Affiliation Motivation Research Articles

The Influence of Achievement Motivation, Affiliation Motivation and Power Motivation through Work Spirit on Employee Performance at Pt. Bpr Penebel

This research was conducted based on field phenomena which indicated that employee performance was not optimal, allegedly caused by weak achievement motivation, affiliation motivation, power motivation and work enthusiasm. The research aims to analyze the influence of achievement motivation, affiliation motivation, power motivation on employee morale and performance. Associative causal research method with a sample of 34 PT employees. BPR Penebel. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is SmartPLS. The research results show that achievement motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, affiliated motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, power motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, achievement motivation has a positive and significant effect on work morale, affiliated motivation has a positive and significant effect on work enthusiasm, power motivation has a positive and significant effect on work morale. For the mediating effect, it was found that work enthusiasm was able to mediate the influence of achievement motivation on employee performance, work enthusiasm was able to mediate the influence of affiliated motivation on employee performance, work enthusiasm was able to mediate the influence of power motivation on employee performance.

Pick your battles: Elite ski-jumpers’ motives affect world cup performance depending on competition type

According to motive disposition theory, athletes high in affiliation motivation should find team contexts more rewarding than individual contexts, and hence perform better in team than in individual competitions. The opposite is predicted for athletes high in power motivation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to test these hypotheses in an elite sample (here: ski jumping athletes) based on archived worldcup competition data from both individual and team competitions on the one hand, and self-reported and projectively assessed motives on the other hand. Results confirmed that even at the highest levels of professional sports, individual differences in motives show systematic relationships to competition performance. First, the negative impact of athletes' projectively assessed affiliation motive in individual competitions was significantly attenuated in team competitions, indicating that these represent more favorable conditions for athletes high in affiliation. Second, the projectively assessed power motive exhibited an overall negative relationship to performance. In contrast, self-reported achievement and affiliation motives showed a positive relationship to performance. These findings attest to the role of personality differences in predicting motor performance variability in elite sports.

Motivational factors for participation in mass running events: a comparative study of females and males with physical disabilities

BackgroundWhile the motivations of individuals without impairments for participating in mass running events are well-documented, there is a lack of current research exploring why people with physical disabilities engage in these events. This study aims to identify the motives for participation among people with physical disabilities, taking into account factors such as sex, age (emerging adults vs. middle-aged adults), time since injury or illness, and mode of movement during the run (wheelchair vs. standing).MethodsIn total, 119 participants (51.3% male; mean age of 36 years) completed the Polish version of the Motivations of Marathoners Scale questionnaire. The study was carried out using the diagnostic survey method. Online survey forms were sent to 31 organizations from the Greater Poland region, including sports clubs for individuals with disabilities and runners’ clubs open to both individuals with and without disabilities.ResultsThis study uncovered distinct motivational differences based on age and mode of movement during the run. For participants aged under 35 compared to those over 35, significant differences were noted in the motives of recognition (Z = − 2.834, p = 0.005) and affiliation (Z = − 2.534, p = 0.011). Similarly, when comparing wheelchair users with standing participants, notable disparities were observed in motives related to weight (Z = − 5.109, p = < 0.001) and personal goal achievement (Z = − 2.613, p = 0.009). There was also a significant positive relationship between the time since injury or illness and five out of nine subscales of the Motivations of Marathoners Scale (i.e. affiliation: r = 0.256, p = 0.007; recognition: r = 0.239, p = 0.011). The study found no significant differences in the motivations between men and women with physical disabilities for participating in mass running events.ConclusionsWhen organizing and promoting running events for people with physical disabilities, it is important to consider factors such as the age of runners, time since injury, and mode of movement during the run. Additionally, it should be noted that no significant differences are found based on gender, indicating that both male and female participants are driven by similar motivations when it comes to participating in these events.

