Motor Skills Of Early Childhood Research Articles

The Effectiveness of the Traditional Congklak Game in Developing Fine Motor Skills in Early Childhood at the Kasih Bunda Kindergarten, South Aceh

Purpose of the study: The primary objective of this research is to investigate the influence of the traditional game, Congklak, on the development of fine motor skills in early childhood at Kasih Bunda Kindergarten.
 Methodology: This study employed an experimental research design with a pre-experimental approach. The participants consisted of students from the B2 group at Kasih Bunda Kindergarten, South Aceh, totaling 27 students in the experimental class. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive quantitative methods, comparing the averages of pre-test and post-test data collected through observations. Hypothesis testing was performed using the t-test based on the results of the activity scale.
 Main Findings: The main finding of this research is the comparison of average values before and after the treatment. With tcount > ttable, specifically 27.30 > 2.056, the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected, indicating a significant difference between the scores obtained from the initial and final tests at a 95% confidence level. Consequently, it can be concluded that the Congklak game significantly contributes to the development of fine motor skills in young children at Kasih Bunda Kindergarten.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research lies in the discovery of the potential of traditional games, such as Congklak, not merely as recreational activities but as effective tools for enhancing young children's fine motor skills, particularly in understanding number concepts and counting activities, thereby making classroom learning more engaging and enjoyable.

Fine Motor Skills, a Surrogate of Motor Planning Ability, at Age 2 Predict Social Skills at Age 6.

Motor planning is the cognitive process of planning necessary steps for achieving a purposeful movement and is specifically reflected through object manipulation. This study aimed to investigate whether fine motor skills, a surrogate of the motor planning ability of object manipulation, in early childhood are associated with later social skills, in a general-population birth cohort. A total of 913 children, participating in the Hamamatsu Birth Cohort for Mothers and Children, were enrolled. Social skills were measured using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-II, Socialization domain, at age 6 years. Fine motor skills were measured using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning at 14, 24, and 32 months. The associations between fine motor skills at ages 14, 24, and 32 months and social skills at age 6 years were tested separately through multivariable linear regression after adjusting for covariates, including gross motor and language skills at the contemporaneous age, autistic symptoms at age 6 years, and demographic factors. Fine motor skills at 24 and 32 months were significantly associated with social skills at age 6 years (at 24 months: nonstandardized regression coefficient = 1.38 [95% CI, 0.50-2.26], p = 0.002; at 32 months: 1.47 [0.56-2.38], p = 0.001). Fine motor skills in early childhood predicted social skills at age 6 years, indicating an association between the complex motor planning ability of object manipulation and later social skills. Children who demonstrate fine motor delay at as early an age as 2 years should be closely monitored by child professionals.

Effects of Task Interference on Kinematics and Dual-Task Cost of Running in Early Childhood.

Children aged 3-8 are in a critical period for motor development and postural control. Running is a basic motor skill that children need to master in early childhood. While running, children are prone to dangerous events such as falls. This study investigates the kinematic characteristics of running by children associated with different interference tasks, i.e., normalized running, cognitive dual-tasks, and obstacle crossing tasks, and provides a theoretical foundation for the interference mechanism of children's dynamic postural control and for screening of motor disorders. Two hundred children aged 3-8 were recruited. The BTS Bioengineering infrared motion capture system was used to collect spatiotemporal and kinematic running data under three tasks. Repeated measures of variance analysis were used to compare the effects of different interference tasks and ages on children's running signs. The main and interaction effect tests were compared by the Bonferroni method. The results and conclusions are as follows: (1) Running characteristics of early childhood are influenced by interference tasks and age. With interference tasks, the overall characteristics of running by children aged 3-8 showed an increasing trend in running cycle time and a decreasing trend in stride length, step length, cadence, and speed. (2) Both cognitive and obstacle crossing tasks had costs, and cognitive task costs were greater than obstacle crossing costs. Children adopted a "task first" running strategy with different interference tasks. When facing cognitive tasks, their overall joint motion decreased, and they reduced joint motions to promote task completion. When facing obstacle crossing tasks, because of the characteristics of the task itself, children increased joint motions to cope with interference. (3) In terms of age, the running characteristics showed a nonlinear development trend in various indicators, with a degree of recurrence and high variability in adjacent age groups. (4) The dual-task interference paradigm of "postural-cognition" can be used as a motor intervention tool to promote the development of basic motor skills in early childhood.

