Mother Bulb Research Articles

Bulb production of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa Linn.) cv. Prajwal as influenced by NPK, FYM, and vermicompost

Commercial bulb production is an important aspect in the floriculture industry for ornamental Plants propagated through bulbs, asexually. Production of optimum bulb size is crucial in tuberose, as it influences the plant characteristics, flowering and yield parameters. The present study investigated the response of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa Lin.) to organic amendments (FYM, vermicompost) and recommended dose of NPK in terms of bulb production. The experiment consisted of 11 treatments and was replicated 3 times. The treatment combinations were T1 (Control), T2 (Recommended dose of NPK/60:30:45 kg/ha), T3 (FYM @25 tons/ha), T4 (FYM @50 tons/ha), T5 (FYM @75 tons/ha), T6 (Vermicompost @10 tons/ha), T7 (Vermicompost @20 tons/ha), T8 (Vermicompost @30 tons/ha), T9 (FYM + Vermicompost @25 tons/ha + 10 tons/ha), T10 (FYM + Vermicompost @50 tons/ha + 20 tons/ha) and T11 (FYM + Vermicompost @75 tons/ ha + 30 tons/ha). Treatment T11 had the highest bulblet the world diameter, mother bulb diameter (4.69 cm), bulblet weight (7.34 g), mother bulb weight (69.02 g), maximum number of bulbs/clump (29.10), clump weight (214.44 g) and 1.50 kg bulb yield/unit area. Thus, treatment T11 was found to be the best treatment combination among all the treatments in terms of bulb production

Exploring the Role of Calcium in the Physiology of Tulipa: A Comparative Study across Different Cultivars

Cut tulip flower production, typically cultivated using hydroponic systems, often faces the challenge of stem toppling due to calcium (Ca) deficiency in the nutrient solution. Growers generally grow various tulip cultivars to meet market demands. In hydroponic production, plants require precise nutrient concentrations to promote growth and development, as the food reserves in the mother bulb are insufficient and vary depending on the plant cultivar. This study aimed to assess the impact of different tulip cultivars and Ca deficiency on tulip growth, flowering, and physiological changes. Two cultivars of tulip, namely, ‘Strong Gold’ and ‘Orange Juice’, were subjected to three distinct nutrient solution treatments, namely (1) deionized water (DI) only (without any plant nutrition added), (2) complete solution (Hoagland’s complete nutrient solution), and (3) Ca deficiency solution. The results indicate that the ‘Orange Juice’ tulip was particularly susceptible to Ca deficiency, exhibiting stem toppling and flower abortion similar to those grown in DI. Ca deficiency led to a reduction in root length and leaf area but did not affect the plant height. Additionally, it had a negative impact on bulb qualities, resulting in a decreased bulb fresh weight and bulb circumference in both tulip cultivars. Furthermore, Ca deficiency and DI reduced the photosynthetic rates, and Ca deficiency increased the transpiration rate in the tulip. The leaf concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and Ca were decreased under Ca deficiency and DI, while magnesium (Mg) levels increased under Ca deficiency treatment compared to the complete nutrient solution treatment.

Determination of appropriate planting time for better seed yield of onion (Allium cepa) varieties at selected districts of Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Onion is among the important vegetable crops commercially grown both by large and small scale farmers in Ethiopia as well as Arba Minch area. Its seed production (high seed yield and quality) depends on a number of factors such as planting date, bulb size, varieties, soil fertility, growing environments, plant population and adequate plant protection measures. Among these factors, planting time, varieties and growing environment are believed to have a remarkable influence on seed production of onion. The main objective of this study is to determine appropriate planting time for onion seed production and to select high seed yielder onion variety. Mother bulb was produced during June to August and the bulbs are stored in diffused light storage (DLS) about 3o days. Field experiment was conducted in Gamo Zone, Mirab Abaya woreda for two successive years (2021 - 2022) using spacing of 40cm x 20cm in Plot size of 3m x 2m.The experiment consisted of two varieties (Bombay red & Nafis) and four planting times (Mid September, Early October, Late October & Early November) in completely randomized block design in factorial arrangement replicated three times. ANOVA revealed that highly significant differences among treatments (P<0.01) were observed for most characters studied. Mean performance of combined result indicated that variety Bombay red planted in mid October gave highest seed yield (1178.3 kg/ha) whereas the lowest seed yield was recorded from the same variety planted at early October (415.0 kg/ha). Therefore, variety mid October is recommended as a suitable planting time of seed production for variety Bombay red and to be popularized in the study area for better onion seed yield production.

