Fan Motor Research Articles

Multi-walled carbon nanotube decorated CoS microspheres and their supercapacitive properties

In the present work, microspheres of CoS are synthesized by most adoptable hydrothermal method. The synthesized material is figured out by numerous characteristic techniques. Further, the prepared CoS material is used as electrode material for supercapacitor and high specific capacity of 112.62 mAh g−1 is obtained at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, the capacity of sole product is boosted by adding a small amount of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and improved specific capacity of 158 mAh g−1 is obtained from MWCNT/CoS at 1 A g−1. Owing to high specific capacity of composite, aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) is designed by MWCNT/CoS as a positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as a negative electrode. The high energy density of 31.6 W h kg−1 is obtained at the power density of 750 Wh kg−1 from MWCNT/CoS//AC. In addition, two parallel connected red color LEDs, kitchen timer and a motor fan are functionalized by two MWCNT/CoS//AC devices.

Construction of high performance aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor based on multi walled carbon nanotube/MgMn2O4 composite

MgMn2O4 nanoplates like structure are synthesized by fast and easiest co-precipitation method. The end product is figured out by numerous characteristic techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), field emission electron microscope (FESEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Further, the nanostructure material is subjected as electrode material for energy storage performance. The specific capacitance of 821 F g−1 is observed at 1 A g−1 from MgMn2O4 nanoplates. The specific capacitance of prepared MgMn2O4 nanomaterial is further boosted by small amount of multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and, high specific capacitance of 1208 F g−1 is observed at 1 A g−1 from MWCNT/MgMn2O4 composite. Furthermore, the aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) is constructed where MWCNT/MgMn2O4 is used as positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) is used as negative electrode. The ASC device reveals the high energy density of 54.39 W h kg−1 with power density of 775.46 W kg−1 at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, two parallel connected red color light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are lit by series connected two ASCs. In addition, a kitchen timer and toy motor fan are also powered by series connected two ASCs. The enhanced supercapacitive performance of composite material is ascribed to the surface roughness of nanoplates, where small voids on the surface of the nanoplates provide more accommodation for electrolytic ions, and connectivity of nanoplates through MWCNTs provide suitable electronic path for electrons/ions during charging/discharging process. This attractive performance reveals that MWCNT/MgMn2O4 may be considered as prospective electrode material for high energy storage performance of supercapacitors.

AUTOMATED TEMPERATUREAND HUMIDITY CONTROL AND MONITORING SYSTEM FOR IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE IN DRYING SYSTEM

Temperature and relative humidity are the key control parameters in drying processes for preserving and improving food quality. To achieve this goal, an automatic control system has been designed and built to provide adequate heat and drying streams according to the ambient requirements of various climatic zones and the kind of dried product. The control system combined with sensors allows the temperature and humidity of the drying chamber to be adjusted online by predetermined parameters. When there is little or no radiation present or when rapid drying rates are required, the heated air stream may be produced utilizing an electric motor fan in addition to an electrical backup heater. The fan automatically modifies its speed using the Pulse Width Modulationtechniquefor energy efficiency depending on the required temperature of the drying chamber. The control system based on Arduino Uno board is built within the solar dryer, after which tests are carried out. The test results are displayed on a display. Themanagement system was set up to maintain an ambient temperature between 40 and 60 °C andrelative humidity between 10 and 20 %. The system is a flexible solution for different climatic zones and dried products, according to experimental findings demonstratingits efficiency in managing the drying environment. Finally, this paper can conserve energy because it only works when the temperature around the food is below 60 oC.

Ultrasonic assisted highly porous PPy/JSAC/IMO [PJ-IMO] nanocomposite for hydrogen fuel cell and asymmetric supercapacitor (PJ-IMO||JSAC) applications