Analysis of The Use of Super Book Media on the Development of Language and Fine Motor Skills in Early Childhood

This research aims to evaluate the impact of using Super Book video media in early childhood learning. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research. Focus on language and fine motor development of children aged 4-5 years through super book Videos. Before intervention, the majority of children did not show significant progress. However, the results of Cycle 1 showed positive changes, with a decrease in children who were not yet developing to 40%, an increase in children who were beginning to develop to 35%, and children who were developing very well increased to 20%. Cycle 2 noted increased focus, active participation, and storytelling ability. These results confirm the effectiveness of the Video Super book in improving children's language and fine motor development. Media preparation, the role of parents, and support from early childhood education managers are important factors. This recommendation is expected to strengthen the contribution of SuperBook media to early childhood development.

Improving The Skills Of Mothers In Rural Areas In Accelerating The Development Of Motor Skills In Early Childhood

For five days the author/servant carried out adpatas, took care of administration in the village, and made introductions to local residents until the author decided to provide education on how to accelerate children's motoric growth in rural areas for every mother and prospective mother in Batu Kembang village. The result in this article show 1. The writer/servant discovered this problem because he read literature related to health and then related it to fellow servants and the surrounding community and it turns out the problem is suitable because there are still many mothers and prospective mothers in Batu Kambing village who don't know how to accelerate motor development in early childhood. . 2). This service is carried out for one month with a general description of activities, namely adaptation, completing administrative matters, and discussions with the local community in the first week. Conduct theoretical education in the second week. Practice gross motor and fine motor skills in the third and fourth weeks. 3). Education theoretically includes 4 materials, namely understanding motor skills, the function of motor development in early childhood, how to accelerate motor development in early childhood, and how to overcome hampered motor development at an early age. 4). Gross motor practices include running around, gobak sodor, throwing a ball, and children being involved in household work. Fine motor practice includes playing with crayons, cutting, and putting together puzzles.

Innovative Bamboo Bowling Game to Improve Motor Skills in Early Childhood

The need for educational game tools to stimulate children's gross motor skills is one of the limitations of teachers. This research aims to create an innovative bamboo bowling game to improve children's gross motor skills. The research method uses the ADDIE approach development method. Observation, interviews, and literature collected data. The research subjects consisted of 3 experts in relevant fields. The tool used to analyze research results is a questionnaire. This research was analyzed descriptively and quantitatively using Lawshe's content validation formula, the Content Validity Ratio (CVR). From the results of the expert assessment, the CVR value obtained was 0.99, and the CVI value was 0.99. All media experts gave a CVR value of 0.99. Therefore, Innovative Bamboo Bowling is considered valid. Based on these findings, Innovative Bamboo Bowling is suitable for early childhood learning activities in developing gross motor skills and can have goals that focus on improving children's physical and cognitive skills in a fun and beneficial environment. The implications of this research can be the basis for developing intervention programs or gross motor stimulation activities that are more effective and targeted.

The Relationship Between Color Mixing Learning Activities and Fine Motor Skills In Early Childhood

