Moscow Government Research Articles

Comparison of options and optimization of sorting and collection of waste at demolition sites during renovation

The most famous and relevant innovative type of construction reorganization of urban areas is renovation that is defined in the directive documents of the Moscow Government as the demolition and dismantling of buildings in conditionally autonomous urban areas, defined by the well-known Resolution of the Moscow Government and legal documents explaining it, without taking into account the degree of physical or moral aging of these buildings and structures with the aim of erecting multi-storey residential buildings with increased comfort living in these territories. Thus, a certain meaning of renovation makes it possible and necessary to purposefully study and model the life cycle of this socio-technical and organizational-technological construction process, which has certain formal differences from the well-known model of the traditional life cycle of a construction facility and the sequence of stages in the implementation of this life cycle. The difference in the configuration of the life cycle of a construction facility in the traditional approach and in the innovative one in the conditions of renovation has been determined. In the study, this difference highlights the stage of demolition and dismantling, with which the problem of disposal of construction waste is inextricably linked. In this regard, an urgent task of comparing options and optimization of sorting and collection of waste at demolition and dismantling facilities at the first stage of renovationarises. Three options for solving this problem and projects for the production of work have been developed for each of the three options for the demolition and dismantling of buildings. The most rational is the second option.

Комфортная городская среда: общественное мнение москвичей

the article is devoted to issues related to the formation of a comfortable urban environment with the participation of the population. The city, being a social space, must provide a high standard of living for all its inhabitants. The article substantiates the importance of public participation in the improvement of the city and tells about the tools that ensure this. With the help of Internet portals created by the Moscow Government, the right of every citizen to express their opinion is realized. The article analyzes the work of these Internet portals and the results of a sociological study conducted in 2019 on the assessment of Muscovites on the ongoing measures for the reconstruction of Moscow.

Коррекция недержания мочи после радикальной простатэктомии. Хирургическая техника шаг за шагом

Introduction. The main cause of stress urinary incontinence in men is prostate surgery - radical prostatectomy, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), enucleation, etc. The gold standard for the surgical treatment of urinary incontinence after prostate surgery is the implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter. For the treatment of mild/moderate urinary incontinence, implantation of synthetic urethral male slings is recommended. For the treatment of severe urinary incontinence, implantation of artificial urinary sphincter recommended. According to the Decree of the Moscow Government dated 12.24.2019 N 1822-PP, surgical interventions on the organs of the genitourinary system with the implantation of synthetic complex and mesh prostheses are included in the standards for the provision of high-tech medical care. Materials and methods. The paper presents a surgical technique for implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter model AMS 800 (Boston Scientific, Boston, MA, USA) and a male urethral sling AdVance XP (Boston Scientific, Boston, MA, USA). The indications for surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence in men are listed, the criteria for selecting patients for the implantation of an artificial bladder sphincter and the installation of a urethral sling are described, and described in detail. Conclusion. The materials presented in the lecture will help urologists in mastering the technique of implantation of an artificial bladder sphincter and urethral sling in men.

Urban Development Through the 2018 FIFA Men’s Football World Cup: Mutated Mobile Policies in the Peripheries


 
 
 
 Planners, politicians, boosters and other elites often use mega-events like the 2018 FIFA Men’s World Cup as a strategy for urban development. This was also the case with the World Cup, hosted in eleven Russian cities and designed to modernize Russia’s peripheral host cities. While the idea of developing cities through mega-events is common, the Russian experience displays much that is new.
 This paper examines urban development in the World Cup as an example of mobile policy, exploring how this mega-event was imported from abroad and how this policy mutated as it was implemented on the ground in Russia. The specificities of the Russian experience were due in large part to the ways in which the World Cup organizing committee was created and operated as an extension of the central government in Moscow. What appeared at first to be a way for Russian peripheral host cities to differentiate themselves through urban development in a form of inter-urban competition, turned out to be a reestablishment of the central state in regional spatial planning. In this way, even as certain material conditions in the host cities were improved, the World Cup represented not an expression of regional democracy, nor even a strategy for inter-urban differentiation, but rather one more instance of development dictated from the center and from afar.
 
