Motor Activity Research Articles

Footprints of loop extrusion in statistics of intra-chromosomal distances: An analytically solvable model.

Active loop extrusion-the process of formation of dynamically growing chromatin loops due to the motor activity of DNA-binding protein complexes-is a firmly established mechanism responsible for chromatin spatial organization at different stages of a cell cycle in eukaryotes and bacteria. The theoretical insight into the effect of loop extrusion on the experimentally measured statistics of chromatin conformation can be gained with an appropriately chosen polymer model. Here, we consider the simplest analytically solvable model of an interphase chromosome, which is treated as an ideal chain with disorder of sufficiently sparse random loops whose conformations are sampled from the equilibrium ensemble. This framework allows us to arrive at the closed-form analytical expression for the mean-squared distance between pairs of genomic loci, which is valid beyond the one-loop approximation in diagrammatic representation. In addition, we analyze the loop-induced deviation of chain conformations from the Gaussian statistics by calculating kurtosis of probability density of the pairwise separation vector. The presented results suggest the possible ways of estimating the characteristics of the loop extrusion process based on the experimental data on the scale-dependent statistics of intra-chromosomal pair-wise distances.

On the Role of Sensorimotor Experience in Facial Expression Perception.

Humans recognize the facial expressions of others rapidly and effortlessly. Although much is known about how we perceive expressions, the role of facial experience in shaping this remarkable ability remains unclear. Is our perception of expressions linked to how we ourselves make facial expressions? Are we better at recognizing other's facial expressions if we are experts at making the same expressions ourselves? And if we could not make facial expressions at all, would it impact our ability to recognize others' facial expressions? The current article aims to examine these questions by explicating the link between facial experience and facial expression recognition. It includes a comprehensive appraisal of the related literature and examines three main theories that posit a connection between making and recognizing facial expressions. First, recent studies in individuals with Moebius syndrome support the role of facial ability (i.e., the ability to move one's face to make facial expressions) in facial expression recognition. Second, motor simulation theory suggests that humans recognize others' facial expressions by covertly mimicking the observed expression (without overt motor action) and that this facial mimicry helps us identify and feel the associated emotion. Finally, the facial feedback hypothesis provides a framework for enhanced emotional experience via proprioceptive feedback from facial muscles when mimicking a viewed facial expression. Evidence for and against these theories is presented as well as some considerations and outstanding questions for future research studies investigating the role of facial experience in facial expression perception.

Training-related changes in neural beta oscillations associated with implicit and explicit motor sequence learning

Many motor actions we perform have a sequential nature while learning a motor sequence involves both implicit and explicit processes. In this work, we developed a task design where participants concurrently learn an implicit and an explicit motor sequence across five training sessions, with EEG recordings at sessions 1 and 5. This intra-subject approach allowed us to study training-induced behavioral and neural changes specific to the explicit and implicit components. Based on previous reports of beta power modulations in sensorimotor networks related to sequence learning, we focused our analysis on beta oscillations at motor-cortical sites. On a behavioral level, substantial performance gains were evident early in learning in the explicit condition, plus slower performance gains across training sessions in both explicit and implicit sequence learning. Consistent with the behavioral trends, we observed a training-related increase in beta power in both sequence learning conditions, while the explicit condition displayed stronger beta power suppression during early learning. The initially stronger beta suppression and subsequent increase in beta power specific to the explicit component, correlated with enhanced behavioral performance, possibly reflecting higher cortical excitability. Our study suggests an involvement of motor-cortical beta oscillations in the explicit component of motor sequence learning.

Concurrent Supra-Postural Auditory-Hand Coordination Task Affects Postural Control: Using Sonification to Explore Environmental Unpredictability in Factors Affecting Fall Risk.