The effect of planting date and mother bulb size on seed quality and quantity of (Allium cepa) Texas Early Grano 502 onion variety in Frieden, Esfahan

The effect of planting date and mother bulb size on seed quality and quantity of (Allium cepa) Texas Early Grano 502 onion variety in Frieden, Esfahan

Study of the Phenology of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Grown in Soilless Media under Protected Environment

Traditionally grown in soil, saffron cultivation has been plagued by limited arable land, variable climate conditions, and soil-borne diseases. Phenological studies of the crop during each of its growth stages are crucial for mitigating the detrimental consequences of climate change, to which saffron crop is extremely susceptible. These also help in anticipating the future farming systems that involve crop cultivation methods, irrigation, field, and crop management. In this study, we assess the adaptability of saffron to soilless cultivation. In order to evaluate the performance of saffron grown in soilless media, a crop experiment was carried out over the course of two years, beginning in 2020 and continuing into 2021. Bulbs were planted in plastic polytunnels under two experimental treatments viz. soil-based (PS1) and soilless (PS2), supplemented with adequate nutrients. To evaluate the performance of saffron in soilless culture and to compare it with protected soil-based cultivation, saffron growth indicators were measured a total of twenty-five times at intervals of around twenty days during the entire growing period. The study of growth indices demonstrated that the PS2 (protected soilless cultivation) outperformed PS1 (protected soil-based cultivation) in terms of growth of organs (foliage, roots, mother bulbs, daughter bulbs) and biomass accumulation. In light of these findings, it has been demonstrated that soilless cultivation can be an effective method for the production of saffron.

EFFECT OF BULB SIZES AND VARIETIES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF ONION SEEDS

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most important spice and vegetable crops under the family Alliaceae. Size of mother bulbs influenced the yield and quality of seeds. Yield of onion seed crop increases with the dimensional increase in bulb size. The study was conducted at Natore District from November 2014 to April 2016 to study the effect of bulb sizes and varieties on growth, yield and quality of onion seed production. This experiment comprised of two factors namely, three sizes of mother bulb viz., large size (21-30g), medium size (11-20g), small size (5-10g) and five onion varieties viz., the Taherpuri, the Jhitka, the BARI Piaz-1, the BARI Piaz-2 and the BARI Piaz-4 and followed RCBD with three replications. In this experiment, it was found that there were highly significant variations in all the parameters due to the effect of bulb sizes. The largest sized bulb (21-30 g) produced the highest values of all studied parameters. In case of different varieties, the highest values of all parameters were found from the BARI Piaz-4, while the lowest results were found from the Jhitka. The combined effect of bulb sizes and variety found highly significant on all the parameter studied. The BARI Piaz-4 with large sized bulb (21-30g) produced the highest values while lowest results were recorded from the treatment combinations of small sized bulb (5-10g) with the Jhitka. It is recommended to use large bulb size (21-30g) with the BARI Piaz-4 in the research area for confirmation.

Bulb Size Effects on Flowering and Bulb Production of Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Single

A field experiment was executed under sub-tropical conditions during the period from April 2020 to March 2021 to observe the effects of bulb sizes on the flower and bulb yield of tuberose cv. single. The experiment consisted of three bulb sizes namely, a small-sized bulb (1.0-1.5 cm in diameter); a medium-sized bulb (1.6-2.5 cm in diameter) and large sized bulb (2.6-3.0 cm in diameter). Results disclosed that plant height, the number of leaves plant-1, leaf length and breadth, the number of lateral shoots plant-1, production of bulbs plant-1, bulb length and diameter, bulb yield both plant-1 and hectare-1, length of rachis, spike length and diameter, the number of florets spike-1 and flower yield both spike-1 and hectare-1 were increased with the increment of bulb sizes. The longest plant, highest leaf production, larger leaf, bulb production plant-1, bulb size and bulb yield both plant-1 and hectare-1, rachis length, spike length and diameter, number of flowers spike-1, flower yield both spike-1 and hectare-1 were recorded in large sized mother bulb. In contrast, the lowest above the studied parameters were obtained in small-sized mother bulbs. So, large-sized bulbs can be used for commercial production of flowers and bulb of single cv. of tuberose.

