Motor Development In Children Research Articles

The Effect of Block Play on Fine Motor Development Among Children in Pre-School

Aims: to find out the influence of block games on the development of fine motor skills in preschool children aged 4-5 years at TKAT ARRIDLO. Methods: this study used an experimental type of research with a pre- experimental design using a pre-test and post-test design. The population in this study were all preschool children at TKAT ARRIDLO who experienced fine motor development disorders. The sampling technique is to use the entire total population so that the total sample is 17 people. The results of the study were then analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The research revealed that 11.8% of children had untested fine motor development before a block game, while 82.2% had suspect development. After the game, 29.4% had suspect development, and 70.6% had normal development. The Wilcoxon test indicated H1 as accepted. Conclusions: this shows that there is an effect of playing with blocks on the fine motor development of preschoolers at TKAT ARRIDLO. It is hoped that research sites can routinely apply games that train children's motor development, especially fine motor skills.

Relationship Between Diet Patterns and Anemia in Female Adolescents

Background: In the process of becoming a mother, a young woman must prepare herself, especially in meeting nutritional needs to prevent anemia, in order to ensure a quality next generation of the nation. Anemia can cause fatigue, decreased productivity, and disorders in cognitive and motor development in children. This study aims to determine the relationship between diet and the incidence of anemia in young women. Methods: The research design used was cross-sectional to examine the relationship between diet and anemia status. The population in this study were 127 students of grade VII of SMP Negeri 5 Ponorogo, with samples taken using a total sampling of 127 students. The independent variable in this study was diet, while the dependent variable was anemia. The instruments used included questionnaires and hemoglobin (Hb) level examination tools. Data collection was carried out through Hb level screening and filling out questionnaires distributed via Google Form. Data analysis used cross-tabulation and Chi-square test. Results: The results showed that 75.59% of adolescents had good diets, while 24.41% had poor diets. Anemia status showed that 79.53% did not have anemia and 20.47% had anemia. The Chi-square test showed the analysis result p = 0.017, which indicated a significant relationship between diet and the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls. Conclusion: This study shows a significant relationship between diet and the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls. Adolescents with good diets tend to have a lower risk of anemia. It is recommended that adolescent girls continue to maintain a good diet to prevent anemia, which can affect their overall health, including productivity and cognitive development.

Influence of sleep on motor skill acquisition in children: a systematic review.

Effects of sleep on procedural (implicit) memory consolidation in children remain controversial. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise the evidence on the influence of sleep on motor skills acquisition in children. Four electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Excerpta Medica Database (Embase), and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Original studies, published until October 17, 2023, on motor skill acquisition in children aged ≤12 years, in which the intervention group slept after motor skill training, while the control group remained awake, were considered for inclusion. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane's Risk of Bias 2 tool. The review protocol was pre-registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO protocol number: CRD42022363868) and all reported items followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Of the 7241 articles initially retrieved, nine met the primary criteria and were included in this review. Of these, six studies reported that daytime or night-time sleep intervention improved motor skill acquisition, as compared to wakefulness. All studies presented a high risk of bias. In conclusion, the evidence summarised suggests that sleep may enhance motor skills acquisition and could be important for motor development in childhood. However, due to the high risk of bias in the included studies, future randomised controlled trials with high methodological quality are necessary to better clarify this topic.

Peran Day Care Dalam Stimulasi Perkembangan Fisik Motorik Anak Usia Dini Di Buncha Daycare Jakarta Pusat

Nurpadilah, The Role of Day Care in Stimulating Early Childhood Physical Motor Development at Buncha Daycare, Central Jakarta (2024). Thesis. Jakarta: College of Teacher Training and Education Panca Sakti Bekasi. 2024. This study aims to examine the role of day care in stimulating the physical motor development of early childhood in buncha day care central Jakarta, using physical motor development instruments with the role of day care in child growth and development and the effectiveness of day care in stimulating children's physical motor development using the Likert model attitude scale form. The research method used is descriptive research method with qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were elements of the day care institution which included the principal, educators/caregivers, and parents at Buncha Day care. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation with a qualitative data analysis process through several activities, namely data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed that the growth and development of children (aged 2-3 years) there are still those who are not actively participating in activities (rare entry / new to daycare) and must be considered again by employees or parents and more routine child stimulation is needed because seeing growth and development is not in accordance with the age stage. Through analysis of the results of observations, what should be considered