In the activity of mixing colours and fine motor skills, some children have high enthusiasm and are skilled in using stationery. However, some children still have problems with their fine motor skills. Such as the application of colours to objects that are not yet certain, children are still stiff when using their fingers, and children are still unable to coordinate between the eyes and hands with one activity they do because children are easily distracted by other activities. The purpose of this research is to find out: The reality of learning activities to mix colours in Group B2 RA Al-Muhajir Panyileukan Bandung City, the reality of fine motor skills of early childhood in Group B2 RA Al-Muhajir Panyileukan Bandung City, and the reality of the relationship between learning activities to mix colors with fine motor skills in children in Group B2 RA Al-Muhajir Panyileukan Bandung City. This research method uses a correlation method with a quantitative approach. The samples obtained in this study were 12 children from group B2 RA Al-Muhajir Bandung City. For data collection techniques used by researchers are observation, documentation, and performance techniques. The results of data analysis on the variable learning activity of mixing colours in this study show that the learning activity of mixing colours is in a very good category with a value of 85.70 and fine motor skills of early childhood are in a very good category with a value of 88.05 this figure is in the interval table 80-100. There is a significant relationship between learning activities mixing colours with fine motor skills of early childhood in group B2 RA Al-Muhajir Bandung City, with a very strong / very high level of relationship at the price of the correlation coefficient of 0.85 which is included in the interval 0.80-1.000
 Keywords: Color Mixing, Fine Motor Skills, Early Childhood

Enhancing Fine Motor Skills in Early Childhood Through Fun Cooking Activities: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Purwakarta, Indonesia

This quasi-experimental study investigates the impact of engaging in cooking activities on fine motor skill development in kindergarten children aged 4-5 in Purwakarta, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Adopting a Nonequivalent Control Group Design, the research compared two groups: an experimental group participating in fun cooking activities and a control group following traditional teaching methods. Pretest and posttest assessments were conducted using a rating scale-based observation tool to measure fine motor skills. The intervention comprised three sessions of cooking activities, focusing on enhancing fine motor abilities. Data analysis utilized the N-Gain score method to quantify skill improvements. Results revealed a medium N-Gain score in the experimental group, indicating a significant enhancement in fine motor skills due to the cooking activities. In contrast, the control group showed no significant change. These findings suggest that fun cooking activities effectively develop fine motor skills in early childhood, offering a practical and engaging alternative to conventional teaching methods. This study's implications extend to curriculum design in early childhood education, advocating for integrating diverse and interactive activities. However, its limited geographical scope and the short duration of the intervention point to the need for further research. Future studies should explore long-term effects and broader applicability, potentially impacting policies and practices in early childhood education. This research adds to the growing body of literature that supports innovative and engaging learning approaches in the foundational years of schooling.

The Role of Teachers in Improving Fine Motor Skills of Early Childhood through Finger Painting Activities

This study explores teachers' professional role in improving children's fine motor skills through finger painting activities at RA Islam Irmassss. A descriptive qualitative approach was used to deeply understand this phenomenon. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation of teachers and children involved in finger painting activities. The results showed that teachers have an important role in developing children's fine motor skills through finger painting, acting as facilitators, models, and mentors. Children show active participation and positive response to this activity. Teachers use a variety of creative teaching strategies to facilitate meaningful learning experiences for children. The implications of this study for educational practice include the improvement of teachers' teaching strategies in finger painting activities and their relevance to the early childhood education curriculum. The results of this study highlight the important role of teachers in supporting children's fine motor development and contribute to the development of more effective educational practices in early childhood education settings.
 Keywords: Fine Motor, Finger Painting, Early Childhood

Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini Melalui Kegiatan Menggunting Pola

This study aims to improve fine motor skills of early childhood through pattern cutting activities in group B children at Tunas Harapan Kindergarten. The research method used was classroom action research conducted in 2 cycles. The research subjects were 14 children in group B TK Tunas Harapan. The object of his research is pattern cutting activities and fine motor skills of early childhood. The data analysis used is percentage. The data taken is in the form of end-of-cycle test results and direct work results. The results showed that the fine motor skills of early childhood through cutting patterns developed very well in each indicator. The results can be seen in the action cycle II. Where the indicator for children being able to hold scissors correctly gets a score of 85,71%, the indicator for children being able to cut according to a pattern gets a score of 92.86%, the neat cutting indicator gets a score of 78.57%. as well as the indicator of children being able to cut out imitating the shape of a picture gets a value of 92.86%.
 Keywords: Fine Motor Skills, Cutting Patterns, Classroom action research