 
 

Os estatutos da Internacional Comunista: comparação entre os textos aprovados nos Congressos Mundiais de 1920, 1924 e 1928

A estrutura organizativa interna da Internacional Comunista (Comintern) era quase totalmente desconhecida àqueles que a observavam de fora. Contudo, ela foi fortemente influenciada pelas lutas políticas de bastidores, inclusive no Partido Comunista soviético, e pelas viradas geopolíticas promovidas pelos líderes de Moscou. Os três Estatutos da Comintern aprovados em seu 2º (1920), 5º (1924) e 6º (1928) Congressos Mundiais não esgotam a análise dos órgãos que a compunham, mas dão uma ideia de como sua estruturação, ao contrário do que pensa o senso comum, alterou-se radicalmente à medida que se desenrolavam as disputas de poder no Kremlin. Neste artigo, exponho os resultados de uma exaustiva comparação entre os três Estatutos, relacionando-os ao contexto político de cada época e apontando nas mudanças redacionais pistas sobre como se alteravam os conceitos de movimento comunista internacional e de revolução mundial.

The Impact of Post-Communist Central Asia’s Internal Dynamics on its External Relations

Under the Soviet Union rule, Central Asia was a closed region with no access to the outside world. Both internal and external affairs in the region was directed by the central government in Moscow. When the Central Asian republics became dependence in 1991, the situation changed.Yet, in the new era Central Asia has faced many problems and challenges. This paper aims to explore how Central Asia’s internal dynamics have influenced its external relations? The paper concludes that the region’s external relations have been greatly affected by its internal dynamics.

Rusya’nın Körfez Ülkelerinde Ekonomik ve Stratejik Çıkarları

The turbulent events in the Middle East forced the world’s leading states (USA, Russia, England, France) to rehandle their policies. Sometimes they supported one or the other. It was a particularly difficult situation for the USA. It remained among NATO ally Turkey on one side, Assad on the other side and the PYD forces against Turkey. As for Russia, it also showed that it was willing to cooperate with moderate Islamists by choosing a balanced position about intervention in their internal affairs of the Arab states. Furthermore, , the government of Moscow did not tend to idealize what happened, although it understood that troubled days were ahead. Keywords: Middle East, US, Russia, Britain, France, NATO Turkey, Assad, PYD

Effectiveness of the renovation in Moscow based on calculations of static and dynamic indicators

The article analyzes the need for renovation of panel residential buildings in Moscow in the period up to 2030. In order to prevent the mass occurrence of emergency housing, the Moscow government decided to repair the residential building mainly at the expense of the city budget. To implement this long-term investment project, 100 billion rubles (or 1.25 million euros) are allocated annually from the city budget of the capital. Given the socio-economic importance of the State investment and construction program of renovation in Moscow and the allocation for its implementation of a significant amount of budget investments, it will be necessary to developed technique for evaluating the effectiveness of the investment and construction program. The successful implementation of the state program largely depends on a competent investment management policy during construction activities Therefore, to assess the economic efficiency of an investment project, it is necessary to make calculations based on static and dynamic indicators. Only after these calculations should a decision be made about the effectiveness and success of the investment project. An important criterion for assessing the state program of renovation at the expense of budgetary funds of Moscow will be the developed options with minimal budgetary costs for the implementation of the program, ensuring the achievement of maximum socio-economic effect.

The use of intelligent technologies of Business Intelligence Platforms and Data Science and Machine Learning Platforms for monitoring the socio-economic indicators of the administrative districts of Moscow

The article discusses the possibilities of studying the state of the social sphere according to the repository of the Moscow Government open data portal by administrative districts and city districts using Business Intelligence Platforms and Data Science and Machine Learning Platforms intellectual technologies. Opportunities are presented for using machine learning technologies for business analytics platforms to identify hidden patterns in order to make informed management decisions.

Justification of the Principles of Revitalization of the Built-up Territories for Sustainable Development of the Urban Environment

The analysis and justification of the basic principles of revitalization of the urban inhabited environment from position of sustainable development of territories. Are analyzed experience of gentrification in the USA and also the European countries; the program of renovation of housing in Moscow developed by the Government of Moscow and directed to resettlement and demolition of old low housing stock. The main shortcomings of such planning approaches are revealed. The step-by-step scheme of renovation of the residential quarter on the example of Voronezh is developed. Recommendations about change of planning structure of the reconstructed quarter taking into account the principles of sustainable development of the urban environment are formulated.

