MoS2 Nanoparticles Research Articles

Significantly enhanced dielectric properties of Ti3C2Tx MXene/MoS2/methylvinyl silicone rubber ternary composites by tuning the particle size of MoS2

AbstractTo realize the great potential of silicone rubber in advanced electronics, high dielectric constant and low loss tangent are currently pursued. Adding a third phase to conductive filler/silicone rubber composites may enhance the properties of the composites, but the appropriate particle size of the third phase is an open question. Here, MoS2 was used as the third phase to prepare the Ti3C2Tx MXene/MoS2/methylvinyl silicone rubber (VMQ) ternary composites, and the influence of different sizes of MoS2 (200 nm and 2 μm) on the dielectric performance of the composites was investigated. The dielectric constant of the Ti3C2Tx MXene/VMQ composites with 5 wt% MoS2 nanoparticles shows a 279% enhancement from 2.78 to 7.75 at 103 Hz, better than that of the Ti3C2Tx MXene‐MoS2 hybrid fillers/VMQ composites. Compared with micron MoS2, nano MoS2 can significantly enhance the dielectric performance of conductive filler/polymer composites because of shorter interparticle distances and enhanced interfacial polarization. Meanwhile, the composites exhibit low loss tangent (lower than 0.0015) and good thermal stability (up to 400°C) because of the low filling amounts of Ti3C2Tx MXene and MoS2 nanoparticles. Excellent flexibility with Young's modulus of 285 kPa and elongations break of 446% was also obtained. The design of these ternary composites greatly improves the dielectric and mechanical properties, which means that the dielectric material has a broad application prospect in modern electronics industry.Highlights High dielectric constant was gained in Ti3C2Tx MXene/5n‐MoS2/VMQ composites. The MXene/5n‐MoS2/VMQ composites exhibited excellent mechanical properties. Appropriate filler size can benefit the performance of polymer composites.

Chitosan-derived N-doped carbon supported Cu/Fe co-doped MoS2 nanoparticles as peroxymonosulfate activator for efficient dyes degradation

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS), which is dominated by free radical (SO4•-) pathway, has a good removal effect on organic pollutants in complex water matrices. In this article, a new catalyst (CFM@NC) was synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization method with chitosan (CS) as N and C precursors, and used to activate PMS to degrade dye wastewater. CFM@NC/PMS system can degrade 50 mg·L−1 rhodamine B by 99.59 % within 30 min, and the degradation rate remains as high as 97.32 % after 5 cycles. It has good complex background matrices, acid-base anti-interference ability (pH 2.6–10.1), universality and reusability. It can degrade methyl orange and methylene blue by >98 % within 30 min. The high efficiency of the composite is due to the fact that CS-modified MoS2 as a carrier exposes a large number of active sites, which not only disperses CuFe2O4 nanoparticles and improves the stability of the catalyst, but also provides abundant electron rich groups, which promotes the activation of PMS and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). PMS is effectively activated by catalytic sites (Cu+/Cu2+, Fe2+/Fe3+, Mo4+/Mo6+, pyridine N, pyrrole N, edge sulfur and hydroxyl group) to produce a large number of radicals to attack RhB molecules, causing chromophore cleavage, ring opening, and mineralization. Among them, free radical SO4•- is the main ROS for RhB degradation. This work is expected to provide a new idea for the design and synthesis of environmentally friendly and efficient heterogeneous catalysts.

Green synthesis of nanostructured 1T/2H-MoS2 hybrid phase with polyol solvents and microwave heating

Green synthesis approaches have attracted greatly of attention in recent years since they address the issues associated with sustainability than conventional synthesis methods. New research fields in green nanoscience are being developed as a result of the incorporation of green chemistry principles into nanoscience. In this paper, the successful microwave-assisted green synthesis of MoS2 nanoparticles in a single pot using polyol solvents such as ethylene glycol and glycerol is demonstrated. The coexistence of 1T and 2H phases in MoS2 nanomaterials was determined using advanced techniques such as XRD, Raman, XPS, and TEM images. The highest 1T proportion obtained was 84.5% when compared to the 2H phase. The reaction mechanism and the phase transition between 1T and 2H were described and illustrated. The role of polyol solvents in the practical synthesis of nano MoS2 under microwave heating is also evaluated and explained. Due to the ability of the metallic 1T phase to enhance electrical conductivity, it is believed that hybrid nanostructures exhibit superior electrochemical performance for energy storage and conversion applications.