Stimulation of motor skills through game models in early childhood and elementary school students: systematic review in Indonesia

Background and purpose of the study. The relevance of motor skills for every student since they have benefits and affect the overall development of kids. Several studies have offered data on learning and developing motor abilities in youngsters. The game model's information is extensively created and utilized as a reference to enhance gross motor abilities. As a result, the purpose of this study is to conduct a review of the scientific literature in Indonesia on the stimulation of motor skills in early childhood and primary school students through learning using game models. The Harzing Publish or Perish tool was utilized for the search in this study. A database (Scopus) was utilized to find publications on motor skill development through play-based learning. The search was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Only five items remained after the exclusion criteria were applied. The findings indicate that the research methods employed in cooperative learning research in Indonesia are various, including quantitative, mixed research (quantitative and qualitative), and development. On average, measuring equipment was utilized to collect data for the study. According to the findings of this review, in the first group, traditional play-based children's learning is capable of optimizing kindergarten children's basic motor development, with a track record of implementing the concept/theoretical basis, activity stages, social systems, reaction principles, support systems, and impact models, and increasing students' basic skills for high motor skills. In the second category, learning structured in the form of games may stimulate children's fine motor and cognitive abilities, as well as strengthen fundamental motor skills and build gross motor skills for use in the learning process. Some shortcomings in the review have been identified, and it is important to continue this study internationally with a literature review or mapping study (bibliometric and scientometric), as well as to conduct research on the use of the game model and its impact. Keywords: Motor skills, play model, early childhood, elementary school

The effect of playing playdough and collage on improving fine motor skills in early childhood in terms of independence

Early childhood needs to get stimulation of fine motor skills, but most play models train gross motor skills. This study aims to find out: (1) the difference in the effect of playdough and collage play models on improving fine motor skills in early childhood. (2) the difference in the effect between high and low independence on improving fine motor skills in early childhood. (3) The interaction between playdough and collage playing models is viewed from the aspect of independence to improve early childhood fine motor skills. This type of research is an experiment using a 2 x 2 factorial design. The population in this study was 38 Yogyakarta National Kindergarten children. The sample in this study amounted to 20 children taken using purposive sampling criteria (1) specific children aged 5-6 years, (2) children who are actively attending school, (3) children who are not sick, (4) willing to follow the learning process (5) Able to follow all learning model programs that have been prepared, then ordinal pairing is carried out to divide each group. The instruments used to measure fine motor use are (1) pattern thickening test, (2) coloring test, (3) Patterning test (4) scissors test, (5) bead crocheting test with string thread. The data analysis technique used is ANOVA two-way. Among early childhood, playdough play models outperform collage play models with a high level of independence. Conversely, collage play models are better than playdough play models in improving fine motor skills in early childhood with low levels of independence. Children who have high independence are higher (good) than children who have low independence, with an average posttest difference of 2.1. There is an interaction between the playdough playing model and collage playing in terms of independence (high and low) to improve fine motor skills in early childhood, with an F value of 93.633 and a significance value of p 0.000 (< 0.05). With the results of this study can consider in determining the type of play model for early childhood. However, future research may be suggested to reconfirm these findings. Key Words: playdough, collage, independence, fine motor

Senam Kreasi AHARIA untuk Menstimulasi Keterampilan Gerak Dasar Anak Usia Dini

: The aim of this research is to develop creative gymnastics to stimulate basic motor skills in early childhood, especially in the age range of 5-6 years. This research employs the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The study uses a questionnaire as an instrument for expert reviews and an evaluation instrument for users, specifically 5-6-year-old children. The results of product validity testing by two content experts yielded a final score of 95%. The product's validity testing by gymnastics experts resulted in a final score of 82%. The effectiveness test on 5-6-year-old children produced a score of 87%. The research results indicate that creative gymnastics meet the criteria. Creative gymnastics as a physical activity can practically be used as a gross motor learning activity for teachers due to its variability.