Seeking Connection: Affiliation Motives Underlie the Feminization of Products

Seeking Connection: Affiliation Motives Underlie the Feminization of Products

Impact of sport-specific achievement and affiliation motives on young athletes' dropout and persistence in elite sports

impact of sport-specific achievement and affiliation motives on young athletes' dropout and persistence in elite sports

Motivations to Enhance One’s Facial Hair: Affiliation, Rivalry, and Stress

Facial hair is a sexually dimorphic trait with potential evolutionary and sociocultural functions. Bearded men are perceived as dominant, aggressive, and masculine, but also as having better parenting skills. Men may intentionally manage the amount and shape of their facial hair as a part of their self-promotion strategy; however, facial hair management entails costs in terms of time, effort, and money. We explored psychological factors associated with facial hair enhancement motivation among men. A total of 414 men (aged 18–40 years) reported the current amount of their facial hair along with their facial hair enhancement motivations, gender role stress, intrasexual competitiveness, and fundamental social motives. Willingness to care for facial hair was associated with the amount of facial hair men claimed to have and correlated with the fundamental social motives of affiliation and social status, intrasexual competition, and gender role stress. Therefore, facial hair enhancement may be regarded as a self-presentation strategy aimed at acquiring a beneficial position in social networks.

Dark triad traits, study and power motives among medical students–A cross-sectional study at a German medical faculty

BackgroundA good physician should be empathic and altruistic, among other qualities. Therefore, the levels of socially undesirable personality traits (Dark Triad) as well as implicit motives of achievement, affiliation and power (Multi-Motive Grid) among medical students as future physicians were analyzed at two different points in their medical training. MethodsThis study includes 380 medical students in their first year and 217 in their third year in Germany. All participants completed the Dirty Dozen (DD) and Multi-Motive Grid (MMG) questionnaires at the end of two different classes as paper-and-pencil tests. Relevant differences of the Dark Triad traits between the medical students and reference sample and the two different cohorts, as well as their implicit motives, the associations of Dark Triad traits and MMG components and gender differences of the Dark Triad traits were calculated. ResultsThere were no significant group differences between year one and year three medical students in narcissism, psychopathy and Machiavellianism (Dark Triad). There were no significant differences between the medical students and reference sample except in psychopathy. Male students scored significantly higher in the Dark Triad traits than female students. In the MMG, first-year students scored significantly higher levels in Fear of Rejection, and lower levels in Hope of Success and Hope of Power than the third-year students. Some associations were found between narcissism and Machiavelliansim with Hope of Success, Hope of Power and Fear of power. ConclusionsDark Triad traits already appear to exist before the commencement of medical studies. These traits do not differ significantly between the medical students and reference sample; only a few MMG components seem to differ at different stages of their studies. This lack of differences between the medical students and validation cohort indicates that tests based on (undesirable) personality traits are not suitable criteria for the admission selection of medical students.

Are women entrepreneurs more androgynous than men entrepreneurs? A comparative content analysis of language used by Shark Tank India Judges

ABSTRACT Despite a significant increase in the number of women entrepreneurs in India, it remains a gendered profession. In this study, we aim to re-examine gender dynamics in entrepreneurship by using language as an interpretative tool to assess entrepreneurs’ psychological characteristics – motives, values, and linguistic styles. There has been a lack of academic research that focuses on successful women entrepreneurs. To address this, we specifically focused on seven entrepreneurs, who appeared as judges on Shark Tank India, Season One. Using computer-aided text analysis (LIWC software), we content-analysed 571 Tweets, 328 LinkedIn posts, and 13 media interaction videos (total 436:38 minutes), resulting in 912 individual observations. Results showed evidence of gender maturity in entrepreneurship, suggesting that women entrepreneurs had androgynous stable dispositions of both masculine and feminine characteristics. However, analysis of the media interactions showed that women entrepreneurs are significantly higher on affiliation motive as compared to their counterparts. This paradoxical situation validates the socio-cultural embeddedness where the perceptive portrayal of Indian women entrepreneurs as communal continues to be rooted in deep gender-bias. Interestingly, in terms of language usage, we found that women employed more masculine language than men, facilitating their entry and acceptance in a male-dominated profession.