Pengaruh Kegiatan Kolase dengan Pemanfatan Bahan Alam terhadap Keterampilan Motorik Halus Anak di Taman Kanak-kanak Aisyiyah Koto Baru Maninjau Kabupaten Agam

Early childhood education basically aims to support all aspects of child development. Teachers have various methods to stimulate children's fine motor development. One effective way is to utilise natural materials such as leaves, corals, stones, seeds and coconut pulp. These materials have the potential to be utilised in the creation of many artworks, encompassing collage techniques. The objective of this study was to eval_uate the influence of artistic activities involving natural materials on the refinement of children's fine motor skills at Aisyiyah Koto Maninjau Kindergarten in Agam Regency. The study employed a quantitative methodology utilising a pre-experimental design, specifically a one-group pretest-posttest strategy. The study showcased the efficacy of utilising natural materials in collage to enhance children's fine motor abilities. The post-test findings showed that collage using natural leaves was beneficial. The comprehensive study revealed an average N-Gain score of 7.87, which was categorised as high. The N-Gain percentage reached 78.7%, indicating a significant level of effectiveness. In conclusion, collage activities utilising natural materials proved effective in improving children's fine motor skills.

Conceptual apparatus for motor development of children in the first year of life

Conceptual apparatus for motor development of children in the first year of life

Developing Children's Motor Skills by Having Fun With Orff's Approach.

Environmental factors have a clear effect on children's motor development and can be manipulated; while biological factors are also powerfully influential, they are more resistant to intervention. Especially in restrictive environments (e.g., the recent pandemic-related shutdown), there can be increased importance to simple, fun, at-home, indoor programs. In this study, we investigated the effects on motor skill development of a movement education program based on the Orff approach, which has long been used in music education. This was an experimental research design involving 78 children, aged 6-7years old, in two groups (Control Group, n = 39; Experimental Group, n = 39). We used a simple randomization method to determine the groups. We measured the children's skill levels with the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2), and we analyzed data using 2 × 2 repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVA). Our results revealed significantly greater improvement in the children's scores on object control (p < .001), locomotor skills (p < .001), and total TGMD-2 (p < .001) in the experimental group than in the control group. Thus, programs designed with music and rhythm can help ensure that children have fun and are better motivated to participate in activities that have a positive effect on their motor skills.

The Relationship of Parents' Parenting with Crude Motoric Development of Babylonian Children at Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal I Working Region Puskesmas Pringsewu Rejosari in 2024

Parenting are rules made by parents and applied to their children to form a positive child's character and behavior. The right pattern of care applied to the child can maximize the growth of the child according to his age of development. The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between the pattern of parenting of parents and the development of harsh motorics in young children. The design of this study uses analytical descriptive using cross sectional. The population is a young boy with a sample of 52 people, the sampling technique used purposive samplings. Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal I Pringsewu area of work puskesmas Rejosari using questionnaire pattern of nursing and development of rough motric and Test analysis using Chi Square. The results of the research there are Relationship Pattern of Parents Against Rare Motoric Development of Babylon Children in Aisyiah Bustanonul Athpal I Prangsewu school with patterns of parents mostly authoritarian as much as 25 (48.1%) and rough motoric development in children mostly normal category 29 (55.8%). Caring patterns are a major factor in the success of growing children and it is expected that the parents, as well as the environment can support the parents of children in providing the right caring pattern to children so that the growth and development of children, especially the development of rough motorics can run optimally. In addition, it is expected that the proper pattern of caring will have a positive impact on the child in terms of motor, sensory and mental abilities, thus becoming a qualified child.

Child Motor Development before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic: Are There Social Inequalities?