Environmental pollution due to irrepressible consumption of fossil fuel and thereby chaotic global temperature enforce the scientific community to search for alternative clean and green energy sources. Hydrogen is considered as a clean, green and alternative energy carrier that has the potential to overcome various environmental issues including the energy crisis. Hence, the present work focuses on the preparation of novel nanocomposite [PPy/JSAC/IMO (PJ-IMO)] comprise of conducting polymer namely polypyrrole (PPy), activated carbon from jack fruit seed (JSAC) and natural clay imogolite (IMO) nanotube where a facile ultrasonic method was adopted for the preparation of PJ-IMO nanocomposite. The structural, morphological and elemental composition of the prepared PJ-IMO nanocomposite reveals that the PPy and IMO were anchored at the surface of JSAC. A drastic increment in the specific surface area of PJ-IMO nanocomposite (1354 m2 g−1) was observed compared to PPy/JSAC (PJ) nanocomposite (892 m2 g−1) and pristine PPy (39 m2 g−1). The prepared PJ-IMO exhibits 7.4 wt% hydrogen storage capacity at 50 °C, desorption of stored hydrogen at 104 °C and very good cyclic stability even after 34 cycles. The calculated binding energy (0.33–0.50 eV) of stored hydrogen falls in the recommended range of US Department of Energy (DOE-2025) targets. The electrochemical hydrogenation studies show that a maximum hydrogen discharge capacity of 3820 mAh/g at 42nd cycle, columbic efficiency of 93.1 %, hydrogen retention rate of 73.8 % and corrosion resistance of 26.3 mA/cm2 respectively. The as-fabricated PJ-IMO||JSAC asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) has an energy density of 203 Wh kg−1 at 0.5 Ag−1 and power density of 2398 W kg−1 at 2 A g−1. The prepared ASC could able to power blue LEDs for 10 min and motor fan for 7 min. Hence, these excellent characteristics proved that the prepared PJ-IMO nanocomposite may serve as an excellent weakly chemisorbed hydrogen storage material and electrode for electrochemical energy storage applications in the near future.

Design of Intelligent Security Systems based on HarmonyOS

Intelligent security systems is significant to protect properties. An intelligent security system is designed based on Hi3861 chip. The system is developed using Harmony OS. Sensors are used to detect different information like temperature, light intensity, suspicious object and combustible gas. A light supplement led, motor fan, and buzzer are also used for early warning and effective adjustment. After debugging, the system can realize intelligent security.

Fabrication of Multi-Purpose Solar Umbrella

Abstract: Heat waves often occur during sunny days in tropical regions during in summer season, with temperatures sometimes reaching over 40 to 48 degrees Celsius. These heat waves can cause heatstroke for human beings who work outside, this umbrella prototype is designed to cut of sunshine and protect them. This umbrella prototype is designed, where the fan is provided for cooling effect for a person who work outside in Sun. The designed umbrella uses solar cell attached on the above surface of the umbrella to convert solar energy into electricity. This energy is used to run a fan, light and also to charge the battery. When intensity of the sun is low the battery acts an backup for the fan, lights and mobile charging port. The key component to used for the functions is an electronic control module which includes charging circuit & discharging circuit. The charging circuit increases output voltage from the solar cell to the desired voltage to charge the battery. The discharge circuit can control electricity from the battery to drive the DC motor fan, LED indicator & charging port.

Experimental of the Influence of Blade Pitch Angle Cooler Fan on the Performance of Closed Cooling Water System Gas Turbine

A closed cooling water system is one of the systems contained in gas turbines. The main function of this system is to cool the lubricating oil and winding generator. Decreased performance of closed cooling water system can cause the gas turbine protection system to be active and cause the gas turbine trip. The study began with data collection, both design data for the heat exchanger cooler fan and operating data from the closed cooling water system on the gas turbine. An experiment was carried out by varying the blade pitch angle cooler fan to measure the work parameters in the field and analyzing the results of these measurements against the performance of the heat exchanger cooler fan. Variations of blade pitch angle cooler fan were done by limiting the working parameters of the cooling fan motor. The result of this study was an increase in the blade pitch angle cooler fan results in an increase in the flow rate of the cooler fan, this also affected the heat transfer rate of the heat exchanger cooler fan which grew when the blade pitch angle cooler fan was raised. The increase of blade pitch angle cooler fan also resulted in a decrease in the temperature of closed cooling water on the heat exchanger cooler fan outlet.

Method development for determining the energy-efficient mode of air-cooling devices’ operation

When ensuring the normative limit of the heat of the gas transmitted to the main gas pipelines by means of air cooling devices of the gas transmission compressor station, the modes of parallel operation of the fan motors of the air cooling device system are considered. At the same time, a comparison was made of methods for adapting air cooling devices to factors affecting energy-efficient operating modes. As a result, based on a mathematical model of the combustion operating mode through a gas-air cooling device, the possibility of regulating the engine speed and increasing the energy efficiency of the system, taking into account seasonal and temperature changes, is shown. The main parameters for saving energy sources are introduced into the technological processes of gas compression and cooling.