Individual differences in short-term social dynamics: Theoretical perspective and empirical development of the social dynamics scale

People have a need to form and maintain fulfilling social contact, yet they differ with respect to with whom they satisfy the need and how quickly this need is deprived or overly satiated. These social dynamics across relationships and across time are theoretically delineated in the current article. Furthermore, we developed a questionnaire to measure individual differences in three aspects of such social dynamics: (a) Family-friends interdependence, (b) Social deprivation, and (c) Social oversatiation. In a longitudinal study spanning 9 weeks in spring 2020, in total 471 participants (18–75 years, 47% women) answered the newly developed items on social dynamics, questionnaires on social dispositions (e.g., affiliation motive, need to be alone, social anxiety), and questions on personal and indirect contact with family and friends during nationwide contact restrictions related to COVID-19. The results showed that individual differences in Family-friends interdependence, Social deprivation, and Social oversatiation can be measured reliably, validly, and with predictive value for changes in daily contact as contact restrictions were loosened. We discuss potential applications of the Social Dynamics Scale (SDS) for studying social relationships in healthy and clinical populations, and conclude that the brief self-report questionnaire of social dynamics can be useful for situations and samples where direct behavioral observations are not feasible.

Шкала нарушенных потребностей. Остракизм (подростки, молодежь), ШНПО-ПМ

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;The article provides data on the standardization of the methodology &amp;ldquo;Ostracism Threatened Needs Scale (Adolescent, Youth), OTNS-AY (in Russ.)&amp;rdquo;, which is a modification of the &amp;ldquo;Need Threat Scale&amp;rdquo; methodology (I. van Beest, K.D. Williams, 2006). In the Russian version, OTNS-AY is represented by four subscales: the need for belonging, self-esteem, control and meaningful existence. The study involved 2351 people aged 14 to 25 years (M = 18.4 years, SD = 2.59). Distribution of the sample by gender: male 23.9%, female 75.8%. To assess the internal consistency of the questionnaire subscales, Cronbach&amp;rsquo;s Alpha consistency assessment was used, which showed good consistency of all 4 subscales: &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; (0.83), &amp;ldquo;selfesteem&amp;rdquo; (0.80), &amp;ldquo;control&amp;rdquo; (0.84) and &amp;ldquo;meaningful existence&amp;rdquo; (0.84). The general model of the four first-level factors and two second-level factors questionnaire was tested using confirmatory factor analysis, which showed good fit to the data: SRMR=0,046; CFI=0,99 RMSEA=0,043. To assess external validity, the questionnaires &amp;ldquo;Diagnostics of Affiliation Motives, A. Mehrabian (in Russ.)&amp;rdquo;, &amp;ldquo;Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (in Russ.)&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Purpose-in-Life Test by D. Leontiev (in Russ.)&amp;rdquo; were used. The appendix to the article contains the text of the OTNS-AY (in Russ.) with instructions, key and interpretation.&lt;/p&gt;

