions. Our solution employs multimodal data integration, encompassing RGB, thermal, and depth images, to ensure robust and accurate monitoring regardless of external lighting variations

Free bus fares, bus use and physical activity: An exploratory cross-sectional study.

Public transport (PT) users often accumulate more physical activity (PA) than private motor vehicle users and financial incentives may increase PT use. Responding to rising petrol prices, from 28 March to 1 May 2022, the Tasmanian government made public bus use fare-free. This exploratory study examined the perceived impact of fare-free buses on bus use and PA. Tasmanian adults who had used the fare-free buses (N = 548) completed an online survey (4 May-14 June 2022). Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential methods and responses to open-ended questions categorised. Over the fare-free period, 46% of participants reported more bus use-average weekly bus trips increased from 3.0 to 4.0 (p < 0.001). Most (81%) participants, including 36% (n = 33/93) who were not previous bus users, planned continued bus use despite financial cost. Total PA was reported higher (36%), the same (60%) and lower (4%) than usual during the fare-free period. Higher total PA was more common amongst those reporting increased bus use (n = 186/240; 78%). Responses to open-ended questions revealed: bus use-related PA gain was through walking to/from bus stops, more frequently attending PA settings (e.g., the gym) and unexpected walking due to bus service limitations; household-level cost savings, improved travel opportunities and better social/mental health were additional fare-free benefits. Fare-free buses were commonly perceived to increase bus use and PA. Intervention studies would determine if PA and financially incentivised PT have a causal relationship. Individual- and societal-level health economic analysis of free PT is warranted.

Perancangan Sistem Emergency Call untuk Pengendara Bermotor Berbasis Mobile

The progress of land transportation, especially motorized vehicles, has a great influence on people's welfare. Currently motorized vehicles have a large contribution to the development of transportation in Indonesia. The increasing number of vehicles always results in problems such as flat tires, running out of petrol or breaking down and the number of these incidents always increases. When problems occur on the highway, drivers always have difficulty finding locations and information about relevant places in order to ask for help with the problems they are facing. This research aims to enable motorized vehicle users to have an Android-based mobile application that is useful for providing location information and related parties to speed up the rescue process. The application that will be developed has a emergency call feature for users to service providers or relevant locations according to the driver's problem. Not only that, this system is also a business platform for those who want to join the merchant feature in it. In this mobile application study, the author will utilize the Google Maps API so that he can search and recommend the nearest place for motorists to seek help. This research was carried out from the analysis, design, implementation, to testing stages.

An Empirical Framework to Quantify the Individual Traffic Congestion Cost for Private Motorized Vehicle Users

Traffic congestion negatively affects the economy, human well-being, safety, and environment in both developed and developing countries. In the past, numerous studies have been undertaken to assess congestion costs. This research focuses on quantifying the individual costs incurred due to traffic congestion and the effects of socio-demographic characteristics on the individual congestion of private motorized vehicle users in the context of an urban metropolitan (Lahore) in Pakistan. Further, the study has also proposed individual traffic congestion cost (ITCC) analytics to estimate the costs related to traffic congestion. Also, statistical tests, such as the ANOVA and T-test, have been employed to determine the impact of socio-demographic characteristics on individual congestion costs. The primary data was collected from the target population by filling out a questionnaire in the study area. With a confidence level of 95% and a sampling error of 6%, this study used a sample size of 282 participants. The study findings showed that the ITCC for the respondents ranged from 17.29 rupees per day to 1136.88 rupees per day. The ANOVA and the t-test indicate that all socio-demographic variables affect the calculation of ITCC. Furthermore, this research showed that car-owning respondents faced higher individual congestion costs than motorbike-owning respondents. The anticipated contribution of this study will aid private motorized vehicle users in estimating their individual congestion costs and managing their expenses. In addition, it will encourage individuals to modify their travel habits to make more efficient use of transportation for their daily tasks.

Analysis of EU Countries’ Capabilities to Achieve Ambitious “Zero Victim” Vision in 2050

The objective of this research paper is to examine and assess the correlation between the economic expansion of European Union member states and the escalating rate of motorization, which subsequently leads to road accidents resulting in significant loss of life and injury. A statistical analysis of economic growth, the rate of motorization, and road incidents in EU member states from 2010 to 2020 constitutes the research methodology. The research paper employs a quantitative approach to analysis and comparison. The research paper demonstrates how an increase in the number of motor vehicles in EU member states contributes to road accidents and human mortality. Varying degrees of economic development are associated with disparities between the rate of motorization expansion and the decline in fatalities. Because the rate of increase in motor vehicle usage surpasses the decline in fatalities per motor vehicle at low-income levels. At increased levels of income, the opposite occurs. Practical Implications: This research paper illustrates the importance for road traffic safety authorities to be aware of safety performance indicators and to incorporate them into legislative deliberations in order to bolster the European Union’s “zero victims” objective and provide enhanced protection for motor vehicle accident victims. Originality – This paper examines the correlation between motorization rates and fatalities in various EU member states with varying degrees of economic development over the past few decades.