COVID-19 pandemic has influenced all children's motor development. We examine whether this differs by social circumstances. We hypothesise that socially disadvantaged children experienced more pronounced motor problems compared with better-off children. Our trend study includes three representative waves of preschoolers (school years 2018/19, 2019/20, 2023/24) from a German school enrolment medical screening. Based on logistic regressions, we computed predicted prevalences of motor problems separately for children in different social circumstances (neighbourhood, migration background, family status). Motor development of preschoolers slightly worsened by 2023 compared to pre-pandemic level (6.3 percent 2018 to 7.4 percent 2023). Results by neighbourhood highlight that preschoolers from well-off districts experienced a deterioration of motor development (4.9 percent 2018-6.4 percent 2023). The prevalence of motor problems is, however, below that of children from deprived neighbourhoods with consistently high prevalence (9.2-10 percent). Results by migration background show a worsening trend for children without migration background and the gap between the groups disappears in 2023. Results by family status do not indicate significant differences. Contrary to our hypothesis, socially disadvantaged children experienced smaller change in motor problems. However, our results highlight the potential of structured physical activities in daycare centres and sports facilities to enhance the motor development of these children.

Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Melalui Kegiatan Finger Painting RA Asunah Parigi

This classroom action research aims to determine the level of achievement of children's fine motor development and increase creativity through finger painting activities in children aged 5-6 years at RA Asunah Parigi. The data collection techniques used are observation, documentation and assessment. Meanwhile, the model chosen for carrying out classroom actions is the Kemmis and Mc Taggart model which has four stages, namely planning, action, observation and reflection. Data on children's fine motor development was obtained through observation and documentation.

Differences in the Development of Motor Skills in Portuguese Children Aged 12 Months after 3 Years of COVID-19 Confinement.

(1) Background: The objective of the study was to verify the effects of COVID-19 confinement on motor skills through a longitudinal study in Portuguese children who were one year old at the beginning of the pandemic. (2) Methods: The sample consisted of 88 children of both sexes, in the pre-COVID-19 assessment, they were 13.31 ± 2.4 months old and in the post-COVID-19 assessment, the same children were already 49.31 ± 2.5 months old. Motor skills were assessed using the PDMS-2 scales. For the statistical analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test normality, and the Wilcoxon test was used to compare the results of the two assessments in the same sample. (3) Results: There were statistically significant differences in all motor skills assessed, with children presenting, on average, worse results in all global motor skills in the post-COVID-19 assessment, as opposed to fine motor skills, showing better results in the post-COVID-19 assessment. (4) Conclusions: These results show the negative impact of the pandemic on children evaluated with a special emphasis on global motor skills, with the majority demonstrating values considered below average for their age, noting that the pandemic protocols may have had serious consequences on children's motor development, warning professionals who deal daily with children in these age groups about the importance of stimulating global motor skills.

Oral Motor Development in Children Aged 0-12 Months: A Review of Functional and Therapeutic Aspects

This study examines oral motor development in children aged 0-12 months with a focus on functional and therapeutic aspects. The purpose of the study is to understand the pattern of oral motor development, influencing factors, and evaluate the effectiveness of various therapeutic methods applied. The qualitative research method was used by collecting data through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis at school. The results of the study showed that the initial suction reflex and stimulation from the environment played an important role in oral motor development. Oral muscle exercises and the use of technology such as oral vibrators have been shown to be effective in strengthening the oral muscles, improving chewing and speaking skills in children. However, there is controversy regarding the use of therapeutic tools, with some parents and therapy professionals preferring the natural approach. This study emphasizes the importance of parental education and their active involvement in the therapy process for optimal outcomes. The implications of this study are the need for a holistic approach and timely interventions to support healthy oral motor development, as well as the importance of flexibility in choosing a therapy method that suits the specific needs of the child.