Experiencing loneliness in adolescence depending on interpersonal relationships

Introduction. Experiencing loneliness in terms of its influence on personal development of an individual gains particular relevance in adolescence, since it contributes to the evolvement of the awareness of personal responsibility for own life. The purpose of this research is to study the peculiar features of interpersonal relationships, needs for positive emotional contacts and experiencing loneliness in adolescence. Materials and methods. The sample consisted of 30 boys and 30 girls (n = 60 people) aged 15–17 years (M = 16.6), students of secondary school No. 6 in the city of Khabarovsk, Khabarovsk Territory. Techniques: Differential Questionnaire of Loneliness (short version; E.N. Osin, D.A. Leontyev); Method of Subjective Assessment of Interpersonal Relationships (S. V. Dukhnovsky); Diagnostics of Affiliation Motives (A. Mehrabian, modified by M.Sh. Magomed-Eminov). Results. The paper revealed the relationship between the indicators of subjective assessment of interpersonal relationships and general level of loneliness: tension (r = 0.41; p ≤ 0.01); alienation (r = 0.492; p ≤ 0.01); proneness to conflict (r = 0.274; p ≤ 0.05); aggression (r = 0.316; p ≤ 0.05) and general assessment of interpersonal relationships (r = 0.42; p ≤ 0.01). The paper also identified the correlation of indicators of subjective assessment of interpersonal relationships and positive use of solitude: tension (r = 0.273; p ≤ 0.05); alienation (r = 0.27; p ≤ 0.05); proneness to conflict (r = 0.288; p ≤ 0.05); as well as indicators of affiliation motives and dependence on communication (τ = 0.265; p ≤ 0.01). Conclusion. It was found that indicators of tension, alienation, conflict, aggression and general subjective assessment of interpersonal relationships are related to the indicators of the general level of experience of loneliness. The paper proved the dependence of indicators of tension, alienation, proneness to conflict and general subjective assessment of interpersonal relationships with indicators of positive use of the solitude resource. The obtained data will be useful for further scientific endeavors.

Взаимосвязь ценностных оснований, личностных особенностей и характеристик идентичности иностранных студентов в условиях поликультурной образовательной среды

Integration processes have a positive impact on the integration practices of foreign students in a multicultural community. Reducing the risks of interethnic conflict and intolerance is relevant to the task of studying the con-ditions, factors influencing the formation of multicultural identification, and positive adaptation strategies for foreign students in the host community. The article presents the results of an empirical study of value bases of foreign students’ identity in a multicultural educational environment. The structure, content, and styles of identity are studied on a sample of students from Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. The personal characteristics of foreign students influencing adaptation and predicting the experience of identity crisis were considered. The reliability of the results obtained was ensured by mathematical and statistical research methods. The internal determina-tion of identity through individual values, group value orientations, adaptive and compensatory abilities aimed at overcoming the identity crisis, motives for affiliation, and acculturation strategies has been proven.

Подросток в закрытых учреждениях системы образования и ФСИН России: субъективная остракизация, одиночество, мотивы аффилиации и смысложизненные ориентации

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The article describes the comprehensive study results of a subjective ostracization of adolescents who are in conditions of temporary isolation and a number of social needs deprivation (in closed institutions of the educational system and the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia). To achieve the goal, the task was set to compare with a subgroup that differed in living conditions and living conditions in society, with a fully included in society subgroup. The study involved 995 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years (mean age 16&amp;plusmn;1 years, 60% female) from closed and open educational institutions (111 and 884 respondents, respectively). The following methods were used: &amp;ldquo;Ostracism Experience Scale (adolescent, youth)&amp;rdquo;, &amp;ldquo;Diagnostics of Affiliation Motives by A. Mehrabian&amp;rdquo;, &amp;ldquo;Diagnostics of Subjective Feeling of Loneliness Level by D. Russell and M. Ferguson&amp;rdquo;, &amp;ldquo;Self-Esteem Scale by M. Rosenberg&amp;rdquo;, &amp;ldquo;Test of Life Orientations D.A. Leontiev&amp;rdquo;. A paradoxical aspect has been recorded: in the &amp;ldquo;closed organizations&amp;rdquo; subgroup the level of subjective ostracization is lower than in the &amp;ldquo;open organizations&amp;rdquo; group.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

The relationship between affiliation motives and socio-psychological attitudes in psychology students with different learning styles

The relationship between affiliation motives and socio-psychological attitudes in psychology students with different learning styles

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ДИНАМИКИ ПОТРЕБНОСТИ АФФИЛИАЦИИ ПРИ ПЕРЕЖИВАНИИ ЛИЧНОСТЬЮ ЖИЗНЕННЫХ КРИЗИСОВ