Clinical screening tests for balance and mobility often fall short of predicting fall risk. Cognitive distractors and unpredictable external stimuli, common in busy natural environments, contribute to this risk, especially in older adults. Less is known about the effects of upper sensory-motor coordination, such as coordinating one's hand with an external stimulus. We combined movement sonification and affordable inertial motion sensors to develop a task for the precise measurement and manipulation of full-body interaction with stimuli in the environment. In a double-task design, we studied how a supra-postural activity affected quiet stance. The supra-postural task consisted of rhythmic synchronization with a repetitive auditory stimulus. The stimulus was attentionally demanding because it was being modulated continuously. The participant's hand movement was sonified in real time, and their goal was to synchronize their hand movement with the stimulus. In the unpredictable condition, the tempo changed at random points in the trial. A separate sensor recorded postural fluctuations. Young healthy adults were compared to older adult (OA) participants without known risk of falling. The results supported the hypothesis that supra-postural coordination would entrain postural control. The effect was stronger in OAs, supporting the idea that diminished reserve capacities reduce the ability to isolate postural control from sensory-motor and cognitive activity.

Motor seizures confer overall survival benefit in who grade 2 glioma.

The prevalence of epilepsy in World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2 glioma is high, with seizures being the presenting symptom in 60%-90%. We explore the epidemiology of seizures in this patient population in a regional neurosurgical center. Electronic health records of patients with histologically-proven WHO grade 2 glioma (n = 228) were reviewed between 1997 and 2021, with data collected including patient demographics, epilepsy prevalence, and seizure semiology. The influence of seizure type on overall survival was calculated using a Cox proportional hazards model. Overall, 197 of 228 patients (86.4%) were diagnosed with epilepsy-either at presentation or during the course of their disease. Male patients were more likely than female patients to be diagnosed with epilepsy (91.1% vs 77.1%, p = .003) and, in those with epilepsy, more likely to experience at least one focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure (69.4% vs 54.1%, p = .05). Patients with left-sided tumors were twice as likely to have experienced a focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure (p = .02, odds ratio [OR] = .47). Predominantly experiencing seizures with motor activity appeared to confer better overall survival, with a 65% decrease in the risk of death 10 years post diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] = .35, p = .02). This is despite accounting for previously described prognostic markers including tumor histology/genetics, time from diagnosis to surgery, and the extent of tumor resection. Motor seizure activity is a frequent feature in WHO grade 2 glioma and appears to confer a survival benefit regardless of histology or surgical factors. Seizures due to dominant hemisphere tumors may be more likely to propagate and cause bilateral tonic-clonic activity.

Effect of Postural Training in Improving Hand Eye Coordination in Autism Children - An Interventional Study

Autism is one of the major developmental delays that affect the children at an early age. It presents as a series of motor and sensory impairments that constantly needs adjustment in posture. Evaluation of motor skills and enhancing it quite often results in postural adjustment. The primary objective of this current study is to investigate the effect of postural training exercises prior to administration of motor activities in improving the hand eye coordination to perform upper limb tasks. The study was a randomised control trial that included children of both sexes with a diagnosis of autism between the age group of 5 and 10. All the participants of the study underwent the pre-test assessment of Gross motor skill and fine motor skill and were entered in the data sheet as pre-test score. The children’s Gross motor skill and Fine Motor Skill were assessed through Box and Block test and 25 grooved peg board test respectively. The test was performed for the dominant hand of the participant. The participants in control group underwent the motor and fine motor activities for a period of 30 minutes each session on alternate days for 8 weeks. The participants in experimental group received postural stability exercises along with these activities. At the end of 8 weeks the results of the study showed significant improvement in the experimental group. The study concluded that postural stability exercises prior to the activities improved the motor and fine motor skill of the autism children. Keywords: Autism, Postural Exercises in autism children, Hand eye coordination, Postural instability.

Diaphragm movement sensor for phrenic nerve monitoring during cryoballoon procedures: the first clinical evaluation.