Monitoring the composition of the air environment in livestock buildings using a programmable logic controller

A system for monitoring the composition of the air environment in livestock buildings has been developed. The system consists of a programmable logic controller, frequency converter, operator panel and gas sensors. A control program in LD language was developed for multi-stage control of the fan motor speed. The linear nature of the relationship between the fan speed and the air flow it creates has been experimentally confirmed.

Development and testing of vertical take-off and landing aerial vehicle with tandem electric ducted fan motor

Development and testing of vertical take-off and landing aerial vehicle with tandem electric ducted fan motor

Probing the supercapacitive properties of hydrothermal routed MWCNTs@Cd0.98MoO4:Eu3+0.02 nanoparticles

In the present study, cadmium molybdate (CdMoO4) nanoparticles are synthesized successfully by most adoptable hydrothermal method. To improve the supercapacitive properties of sole CdMoO4, optimized quantity of Eu3+ is doped in the material, and improved capacitance is obtained. The prepared material is figured out by various characteristic techniques such as XRD, FTIR, RAMAN, ICP, FESEM, TEM, BET, XPS and EDX analysis. The electrochemical analysis of the prepared material is obtained by CV, GCD and EIS techniques. High specific capacitance of 601 F g−1 was obtained from Cd0.98MoO4:Eu3+0.02 at 1 A g−1 which was higher from CdMoO4 (343 g−1 at 1 A g−1). Further, the specific capacitance of doped material was improved by adding the small amount of MWCNTs. The high specific capacitance of 1011 F g−1 was obtained at the current density of 1 A g−1 from the MWCNTs@Cd0.98MoO4:Eu3+0.02 composite. In addition, MWCNTs@Cd0.98MoO4:Eu3+0.02//AC device is fabricated, and high energy density of 25.2 W h kg−1 at power density of 362.5 W kg−1 was obtained using the current density of 0.5 A g−1. Furthermore, LEDs, toy motor fan and kitchen timer are also powered by series connected two MWCNTs@Cd0.98MoO4:Eu3+0.02//AC device.

Modeling Automatic Room Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System with Fan Control on the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) aims to expand the benefits of being connected to the Internet network continuously. It functions as a control system that has been widely applied in various fields because in certain case people are not allowed in certain rooms for security reasons. The research aimed to create a temperature and humidity monitoring system using as many fan controls as expected by utilizing IoT. The model used input in the form of temperature and humidity sensors. The output was a motor driver that drove a fan and used a microcontroller as the main processor. IoT-based systems consisted of hardware and software. Hardware included NodeMCU ESP8266 V3, DHT22 sensor, L298N motor driver module, fan, and computer. Meanwhile, the microcontroller software was made using Arduino IDE. From the test results, the system model works well. Fan control is set manually based on desired room temperature and humidity monitoring based on IoT. A mobile phone can also monitor temperature and humidity and control fans. The DHT22 sensor can read temperature and humidity every two seconds so that the resulting data is stable to display. Then, the L298N motor driver can adjust the fan speed with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) using analog data ranging from 1 to 1.024.

Proteksi Motor Berbasis Relay Ge Multilin pada Primary Air Fan di PT Indonesia Power

Abstract PT. Indonesia Power Suralaya PGU has an electricity capacity of 3400 MW. Motor Primary Air Fan as the main air supplier to the boiler. To keep the Primary Air Fan motor from being disturbed, it is protected and monitored with GE Multilin 269. The research method that the author uses is the online interview and observation method regarding the motor protection system with the head of the electrical division 5-7 PT. Indonesia Power with data analysis technique that is Miles & Huberman interactive model. GE Multilin 269 output relays (eg, TRIP, AUX) used to trip the motor must change state when control power is removed from the GE Multilin 269 relay. When the input data matches the database, an output is generated. The results of the study can be concluded that the output can be an analog signal as well as an action. The action here is in the form of relay outputs, namely: (1) breaker relay, (2) assistance relay, (3) delay relay and (4) service relay. When checking the motor setpoint page 1 to check and change all alarm trips on the primary air fan motor and setpoint page 3 to check the O/L curve set so that it displays the trip time from 1 second to 8 seconds.