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the inevitability and diversity of crises in human life. It is noted that interpersonal relations play a role in the experience and overcoming of life crises. The mechanism of affiliation is identified as a factor influencing interpersonal relationships. This paper presents an analysis of theoretical approaches to understanding this phenomenon and its definition. It is observed that the issues of affiliation and, in particular, the role of affiliation in the experience of stressful situations and life crises are currently underdeveloped. The study of the affiliation motive in the context of experiencing life crises was found to have significant theoretical and applied potential. The objective of the presented research is to analyze the impact of life crises on the expression of the need for affiliation and to test the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the level of expression of the need for affiliation and the temporal distance between the actual life period and the place of the crisis event in the temporal space of the life path of an individual. The data from the content analysis of 390 definitions used by respondents to describe crisis events in their lives are presented. Based on the content analysis, the prevailing semantic units describing the central problem of the respondents' life crises are identified. The study revealed that the most distressing experiences were related to professional activities, family relationships, life changes, Special Military Operation (SMO), financial difficulties, and the illness of a loved one. The study describes specific temporal ranges of experiencing crisis events. It also outlines diagnostics of the state of need for affiliation, which were used to differentiate the total sample into subgroups with high, medium, and low levels of desire for acceptance. The level of affiliation in respondents with different temporal characteristics of experienced life crises was compared. The dynamics of the need for acceptance depending on the temporal indicators of the crisis events was noted. As the acuity of the life crisis increases, the probability of decreasing the need for affiliation increases. The closer in time the crisis is, the less the need for affiliation is formed.

Realization of affiliation goals, interpersonal identity development, and well-being: effects of the implicit affiliation motive among German and Zambian adolescents.

Across various cultural contexts, success in goal realization relates to individuals' well-being. Moreover, commitment to and successful pursuance of goals are crucial when searching for a meaningful identity in adolescence. However, individuals' goals differ in how much they match their implicit motive dispositions. We hypothesized that successful pursuance of affiliation goals positively relates to commitment-related dimensions of interpersonal identity development (domain: close friends) that, in turn, predict adolescents' level of well-being. However, we further assumed that the links between goal success and identity commitment are particularly pronounced among adolescents who are characterized by a high implicit affiliation motive. To scrutinize the generalizability of the assumed relationships, data were assessed among adolescents in individualistic (Germany) and collectivistic (Zambia) cultural contexts. Regardless of adolescents' cultural background, we found that commitment-related dimensions of interpersonal identity development mediate the link between successful attainment of affiliation goals and well-being, particularly among adolescents with a pronounced implicit affiliation motive; that is, the strength of the implicit affiliation motive moderates the association between goal success and identity commitment. We discuss findings concerning universal effects of implicit motives on identity commitment and well-being.

Шкала субъективного остракизма (подростки, молодежь), ШСО-ПМ

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;The paper presents data on the standardization of the &amp;ldquo;Ostracism Experience Scale (adolescent, youth), OES-AY (in Russ.)&amp;rdquo;, which is a modification of the OES-A (R. Gilman et al., 2013). In the Russian version OES-AY is represented by three subscales: ignoring, exclusion, rejection. The study involved 2417 people aged 14 to 25 years (M = 18.36 years, SD = 2.61). Data from a pilot study using the vignette method are presented. Distribution of the sample by gender: male 24.8%, female 75.2%. To assess the internal consistency of the questionnaire subscales, Cronbach&amp;rsquo;s Alpha consistency assessment was used, which showed good consistency of all 3 subscales: &amp;ldquo;Ignoring&amp;rdquo; (0.63), &amp;ldquo;Exclusion&amp;rdquo; (0.83), &amp;ldquo;Rejection&amp;rdquo; (0.62). The general model of the three-factor questionnaire was tested using confirmatory factor analysis, which showed good fit to the data: SRMR=0.04; CMIN/df=9.59; GFI=0.96; IFI=0.95; CFI=0.95; RMSEA=0.06. To assess external validity, the questionnaires &amp;ldquo;Diagnostics of affiliation motives, A. Mehrabian (in Russ.)&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Methodology for diagnosing the level of subjective feeling of loneliness by D. Russell and M. Ferguson (in Russ.)&amp;rdquo; were used. The appendix to the article contains the text of the OES-AY (in Russ.) with instructions, key and interpretation.&lt;/p&gt;