Migration criminality in the modern megapolis: risk management

The existence interrelationship between migration and criminality is one of the controversial issues, rising in the discussion of migration processes. The authors propose to consider immigration criminality as a mass social, legal, socially dangerous phenomenon, consisting of the totality of crimes, committed by migrants in various spheres of life of the region, ensure personal and public safety of its population, public order. The risks of migration criminality in the modern Russian metropolis, as well as their perception and evaluation of representatives of society are the basis of appearance of social tension and can increase the level of conflict between local people and newcomers. Certain causes and conditions specific criminal activities, laying on the social, economic factors of migration exert a criminogenic influence on migrants. At the risk of the migration criminality the authors in their study propose to distinguish the extent possible danger caused by migration processes, directly affecting the stability and well-being crime, living in a certain area of people.The article also presents the main results of author’s sociological research of the risks of migration criminality, which are based on studies of subjective evaluations of residents of the Moscow megapolis and experts, representing 4 groups of experts: heads of departments of the Moscow government, representatives of public organizations, law enforcement agencies and the media. The risks of migration criminality have identified and described in the study. The performed analysis has allowed us to formulate the basic suggestions for minimizing the risks of migration criminality. These proposals require special attention and further scientific reflection with further improvement of the migration policy of Moscow.

«Expelled from Livonia»: Towards the issue of the arrangement of landowners of «Old» and «New German towns» after the Plyussa Treaty 1583

History of Muscovite estate shaping in “German towns” in 1550s–1580s is closely connected with Novgorod, Pskov, Rzheva Pustaya as servicemen communities. These servicemen were the source for new landowners in the lands taken by Muscovites to the West from Narova river. Only Rzheva Pustaya was more or less studied already. The paper is an attempt to generalize the data on number and personal content of “German towns” landowners (mostly on sources of 1582) and to study the issue of the significance of the experience of making estates in Livonian lands for the day-to-day culture of Muscovite servicemen. Geography of Russian landownership in Livonia is under consideration. Also the historiographical discussions of the reasons of Russian Livonia project fail is studied in the article. Special attention is paid to the issue of Muscovite landowners evacuation from Livonia after military defeats of 1580–1582. Record books of Rzheva Pustaya and Novgorod Vodskaya pyatina included notes of the towns and districts in Livonia that have been left by the landowners. Other record books of North-Western Muscovy only mention the new strata of servicemen “new landowners of German towns”. Special groups of “Rugodiv and Juryev newly baptized [tartars]” and “Cossacks from Govye” were also separately mentioned in the record books. In the last period of Livonian War not only Livonia itself but also some border districts of former Novgorod land were left by Muscovites. In 1582–1583 the Moscow Government also took responsibility for the landowners from that lost districts. V. A. Arakcheev noted the order on the land security of those servicemen issued between January 23 and March 4, 1583. In early 1580s the landowners of “German towns” received estates in “abandoned lands”. Later Court lands were spread between them.

Московский эксперимент по применению компьютерного зрения в лучевой диагностике: вовлеченность врачей-рентгенологов