The Effect of Playing Playdough Media on Fine Motor and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Efforts to improve children's fine motor skills are an indispensable effort in growing and developing early childhood, one of which is using the media of playdough games. This study aims to find out (1) whether there is an effect of playdough media on the fine motor development of group B children at Pembina Sekayu State Kindergarten, (2) whether there is an effect of playdough media on the cognitive development of group B children at Pembina Sekayu State Kindergarten. This study is a quasi-experimental research with a nonequivalent control group design, the population of this study is all children aged 5-6 years at Pembina Sekayu State Kindergarten, with a sample of 60 children. The instrument used was in the form of observation techniques for the fine motor and cognitive development of children. The data analysis technique used independent sample t-test analysis with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the study showed that: (1) there was a significant influence of playdough media on the fine motor development of group B children at Pembina Sekayu State Kindergarten where the paired sample t-test results were obtained on average of 46.77 with a Sig value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05. (2) there was a significant influence of playdough media on the cognitive development of group B children at Pembina Sekayu State Kindergarten where the paired sample t-test results were obtained on average of 52.93 with a Sig value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05. So based on the study, it can be concluded that there is a very significant influence on playdough media games on fine motor and cognitive development in early childhood

Analisis Kebutuhan Buku Cerita Bergambar sebagai Pengantar Bermain di Taman Kanak-Kanak

The availability of picture storybooks is a crucial component of early childhood education. This research aims to describe and analyze the needs for storybooks among Kindergarten students through a questionnaire. At an early age, play is an essential activity that supports children's cognitive, social, emotional, and motor development. The storybooks used in this process must have specific characteristics that captivate children's interest while aligning with educational objectives. The research methods employed include observations, interviews with kindergarten teachers, and content analysis of popular storybooks among young children. The findings are intended to serve as a foundation for developing educational materials, particularly picture storybooks that facilitate play-based learning for kindergarten students. The ultimate goal is to enhance the quality of educational resources available to young learners, ensuring they are both engaging and educationally beneficial.

Childhood motor difficulties and cognitive impairment in midlife: A 40-year cohort study.

We aimed to examine the association of childhood motor difficulties (MD) with cognitive impairment in midlife. We studied 357 participants from a cohort born in 1971-1975. At age 9, they had completed the Test of Motor Impairment, which classified them into three groups: childhood MD (cMD), borderline cMD (bcMD), or no cMD. Participants with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder were excluded. At age 40, participants comprised 18 (5.0%) with cMD, 43 (12.0%) with bcMD, and 296 (82.9%) with no cMD. They underwent neuropsychological assessment covering six domains: executive functions, processing speed, attention and working memory, learning and memory, verbal symbolic abilities, and visuoperceptual and visuospatial abilities. A participant was considered to have an impairment if their performance was in the 15th percentile of a normative group. Participants with cMD were more likely than those with no cMD to have an impairment in executive functions (OR = 6.73, p < .01), processing speed (OR = 3.85, p < .05), attention and working memory (OR = 4.79, p < .01), and a cross-domain impairment (OR = 3.62, p < .01). These differences remained significant after adjusting for parents' occupation, sex, and low birth weight and after multiple imputation. No consistent difference emerged between participants with bcMD and no cMD. Childhood MD are associated with midlife cognitive impairment, which underscores their long-term implications. In the neuropsychological assessment of an adult patient, information on childhood motor development is of value. The assessment may help adapt the patient's physical or occupational therapy to the patient's cognitive profile. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Cohort differences between preschool development of in vitro fertilization and naturally conceived infants.

To explore the differential cohort situation between preschool development of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and naturally conceived infants. From April 2014 to June 2022, 60 preschool IVFs were selected as the research subjects for follow-up at the pediatric health clinic of hospital's prevention and health department. They were set as the experimental group (Group S), and 60 naturally conceived infants of the same age were selected as the control group (Group Z). Data from both groups were collected through telephone follow-up and other methods. No significant difference showed between the 2 groups in age specific height, age specific weight, Gesell developmental score, Denver developmental screening test screening results, intellectual development index, and motor development index (P > .05). The influence of birth environment factors such as family background and maternal education level on children's height and weight was not significant (P > .05), while maternal education level had a significant impact on children's intellectual development index (P < .05). No significant difference showed in the development of preschool children in IVF compared to naturally conceived children, and the level of parental education has a significant impact on children's mental and motor development.

