Motor Nerve Conduction Latency Research Articles

Short-term evaluation of motor and sensory nerve conduction parameters in COVID-19-associated peripheral neuropathy patients

BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐COV‐2) is mostly associated with upper and lower respiratory tract manifestations. However, coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) can result in a wide range of other systemic symptomatology, including neuropsychiatric, psychological, and psychosocial impairments. Literature regarding neurological compromise, including neuropathy and sensory and motor affection associated with COVID-19, is still limited.This study aims to evaluate the sensory, motor neuropathy, and secondary neurological impairment among patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease associated with peripheral neuropathy within 1 month.MethodsForty participants, including 20 mild to moderate COVID-19 patients with peripheral neuropathy and 20 age and gender-matched healthy volunteers, were recruited in this case/control study. Laboratory evaluation focused on C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer levels. Oxygen saturation for all participants was recorded. The neurophysiological study included motor nerve study, sensory nerve study, and F wave study for upper and lower limbs were done.ResultsThe two groups were similar regarding baseline data. Neurological symptoms’ onset in the COVID-19 group ranged from 4 to 24 days. Levels of CRP and D-dimer levels were significantly higher in patients versus the control group. Motor nerve conduction (MNC) amplitude and latency for the median nerve were significantly compromised among the COVID-19 group. The MNC latency and F wave latency for the posterior tibial nerve were significantly higher in the COVID-19 group. The CRP and D-dimer levels were associated with a significant positive correlation with a latency of median nerve MNC, sensory nerve conduction (SNC), and f-wave; latency of MNC and F wave of the posterior tibial nerve; and SNC latency for sural nerve.Conclusionneurological involvement can occur in mild to moderate cases of SARS-COV-2 infection and add to the burden of the disease. Neurological symptoms in the course of COVID-19 disease should be interpreted cautiously, and appropriate diagnosis, including nerve conduction studies and management, should be considered.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov. NCT05721040.

Motor nerve conduction velocity and function in carpal tunnel syndrome following neural mobilization: A randomized clinical trial

Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common nerve entrapment syndrome in the upper extremity leading to the functional disability. The consequence of the entrapment is the poor health of the nerve (conduction, mobility, and blood flow). Purpose of the Study: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of neural mobilization on the motor nerve conduction velocity and function in the CTS patients. Methods: Thirty CTS patients (only females) were scrutinized on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were randomized into two groups A (n = 15) and B (n = 15) using simple random sampling. Group A patients were treated with the conventional physiotherapy regimen and Group B were provided neural mobilization. Results: The data analysis was done using SPSS version 22. The t-test reveals that there was statistically significant improvement in posttreatment values of Group B for numeric pain rating scale, symptom severity scale, function status scale, motor nerve conduction latency, and velocity at P≤ 0.05. Conclusions: Neural mobilization in the CTS patients improves the motor nerve conduction and functional status. It may be incorporated in the physiotherapy treatment protocol of CTS patients.

Axillary nerve conduction changes in hemiplegia

AimTo prove the possibility of axillary nerve conduction changes following shoulder subluxation due to hemiplegia, in order to investigate the usefulness of screening nerve conduction studies in patients with hemiplegia for finding peripheral neuropathy.MethodsForty-four shoulders of twenty-two patients with a first-time stroke having flaccid hemiplegia were tested, 43 ± 12 days after stroke onset. Wasting and weakness of the deltoid were present in the involved side. Motor nerve conduction latency and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude were measured along the axillary nerve, comparing the paralyzed to the sound shoulder. The stimulation was done at the Erb's point whilst the recording needle electrode was inserted into the deltoid muscle 4 cm directly beneath the lateral border of the acromion. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the motor conduction between the sound and the paralytic shoulder. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare between plegic and sound shoulder in each side.ResultsMean motor nerve conduction latency time to the deltoid muscle was 8.49, SD 4.36 ms in the paralyzed shoulder and 5.17, SD 1.35 ms in the sound shoulder (p < 0.001).Mean compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude was 2.83, SD 2.50 mV in the paralyzed shoulder and was 7.44, SD 5.47 mV in the sound shoulder (p < 0.001). Patients with right paralyzed shoulder compared to patients with right sound shoulder (p < 0.001, 1-sided for latency; p = 0.003, 1-sided for amplitude), and patients with left paralyzed shoulder compared to patients with left sound shoulder (p = 0.011, 1-sided for latency, p = 0.001, 1-sided for amplitude), support the same outcomes. The electro-physiological changes in the axillary nerve may appear during the first six weeks after stroke breakout.ConclusionContinuous traction of the axillary nerve, as in hypotonic shoulder, may affect the electro-physiological properties of the nerve. It most probably results from subluxation of the head of the humerus, causing demyelinization and even axonopathy. Slowing of the conduction velocities of the axillary nerve in the paralyzed shoulders may be related also to the lowering of the skin temperature and muscular atrophy in the same limb. The usefulness of routine screening nerve conduction studies in the shoulder of hemiplegic patients seems to be advocated.