B a c k g r o u n d . In 2019, the Moscow Government decided to conduct a large-scale scientific research – an the Experiment on the use of innovative computer vision technologies for medical image analysis and subsequent applicability in the healthcare system of Moscow (www.mosmed.ai). O b j e c t i v e – analyze engagement, attitudes and feedback from doctors-radiologists in frame of the Experiment. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The Experiment is a prospective research approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and registered with Clinicaltrails.gov (ID NCT04489992). Patients signed informed voluntary consent. On the date 01.10.2020, ten services are involved in the Experiment, they providing automated analysis of chest computed tomography and x-ray, mammography. The study includes quantitative indicators of the Experiment from 06/18/2020 to 10/01/2020. Methods of social survey, descriptive statistics, assessment of diagnostic accuracy metrics were used. R e s u l t s a n d d i s c u s s i o n . During the first four months of the active phase of the Experiment, ten computer vision services were integrate into Unified Radiology Service of Moscow. More then 497 thousand studies have been successfully analyzed. Analyzes is carried out for 884 diagnostic devices in 293 medical organizations, 272 of them are actively involved. The involvement of medical organizations is 82%. The median time for automatic analysis of 1 study is 8 minutes. Overall, 63% of studies were analyzed in less than 15 minutes. At the beginning of the Experiment, 538 doctors had access to the system; in four months this number increased to 899. The involvement of doctors was 24%, which is slightly higher than the global indicators. According to the results of a sociological survey, the attitude to AI technologies of Moscow radiologists can be characterize as expectant, moderately optimistic. Radiologists have determined that the results of computer vision services are fully consistent with the real situation in 64% of cases. In 36% cases some inconsistencies were recorded; of this number, significant discrepancies took place in 6%, insignificant – in 23%. C o n c l u s i o n . Results of the Experiment’s first four months can be consider as successful. A high level of involvement of radiologists is define. Special measures will be implement to increase the involvement of radiologists, as well as a comprehensive comparative assessment of the work of services at the further stages of the Experiment.

Methodology for Monitoring the Implementation of Complex Schemes for Engineering Support of Renovation Territories

The article presents a methodology for monitoring the implementation of integrated schemes for engineering support of territories of the Housing Stock Renovation Program in Moscow. The methodology is based on the concept of an enlarged network model, which defines the sequence of work execution and their relationships at different stages of the life cycle – construction and demolition of residential and non-residential facilities, relocation and construction of engineering infrastructure, resettlement – in the form of a combined calendar plan (Gantt chart), linked to a single timeline, and solves an important practical task: tracking the timing and volume of works performed at all stages of the implementation of the Complex scheme of engineering support for the territory of renovation. The continuity of the new methodology and previously developed and used by the Moscow Government tools for planning and coordinating urban development activities is shown. Keywords: complex scheme of engineering support, monitoring, enlarged network model, program of renovation.

GAMIFICATION POSSIBILITY USE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF POPULATION CIVIL ACTIVITY PLATFORMS

The authors conducted the study of electronic referendum system of the Moscow government "Active Citizen" in order to determine the possibilities of gamification use on the platforms for civil participation, the influence of game mechanics on the civic activity of Russians. The methods of research were the following ones: qualitative analysis of "Active citizen" user feedback, presented on the official Internet portal, as well as user interviews (N = 30). The interview allowed to reveal the motivational attitudes of the respondents' representation on the platform "Active citizen", to evaluate the key parameters of the civil activity platform functioning and the elements of gamification. The result of the study determined that the civil platform creates an opportunity to discuss some important issues for the city. However, with the observation of democratic procedure appearance, there is the substitution of real participation in the state management for the possibility of discussion. The performed study showed the ambivalent nature of gamification use. The respondents demonstrate the polarity of gaming method perception during their transfer to civil platforms: for some participants the possibility of score accumulation is a pleasant bonus to the opportunity to take part in urban problem solution, while it becomes an aim for others and an opportunity to increase one's self-esteem. According to public opinion, the system of electronic referendums of the Moscow government "Active Citizen" will not reduce the demand in the long term

Databases And Algorithms For The Calculation And Planning Of Resettlement Of Residents Under The Renovation Program

The socially significant part of the renovation program – resettlement of residents from demolished houses is considered. The principles of resettlement of residents are established by administrative documents of the government of Moscow. There are types of provision of living space: equal; smaller with payment of compensation; with a large number of rooms with surcharge. To manage the resettlement process, the following tasks are formulated: determination of the main initial waves of resettlement and additional resettlement, formation of the required apartment layout for resettlement. In order to solve these problems, algorithms, which are implemented in the module of information and analytical system of urban planning activities management, have been developed. The created module is successfully used in practice, including to check the feasibility of resettlement options, search for options for resettlement in the reserves of new buildings, setting tasks when designing the parameters of the apartment layout of buildings under construction, and search for the optimal sequence of resettlement.