Modeling of EMHD ternary hybrid Williamson nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet with temperature jump and magnetic induction

This study explores the heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of an incompressible Williamson ternary hybrid nanofluid (WTHNF) over an unsteady stretching surface, influenced by external electric and magnetic fields, thermal radiation, and a porous boundary. The WTHNF consists of ZrO2, MoS2, and GO nanoparticles suspended in water. By applying suitable transformations, the fundamental equations are simplified and solved numerically using the Explicit Runge Kutta Method (ERKM). The research investigates how various physical parameters, such as electric and magnetic field strengths, thermal radiation, porous plate permeability, velocity slip, and temperature jump, impact the velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, and local Nusselt number. The findings offer valuable insights into the interactions between WTHNF and external factors, which can inform the design and optimization of advanced heat transfer and fluid flow systems in engineering. Additionally, this study demonstrates the potential of WTHNF to enhance heat transfer rates, making it a promising candidate for cooling systems, heat exchangers, and energy storage devices. The research contributes to developing more efficient and sustainable technologies in aerospace, biomedical engineering, and renewable energy. Moreover, the results provide a foundation for future research on the behavior of complex fluids under various external influences. This could lead to the creation of more advanced fluid flow systems, improving efficiency and performance across numerous applications.

Fabrication of MoS2 nanoparticle dispersions using ultrasonic methods: synthesis techniques and optical characterization

This study outlines the process of preparing a dispersion of MoS2 nanoparticle from micron sized MoS2 powder using ultrasonic methods. The optical characteristics of this dispersion were investigated using optical measurement techniques. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is chosen as the dispersion solvent due to its surface energy closely matching that of MoS2. Consequently, the dispersion that ensued exhibits commendable stability. The MoS2 dispersion underwent analysis through EDX, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy techniques to examine the correlation between the size of the MoS2 nanoparticles and the morphology of the dispersion. The dispersion color intensifies with the increase in the wavelength. A He-Cd laser with a wavelength of 325 nm was used to stimulate and generate the matching light source for the generated samples to leverage the photoluminescent attribute of MoS2 nanoparticles within the range of less than 100 nm. In the Raman measurement graph, distinct peaks can be observed in the generated nanoparticles, providing evidence of their material qualities. The surface morphology of the optical microscopic image was assessed using ultra-spectral imaging technology, allowing for the measurement and acquisition of the associated wavelength spectrum. The particle size in the dispersion was measured using the dynamic light scattering technique. These tests demonstrate that the process can be fine-tuned by adjusting parameters, such as ultrasonic oscillation time and centrifugal time. This process can also yield MoS2 nanoparticle dispersions in various sizes, each exhibiting distinct photoluminescence characteristics corresponding to the excited light wavelength.

Improvement in Tribological Properties with Addition of Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) and Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) Nanoparticles in Aerospace Lubricants

In the aircraft mounted accessory gearbox and gas turbine engine gearbox, a significant rise in temperature of lubricant was consistently observed due to the high coefficient of friction (COF) between the moving parts. This phenomenon limits the speed and power transmission of the gearbox. To resolve this, the current study recommends adding specific nanoparticles (NP) as an additive to the military (MIL) grade lubricant to reduce frictional resistance between the gears. Surfactants were also added to hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanolubricants (NL) to improve NP suspension. Tribological investigations were conducted with a four-ball tester, a shear stability tester, and a Reichert tester to examine the lubricants. During the four-ball test, the wear scar diameter (WSD) on the specimen decreased by 16.73% and 12.3% with h-BN and MoS2 NL, respectively, compared to the results obtained using the base lubricant (BL). In the shear stability test, h-BN NL demonstrated 93%, and MoS2 NL demonstrated 67% more shear stability than the BL, while the COF was reduced by 13% in both h-BN and MoS2 NLs during the Reichert test. These test results prove that h-BN and MoS2 NPs, when added to a MIL standard BL, can demonstrate improved tribological capabilities even at extreme operational conditions.