Primary Care Professionals' Empathy and Its Relationship to Approaching Patients with Risky Alcohol Consumption.

The aim of this study was to estimate the level of empathy among primary care (PC) health professionals and its relationship with their approach to patients at risk due to alcohol consumption. This is an observational, descriptive, and multicenter study that included 80 PHC professionals. The professionals completed a questionnaire comprising socio-occupational questions and inquiries regarding their actions when dealing with patients suspected of risky alcohol consumption. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy was used to measure their level of empathy and was completed by 80 professionals, of whom 57.5% were family physicians, 10% were nurses, and 32.5% were family- and community-medicine residents. The mean age was 39.5 ± 13.1 (SD) (range of 24-65 years) and 71.3% were females. The mean empathy level score was 112.9 ± 11.1 (95% CI: 110.4-115.4; range: 81-132 points). Actions that stood out for their frequency were providing health advice in the general population, offering advice to pregnant women, and recommending abstinence to users of hazardous machinery or motor vehicles. The level of empathy was associated with age (p = 0.029), the health center's scope (p = 0.044), systematic alcohol exploration (p = 0.034), and follow-ups for patients diagnosed with risky consumption (p = 0.037). The mean score obtained indicated a high level of empathy among professionals. Professionals with greater empathy more frequently conducted systematic screening for risky alcohol consumption.

Analisis Potensi Penggunaan Moda Transportasi Tidak Bermotor Pada Mahasiswa di Kampus Terpadu Universitas Islam Indonesia

The large number of students is directly proportional to the increase in private vehicles on campus, resulting in traffic congestion. Efforts should be made to encourage motorized vehicle users to switch to sustainable modes of transportation. This study aims to determine student dependence on motorized vehicles to go to campus and identify factors associated with using sustainable modes of transportation at the Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII). The data sample consisted of 614 respondents, collected through online simple random sampling. The collected data were then analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The survey data reveals a significant reliance on motorized vehicles to get to campus, with 67% of trips within a 2-kilometer radius made by motor vehicles. Based on the Chi-Square test results, factors such as motor vehicle ownership, driving license ownership, travel distance, and the primary mode of transportation are strongly associatedwith the willingness to walk or cycle. This condition indicates that practicality or habitual aspects have a stronger relationship with students' willingness to use sustainable transportation than demographic or socioeconomic factors. Thus, efforts are needed to increase the practicality of using sustainable transportation to optimize sustainable campus development.

Legalitas Penjual Bahan Bakar Minyak Eceran

Due to the impact of the increase in fuel prices, many motor vehicle users buy more often from retailers because it is faster and there is no need to queue even though the prices tend to be more expensive. In Article 43 to Article 53 of Government Regulation Number 36 of 2004 concerning Downstream and Natural Gas Business Activities, it is clear that this Regulation only regulates business entities, this means that those who can carry out trading activities in fuel oil are business entities, but we have encountered many In reality, many retail fuel oil sellers are carried out by individuals who are not licensed business entities. The method used in this research is Normative Juridical and in this research it prioritizes primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. And the problem approach used is a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, then the collection of legal materials used in this research uses literature study and analysis of legal materials uses qualitative analysis.The results of this research show that the validity of the sale and purchase agreement for fuel oil between the gas station and the retailer is invalid if the retailer is not a business entity and has a permit from the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Service because one of the valid conditions for the sale and purchase agreement is an analogous skill requirement. as the authorized party to carry out the sale and purchase of retail fuel oil, this results in an invalid sale and purchase in the eyes of the law because it does not fulfill all the legal requirements for a sale and purchase agreement in Article 1320 of the Civil Code. And the legal consequences resulting from buying and selling retail fuel oil for business actors who do not meet the requirements are administrative sanctions such as revocation of business permits and also criminal sanctions as regulated in Article 55 of Law Number 22 of 2001 concerning Oil and Natural Gas.