Right phrenic nerve palsy is the most frequent complication of cryoballoon procedures. The SMARTFREEZE™ console (Boston Scientific, St. Paul, MN, USA) has integrated a new tool for diaphragm monitoring-the Diaphragm Movement Sensor; however, it has not been evaluated in clinical practice. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of the Diaphragm Movement Sensor based on compound motor action potential data recorded simultaneously. Thirty consecutive patients (mean age 63.2 ± 10.2 years) were included. We simultaneously recorded the compound motor action potential and the Diaphragm Movement Sensor during cryoapplications in the right pulmonary veins. The right phrenic nerve was paced at 60 per minute, 12 V and 2.9 ms. Compound motor action potential monitoring with a 30% decrease cutoff for the diagnosis of phrenic nerve threatening was considered the gold standard. The Diaphragm Movement Sensor decrease threshold was also set at 30%. Considering compound motor action potential monitoring, phrenic nerve threatening occurred 11 times (in seven patients) among 84 cryoapplications (13.1%) at the right pulmonary veins. The sensitivity and specificity of the Diaphragm Movement Sensor were, respectively, 33% (95% CI: 7%-70%) and 49% (95% CI: 38%-61%; P < 0.001). The predictive positive and negative values for the Diaphragm Movement Sensor were, respectively, 7% (95% CI: 2%-20%) and 86% (95% CI: 72%-95%). The Diaphragm Movement Sensor gave an erroneous diagnosis in 44/84 cryoapplications (52.4%). The diagnostic performance of the Diaphragm Movement Sensor is low, and the relevance of its use in clinical practice may be debated.

A New Wrist-Worn Tool Supporting the Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Motor Syndromes.

To date, clinical expert opinion is the gold standard diagnostic technique for Parkinson's disease (PD), and continuous monitoring is a promising candidate marker. This study assesses the feasibility and performance of a new wearable tool for supporting the diagnosis of Parkinsonian motor syndromes. The proposed method is based on the use of a wrist-worn measuring system, the execution of a passive, continuous recording session, and a computation of two digital biomarkers (i.e., motor activity and rest tremor index). Based on the execution of some motor tests, a second step is provided for the confirmation of the results of passive recording. In this study, fifty-nine early PD patients and forty-one healthy controls were recruited. The results of this study show that: (a) motor activity was higher in controls than in PD with slight tremors at rest and did not significantly differ between controls and PD with mild-to-moderate tremor rest; (b) the tremor index was smaller in controls than in PD with mild-to-moderate tremor rest and did not significantly differ between controls and PD patients with slight tremor rest; (c) the combination of the said two motor parameters improved the performances in differentiating controls from PD. These preliminary findings demonstrate that the combination of said two digital biomarkers allowed us to differentiate controls from early PD.

Accelerometer-based measures in Friedreich ataxia: a longitudinal study on real-life activity.

Quantitative measurement of physical activity may complement neurological evaluation and provide valuable information on patients' daily life. We evaluated longitudinal changes of physical activity in patients with Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) using remote monitoring with wearable sensors. We performed an observational study in 26 adult patients with FRDA and 13 age-sex matched healthy controls (CTR). Participants were asked to wear two wearable sensors, at non-dominant wrist and at waist, for 7days during waking hours. Evaluations were performed at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. We analysed the percentage of time spent in sedentary or physical activities, the Vector Magnitude on the 3 axes (VM3), and average number of steps/min. Study participants were also evaluated with ataxia clinical scales and functional tests for upper limbs dexterity and walking capability. Baseline data showed that patients had an overall reduced level of physical activity as compared to CTR. Accelerometer-based measures were highly correlated with clinical scales and disease duration in FRDA. Significantly changes from baseline to l-year follow-up were observed in patients for the following measures: (i) VM3; (ii) percentage of sedentary and light activity, and (iii) percentage of Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA). Reduction in physical activity corresponded to worsening in gait score of the Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia. Real-life activity monitoring is feasible and well tolerated by patients. Accelerometer-based measures can quantify disease progression in FRDA over 1 year, providing objective information about patient's motor activities and supporting the usefulness of these data as complementary outcome measure in interventional trials.

Preeclampsia as a possible risk factor for memory impairment, anxiety- and depressive-like behavior in offspring.