Curcumin-Assisted Synthesis of MoS2 Nanoparticles as an Electron Transport Material in Perovskite Solar Cells.

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs), such as molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) and molybdenum selenide (MoSe2), have been presented as effective materials for extracting the generated holes from perovskite layers. Thus, the work function of MoS2 can be tuned in a wide range from 3.5 to 4.8 eV by adjusting the number of layers, chemical composition, elemental doping, surface functionalization, and surface states, depending on the synthetic approach. In this proposed work, we attempt to synthesize MoS2 nanoparticles (NPs) from bulk MoS2 using two steps: (1) initial exfoliation of bulk MoS2 into few-layer MoS2 by using curcumin-cholesteryl-derived organogels (BCC-ED) and curcumin solution in ethylene diamine (C-ED) under sonication; (2) ultrasonication of the subsequently obtained few-layer MoS2 at 60-80 °C, followed by washing of the above chemicals. The initial treatment with the BCC-ED/C-ED undergoes exfoliation of bulk MoS2 resulted in few-layer MoS2, as evidenced by the morphological analysis using SEM. Further thinning or reduction of the size of the few-layer MoS2 by prolonged ultrasonication at 60-80 °C, followed by repeated washing with DMF, resulted in uniform nanoparticles (MoS2 NPs) with a size of ~10 nm, as evidenced by morphological analysis. Since BCC-ED and C-ED produced similar results, C-ED was utilized for further production of NPs over BCC-ED owing to the ease of removal of curcumin from the MoS2 NPs. Utilization of the above synthesized MoS2 NPs as an ETL layer in the cell structure FTO/ETL/perovskite absorber/spiro-OMeTAD/Ag enhanced the efficiency significantly. The results showed that MoS2 NPs as an ETL exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PEC) of 11.46%, a short-circuit current density of 18.65 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage of 1.05 V, and a fill factor of 58.66%, at the relative humidity of 70 ± 10% (open-air conditions) than that of the ED-treated MoS2 devices without curcumin. These results suggest that the synergistic effect of both curcumin and ED plays a critical role in obtaining high-quality MoS2 NPs, beneficial for efficient charge transport, lowering the crystal defect density/trap sites and reducing the charge recombination rate, thus, significantly enhancing the efficiency.

Self-Poled Piezoelectric Nanocomposite Fiber Sensors for Wireless Monitoring of Physiological Signals.

Self-powered sensors have the potential to enable real-time health monitoring without contributing to the ever-growing demand for energy. Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) respond to mechanical deformations to produce electrical signals, imparting a sensing capability without external power sources. Textiles conform to the human body and serve as an interactive biomechanical energy harvesting and sensing medium without compromising comfort. However, the textile-based PENG fabrication process is complex and lacks scalability, making these devices impractical for mass production. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of a long-length PENG fiber compatible with industrial-scale manufacturing. The thermal drawing process enables the one-step fabrication of self-poled MoS2-poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanocomposite fiber devices integrated with electrodes. Heat and stress during thermal drawing and MoS2 nanoparticle addition facilitate interfacial polarization and dielectric modulation to enhance the output performance. The fibers show a 57 and 70% increase in the output voltage and current compared to the pristine PVDF fiber, respectively, at a considerably low MoS2 loading of 3 wt %. The low Young's modulus of the outer cladding ensures an effective stress transfer to the piezocomposite domain and allows minute motion detection. The flexible fibers demonstrate wireless, self-powered physiological sensing and biomotion analysis capability. The study aims to guide the large-scale production of highly sensitive integrated fibers to enable textile-based and plug-and-play wearable sensors.