Effect of Biofertilizer and Inorganic Fertilizer on Growth and Productivity of Shallot (Allium cepa L.)

Shallots are categorized as a national priority commodity as a kitchen spice needed every day. Shallots are a commodity that the production continues to increase from year to year. National shallot production increased by 4.9% from 2018 production of 1,502,436 tons and for the North Sumatra region it increased by 7.5% from 2018 production of 113,864 tons (BPS, 2019). This study aims to determine the effect of biofertilizer and inorganic fertilizer on the production of shallots (Allium cepa L.) using mini bulbs and mother bulbs on inceptisol soils in the Practice Field of the Medan Agricultural Development Polytechnic (Polbangtan Medan). This research was conducted from June to October 2021 at Polbangtan Medan. The study used a factorial randomized block design with three replicates and 18 treatment combinations of treatment dosage of organic fertilizer and biofertilizer treatment. Observation parameters in this study were soil analysis, plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, wet weight, and dry weight. The results of soil analysis on parameters N-total (0.11%) in the low category, C-Organic (0.97%) in the low category, CEC (18.85) in the medium category, pH (7.01) in the neutral category, and Bray II (69.71) high category. This study revealed that the application of biological fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer had no significant effect on all observation parameters, both growth and tuber yield. For the Sanren variety, it is recommended that 5 ml/L of biofertilizer and 75% dose of inorganic fertilizer because it showed the best conditions for the parameters of the number of leaves, wet weight of the sample, and plot. For the Lokananta variety, it is recommended that 10 ml/L of biological fertilizer and 25% dose of inorganic fertilizer because it showed the best conditions for the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, and wet weight of the sample, and plot.

Physiological and metabolic analysis in mother bulbs of Lilium davidii var. unicolor during growth and development

Physiological and metabolic analysis in mother bulbs of Lilium davidii var. unicolor during growth and development

Degradation characteristics of biodegradable film and its effects on soil nutrients in tillage layer, growth and development of taro and yield formation

This study investigated the degradation characteristics of different biodegradable film and its effects on soil nutrients in tillage layer, growth and development of taro and yield formation. Field experiment with biodegradable films, including poly-(butylene adipate-co-butylene terephthalate) PBAT, (poly-carbon dioxide) PCO2, (poly propylene carbonate) PPC, as well as common mulch film (CK1) and uncovered mulch film (CK2) were conducted on Longxiang taro in 2020 and 2021 respectively. The degradation rate of the three biodegradable films was PBAT > PPC > PCO2. Compared with CK1, the alkali-hydrolyzed N of PBAT at the growth stage and fruiting stage significantly increased in 2020 and 2021, respectively (both, P < 0.05). The average content of available P of PPC at seedling stage was higher than that in PCO2, and CK1 was significantly decreased compared with that in CK2 (all, P < 0.05). The content of soil available K and organic matter in different growth stages of taro in all film mulching treatments were decreased in comparison to CK2. Moreover, compared with CK2, PCO2 biodegradable film significantly increased plant height at seedling and growth stage, stem diameter at growth stage, and leaf area index at fruiting stage (all, P < 0.05). Similarly, the yield of mother and filial bulbs of PPC, PCO2 and PBAT were significantly higher than those of CK2 in 2020 and 2021, respectively (all, P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were found in starch, polysaccharide and protein contents among different treatments. The three biodegradable films, especially PCO2, can significantly affect soil nutrient content, promote plant growth and improve taro yield.

The influence of onion (Allium cepa L.) mother bulb production conditions on subsequent plant growth and seed quality