Preeclampsia is a condition that can affect the health in offspring at adult life. The effect on several systems has been described, but less is known about its effect on neuropsychiatric disorders at early ages. Evaluate the possible relationship of preeclampsia with development of anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, as well as memory impairments in male and female early adolescent offspring from preeclamptic mice. Thirty pregnant females were divided into control group receiving vehicle, and preeclampsia group receiving L-NAME in drinking water at a dose of 60mg/Kg from day 10 of pregnancy until delivery. Offspring was weaned and sexed at 4 weeks after birth. Each group was evaluated using the elevated plus maze test (anxiety- like response), tail suspension test (depressive-like behavior) and the recognition of novel objects test (recognition memory), in addition to the open field test was performance to corroborate their motor activity and validate our results. We found that preeclampsia produces behavioral alterations in offspring, and this effect is dependent on sex. The male offspring from preeclampsia showed an enhancement in the time that mice spend in the close arms in the elevated plus maze test, and longer immobility time in the tail suspension test, compared to the offspring from healthy pregnancies. On the other hand, female offspring from preeclampsia showed a lower percentage of recognition in the memory test compared to offspring from normal pregnancy. These results suggest that preeclampsia predisposes early adolescent young male offspring to develop anxiety- and depressive-like behavior as well as memory impairment in early adolescent young female offspring.

Adaptation to the conditions of education and training in educational institutions by schoolchildren and students with cerebral palsy (literature review)

An analytical review on the problems of education and training of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (cerebral palsy) was carried out. Purpose: to study the peculiarities of education and adaptation of schoolchildren and students with cerebral palsy in educational organizations. The causes of the appearance of cerebral palsy and its prevalence are shown. The effectiveness of medical and social rehabilitation and optimal periods for rehabilitation of various functions were evaluated. The features of families with children with cerebral palsy have been studied. Communication disorders, low motor activity of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy are shown. The needs of specialists for the adaptation of children in educational organizations are assessed: social workers, rehabilitologists, defectologists, psychologists, social educators. The problems of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy in different learning environments are shown. The needs of providing educational organizations for teaching children with cerebral palsy are indicated. The features of professional orientation of adolescents with cerebral palsy and employment opportunities are considered.

Cannabidiol and it fluorinate analog PECS-101 reduces hyperalgesia and allodynia in trigeminal neuralgia via TRPV1 receptors

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is an intense and debilitating orofacial pain. The gold standard treatment for TN is carbamazepine. This antiepileptic drug provides pain relief with limited efficacy and side effects. To study the antinociceptive potential of cannabidiol (CBD) and its fluorinated analog PECS-101 (former HUF-101), we induced unilateral chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (IoN-CCI) in male Wistar rats. Seven days of treatment with CBD (30 mg/kg), PECS-101 (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg), or carbamazepine (10 and 30 mg/kg) reduced allodynia and hyperalgesia responses. Unlike carbamazepine, CBD and PECS-101 did not impair motor activity. The relief of the hypersensitive reactions has been associated with transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) modulation in the trigeminal spinal nucleus. CBD (30 mg/kg) and PECS-101 (10 and 30 mg/kg) reversed the increased expression of TRPV1 induced by IoN-CCI in this nucleus. Using a pharmacological strategy, the combination of the selective TRPV1 antagonist (capsazepine-CPZ – 5 mg/kg) with sub-effective doses of CBD (3 and 10 mg/kg) is also able to reverse the IoN-CCI-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia responses. This effect was accompanied by reduced TRPV1 protein expression in the trigeminal spinal nucleus. Our results suggest that CBD and PECS-101 may benefit trigeminal neuralgia without motor coordination impairments. PECS-101 is more potent against the hypernociceptive and motor impairment induced by TN compared to CBD and carbamazepine. The antinociceptive effect of these cannabinoids is partially mediated by TRPV1 receptors in the caudal part of the trigeminal spinal nucleus, the first central station of orofacial pain processing.