Edukasi Penerapan Terapi Bermain Puzzle Sederhana Untuk Perkembangan Motorik Halus Pada Anak Usia 3-6 Tahun Di UPT Puskesmas Kedaton Bandar Lampung

Fine motor skills are movements carried out by the fingers with a central nervous cell arrangement that regulates the use of small muscle groups such as the fingers and hands, and often require precision and coordination with the hands. One type of game that can optimize children's fine motor development is puzzle games. Puzzles are a type of game that improves thinking skills, makes it easier to remember and understand concepts, and increases creativity. Puzzle games are simple games that are played in pairs and require precision because children are trained to focus their minds so they can concentrate. The aim of this activity is to improve fine motor development in children through puzzle play therapy. It was found that respondents were very enthusiastic about carrying out play therapy. The conclusion from this activity is that fine motor development in children can be trained using puzzle play therapy.

Exploring the impact of parent-facilitated aquatics on children with developmental disabilities - a mixed-methods study

Children with developmental disabilities often face challenges in adaptive behavior and motor skills. Aquatics is recognized as a beneficial activity for enhancing physical health and social behavior in this population. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of a parent-facilitated aquatics program for children with developmental disabilities. Fourteen children with developmental disabilities, accompanied by one biological parent (5 mothers, 9 fathers), participated in an eight-week aquatics program. The outcome measures of the study included pre- and post-intervention assessments of adaptive behavior, utilizing the Korea National Institute of Special Education-Scales of Adaptive Behavior (2005) and motor coordination, including balance, agility, and precision of movement, employing the Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder (1974). Following the intervention, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with each parent to explore their perceptions and experiences of the parent-facilitated program for children with developmental disabilities. Quantitative data were analyzed using paired t-tests (α = 0.05), while qualitative data underwent thematic coding and content analysis. A significant improvement (p < 0.05) with a small to moderate effect size was observed in hop, jump, and lateral movement skills. Two main themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: (a) ‘Parental presence’ and (b) ‘Parental Transformation’. The findings of study emphasize the crucial role of parent engagement in fostering the motor development and physical activity participation of children with developmental disabilities. Despite study limitations, it offers a valuable model for enhancing adaptive behavior and motor coordination in this population.

Early Parenting Interventions to Enhance Development in Infants and Children Born Prematurely: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Parenting interventions have the potential to become effective strategies for improving the developmental trajectories of infants and children born prematurely. However, the effectiveness of parenting interventions is not well understood. A literature search was conducted in five databases. A total of 24 studies involving 3,636 participants were included for review. The results showed a significant effect in cognition, language, motor development, and behavioral problems of children born prematurely. Parenting stress, anxiety, and interactive behaviors showed significant effect size. This review focuses on interventions that employ scaffolding parenting strategies to enhance the development of children born prematurely. Efforts should continue to empower parents through effective and sustainable parenting interventions to improve the quality of life of preterm children.

Analysis of Fine Motor Development of Children Aged 4-5 Years in KB Cendekia Bapangan Through Pottery Formation Play Activities

Pottery is one of the traditional handicrafts made of clay that is shaped in such a way and then heated until it becomes hard. This clay pottery forming game can help children's imagination to make a desired object from clay play. This study aims to determine the fine motor development of children through pottery playing activities. The research method applied in writing this article is qualitative method. The results of this study confirm the importance of paying attention to children's fine motor development, especially by parents and teachers. Fine motor development, which involves coordinating small muscles in movements such as writing and buttoning a shirt, is essential for everyday tasks. One effective method to support fine motor development is through the medium of play, especially the manufacture of pottery from clay. This activity not only improves fine motor skills, but also develops the child's creativity and sensory experience. Clay manipulation requires precise hand movements, which strengthen eye-hand coordination and dexterity. In addition, working with clay encourages children to use their imagination, provides rich sensory stimulation, and allows emotional expression through art. To integrate pottery activities into early childhood education, teachers and parents can introduce structured pottery sessions, provide free playtime, incorporate thematic projects, encourage collaborative projects, and showcase children's work to celebrate their achievements. Thus, the use of clay in early childhood learning becomes a fun and effective way to support fine motor development and other aspects of development.