SISTEM MANAJEMEN PROTEKSI MOTOR RELAY GE MULTILINE 269 PLUS PADA MOTOR FORCED DRAFT FAN DI PT. INDONESIA POWER PGU SURALAYA

Electrical energy continues to grow over time, power plants with large capacities are the main sources of electricity in Indonesia, one of which is the Steam Power Plant (PLTU). In the field of power plants that use coal always need air during the electricity production process. This study aims 1) to determine the protection management system on the Forced Draft fan motor using GE Multilin 269 Plus, 2) Setting GE Multilin 269 Plus as protection, 3) The results of the protection in the form of Normal Motor, Alarm, and Trip conditions in the accumulation of imbalance (Unbalance) ). The method used is a quantitative research method based on analysis, taking data and then analyzing the data obtained. The results of this quantitative study regarding the Unbalance value or imbalance of the electric motor analyzed resulted in a value of 5.8% for normal conditions, 10.86% for alarm conditions on multilin and 15.50% in trip conditions or the motor had stopped. These values ​​are obtained from the results of calculations comparing negative sequence currents and positive sequence currents (In/Ip). The conclusion obtained is that the GE Multilin 269 Plus protects the electric motor from system damage by using a current sensor and through a setting point that is adjusted to the provisions of NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) with an unbalance value of more than 15% for trips, more than 10% for alarm conditions and less than 10% under normal conditions

Perbaikan Perencanaan Penjadwalan Maintenance Pada Air Conditioner (AC) Menggunakan Metode Realibility Centered Maintenance (RCM) Di PT. Tifico Fiber Indonesia Tbk

In this era of global competition, companies are required to increase productivity in their companies so that they can compete with other companies. One of the indicators in increasing productivity is the level of reliability of the production machines in the company. In measuring how good the reliability of a production machine is, an effective and efficient maintenance process is needed for the company. In this case the Air Conditioner or hereinafter abbreviated as AC is one of the indoor air conditioning devices. One company that uses an Air Conditioner or AC to support the production process and the activities of its employees, especially those working in the production room, is PT Tifico Fiber Indonesia Tbk. The purpose of this study is to determine the critical components and the appropriate interval of Air Conditioner maintenance. Then a study was conducted to propose maintenance scheduling time intervals using the Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) method and to determine critical components using the Failure Mode Effect and Analysis (FMEA). From the research, it was found that the critical components of the splite type Air Conditioner component were the outdoor fan motor with an RPN value of 120, a compressor with an RPN value of 200, an outdoor capacitor with an RPN value of 140 and an indoor pcb with an RPN value of 168. Mean Time To Repair (MTTR), Mean Time To Failure (MTTF) Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) method obtained by outdoor fan motors for 13 days, compressors for 10 days, outdoor capacitors for 90 days and indoor pcb for 24 days.Keywords : Maintenance, Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM), Mean Time To Repair (MTTR), Mean Time To Failure (MTTF), Failure Mode Effect and Analysis (FMEA).

Определение затрат энергии на гидростатический привод мотор-вентиляторов охлаждающего устройства дизеля тепловоза ТЭП70БС по данным микропроцессорной системы управления

Purpose: Development, testing methodology for the definition of energy expenditure on hydrostatic drive of cooling device motor fans of diesel locomotive TEP70BS. Energy expenditures on drive of cooling devices motor-fans constitute significant part in the total volume of energy expenditures for auxiliary needs. When determining diesel cooling device power, picked for motor-fan drive, it is necessary to take into account the influence of motor-fan drive technical condition and diesel cooling system general technical condition. The given task can be solved by the way of statistical analysis of the information, being registered by TEP70BS locomotive on-board diagnostics subsystem when performing corresponding analytical calculations. At the same, it is necessary to account for the peculiarities of functioning of motor-fan hydrostatic drive under various loading modes. Methods: Statistical processing and analysis of measurement results. Analytical calculation of a hydrostatic system on the basis of processing of measurement results. Reduction of hydrostatic drive parameters to non-nominal modes. Results: Methodology of energy expenditure analytical calculation on the basis of statistical analysis of data on motor fan operating modes is proposed. Probable values of power, spent on motor-fan drive for various controller positions, are determined. It is shown that for controller nominal position, average power consumption for being considered sample of five locomotives will constitute 23.2 kW per two fan motors. Practical importance: The use of the presented methodology allows to raise significantly the determination accuracy for power, being picked for auxiliary needs and, as a result, to increase calculation accuracy for traction characteristics and fuel consumption characteristics of TEP70BS diesel locomotive.