Structure–function analysis of PorXFj, the PorX homolog from Flavobacterium johnsioniae, suggests a role of the CheY-like domain in type IX secretion motor activity

The type IX secretion system (T9SS) is a large multi-protein transenvelope complex distributed into the Bacteroidetes phylum and responsible for the secretion of proteins involved in pathogenesis, carbohydrate utilization or gliding motility. In Porphyromonas gingivalis, the two-component system PorY sensor and response regulator PorX participate to T9SS gene regulation. Here, we present the crystal structure of PorXFj, the Flavobacterium johnsoniae PorX homolog. As for PorX, the PorXFj structure is comprised of a CheY-like N-terminal domain and an alkaline phosphatase-like C-terminal domain separated by a three-helix bundle central domain. While not activated and monomeric in solution, PorXFj crystallized as a dimer identical to active PorX. The CheY-like domain of PorXFj is in an active-like conformation, and PorXFj possesses phosphodiesterase activity, in agreement with the observation that the active site of its phosphatase-like domain is highly conserved with PorX.

Theoretical justification of the need for rational use of physical activity in the prepubertal period in schoolchildren

The goal is to theoretically substantiate the need to assess the functional state of elementary school students in order to determine directions for reforming motor activity classes in elementary school. Methodology: theoretical analysis: in order to determine the importance of the problem of organizing physical education classes for children of pre-pubescent age, in schools and sports clubs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as other countries; empirical: pedagogical observations, testing. Scientific novelty. This article examines modern data on the dependence of the level of physical fitness on the general level of health of primary school students (in the pre-pubertal period), the specifics of physical development and physical fitness, the functional state of the respiratory system, the parameters of the cardiovascular system based on the heart rate of middle school students links of education, in particular younger schoolchildren, their prospects in the ontogenesis of further development. This fact may further contribute to a more progressive approach of the teacher to the training of students in choosing an Olympic sport and successful sports activities, in accordance with their individual development, gender and physical fitness.&#x0D; Data from domestic and foreign literature are summarized, as well as the results of own research are presented, namely: an assessment of the level of health and physical abilities is carried out. Against this background, the dynamics of the growth of physical abilities of secondary school students compared to the results of similar work of a sports club was analyzed.&#x0D; Conclusions. On the basis of the obtained data, it was concluded that the lack of motor activity of pre-pubescent schoolchildren has a negative impact on the further course of the ontogenetic process and requires a balanced approach to the creation of unified and personalized programs of physical training of schoolchildren and an increase in the number of times. that are assigned to motor activity both in school and in extracurricular work in the Republic of Kazakhstan and Ukraine and the possibility of further implementation in other countries.

Features of the content formation of the discipline “Modern valeological technologies” as a mandatory educational component in the professional training of students of educational program “Human Health and Physical Recreation”

This article presents the experience of introducing the mandatory educational discipline "Modern valeological technologies" into the educational process of training applicants of specialty 017 "Physical culture and sport" (on the example of the " Human Health and Physical Recreation" educational program).&#x0D; The purpose of this article is to highlight the experience of using the pedagogical potential of the health-preserving content of the discipline "Modern valeological technologies" in the process of professional training of future specialists in physical recreation and teachers of the basics of health.&#x0D; The content and structural elements of this training course are revealed with the hours indicated, a brief thematic plan is presented. It is proposed to study the discipline "Modern valeological technologies" in the V-VI semester, after studying other basic disciplines of the professional training cycle in the I-II course, such as "Theory and methods of physical education", "Human anatomy with the basics of general and age-related physiology and sports morphology", "Physiology of physical exercises and motor activity" etc. The total amount of study time is 180 hours (6 ECTS credits), including 28 hours – lectures, 50 hours – practical and seminar classes and 102 hours – independent work. The final control form is an exam.&#x0D; It is noted that the following types of active and interactive teaching methods are the most effective in helping students learn the health-preserving content of the discipline "Modern valeological technologies": context-type lectures: problem (discussion) lectures, lectures with visualization, lectures-conversations, binary lectures, lectures with pre-planned mistakes, press conferences, reflective lectures, "lectures in pairs" or combined variations can be used as well, which will compensate for the shortcomings of a typical lecture; innovative forms of seminar classes: pro-seminar, seminar using heuristic conversation, seminar-colloquium, seminar-conference, seminar-dispute, seminar-workshop, seminar-brainstorming, seminar-business game; training methods.