Motives and areas of diaspora philanthropic donation; A study on diaspora community from Kerala, India

Background The purpose of this study was to examine to investigate the motivations behind philanthropic actions among diaspora respondents and gain insights into the areas where the diaspora community channels their donation. Methods The study employed a quantitative research method, collecting primary data from 291 return migrants and migrants on vacation in Malappuram district, Kerala. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to gather quantitative data. Descriptive statistics were utilized to analyze the percentage distribution of philanthropic motives and areas of donation. Cross-tabulations were conducted to explore the relationship between motives for donation and the areas of philanthropic donation based on respondents' background characteristics. Result The study revealed that spiritual and religious motivation, cultural and community affiliation, ethical response, and seriousness of the problem were the major motives inspiring philanthropic activities. Religious and cultural affiliation were higher among older age groups, individuals with lower educational attainment, and those employed in unskilled sectors. Healthcare and medical services, house construction and rehabilitation, education, poverty alleviation, and social welfare activities were the primary areas where the diaspora allocated their resources. Bivariate analysis showed that donors in the below-45 age group had a significantly higher percentage of donations towards education, while those in the above-45 group significantly allocated a higher proportion than their counterparts to religious and social welfare initiatives. Conclusion This study identified diverse motives for philanthropy, with religious and cultural affiliation being prominent. Donations were primarily directed towards healthcare, housing, education, poverty alleviation, and social welfare. The significance of the health sector as a recipient of philanthropic support was evident. These findings emphasize the importance of developing a policy framework that recognizes and supports the different motives and areas of philanthropic giving.

Is it me or others who matter? The interplay between consumer values vis-à-vis status and affiliation motives as shapers of meat alternative interest

This study is about the role of consumers' personal values (Self-enhancement, Openness to change, Self-transcendence, and Conservation) in consumers' interest towards meat alternatives. In addition, the underlying role of two social motives, status and group affiliation are analysed. A conceptual model with hypotheses was developed and validated, and the hypotheses were tested through PLS-SEM with data from four European countries (Finland, the UK, Germany, and Sweden, total N = 3600). The results show that self-focused personal values (Self-enhancement and Openness to change) are not associated with consumers’ interest towards meat alternatives. The case is different with other-focused values. Self-transcendence had a positive connection to interest while Conservation had a negative relationship. Finally, the data suggest an underlying role of social motive status between Self-enhancement and interest and the same for group affiliation between Self-transcendence and Conservation and interest. Based on the results, strategies to support meat alternative adoption such as value activation through priming, cognition and emotion-driven marketing are proposed.

Can L2 motivation be modelled as a self-system? A critical assessment

Some two decades ago, Dörnyei (2005) proposed that motivation for L2 learning could be modelled as a self-system. Despite the profound influence of Dörnyei's scholarship and impact of the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) model, the fundamental premise that motivation for L2 learning can constitute a self-system has escaped critical scrutiny. Highlighting how the self-system constitutes a framework within which self-referential cognition is organized, and that self-appraisal occurs in relation to socially-derived standards (Bandura, 1978; Higgins, 1990), this article critically assesses the utility of a self-system conceptualization. This is accomplished by addressing five problem areas connected with the L2MSS and which relate to the model's self-system conceptualization: the “fantasy problem” (nondifferentiation of desire and fantasy), the “ought-to L2 self problem” (unspecificity of relevant others and internalization processes), the “integrativeness problem” (difficulty of incorporating affiliation motives), the “learning experience problem” (failure to account for relational and biographical influences), and the “context problem” (inadequate modelling of learner–environment interactions). Critical engagement with these problem areas demonstrates how the self-system conceptualization embodied in the L2MSS is tightly circumscribed, and how a self-regulatory system framework can provide greater utility.