The Importance of Noise Attenuation Levels in Neonatal Incubators

Background: It is known that high noise levels can be harmful to preterm infants, causing physiological and psychological disorders. It is also known that premature babies spend a lot of time in an incubator. In this sense, many studies show that incubator noise levels can range from 45 to 70 dB. However, these differences in noise levels depend, fundamentally, on the wide range of methodology that can be used. This study aims to know the levels of noise from a fan in the incubator itself and how much it can isolate the noises coming from the outside. Methods: For this purpose, the noise levels of three incubators were measured within a sound-dampened booth for free-field audiometry. For the emission of acoustic energy, a pink noise generator was used; likewise, two microphones were placed, one inside the incubator cabin and the other outside, to determine the acoustic insulation levels of the tested incubators. Results: The incubators produced equivalent continuous sound pressure levels between 53.5 and 58 dB. Acoustic insulation analysis showed that levels varied from one incubator to another, between 5.2 and 10.4 dB. Conclusions: It is necessary to improve the acoustic insulation inside the incubator cabin and to reduce the noise levels of the motor fan. On the other hand, although the incubators are meeting the noise criteria set out in the IEC60601-2-19: 2009 standard of 60 dBA, under normal use conditions, they are still far from the limit recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics (45 dBA).

Development of an Add-On Device Using 3D Printing for the Enhancement of Drug Administration Efficiency of Dry Powder Inhalers (Accuhaler).

The goal of this study was to develop an add-on device for dry powder inhalers (Accuhaler) via 3D printing to improve drug administration efficiency in patients with limited inspiratory capacity, including young children, the elderly, and those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. With salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate as model active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), the emitted API doses were used to assess the effectiveness of the add-on device. The APIs were quantified by an HPLC assay validated for specificity, range, linearity, accuracy, and precision. The motor power of the add-on device could be regulated to moderate fan speed and the air flow in the assembled device. When 50–100% of the fan motor power of the add-on device was used, the emitted dose from the attached dry powder inhaler (DPI) was increased. A computational fluid dynamics application was used to simulate the air and particle flow in the DPI with the add-on device in order to elucidate the operating mechanism. The use of the add-on device combined with a sufficient inhalation flow rate resulted in a larger pressure drop and airflow velocity at the blister pocket. As these characteristics are associated with powder fluidization, entrainment, and particle re-suspension, this innovative add-on device might be utilized to enhance the DPI emitted drug dose for patients with low inspiratory rates and to facilitate the provision of adequate drug doses to achieve the treatment outcomes.

Manufacturing Technology of Sliding Bearings from Ferro-Graphite Compositions

Introduction. The development of modern technology imposes increasingly stringent requirements on materials operating under conditions of high pressures, speeds, deformations and aggressive media. The use of powder metallurgy methods in the creation of new materials makes it possible to provide a rational combination of production technology, structural and performance characteristics. Powder steels used in mechanical engineering are of great interest among the materials obtained by powder metallurgy. The article explores the possibility of manufacturing porous bearings made of iron powder for fan motors of domestic air conditioners instead of porous bearings made of bronze graphite.Problem Statement. To ensure long-term operation of fan motors from metal powders, it is necessary to create porous bearings without alloying additives with the required mechanical properties. This requires a series of experimental work to determine the dependences of mechanical and technological properties on the sintering temperature, compacting pressure and the porosity of samples.Theoretical Part. As a theoretical description, the use of a mold with an additional draining gap, which provides high bearing density at low compacting pressure, is analyzed. The effect of compacting pressure on the strength of sliding bearings under mechanical deformations depending on the sintering temperature is also considered.Conclusions. It was established in the work that during the sintering of sliding bearings at a temperature of 800-1100°C, a significant charge carburization occurs due to the decomposition of zinc stearate in closed pores. As a result, a ferritepearlite structure is formed, due to which the bearings are well calibrated and have high wear resistance when paired with a steel shaft. Optimum sintering modes and compacting pressures were selected, which showed high reliability and durability of the products obtained from pure iron powder.

Design and Installation of High Capacity Centralized Coolant Pump for Optimization of Power Consumption using VFD Controller

This paper discuss the pumping system study involved detailed discussions with Maintenance Engineers. The flow, pressure and power measurements for the pumps were done with the advanced instruments available with GIN. A total of around 2 Pumps were studied during the audit period. We find that there is a good amount of saving potential available on replacement of the pumps with Energy Efficient pumps call it a variable speed drive, adjustable frequency drive, adjustable speed drive, AC drive, inverter drive or something else, a variable frequency drive (VFD) can reduce the energy usage of an electric motor up to 90%, extend motor life, deliver a payback in as little as 6 months and often qualify for energy-saving financial incentives. Since HVAC consumes the most energy in a building and motors account for the majority of HVAC energy usage, using VFDs on pump and fan motors can result in substantial energy cost reductions.