The late planting of onions practiced by farmers has decreased the yield and quality of onion seed. This experiment was conducted during 2019 and 2020 at agricultural research farm of Kabul University to study the effect of mother bulb production conditions on subsequent plant growth and seed yield and quality. The study was designed in Randomized Complete Block Design and data for different agronomic traits, flowering habits, seed yield and seed quality were recorded. The recorded data were statistically analyzed with STAR software. The highest leaf area per plant (994.38 cm2) and leaf area index (0.83) were recorded for the plants obtained from mother bulbs grown on 10th March in deep ploughed flat beds. The highest number of flowering stalks per plant (3.83) was recorded for the plants produced from the mother bulbs grown on 10th March in shallow ploughed double row raised beds, it was on far with the plants obtained from the mother bulbs grown on 10th March in deep ploughed flat beds. The highest seed yield (737.27 Kg/Ha) was recorded for the plants obtained from mother bulbs grown on 10th March in shallow ploughed flat beds. This was on far with the seed yield of the plants obtained from the mother bulbs grown on 10th March in deep ploughed flat beds. The results reveal that, mother bulbs produced under early planting dates and deep ploughed flat-bed conditions are more appropriate to produce vigorous plants and higher seed yield of onion. Keywords: Flowering stalks, Growth response, Seed germination, Seed yield &nbsp;

Changes of starch and sucrose content and related gene expression during the growth and development of Lanzhou lily bulb.

As the main forms of carbohydrates, starch and sucrose play a vital role in the balance and coordination of various carbohydrates. Lanzhou lily is the most popular edible lily in China, mainly distributed in the central region of Gansu. To clarify the relationship between carbohydrate metabolism and bulb development of Lanzhou lily, so as to provide a basis for the promotion of the growth and development in Lanzhou lily and its important economic value, we studied lily bulbs in the squaring stage, flowering stage, half withering stage and withering stage. The plant height, fresh weight of mother and daughter bulbs continued to increase during the whole growth period and fresh weight of stem and leaf began to decrease in the half withering stage. The content of starch, sucrose and total soluble sugar in the lily mother bulb accumulated mostly in the flowering, withering and half withering stages, respectively. Starch, sucrose and total soluble sugar accumulated in the daughter bulb with the highest concentration during the withering stage. In the transcription level, sucrose synthase (SuSy1) and sucrose invertase (INV2) expressed the highest in squaring stage, and the expression was significantly higher in the mother bulb than in the daughter bulb. In flowering stage, the expression levels of soluble starch synthase (SSS1), starch-branching enzyme (SBE) and adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP1) genes were higher in the mother bulb than in the daughter bulb. Altogether, our results indicate that starch and sucrose are important for the bulb growth and development of Lanzhou lily.

Jasmonic acid biosynthetic genes TgLOX4 and TgLOX5 are involved in daughter bulb development in tulip (Tulipa gesneriana).

Tulip bulbs are modified underground stems that originate from axillary meristems of mother bulb scales. Hormones, including jasmonic acids (JAs), play key roles in the regulation of tulip bulb development. Here, we compared variations in daughter bulb development through transcriptomic profiling analysis and characterized the functions of JA biosynthesis-related genes during daughter bulb enlargement. The results showed that tulip cultivars exhibited contrasting bulb size variations. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that genes involved in plant hormones and development, including the two lipoxygenase genes TgLOX4 and TgLOX5, showed significant changes in expression following tulip bulb growth. Ectopic overexpression of TgLOX4 and TgLOX5 in Arabidopsis enhanced endogenous JA content, improved plant growth, and increased lateral root numbers. Silencing of these two genes in tulip repressed the growth of daughter bulbs. Furthermore, exogenous JA treatment promoted tulip bulb growth, whereas the JA biosynthesis inhibitor sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DIECA) inhibited this process. This study offers supporting evidence for the involvement of tulip TgLOX4 and TgLOX5 in the regulation of daughter bulb growth and development.

Combined Effects of Vernalization and Gibberellic Acid on Quality Seed Production of Summer Onion (Allium cepa L.)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of vernalization and GA3 on seed yield and reproductive quality of summer onion. There were three vernalization treatments viz., no vernalization (control), vernalization at 5°C for 14 days and vernalization at 10°C for 14 days and four GA3 treatment viz., 0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm. The two-factor experiment was conducted in the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Combination between vernalization and GA3 was significant on the parameters such as plant height, number of leaves plant-1, the highest number of flowering stalk, number of umbels plant-1, number of bud umbel-1, percent flowering at 45 and 60 DAP, number of seeds umbel-1, weight of seeds umbel-1, weight of seeds plant-1, weight of seeds plot-1, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, number of fruits umbel-1, percent of fruit set umbel-1and percent germination. Combined effect of vernalization &amp; GA3 was considered the highest seed yield (280.42 kgha-1) was obtained from vernalization at 5°C for 14 days with 100 ppm GA3. The lowest values of all the parameters were recorded in the control treatment. No limitation is found in the present experiment. Combined use of proper vernalization of mother bulb and suitable concentration of gibberellic acid can be one possible way to expand onion production during the summer.