THE INTEGRATION OF DENTAL DETERMINANTS IN THE ACTIVE LONGEVITY PROGRAM

According to the World Health Organization, the elderly are the fastest-growing age group in the world. Scientists addressing the aging issue have put forward a theory of active longevity, based on improving the quality of life of the elderly. Most authors believe that the basis of a long life is an active and mobile lifestyle, a healthy diet, abstinence from bad habits, constant communication and affordable quality health care. Recently, in our country, government officials began to pay attention to the problems of longevity and improving the quality of life of senior and elderly people. The Government of Moscow adopted a decision of December 18, 2018 No. 1578-GO “On the implementation of the Moscow Longevity Project in the city of Moscow”, which provides for a permanent basis to create a system of organizing active leisure activities for senior citizens, expanding forms of social communications, further enhancing their life and longevity. Recent studies show that the quality of life of people in the elderly and senile age is closely related to their health and cannot be limited to biomedical parameters. It depends on an assessment of one’s life course, internal standards, and on effective social activity. Also, quality of life is correlated with factors such as the diet and nutrition quality, the ability to perform physical activities that help reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases and mortality. At the same time, the importance of dental health remains underestimated, despite the fact that healthy mouth organs and tissues are the main factors contributing to quality nutrition, performing an aesthetic role and serving as a symbol of a person’s well-being.

THE FORMATION OF THE "FIFTH COLUMN" IN THE LITHUANIAN-MOSCOW WAR OF 1507-1508 (ON THE EXAMPLE OF M.HLYNSKY'S REBELLION)

The theses highlight the process of formation of the "fifth column" by the Moscow government among the Russian princes during the Moscow-Lithuanian War of 1507-1508. The first stage of this war did not bring the desired results to either side. The second

Report and record sources on the activity history of the Jesuit order in Eastern-Slavic region in the last third of the 16th - the first half of the 17th century

The article considers the informative value of report and record sources on the activity history of the Jesuit order in Eastern-Slavic region in the last third of the 16th-the first half of the 17th century. It is determined that the aforementioned sources appear to be quite unbiased and carries informative value. They shed light on the relations Jesuits had with officials, states and certain individuals.The documents make it possible to comprehend the religious politics of kings in the region as well as to become aware of financial support and privileges of Jesuits. In certain manner, they facilitate comprehension of the ways the Society of Jesus influenced the kings of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.The records on the order received from Tsardom of Moscow government provide insight only into particular activities held within the state and epoch of interest. Though they serve as significant sources for establishment of a comprehensive vision on activities of the order in Moscow and throughout Eastern-Slavic region.Records of government entities and authorities as well as those of public officials provide for more than few facts on the order as well. These documents in certain way unveil details on how the Jesuits influenced public officials, achieved their goals. They also bring to light the property of the Society of Jesus.It is necessary to highlight the documents of the Zaporizhian Host, Acts of Bohdan Khmelnitsky in particular. These documents play a significant role in understanding of religious politics of the Zaporizhian Host concerning the Catholic Church, the Jesuit Order as well as consequences of this politics the order had to face.Record documents, judicial sources as well as those of economic and financial purpose make up a separate group. They comprise complaints filed against the Jesuits, members of Orthodox Church, for one, wills, deposits, foundations and gifts presented to the Order on the part of clergy, landowners and kings.Complaints against the Jesuits and their alumni wereprimarily filed by the orthodox population. Numerous documents provide an opportunity to research stance of Jesuit educational establishments and the methods of the Society of Jesus. It is possible to unravel relations the Jesuits had with the local population. The majority of records of property and financial nature are represented by various endowments. These documents both display the amount and kinds of property of the Jesuits in the region as well as cover financial support acquisition methods of houses of the Order.Hence, report and record sources make it possible to analyze ways the Jesuits resorted to for achieving their goals though other people. They highlight means of financial support of houses of the Society of Jesus as well as missionary work actions. Owing to these sources, we have an opportunity to study up on ways and methods of dissemination of the Jesuits in the region as well as on how they managed to influence the society. The records provide information on results of execution of orders concerning the Order issued by the governments and authorities. The aforementioned documents also contain numerous details of significant events in the history of the Society of Jesus in the region.

Организация государственных PR-мероприятий для молодежи с целью улучшения имиджа Правительства Москвы как работодателя (на примере программы стажировки)

Организация государственных PR-мероприятий для молодежи с целью улучшения имиджа Правительства Москвы как работодателя (на примере программы стажировки)