ELECTRIC VEHICLE SECURITY SYSTEM WITH FACE DETECTION BASED ON THE INTERNET OF THINGS

The development of motor vehicle users in Indonesia continues to increase. This also triggers the occurrence of cases of motor vehicle theft. One of the causes of theft is a security system that is lacking. To overcome this problem, this research created an Internet of Things-based motor vehicle safety device. The purpose of this research is to maintain the safety of motorized vehicles from a distance. The method used is an experiment by adjusting several camera distances and PIR sensors on motorized vehicles. The resulting data will be stored and processed using Minitab software with the One Way Annova technique. The results showed that the fastest response time from the camera distance was 45cm with a time of 1.483 seconds and the longest response time from the camera distance was 20cm with a time of 4.976 seconds, the fastest response time from a PIR sensor distance was 40 cm with a time of 7.971 seconds and the longest response time from a distance PIR sensor is 20 cm with a time of 8.013 seconds.

Aspek Hukum Surat Tanda Nomor Kendaraan Yang Pajaknya Telah Habis Masa Berlaku Saat Dilakukan Pemeriksaan Oleh Polisi Lalu Lintas

Introduction: The ticket is a fine imposed by the police on road users who violate the regulation. Vehicle registration certificate or STNK for short, is proof of registration and ratification of a motorized vehicle based on its registered identity and ownership. Motor Vehicle Tax is a tax levied on ownership and/or ownership of motorized vehicles. &#x0D; Purposes of the Research: The traffic police have the authority to provide evidence of violations (tickets) in the form of confiscating vehicle registration certificates during motor vehicle inspections. What legal policy is followed by motor vehicle users whose Vehicle Registration Certificate has expired. &#x0D; Methods of the Research: This study clearly includes normative legal with secondary data. The main problem in this study obviously is achieved by using a juridical-normative approach. &#x0D; Results Originality of the Research: The results of this study were the police have the authority in terms of traffic violations such as vehicle registration tickets whose taxes have expired. All regulations regarding vehicle registration tickets by the police are regulated in the Traffic and Road Transport Law, Law no. 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police and Government Regulation No. 80 of 2012 concerning Procedures for Inspection of Motorized Vehicles on the Road and Enforcement of Traffic and Road Transportation Violations. Legal policies that can be carried out include preventive measures that carry out traffic regulation, conduct traffic control, socialize to the public to comply with traffic regulations, increase the number of police facilities and increase patrol escort activities, especially in vulnerable and vulnerable areas. Meanwhile, for repressive efforts, namely by issuing ticket and reprimand.

Segmentasi Jalan Berlubang Citra Jalan Raya Menggunakan Metode Thresholding Dan K-Means

Abstract - One of the important meanings for human life is the road. The road is used as a means of transportation which has very useful planning in the development of human life. In 2018, based on statistical data, the number of motor vehicle users in Indonesia is increasing every year, reaching 146,858,759 units. Seeing the number of the enhancement of motor vehicle users, the impact occured. Many roads are damaged and the conditions are very unsettling and concerned for the road users. One of the most common damages is that there are many holes in the road, which can increase the accidents’ risk. Based on science and technology development, one of the causes for the lengthy time to repair road damage is due to calculating the area of each damage manually and it takes a relatively long time. For this reason, this study aims to perform image processing in the form of segmentation on the image of a potholed road on the highway using the Thresholding algorithm and K-Means, followed by the calculation of the area and perimeter of the hole. The results of this study were obtained with 106 images of potholed roads, then segmented and calculated the area and circumference can be read properly using a program that has been designed. Keywords: Segmentation, Thresholding, K-Means

Dijkstra-based Official Motorcycle Repair Shop Application for Determining the Shortest Route

Servicing on 2-wheeled vehicles is needed so that the condition remains prime and minimizes the symptoms of component damage. Motorcycle service activities have an impact on the automotive world, especially in the City of Kudus. There are also many motorized vehicle users who do not know the closest route to the nearest Authorized Motorcycle Workshop in the holy city and choose Engine Fuel (BBM) that is in accordance with the type of vehicle they have. shorter service life because the RON (Research Octane Number) or octane number for each motorized vehicle is different, the octane number represents the resistance of the fuel to engine compression. With the development of information science in the current era, an Android-based application was created to search for the closest route to an official motorcycle repair shop in the Kudus City using the Djikstra Algorithm and having a BBM recommendation feature that is suitable for motorbike users' vehicles in the Kudus City.