Synthesis of Ni-doped 1T/2H MoS2 nanoparticles as an efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water-splitting

In advancing hydrogen fuel production through water-splitting, we focus on the optimisation of 1T/2H phases of MoS2 nanoparticles to enrich the overall water-splitting performance which has garnered significant interest. We propose a straightforward hydrothermal method to develop a 1T/2H MoS2 catalyst by introducing Ni. Morphological and chemical investigations evidenced the generation of the metal/semiconductor MoS2 nanoparticles. Further, the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been demonstrated, and the optimised 1 m mol nickel-doped MoS2 catalyst (MSN-1) exhibits remarkable performance in both HER and OER, with a low overpotential of 117 and 250 mV respectively at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, and superior stability in alkaline medium (about 20 h). Additionally, it exhibits promising bifunctional activity with an overpotential of approximately 1.36 V at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, maintaining stability for 20 h in a 1.0 M KOH medium. These outcomes emphasise that MSN-1 has the potential as a practical bifunctional electrocatalyst with significant applications on the horizon.

Heat and Mass Transformation of Casson Hybrid Nanofluid (MoS2 + ZnO) Based on Engine Oil over a Stretched Wall with Chemical Reaction and Thermo-Diffusion Effect

This study investigates the potential of a hybrid nanofluid composed of MoS2 and ZnO nanoparticles dispersed in engine oil, aiming to enhance the properties of a lubricant’s chemical reaction with the Soret effect on a stretching sheet under the influence of an applied magnetic field. With the growing demand for efficient lubrication systems in various industrial applications, including automotive engines, the development of novel nanofluid-based lubricants presents a promising avenue for improving engine performance and longevity. However, the synergistic effects of hybrid nanoparticles in engine oil remain relatively unexplored. The present research addresses this gap by examining the thermal conductivity, viscosity, and wear resistance of the hybrid nanofluid, shedding light on its potential as an advanced lubrication solution. Overall, the objectives of studying the hybrid nanolubricant MoS2 + ZnO with engine oil aim to advance the development of more efficient and durable lubrication solutions for automotive engines, contributing to improved reliability, fuel efficiency, and environmental sustainability. In the present study, the heat and mass transformation of a Casson hybrid nanofluid (MoS2 + ZnO) based on engine oil over a stretched wall with chemical reaction and thermo-diffusion effect is analyzed. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are simplified as ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by utilizing the relevant similarity variables. The MATLAB Bvp4c technique is used to solve the obtained linear ODE equations. The results are presented through graphs and tables for various parameters, namely, M, Q, β, Pr, Ec, Sc, Sr, Kp, Kr, and ϕ2* (hybrid nanolubricant parameters) and various state variables. A comparative survey of all the graphs is presented for the nanofluid (MoS2/engine oil) and the hybrid nanofluid (MoS2 + ZnO/engine oil). The results reveal that the velocity profile diminished against the values of M, Kp, and β, and the temperature profile rises with Ec and Q, whereas Pr decreases. The concentration profile is incremented (decremented) with the value of Sr (Sc and Kr). A comparison of the nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid suggests that the velocity f′ (η) becomes slower with the augmentation of ϕ2* whereas the temperature increases when ϕ2* = 0.6 become slower.

Effect of molybdenum disulfide functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes based hybrid on morphology, mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy nanocomposites