Randomized, Sham-controlled, Pilot Trial Using Magnetic Wrist-Hand Fitments for Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Objective: This pilot trial explored the influence of static magnetic fields imbedded in a wrist-hand fitment on nerve conduction and symptom reports in persons with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) to determine if the active magnetic wristhand fitment would improve objective and subjective symptom measures versus the sham control. Methods: Randomized, sham-controlled, pilot trial involving participants with CTS (N=26) who wore either an active magnetic wrist-hand fitment or a sham fitment for 8 to10 hours a day for 8 weeks. Outcome measures included changes in nerve conduction and weekly symptom ratings. Results: The active magnetic fitment group showed significant improvement in motor nerve conduction latency (p=0.046) and a trend toward improvement in sensory latency (p=0.090) compared to the sham group. Objective measures of motor and sensory nerve conduction improved in the active group compared to the sham group, while there were no differences between groups for subjective reports of symptom and functional measures, with both groups showing improvement over time. Conclusion: Findings of improvement in motor distal latency, with only a trend toward improvement in sensory latency, still leave healthcare professionals without sufficient information to inform patients that static magnetic fields are either effective or ineffective in the management of symptoms related to CTS.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome: Assessment of treatment outcome with an anatomic pain intensity scale

Assessment of treatment outcomes for tarsal tunnel syndrome may be improved with a standardized pain rating scale using a descriptive anatomical foot model for pretreatment and post-treatment plantar foot pain analysis. Prospective evaluation of 46 consecutive patients (56 feet) who had non-operative and surgical treatment for tarsal tunnel syndrome. Pain intensity was documented before and after treatment with the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale applied to the anatomic nerve regions of the plantar aspect of the foot. In patients who had successful non-operative treatment, overall pain intensity was significantly improved in the medial calcaneal, medial plantar, and lateral plantar nerve regions. In patients who had ongoing symptoms despite non-operative treatment, surgical treatment resulted in significant pain improvement in the medial calcaneal and medial plantar, but not lateral plantar, nerve regions. Pretreatment motor nerve conduction latency was significantly greater in patients who had surgical treatment than those who had only non-operative treatment. Anatomic pain intensity rating models may be useful in the pretreatment and follow-up evaluation of tarsal tunnel syndrome. Predictors of failed non-operative treatment included longer motor nerve conduction latency and greater predominance of foot comorbidities.

Manual of Nerve Conduction Velocity and Clinical Neurophysiology

Part 1 Introduction: basic nerve conduction studies - general information techniques - general considerations technical procedures troubleshooting temperature effects on nerve conduction velocities and latencies other variability in nerve conduction velocities and common sources of error. Part 2 Cranial nerves: facial nerve distal motor latency to the nasalis muscle orbicularis oris facial nerve distal motor latency to the orbicularis oris hypoglossal motor nerve conduction latency. Part 3 Cervical plexus: greater nerve conduction spinal accessory nerve motor latency phrenic nerve motor. Part 4 Upper extremity nerves: long thoracic nerve motor latency dorsal scapular nerve motor latency suprascapular nerve motor latency to supraspinatus and infraspinatus axilliary nerve motor latency to the deltoid musculocutaneous motor latency to the biceps brachii musculocutaneous sensory latency and nerve conduction velocity radial motor nerve conduction velocity radial motor nerve conduction to extensor digitorum communis radial nerve distal sensory latency anterior interosseous nerve motor latency to the pronator quadratus median motor nerve conduction velocity and latency median nerve distal sensory latency median nerve sensory conduction - short segment stimulation at the wrist median orthodromic and antidromic studies C-8 and T-1 nerve root stimulation electrodiagnostic values through the thoracic outlet using C-8 root studies, F waves and cervical somatosensory evoked potential ulnar motor nerve conduction velocity ulnar nerve motor conduction latency to the first dorsal interosseous muscle ulnar nerve motor conduction across the elbow - short segment stimulation ulnar nerve distal sensory latency dorsal cutaneous ulnar nerve conduction medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve conduction and latency. Part 5 Intercostal nerve motor latency: intercostal nerve distal latency and conduction velocity. Part 6 Lower extremity nerves. Part 7 Reflex, wave and long latency. Part 8 Motor nerve conduction velocity studies in premature infants, infants and children. Part 9 Repetitive stimulation. Part 10 Somatosensory evoked potentials. Part 11 Movement-related potentials. Part 12 Intraoperative monitoring using somatosensory evoked potentials. Part 13 Auditory and visual evoked potentials. Part 14 Magnetoelectric stimulation. Part 15 Motor unit action potential analysis. Part 16 Single fibre electromyography. Part 17 Anatomy. Appendix.

Effects of exercise on carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms

This is a study of whether participation in an exercise programme for increasing upper extremity flexibility, strength, and circulation has any effects on symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Two groups (exercise and control) of seven participants each who did repetitive hand motion tasks were studied. The exercise group participated in daily arm, hand, and other upper-extremity exercises for 8 weeks. The control group did not participate in the exercise programme. Dependent (response) variables monitored were motor nerve conduction latency through the carpal tunnel, grip strength, and subjective comfort in the dominant hands of participants. Test results indicated no statistically significant differences in nerve conduction latency or subjective comfort between the two groups. Significant differences did develop in grip strengths over time, suggesting that the exercise group may have benefited physiologically from the exercise programme.

Intraoperative changes in motor nerve conduction latency in carpal tunnel syndrome

Intraoperative changes in motor nerve conduction latency in carpal tunnel syndrome

Intraoperative changes in motor nerve conduction latency in carpal tunnel syndrome

A prospective study of 47 patients with 51 hands treated for carpal tunnel syndrome by surgical release of the deep transverse carpal ligament was performed using intraoperative motor nerve conduction latency measured over a standard distance across the carpal tunnel both before and after release of the ligament. The results of intraoperative conduction latencies indicated a dramatic and immediate reduction in the conduction latency across the carpal canal in all but seven patients, two of whom had diabetes. When the results were subjected to statistical analysis, they were significant (P is equal to 0.00001). Although further studies are indicated, these data suggest that a rapidly reversible mechanical or metabolic block, such as ischemia in the segment of the median nerve, may be responsible for the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome.