Films Research Articles

Social Changes in America: The Silent Cinema Frontier and Women Pioneers

Silent cinema acted as a bridge between early motion pictures and today’s film industry, playing a transformative role in shaping feminist film history and American society. This article explores pioneering American women in the silent film industry who ventured into technology, film culture, marginalized communities, and social movements. Despite the prevalence of racist and sexist propaganda, American silent films were a frontier for innovation, filmmaking, and exploring the New Women concept. This study examines 23 American silent films that have often been overlooked and rarely studied, whereby film analysis generally aligns with established feminist silent film theories. By shedding light on a previously overlooked film directed by May Tully, this study challenges the widespread belief that there existed “no women directors in 1925”. The examination of databases reaffirms American women directors’ contributions to silent films, especially during the early years of the silent film era. The results modify the previous scholarly notion that “influential women directors’ involvement was over by 1925”. Following an initial surge in their active leadership during the early years, influential women directors’ participation was over after 1922, rather than 1925.

Extreme Domain Wall Speeds under Ultrafast Optical Excitation.

Time-resolved ultrafast EUV magnetic scattering was used to test a recent prediction of >10 km/s domain wall speeds by optically exciting a magnetic sample with a nanoscale labyrinthine domain pattern. Ultrafast distortion of the diffraction pattern was observed at markedly different timescales compared to the magnetization quenching. The diffraction pattern distortion shows a threshold dependence with laser fluence, not seen for magnetization quenching, consistent with a picture of domain wall motion with pinning sites. Supported by simulations, we show that a speed of ≈66 km/s for highly curved domain walls can explain the experimental data. While our data agree with the prediction of extreme, nonequilibrium wall speeds locally, it differs from the details of the theory, suggesting that additional mechanisms are required to fully understand these effects.

Determination of microplastics in the wetlands of specific regional area and unveiling the toxic properties of predominant HDPE particle on animal and plant models

Microplastics are emerging environmental pollutants that cause a great threat to all forms of living organisms. However, the information on MPs existence in freshwater sources and its environmental implications on freshwater associated flora and fauna remain limited. Hence, the present study was designed to identify the presence of MPs in the sediments of major wetlands of Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India and to assess the toxicity of predominantly detected MPs in animal and plant models. In this study, six different types of MPs such as filaments (FI), fragments (F), irregular filaments (IF), pellets (P), films (FM) and colored fragments (CF) were identified from the samples through Phase contrast and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Besides, high Density Polyethylene (HDPE) was identified as predominant MPs from the wetlands by micro–Raman spectroscopy analysis and hence, HDPE has been selected for further toxicity assessment studies. In toxicity study, HDPE exposure significantly affected the phenotype, survival and hatching rate, heart shape and function of the zebrafish embryos. Moreover, HDPE toxicity significantly increased the expression pattern of major stress marker genes such as P5CS, CAT, SOD and APX1 in Sorghum bicolor plant. This study spotlighted the presence of MPs in major wetlands of Coimbatore and elucidated the toxicity nature of predominant MPs pollutant HDPE in zebrafish embryos and major agriculture crop S. bicolor as the first report.

SEMIOTIC OF SOUND TECHNIQUE IMPACTING THE UNDERSTANDING IN HORROR GENRE SHORT FILM “HAWA” (2016)

This study analyses the sound technique that is used to analyse the structure of sound in “Hawa”, Directed by Tan Ce Ding in 2016, a short horror film about a girl who is being locked inside her room by her parents due to her infection. Using semiotic analysis, this research studied their sound technique that they employ to convey a message in each scene. To comprehend how the techniques of various noises used in motion pictures, as well as the temporal evolution of sound energy, create an emotional experience for the audience. In the context of multimedia content analysis and indexing, qualitative methodologies have already been applied to horror film soundtracks. It was decided to use a qualitative research strategy, and more precisely, a hybrid technique that combines thematic analysis with semiotics content analysis. This method was chosen because it was necessary to find, code, classify, and count both obvious and latent meanings in the written responses of the audiences. Thematic analysis is used to analyse the audience’s understanding in Hawa film directed by Tan Ce Ding, that can elicit horror understanding and feeling. Such as the existence of diegetic and non-diegetic sound, contrapuntal sound, parallel sound, and sound bridge can imply to the understanding.

Agonistic behavior of the Baikal seal Pusa sibirica (Gmelin, 1788) on a coastal rookery: aggressive and pacifying patterns

The purpose of the article was to describe the agonistic behavior of the Baikal seal Pusa sibirica at the coastal rookery based on the analysis of video materials obtained during continuous fi lming over several seasons at one of the main coastal rookeries on Dolgiy Island (Ushkany Islands, Lake Baikal). The original ethogram of aggressive and pacifying behavior was compiled for the species, including 20 behavioral patterns. Visual patterns play a predominant role in agonistic relations of seals at coastal rookeries. Due to diverse pacifying patterns, the Baikal seal can gather in relatively numerous haul-outs (tens of individuals) in a limited space of coastal rookeries and coexist quite peacefully without causing signifi cant damage to each other, limited to rare minor injuries. Almost all agonistic interactions of seals on coastal rookeries are caused by competition for territory, a limited resource. The most common is front fl ipper swing and fl ipper hit (imitation and contact). The frequency of its use (48–64%) depends on the density and size of the substrate. Frequency of fi ghts in the water is up to 18%. Other commonly used pacifying patterns include tactile infl uences of varying intensity (up to 55%) and descent into the water or fl ight (8–18%).

Business and Management Research on the Motion Picture Industry: A Bibliometric Analysis

The motion picture industry is subject to extensive business and management research conducted on a wide range of topics. Due to high research productivity, it is challenging to keep track of the abundance of publications. Against this background, we employ a bibliographic coupling analysis to gain a comprehensive understanding of current research topics. The following themes were defined: Key factors for success, word of mouth and social media, organizational and pedagogical dimensions, advertising—product placement and online marketing, tourism, the influence of data, the influence of culture, revenue maximization and purchase decisions, and the perception and identification of audiences. Based on the cluster analysis, we suggest the following future research opportunities: Exploring technological innovations, especially the influence of social media and streaming platforms in the film industry; the in-depth analysis of the use of artificial intelligence in film production, both in terms of its creative potential and ethical and legal challenges; the exploration of the representation of wokeness and minorities in films and their cultural and economic significance; and, finally, a detailed examination of the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and other crises on the film industry, especially in terms of changed consumption habits and structural adjustments.

Real Time FPGA Implementation of an Efficient High Speed Harris Corner Detection Algorithm Based on High-Level Synthesis

Computer vision systems use corner detection to identify features in an image. In applications such as motion detection, tracking, picture registration, and object recognition, corner detection is often one of the initial steps. In this paper, a real-time image processing system based on Harris corner detection was designed and implemented using Zynq architecture and model-based design tools. The system was based on a development board containing the Zynq-7000 chip, which consists of a combination of FPGA and microprocessor, and the image taken with a high-resolution camera was processed in real-time by applying color conversion and Harris corner detection. The filter hardware designs used in the system were made using the HDL Coder tool in Matlab/Simulink without writing HDL code. The hardware that receives images from the camera was designed on a model-based basis with the Xilinx Vivado 2020. The HDL code that was implemented on the Xilinx ZedBoard using Vivado software was then validated to ensure real-time operation with the incoming video stream. The results achieved exhibited superiority compared to prior implementations in terms of area efficiency (reduced number of gates on the target FPGA) and speed performance on an identical target card. Using the rapid prototyping approach, two alternative hardware accelerator designs were created using various high-level synthesis tools. This design used less than 50% of the host FPGA's logic resources and was at least 30% faster than current implementations.

The application of immersive multimedia information technology in the teaching of vocal music

Abstract In this paper, immersive multimedia information technology is utilized to perform frame-splitting and window-adding operations on vocal signals in college vocal music teaching to facilitate the extraction of vocal signal features. According to the Principal Component Analysis feature space projection and Relief feature selection, the vocal emotion regression model combining multimedia information technology is constructed, and the structure of the vocal emotion regression model and its teaching application are explored in the vocal emotion regression model. Determine the research object and method, according to the research program on the integration of multimedia information technology of vocal music teaching research design and implementation, and the use of statistical analysis of multimedia information technology-based vocal music teaching empirical analysis. The results show that the subjects had the best emotional experience with an emotional immersion degree of 5.651 when the music of the calm category and the visual music motion picture of the calm category constituted the visual music and the vocal music immersion based on the vocal music emotional regression model of “combining multimedia information technology” was significantly enhanced when the emotional type of the music and the emotional type of the dynamic picture of the visual music was the same. This study carries out college vocal music teaching based on students’ emotional characteristics, which is of great significance to improve the quality of college vocal music teaching and students’ musical literacy.

The Employment of Figurative Language in a Motion Picture Artwork

This study aimed at finding out the use of figurative language in an artwork, specifically movie called Toy Story 3. The method used in this study was descriptive qualitative which provided the necessary data analysis to gain the information needed from the movie. The data soure was movie entitled Toy Story 3 with xxxx minutes in length. In collecting data, the researcher used document analysis; later in daa analysis, the interactive analysis consisting of data reduction, data display, and dat verification was employed. Te result shows that there are three types of figurative language consisted in the movie: Metaphor, Simile, and Hyperbole. The metaphors were used to describe something by comparing it with other objects, Hyperbole ws employed iin order to make the language used in the film increase a child's imagination to infinity, and Simile usage enhances the sentences to spark the curiosity of the audience—merely children. Then, it was aso found that regarding the frequency, Metaphor occurs nine times and represents 60%, Hyperbole occurs five times and represents 33%, and Simile occurs one time and represents 7%. Iin conclusion, The movie Toy Story 3 used only a few figurative speeches because the target audience is children, hence simple forms of language uses are utilized.

Ambivalence of entertainment: the Cold War and pro-communist Mandarin cinema

ABSTRACT Colonial Hong Kong was a transregional hub of Cold War ideological confrontation. The United States and its Chinese ally, Chiang Kai-shek’s Taiwan, struggled with Beijing for the hearts of overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia and around the world. Pro-Communist émigré cinema in the mid-twentieth century was a prime cultural manifestation of this Cold War contest. After an initial period of radicalization and antagonism, the pro-Communist studios in Hong Kong gradually shifted to a moderate approach whose goal was not to undermine British colonial rule or espouse revolutionary ideologies. Rather, the new strategy was one of flexibility and restraint that aimed to maintain a strategic presence in the local film industry and serve as a point of contact for overseas Chinese. Later, with the emergence of two pro-Free China giant studios, Motion Pictures & General Investment Co. Ltd. and Shaw Brothers, the cinematic ecosystem in Hong Kong was significantly altered. In order to hold on to their market presence in an increasingly more competitive environment, pro-Communist film companies embraced a more entertainment-oriented ethos and experimented with various popular genres, while struggling to remain truthful to their ideal of “guiding people to do good.” With in-depth analysis of two popular films by Zhu Shilin, The Dividing Wall (Yibang zhi ge) and Sweet as Honey (Tiantian mimi), this essay seeks to historicize the ways in which the Beijing-sponsored film establishment in 1950s Hong Kong negotiated and balanced a changing set of political, ideological, and commercial interests in pursuit of its strategic mission.

정동진독립영화제의 상상력 구조와 의미에 대한 연구

This paper examined the imaginative structure of films screened at the 25th Jeongdongjin Independent Film Festival in 2023. A total of 22 films were screened at this fi lm festival, including 19 short fi lms, 1 feature fi lm, and 1 film festival support film. Among these works, seven works whose imaginative structure was easy to identify and whose narrative structure was clear were examined. Just as there is an explanation that the human unconscious is structured by language or libido that created the works submitted to this year's Jeongdongjin Independent Film Festival.
 The typical imaginative structures that appeared commonly at this film festival. Structures were paradox and human insight. The roots was love for humanity and family. It seems necessary to characterize fi lm festivals with specific themes. It may be necessary to plan with specialized themes such as family or the sea. Operating a children's film class program can also be considered, and it is also worth considering adding a program in the nature of a silver class.

Recommendation system based on a compact hybrid user model

The object of research is the process of recommending items to the system user and improving the recommendation results. The principle of the recommendation system and the stages of creating recommendations are considered. The article describes various methods of filtering information to generate personalized recommendations. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods are revealed. Therefore, taking into account both theoretical and practical aspects, it is important to conduct research in order to correct the limitations characteristic of various filtering methods. A compact hybrid user model has been proposed for the collaborative filtering method of information. This model overcomes the limitations often encountered when using traditional approaches and allows for more efficient generation of personalized recommendations. For a visual example of the described approach, the recommender system of motion pictures was taken. This model combines user ratings with descriptions of the content of objects and uses the concept of genre interest rate, which was obtained by deriving formulas for calculating a hybrid feature, that is, an indicator of how much the user is interested in a particular genre. This facilitates the formation of a set of close associates for an active user. The proposed approach is aimed at ensuring high accuracy of recommendations in the system, reducing the requirements for computing resources and effectively using information about the content of objects. The hybrid model combines the benefits of memory-based collaborative filtering and model-based recommender systems, providing accuracy and scalability. Several examples with calculation results are given. A conclusion was drawn regarding the potential improvement of the quality of recommendations, taking into account the capabilities of the developed algorithm.

Thermoplastic film materials for damping in mechanical engineering

An effective way of damping engineering structures is to use elements formed by a combination of hard and soft alternating layers. The outer rigid layers, made of structural materials, take up force infl uences, while the soft layers of viscoelastic polymers provide energy dissipation of the layered structure. The paper summarizes the results of research on the development of thin thermoplastic fi lms of plasticized polyvinyl acetate, polybutylmethacrylate and polymethylmethacrylate which have ultra-high dissipative properties and are used as a vibration-absorbing component of composite structures. It is shown that high damping properties are realized in fi lms with thickness of 0.1 –0.05 mm, which makes it possible to obtain two- and three-layer vibration-absorbing films with an extended temperature interval of effective damping in the metal-polymer-metal structures.

TAEKWONDO POSE ESTIMATION WITH DEEP LEARNING ARCHITECTURES ON ONE-DIMENSIONAL AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL DATA

Practicing sports is an activity that helps people maintain and improve their health, enhance memory and concentration, reduce anxiety and stress, and train teamwork and leadership ability. With the development of science and technology, artificial intelligence in sports has become increasingly popular with the public and brings many benefits. In particular, many applications help people track and evaluate athletes' achievements in competitions. This study extracts images from Taekwondo videos and generates skeleton data from frames using the Fast Forward Moving Picture Experts Group (FFMPEG) technique using MoveNet. After that, we use deep learning architectures such as Long Short-Term Memory Networks, Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory, and Long-term Recurrent Convolutional Networks to perform the poses classification tasks in Taegeuk in Jang lessons. This work presents two approaches. The first approach uses a sequence skeleton extracted from the image by Movenet. Second, we use sequence images to train using video classification architecture. Finally, we recognize poses in sports lessons using skeleton data to remove noise in the image, such as background and extraneous objects behind the exerciser. As a result, our proposed method has achieved promising performance in pose classification tasks in an introductory Taekwondo lesson.

Film Review: Jagun Jagun, Nigeria, 2023. Produced by Euphoria 360 Media. Netflix. 129 minutes, Yoruba (with English subtitles). No price reported. Directed by Tope Adebayo and Adebayo Tijani

I intend to argue in this review that the Yoruba film Jagun Jagun represents the transition of the Yoruba Travelling Theatre into the big screen motion picture. It has been a remarkable transformation from stage crafts to filmic crafts, while still retaining the “family” involvement in the vibrant business innovations of the New Nollywood. Doing this focuses on configuring the interface between technology and entrepreneurship with its attendance use of traditional visual elements, songs, dance, imageries, metaphors and other Yoruba poetic renditions for aesthetic values. However, it is noted that the inappropriate mingling of both traditional and modern visual effects influenced by the Western postmodernist style in filmic framing, composition, sound, music and war combat mode. Generally, the film occludes the postcolonial thematic relevance in the modern political African leaders in their visionless Machiavellian ideology.