Penggunaan Media Menempel Gambar untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Motorik Halus pada Anak Usia Dini di Tapas Cinta Rosul Sidoarjo

One of the media that is easy to work with and can improve children's fine motor skills by pasting pictures. By sticking the child becomes easier improve motor skills, as children can try to cut or tear own paper, and glue the paper to the image. This research aims to identify the use of image paste media in early childhood and know it fine motor skills through pasting pictures on PAUD in TAPAS Cinta Rosul Sidoarjo. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. Research subject There are 24 children in one class. The object of this research is fine motor skills with using image paste media. The data collection technique was carried out by observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis and interpretation techniques are carried out induction and deduction as well as qualitative descriptive. Based on the results of research and discussion, researchers can draw conclusions about using picture paste media to improve motor skills This is smooth for PAUD at TAPAS Cinta Rosul Sidoarjo which uses stick media photos at TAPAS Cinta Rosul Sidoarjo went smoothly. In every activity paste the pictures that the teacher has done step by step as much as possible, with prepare a pattern that the child is interested in, then prepare materials and tools that are suitable for used in early childhood, up to examples of how to paste pictures with good and right, so that it gets a full response and high enthusiasm by the children. With media applications, you can paste pictures on TAPAS Cinta Rosul Sidoarjo improve fine motor skills in early childhood.

The Effect of Collage Activities on Fine Motor Skills of Children Aged 5-6 Years at PAUD Harapan Ummat Academic Year 2022/2023

This study aims to examine and obtain empirical data about the effect of collage activities on the fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years. Research conducted at the PAUD Harapan Ummat. The method used in this study is quantitative research (experimental), the type of research is Pre-Experimental Designs, with the form of One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population in this study were children aged 5-6 years at PAUD Harapan Umat Tahun. The research sample was taken using a random sampling technique for children aged 5-6 years at PAUD Harapan Umat with details of 14 boys and 6 girls. A total of 20 children. Based on the results of the hypothesis test through the calculations, the calculated T value is smaller, namely 11 compared to the T table value = 52 (where α = 0.025 and n = 20). In order to obtain Tcount <Ttable or 11 <52, so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. So, it can be concluded from the hypothesis that: "there is a significant effect of using collage activities on fine motor skills of early childhood at PAUD Harapan Umat 2022/2023". The results of the study showed that by using collage activities in terms of stimulating fine motor skills in early childhood the results looked better than before using collage activities.

Developing Fine Motor Skills in Early Childhood through Plasticine Media

Along with the development of science and technology, there are various kinds of learning media that can be used to develop students' fine motor skills, one of which is plasticine media. The use of this media must be supported by an action in a classroom study. This research is a Classroom Action Research with descriptive qualitative research type. The formulation of the problem discusses whether the use of plasticine media can develop fine motor skills of Early Childhood at Mutiara Insani Kindergarten Bandar Lampung. The data collection techniques that researchers use are the observation method as the main method, the documentation method as a support in research and the interview method to find out the extent of the teacher's response to the application of the storytelling method in improving children's morale. The results of this study showed an increase in children's language skills in cycle I by 60% and in cycle II by 85%. Based on these results, the author can conclude that the use of plasticine media can develop children's fine motor skills at Mutiara Insani Kindergarten Bandar Lampung. The results can be seen from the development of students where in the pre-research cycle it is known that students who reach the assessment standards develop very well there are only 8 children out of all 20 students. Then in cycle I, children who have very good fine motor skills increase to 12 children and in cycle II increase again to 17 students or 85% of students have reached the predetermined assessment standards.