Cyclists perception and self-reported behaviour towards interacting with fully automated vehicles

Fully automated vehicles (FAVs) have the potential to improve road safety and reduce traffic congestion and emissions. Most studies of acceptance of FAVs have focused on motor vehicle users, largely ignoring other road users, such as cyclists. This study investigates the factors that influence cyclists’ receptivity towards sharing roads with FAVs and their behavioural intentions in interactions with FAVs. The online survey collected information on participant demographics (e.g. age, gender, crash experience), self-reported on-road cycling behaviours (e.g. violations, errors, positive behaviours) and their receptivity towards sharing roads with FAVs (e.g. attitude, social norms, trust). Three typical cyclist-vehicle interaction scenarios were presented to test the cyclists’ intention to engage in self-protective behaviours (e.g. giving a hand signal, giving way or moving over) during the interaction with a FAV. Three hundred and fourteen Australian adults (106 females vs 208 males) who had ridden a bicycle at least once in the past year completed the survey. The results show that older cyclists and male cyclists had a lower receptivity towards sharing roads with FAVs than younger cyclists and female cyclists, respectively. Cyclists who reported being involved in a bicycle crash in the last two years and those who reported committing more errors on roads were more willing to share roads with FAVs. Cyclists who had a higher propensity to risky behaviours and positive behaviours were less likely to take intended self-protective behaviours during interaction with FAVs. Findings of the study provide some insights from the cyclist’s perspective to facilitate the development and implementation of automated vehicles.

Analisis Kualitas Software Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement di Ditlantas Polda Jawa Timur Menggunakan Teori McCall

As technology develops, humans are required to be smarter in their activities, doing works, and dealing with various existing problems. Technology is also increasingly being used as a tool to support success in various fields, including government. The government applies technology in regional governance to create a smart city. The government has developed several things that used to be conventional to become electronic-based, one of which is the ticketing system. Limitations on convention tickets as well as the large number of motorized vehicle users and traffic violations in Surabaya finally made the Surabaya Police work together with the Surabaya Transportation Agency (Dishub) to trigger the Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement system or Electronic Ticketing, commonly known as E-TLE. One of the success factors of the system is the quality of the system itself. This study aims to analyze the E-TLE software implemented in Surabaya to determine the quality of the software. The approach used to carry out the analysis is the theory of software quality according to McCall. The research method used in this research is qualitative research by collecting data using interviews, observation, and classification. The source of this research is the operator as well as designing the E-TLE software. The results show that the quality of the E-TLE software has good scores in the aspects of correctness, reliability, efficiency (data search and memory usage), integrity, usability, maintainability, flexibility, portability, reusability, and interoperability. However, there are slight deficiencies in the usability aspect (there is no integration between agencies) and lack of testability. To improve the quality of E-TLE, it is necessary to optimize page loading, add features for integration between agencies, and test to determine software grade.

Carimontir marketing PLAN s(motor vehicle service application)

The high number of motorized vehicle population in Indonesia makes the potential need for motor vehicle services high. The high number of motorized vehicle users reflects the very dense activity of the community, increasing the need for facilities that can simplify and cut time for servicing motorized vehicles that are supported by existing information systems. The potential need for motorcycle service and the development of information systems is the background for Carimontir to create technology based on motor vehicle service applications. With this application, it can make it easier for motorized vehicle owners to carry out vehicle services more quickly and practically anytime and anywhere, while for partners, it will be easier to reach potential consumers. In Carimontir'themarketing plan ofCarimechanirbegins with determining the segmenting and targeting of potential partners and customers by determining the company's positioning. Carimechanir's marketing mix uses the 4P method, namely Product, Price, Promotion, and Place. The company also prepares sales marketing and sales marketing budgets, then determines revenue stream scenarios and assumptions including preparing revenue stream projections.

Analisa Faktor Perilaku Berkendara Pada Siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Jember

Traffic accidents can occur due to the non-compliance of motorized vehicle users in traffic. Traffic accidents can have harmful effects both for the motorbike users themselves and for other people. The impacts are not only limited to material things but can also be physical damage and can resulting in fatal permanent disability. There have been many incidents in traffic accidents, of which not the least of which have resulted in lives being lost. In this day and age due to the rapid development of technology, especially in transportation vehicles, it has caused various kinds of problems. it rarely comes from school children, many school children now use motorized vehicles to school. The aims of this research are: 1) To find out what factors cause students to bring motorbikes to school, 2) To understand students' knowledge about rules in traffic, 3) Knowing the attitude of students in riding motorbikes on the highway

Sweet Fuel: A Political and Environmental History of Brazilian Ethanol

Sweet Fuel: A Political and Environmental History of Brazilian Ethanol