Planting depth - effective agricultural practice perventing lodging of seedstalks of onion seeds

At the breeding site of the winter onion variety Ellan, the effect of the planting depth of mother bulbs of two fractions on lodging of stems and seed productivity was studied. It was found that in winter, with the depth of planting the bulbs in the soil horizon, the processes of differentiation and the formation of microstalks noticeably slow down, and the biochemical composition of the bulbs shows a decrease in the activity of metabolic processes. Thanks to this and the buffering properties of the soil, the safety of plants in winter is very high when planted to a depth of 15 cm. Deeper planting has a negative effect on the growth of leaves. At a planting depth of 15-20 cm, the stems remain upright due to the soil layer. The angle of inclination of 82 ... 86% of the stems is not more than 450 and occupies no more than 50 cm of the width of the projection of the row. When planted to a depth of 10 cm, the stems crumble, agronomic measures, the phytosanitary state of seed production and harvesting are hampered. It was found that the effect of bulb size on seed productivity of one stem is 42%. The increase in planting for the yield of one plant and the yield is 44 ... 45%. When setting seed onions, it is recommended to plant uterine bulbs to a depth of 15 cm. This planting depth ensures the maximum safety of the bulbs in winter, excludes lodging of the stems and the maximum possible seed yield. There is no need for additional hilling or tying of the stems, as with a planting depth of 10 cm.

VERNALIZATION AND GIBBERELLIC ACID RESPONSE IN SUMMER ONION’S (ALLIUM CEPA L.) REPRODUCTIVE PHASES

The present study was aimed at determining the effect of vernalization and Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on seed yield and quality of summer onion. There were three vernalization treatments viz., no vernalization (control), vernalization at 5°C for 14 days and vernalization at 10°C for 14 days and four GA3 treatment viz., 0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm. The two-factor experiment was laid out in the Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The results of the experiment showed that the vernalization and GA3 had significant influence on all the parameters studied. Solitary Effect of vernalization and GA3 was significant on the parameters such as plant height, number of leaves plant-1, the highest number of flowering stalk, number of umbels plant-1, number of bud umbel-1, percent flowering at 45 and 60 DAP, number of seeds umbel-1, weight of seeds umbel- 1, weight of seeds plant-1, weight of seeds plot-1, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, number of fruits umbel-1, percent of fruit set umbel-1and percent germination. The highest seed yield (248.16 kg ha-1) was obtained from vernalization at 5°C for 14 days. The lowest values of all the parameters were recorded at control treatment. The highest seed yield (191.77 kgha-1) was obtained from 100 ppm GA3. The lowest values of all the parameters were recorded in the 0 ppm GA3 treatment. Use of suitable vernalization of mother bulb and proper concentration of gibberellic acid can be a possible way to expand onion production at the time of summer.

INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE, MYCORRHIZAL APPLICATION AND BULB SEPARATION ON THE GROWTH OF THE WILD ORCHID ANACAMPTIS PYRAMIDALIS

Pyramidal orchid (Anacamptis pyramidalis) is a wild terrestrial orchid widelyfound in Lebanon and the Mediterranean zone. Random collection and trade of theorchid for medicinal and edible use (salep) subjected it to a risk of extinction.Consequently, the current work aimed to propagate this orchid in vivo. Orchidbulbs were transplanted from the wild into four different soil substrates (Pinebark,Pinebark-Peat (1/1), Peat-Sand (1/1) and control: soil from the collection site)under controlled conditions of temperature and humidity. The effect of mycorrhizalapplication (MY: Yes) was tested in the different substrates except in control andorchid bulbs (son bulb and mother bulb) were planted combined (SB+MB) or afterseparation of the mother bulb (SB). Same treatments were repeated over twoconsecutive years. Results showed an earlier emergence of son bulbs (SB) grownin control substrate. Moreover, there was a significant difference in plant growthwith superiority for (SB) compared to (SB+MB) regarding plant length andelongation of first leaf except bulb dimensions (length and width) that were higherin (SB+MB). Mycorrhizal application enhanced the overall growth of plants and itseffect was the most obvious in the substrate Peat-Sand (1/1). In general, the bestgrowth of the orchid was observed at the level (SB)/(MY:Yes)/Peat-Sand (1/1).Results of the second experimental year confirmed those of the first year with animprovement of the rate of emergence by 13%. The in vivo propagation methodwas beneficial on improving the growth of A. pyramidalis ex situ and it could beadopted as an initiative for wild orchid conservation.