Outbound Kids Games in Early Childhood Learning: A Study of Gross Motor Skills

This research is motivated by the issue indicating the low development of gross motor skills in early childhood at the Siti Khodijah Majalengka Playgroup. This is manifested by several children who have not been able to efficiently coordinate body movements to train flexibility, balance, and agility. Additionally, the children have not been able to coordinate eye-hand-foot-head movements when imitating dances and gymnastics, and they are still unskilled in using their right and left hands. The research method employed in this study is pre-experimental. The research population consists of 30 students, with a sample size of 15 students. The results of the research demonstrate that there is an improvement in the gross motor skill development of students after implementing the outbound kids' game. This is further reinforced by the analysis using descriptive statistics, which indicates a positive change in the gross motor skill development of the students. Furthermore, the analysis using inferential statistics also reveals a significant difference between the average pretest and posttest scores of the students. Thus, it can be concluded that the outbound kids' game has a positive impact on enhancing the gross motor skill development of children at the Siti Khodijah Majalengka Playgroup.

Development of an Educational Game Tool, "Magic Spinman," to improve the Fine Motor Skills of Early Childhood Education Students

One of the things that affects learning is the teacher's strategy. Therefore, there is a need for the proper method to use educational game tools that support learning activities. From the six aspects that will be stimulated, there is an imbalance in that, not many teachers provide sufficient proportion to all elements, one of them physical motor aspects (fine motor and gross motor). This research focuses on the development of educational games aimed at increasing fine motor development in early childhood through educational games, which is provided in introducing knowledge of various objects around. The method used is research and development (Research amp; Development) with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The subjects in this study were children aged 4-5 years in group A at TK Annur Semarang. The results of this study were 23 children who had practiced the educational game "Magic Spinman" properly and smoothly; from the pre-test and post-test activities, it was found that there was an increase from 17.5 to 22.4, so the average score achieved several 4.9. In addition, product trials were not only able to stimulate fine motor aspects but found several aspects of development, including aspects of religious, moral, cognitive, language, social-emotional, and artistic values in early childhood. So that the existence of "Magic Spinman" media can be useful in optimizing children's potential, being able to improve fine motor skills in early childhood, and being able to become a child's attraction and interest in learning through attractive designs./p

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Melalui Permainan Tradisional Paman Doli di RA Al-Ikhlas

This research is a classroom action research given to early childhood group B at RA Al Ikhlas Marindal, Patumbak District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. This study aims to improve gross motor skills of children aged 5 to 6 years at RA Al Ikhlas Marindal through the traditional Uncle Doli’s traditional game. The subjects in this study were 12 children consisting of 7 girls and 5 boys in group B at RA Al Ikhlas Marindal. This classroom action research was conducted in 2 research cycles. The results of the research conducted obtained the results of the pre-cycle average value of 61.6, whereas in cycle 1 it was 65.8 and in cycle 2 it was 95.8. The results of this study indicate that the Uncle Doli's traditional games significantly improves gross motor skills of early childhood at RA Al Ikhlas Marindal.

Peningkatan Motorik Kasar Pada Anak Usia Dini Berbasis Belajar Sambil Bermaian Melalui Permainan Tradisional Engklek di PAUD Kober Al-Maarif

Introduction: Early age is a golden opportunity for children to learn, so it is called the golden age. Early childhood education is a form of education that focuses on laying the foundation for physical growth and development (fine and gross motor coordination). the learning techniques used must make children happy, so the method used is learning-based education while playing and the Engklek game is one of the traditional games that can be used.
 Purpose: The purpose of this activity is to implement play-based learning through the medium of traditional crank games to improve gross motor development in early childhood at PAUD Kober Al-Maarif.
 Method: The method used in health promotion is education based on learning while playing. This health promotion was carried out at PAUD Kober Al-Maarif Lakbok with a total of 35 participants with a series of activities through 4 stages, namely 1) selection of targets and places, 2) preparation of facilities and infrastructure, 3) implementation of activities, 4) evaluation.
 Results: based on the results of the evaluation carried out by the learning while playing method, it gave a positive response to the participants. the participants enjoyed the series of events from start to finish with joy. Through this activity, children are more able to explore their imagination and bring out their creativity and talents.
 Conclusion: This activity can be carried out as a game to train gross motor skills in early childhood by using the traditional crank game as media. In addition, not only gross motor skills but also exploring other learning that can be included in playing activities by recognizing numbers and letters and counting.