Prevention of injuries to young football players at the preparatory stage of training by means of kinesioplasty

The article presents a theoretical analysis and generalizes approaches to the use of kinesioplastic in the training activities of young football players for the prevention of sports injuries at the preparatory stage of training.On the basis of the generalization of scientific literature, the expediency of expanding the range of means of the training process of young football players (by means of kinesioplastic), aimed at optimizing their motor activity at the preparatory stage of training, is investigated. The pedagogical research was conducted on the basis of the Academy of Sports in Bucha, Kyiv region. The experiment was conducted during May-August 2021. It was attended by 30 athletes. According to the results of the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, it can be argued that in the training of football players, work on the prevention and reduction of injuries should be carried out in a planned and comprehensive manner, using a wide range of various means. Prevention of sports injuries should include not only traditional means, but also modern technologies of targeted impact on individual systems. Among such non-traditional means, in our opinion, there are exercises of the kinesioplastic system, which are aimed at high-quality warm-up, optimization of the functionality of young football players, allowing to strengthen the muscular-ligamentous apparatus of the lower extremities and the body as a whole, thereby expanding the possibilities of increasing special physical fitness and reducing sports injuries. Of course, they should be used in combination with traditional physical and technical-tactical exercises and used as additional factors that contribute to expanding the functional boundaries of the athlete's musculoskeletal system. The results of the study confirmed that the use of kinesioplastic has a positive effect on the prevention of sports injuries of young football players.

The method of teaching physical exercises by means of sports games for students of the pedagogical profile with weakened health

Scientific and methodological approaches to the problem of implementation and realization of health-oriented technologies of students of medical groups are disclosed in the dissertation research.&#x0D; The solution of important issues regarding the deterioration of the state of health of student youth, a decrease in the level of their motor activity, an insufficient level of motivation for physical education classes, which requires the creation and implementation of practical measures aimed at the implementation of modern technologies in the process of physical education of students of a pedagogical profile with weakened health, remains relevant. The choice of the research topic "The method of teaching physical exercises by means of sports games for students of the pedagogical profile with weakened health" is due to the need to increase the effectiveness of the process of physical education of students of pedagogical profile with weakened health, which meets socio-economic requirements and is carried out under the "condition of implementation" of health learning technologies in the process of physical education of student youth. The proposed model of the methodology of teaching physical exercises and the development of physical qualities by means of badminton in the process of physical education of students of a pedagogical profile with weakened health, we propose to present as a system with defined components, which is formed by the totality, subordination and ratio of internal connections between its elements. In this regard, the motivational and target component is the main, system- forming part of the learning process and includes the purpose, tasks, functions and orientation of physical education of students of the pedagogical profile with weakened health, which contributes to the formation of students' motivation and a conscious attitude to the educational process of physical education, its means and methods, independent motor activities, the desire to constantly improve physical culture and sports skills.

Рrogram of physical and sports rehabilitation of military servicemen after amputation of the lower extremities in the rehabilitation center

Loss of a limb as a result of combat trauma is one of the leading causes of amputation in most countries of the world. The relevance of this problem in Ukraine is connected with the beginning of military operations as a result of Russian aggression. The purpose of the article was to describe the features of the program of physical and sports rehabilitation of military personnel after amputation of the lower limbs in the rehabilitation center. Scientific publications on physical and sports rehabilitation of military personnel after amputation of the lower limbs in the rehabilitation center were analyzed. It is noted that the majority of amputees are recognized as disabled of the I and II groups, and only in the case of successful prosthetics and return to work, they are transferred to the III disability group. The principles, methods and tasks of physical and sports rehabilitation of military personnel after amputation of the lower limbs in the rehabilitation center are defined. In order to create a program of physical and sports rehabilitation of servicemen after amputation of the lower limbs in the rehabilitation center, we first defined its main tasks: increasing the level of physical performance and motor activity, developing strength and endurance, stimulating the processes of adaptation of functional systems to the new conditions of movement of servicemen. Special tasks were determined by evaluations of locomotion defects and required an individual methodical approach in each case. It is indicated that the program of physical and sports rehabilitation of military personnel after amputation of the lower limbs in the rehabilitation center was developed as a single cycle, and it included the following means of physical and sports rehabilitation: complexes of general strengthening and special physical exercises, dosed walking on a prosthesis, classes on simulators. These tools were complemented by independent classes, morning hygienic gymnastics, post-isometric relaxation, mobile and sports games, and psychological influence. A conclusion was made about the necessity of applying the proposed program of physical and sports rehabilitation of military personnel after amputation of the lower limbs in the rehabilitation center.

