Combined Effects of Vernalization and Gibberellic Acid on Quality Seed Production of Summer Onion (Allium cepa L.)

Fakhar Uddin Talukder,Lamia Khatun,Md Rezaul Karim,Md Sohanur Rahman

doi:10.30560/as.v2n2p148

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of vernalization and GA3 on seed yield and reproductive quality of summer onion. There were three vernalization treatments viz., no vernalization (control), vernalization at 5°C for 14 days and vernalization at 10°C for 14 days and four GA3 treatment viz., 0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm. The two-factor experiment was conducted in the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Combination between vernalization and GA3 was significant on the parameters such as plant height, number of leaves plant-1, the highest number of flowering stalk, number of umbels plant-1, number of bud umbel-1, percent flowering at 45 and 60 DAP, number of seeds umbel-1, weight of seeds umbel-1, weight of seeds plant-1, weight of seeds plot-1, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, number of fruits umbel-1, percent of fruit set umbel-1and percent germination. Combined effect of vernalization & GA3 was considered the highest seed yield (280.42 kgha-1) was obtained from vernalization at 5°C for 14 days with 100 ppm GA3. The lowest values of all the parameters were recorded in the control treatment. No limitation is found in the present experiment. Combined use of proper vernalization of mother bulb and suitable concentration of gibberellic acid can be one possible way to expand onion production during the summer.

Highlights

Vernalization is a proper process required for some definite plant species, e.g. onion (Allium cepa L.), to enter into the reproductive stage, through an introduction to low but non-freezing temperatures (Streck, 2003)
Combination between vernalization and GA3 was significant on the parameters such as plant height, number of leaves plant-1, the highest number of flowering stalk, number of umbels plant-1, number of bud umbel-1, percent flowering at 45 and 60 days after planting (DAP), number of seeds umbel-1, weight of seeds umbel-1, weight of seeds plant-1, weight of seeds plot-1, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, number of fruits umbel-1, percent of fruit set umbel-1and percent germination
The interaction effect of vernalization and GA3 on the plant height of onion was found to be significant at 20 DAP, 40 DAP and 60 DAP

Summary

Introduction

Vernalization is a proper process required for some definite plant species, e.g. onion (Allium cepa L.), to enter into the reproductive stage, through an introduction to low but non-freezing temperatures (Streck, 2003). The expression of vegetative plants (after a juvenile stage which corresponds to a minimum 7-10 initiated leaves) or bulbs to low temperatures introduces flowering, which terminates the growth of the main axis (Rabinowitch, 1985). Brewster (1987) processed data every day vernalization rate to temperature with a stepwise linear function. The proper vernalization temperature of mother onion bulbs enhance early flowering and produces a higher yield of onion seed (Khokhar 2014). The suitable vernalization temperature of the mother bulb incites early flowering and produces a better yield of seed (Jones and Mann, 1963). Gibberellins are one of the major regulators of plant as.ideasspread.org

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