Playing Dead: Eadweard Muybridge’s Residential Photo Albums and Spiritualist Aesthetics

Abstract Eadweard Muybridge, whose studies of animals in motion precipitated the first motion pictures, has been associated with positivism, modernism, and masculinity. Late nineteenth-century spiritualism has been associated with mysticism, Victorianism, and femininity. These associations make the Kate and Robert Johnson Residential Photo Album, photographed by Muybridge, a compelling artifact. The album is an anomaly in both Muybridge’s career and within spiritualism. Along with preserving images of the Johnsons’ domestic space, it also features astonishing images that are the only known examples of spirit photography by Muybridge. Because the couple was alive and took turns posing as the spirits, these photographs are an anomaly within spiritualism as well since spirit photographs generally constituted proof of contact with the netherworld. As such, the artifact helps us reevaluate the relationship between nineteenth-century positivism and spiritualism and consider the aesthetic influence of the sitter Kate Johnson on the album’s production. This article also places the album in the context of other visual culture phenomena, such as scrapbooking and album practices, as well as museum aesthetics. Finally, it considers narratives of gender, sexuality, and the nuclear family, within and beyond the album itself and the discourses surrounding spiritualism.

Archiving the Past, Painting the Present

This paper focuses on the representations of diversity and feminism in the French fi lm Portrait of a Lady on Fire (Portrait de la jeune fi lle en feu, 2019), directed by Céline Sciamma. Set in the 18th century, this fi lm addresses numerous contemporary issues through a feminist lens. This paper views Portrait of a Lady on Fire as a visual archive in the history of feminist and queer cinema, creating dialogues between the past and present. Concurrently, using Céline Sciamma as an entry point, the paper also explores the female authorship in the 21st-century French cinema.

The Society of Motion Pictures and Television Engineers Officers

The Society of Motion Pictures and Television Engineers Officers

Russian Musicals Against the Background of the History of the Genre

The article presents a generalisation of some features of Russian musical in the context of its history. Against the background of the worldwide promotion of the genre, musical in Russia has its own distinctive features and original history. The notable role in it was played by the “Thea-Jazz” of the artist, singer and conductor Leonid Utesov and the fi rst musical fi lm comedy “Jolly Fellows” (1934) directed by Grigory Alexandrov with the participation of Utesov and his band (the music by Isaac Dunaevsky). The further fate of Russian musicals is also associated with the parallel development of the musical fi lm genre, on the one hand, and theatrical performances in Soviet theatres of outstanding examples of foreign composers, on the other hand. Acquaintance with such works as the jazz opera “Porgy and Bess” by George Gershwin, “The Threepenny Opera” by Kurt Weill, the “My Fair Lady” musical by Frederick Loewe and “West Side Story” by Leonard Bernstein increased the interest of composers and the public in the genre and led to the appearance of their own successful versions.

EXPERIMENTAL ANIMATIONS IN INDIA: AN EMERGING NEW MEDIA ART FORM

Since the beginning of civilization, humans have always been inquisitive about ways to uniquely express their sides of stories. Traditional Art forms like drawing, painting, sculpting, literature, music, and many others have helped to make it possible. More unconventional new art possibilities have emerged with the introduction of new technologies and industrial revolutions. Motion Pictures and Animation are the two most fascinating forms of artistic expression in these areas.Often, animation is considered a fascinating medium of entertainment for kids and the younger generation. However, many artists have demonstrated that it also has enormous potential to articulate and express life experiences and their minds creatively. As Walt Disney rightly said Animation can explain whatever the mind of men can conceive Thomas (1912-2004). It can take you as far as human imagination can go.This paper delves into how animation has been used as an alternative medium in contemporary New Media Art practices in India. It explores the potential of animation as a medium for creative expression and representation of complex ideas, and how it reflects changes in society brought about by technological advancements. The paper examines the approaches and experiments of Indian contemporary artists, such as Akbar Padamsee, Nalini Malani, and Vivan Sundaram, who have used animation to break free from the confines of traditional mediums and push the boundaries of visual storytelling through technology-based art.