RESULTS OF PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION THE INDEPENDENT WILL BE BUSY WITH PHYSICA EXERCISES IN STRESSFUL SITUATIONS AMONG YOUTH STUDENTS

The article examines the effectiveness of the program of independent physical exercises in stressful situations among students of the Dnipro National University named after Oles Gonchar.&#x0D; War is seen as a source of extreme stress that is unexpected and extremely intense. Its psycho-traumatic potential is connected with this. Therefore, it is important to understand what means can be used to bring a person out of a stressful state and to treat mild forms of mental disorders caused by stress. It is especially relevant to consider those methods of combating stress that do not require any additional costs, and therefore are generally available to everyone.&#x0D; A program of independent classes was developed according to scientific studies, which claim that anaerobic activity is as effective in stressful conditions as aerobic exercises, regime of alternating strength exercises and aerobics with a duration of 30 minutes. Exercise intensity was moderate to moderate, as any positive effect of exercise on reducing the risk of depressive symptoms may be limited by exercise intensity.&#x0D; Results received. The number of respondents who had a moderate degree of depression according to the Beck scale decreased by 15%. Also, the number of students with a mild degree of depression decreased by 34%, and the number of students with a normal psychological state increased accordingly (by 49%). Conclusions were made: 1. Self-exercise is an opportunity to support both physical and psychological health of a person. 2. In a stressful state, motor activity is a mandatory component for getting out of it and reducing its effect. 3. To reduce symptoms of depression, the focus should be on exercise frequency, not duration or intensity. 4. A mandatory condition for teachers of physical education departments of higher education institutions is the education of priority health orientations in students, motivational incentives for regular independent physical exercises, because systematic training is an important guarantee of normal physical and spiritual development of young people.

Features of physical education and sports rehabilitation for teenagers with hearing impairments

The number of children suffering from partial or complete hearing loss is steadily increasing according to the Worldwide organization protection health. This trend is a cause for concern, as this condition can hinder a child's overall development and social adaptation. The aim of this article was to characterize the features of physical and sports rehabilitation for adolescents with hearing impairments. Scientific publications on physical and health rehabilitation of children with partial or complete hearing loss were analyzed. The effectiveness of physical exercises, massage, the use of technical rehabilitation means, methods of correction of motor disorders, swimming training, and activation of cognitive activity were revealed. It was indicated that hearing impairment leads to underdevelopment of speech, slowing down or specific development of other functions associated with the affected organ, which slows down mental development as a whole. Underdevelopment in the functioning of some sensory organs and the relative preservation of others are also characteristic. A correlation was found between hearing impairments and the characteristics of the development of the emotional sphere, attention, memory, and thinking. Such features negatively affect the quality of life of a child, especially during adolescence, since this stage is considered critical. Attention is drawn to the fact that modern Ukrainian state policy is aimed at the formation and strengthening of democratic egalitarian attitudes, as well as the recognition of each person regardless of their physical, mental, or intellectual state. This leads to the expansion of the infrastructure of social rehabilitation institutions to help families raising children with disabilities. The implementation of this strategy lies in the development of a rehabilitation process that takes into account the individual capabilities of each child with problems in physical, intellectual, social, and psychological status. The conclusion was made about the necessity and relevance of developing a program of physical and sports rehabilitation for adolescents with hearing impairments.