Effects of Nitrogen Fixing and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria on Plant Development, Number of Bulb, Quality of Bulb of Some Tulip Cultivars

Objective: This study was under taken to determine the effects of nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria on plant development, number of bulb and quality of bulb of some tulip cultivars. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted in open field conditions, in 2013. Pink Impression, Blue Aimable and Golden Parade varieties of Tulipa gesneriana L. were used as plant materials. Tulip bulbs were inoculated by four different bacterial formulations comprising Pantoea agglomerans RK-79, Pantoea agglomerans RK-92, Bacillus megaterium TV-91C, Bacillus subtilis TV-17C, Bacillus megaterium TV-3D, Paenibacillus polymyxa TV-12E, Bacillus megaterium TV-6D, Pseudomonas putida TV-42A bacteria strains. Results: According to research results, significant results were determined based on among the applications and varieties. According to applications, average maximum number mother bulbs was obtained from cultivar of Golden Parade while average maximum number bulblet was observed in Blue Aimable cultivar. The highest average maximum bulbet was obtained from formulation C application in Blue Aimable cultivar. Conclusion: As a result of the study, it has been concluded that the bacterial formulation applications especially formulation C (RK-79 + RK-92 + TV-3D + TV-12E) application increased in the number of bulbs and quality of the cultivars.

Azot Fikseri ve Fosfat Çözücü Bakterilerin Lale Çeşitlerinin Gelişimi ve Soğan Üretimine Etkisi

Objective: This study was under taken to determine the effects of nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria on plant development, number of bulb and quality of bulb of some tulipcultivars.Materials and Methods: The research was conducted in open field conditions, in 2013. Pink Impression, Blue Aimable and Golden Parade varieties of Tulipa gesneriana L. were used as plant materials. Tulip bulbs were inoculated by four different bacterial formulations comprising Pantoea agglomerans RK-79, Pantoea agglomerans RK-92, Bacillus megaterium TV-91C, Bacillus subtilis TV-17C, Bacillus megaterium TV-3D, Paenibacillus polymyxa TV-12E, Bacillus megaterium TV-6D, Pseudomonas putida TV-42A bacteria strains.Results: According to research results, significant results were determined based on among the applications and varieties. According to applications, average maximum number mother bulbs was obtained from cultivar of Golden Parade while average maximum number bulblet was observed in Blue Aimable cultivar. The highest average maximum bulbet was obtained from formulation C application in Blue Aimable cultivar.Conclusion: As a result of the study, it has been concluded that the bacterial formulation applications especially formulation C (RK-79 + RK-92 + TV-3D + TV-12E) application increased inthe number of bulbs and quality of the cultivars.

Conservation trial ofAnacamptis pyramidalisthrough vegetative propagation combining the effect of medium conditions and bulb state

Pyramidal orchid [Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) Rich.] is a wild terrestrial orchid found widely in the Mediterranean zone. In Lebanon, random collection and the absence of a conservation strategy have subjected it to the risk of extinction, which stimulated a propagation trial in 2014 and 2015 as an initiative for a future conservation strategy. Orchid bulbs were transplanted from the wild into four substrates (pine bark, pine bark-peat (1/1), peat-sand (1/1) and soil from the collection site as a control), The effect of mycorrhizal application (MY:Yes) was tested in the different substrates except in the control, and orchid bulbs (son bulb SB and mother bulb MB) were planted combined (SB+MB) or after separation of the mother bulb (SB). The same treatments were repeated over two consecutive years. Results showed an earlier emergence of son bulbs (SB) grown in control substrate. Moreover, there was a significant difference in plant growth, with superiority for SB compared with SB+MB regarding plant length and elongation of first leaf. Mycorrhizal application enhanced the overall growth of plants, and its effect was most evident in the substrate peat-sand (1/1). In general, the best growth of the orchid was observed in the combination SB/MY:Yes/peat-sand (1/1). Results of the second experimental year confirmed those of the first year, with an improvement of the rate of emergence by 13%.