AbstractThree‐dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) functionalized MWCNTs hybrid nanoparticles were synthesized using in‐situ hydrothermal reaction. Two types of hybrids, MoS2/MWCNTs‐1 and MoS2/MWCNTs‐2 with MWCNTs to MoS2 precursor weight ratios 1:2 and 1:1 respectively were prepared with varying degrees of hybridization and the effects of their incorporation on tensile strength and fracture toughness properties of epoxies were investigated. Epoxy/MoS2/MWCNTs‐2 nanocomposites showed exceptional mechanical properties due to their improved dispersion, constrained chain mobility and excellent interfacial interactions. MoS2/MWCNTs‐2 nanocomposites showed maximum improvement of tensile strength by 28.52% at 0.5 wt% nanofiller concentration and the highest improvements in fracture toughness by 172% at 0.2 wt% nanofiller concentration. The excellent enhancement of fracture toughness properties was due to the synergic effect of MoS2/MWCNTs hybrid nanoparticles due to the crack pinning and bifurcation properties of MoS2 nanoparticles along with the pull‐out and crack bridging mechanisms of MWCNTs as observed in morphological analysis of fractures nanocomposites. The incorporation of 0.2 wt% of MoS2/MWCNTs‐2 increased the degradation temperatures of epoxy from 591 to 796°C at 95% weight loss due to the improved physical barrier effect.Highlights MoS2/MWCNTs nanoparticles were synthesized using in‐situ hydrothermal reaction 0.5 wt% MoS2/MWCNTs‐2 incorporated epoxies showed highest tensile strength 0.2 wt% MoS2/MWCNTs‐2 incorporated epoxy composites show improved K1c value Incorporation of MoS2/MWCNTs improved the thermal stability of epoxy Synergistic effect of nanocomposite due to crack pinning, bifurcation & bridging

Promotion of the oxygen evolution reaction by introducing MoS2 into CoFe LDH via improved charge transfer and electrocatalytical activity

It is of great significance to investigate economical and efficient non-noble metal electrocatalysts for improving the kinetics of slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This study presents a hydrothermal method employed for the synthesis of MoS2@CoFe LDH/NF (NF: nickel foam) electrocatalysts. The layered structure of CoFe LDH offers abundant active sites for OER. The combined effects of MoS2 nanoparticles and LDH structure elevate the catalytic performance of OER. When the current density of 10 mA cm−2, the overpotential and Tafel slope were measured to be 234 mV and 87.68 mV dec-1. Moreover, the current density remained at 90 % of its initial value for 18 h in an alkaline solution, demonstrating excellent stability. Consequently, this study provides valuable insights for designing nanoparticle-LDH heterostructures to achieve resultful OER in practical applications.

Effect of MoS2 nanoparticles on the properties of Ni-W-SiC composite coatings

To improve the comprehensive protection performances of Ni-W-SiC composite coatings, we successfully manufactured Ni-W-SiC-MoS2 composite coatings using an electrodeposition technique on a 7075 aluminum alloy surface. We analysed the changes in microhardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, surface morphology and roughness of the composite coatings upon the addition of MoS2 nanoparticles. A microscopic characterisation of the Ni-W-SiC-MoS2 coatings was carried out by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. The elemental composition was analysed by energy dispersive spectroscopy. The grain size was calculated by X-ray diffraction. The microhardnesses of the Ni-W-SiC-MoS2 composite coatings were evaluated by a microhardness tester, the wear resistance was tested by a rotary friction tester, and the corrosion resistance was evaluated using an electrochemical workstation. The tests indicate that the addition of MoS2 nanoparticles has significant effects on the micromorphology and grain size of Ni-W-SiC,and that they can uniformly codeposit with SiC nanoparticles in the Ni-W coating, exerting a synergistic effect on the improvement in the performance of the composite coating. When the amount of added MoS2 is 8 g/L, the Ni-W-SiC-MoS2 coating has the smallest grain size and highest microhardness (917.6 HV). Its corrosion resistance is considerably improved compared to that of the Ni-W-SiC coating. When the MoS2 concentration is 6 g/L, the Ni-W-SiC-MoS2 coating has the highest content of MoS2 nanoparticles, the friction coefficient reaches the minimum (0.24), and the wear resistance is best.

A Comparative study of flow and C[sbnd]C heat flux over a magnetic field under the influence of nanomaterial and carbon nanotubes

The aim of this study is to investigate convective heat transfer on a flat surface in the presence of magneto-hydro-dynamic (MHD) flow. The analysis considers the Darcy-Forchheimer porosity medium in the flow. The study focuses on analyzing the heat transfer rate, incorporating joule heating and convective-conductive heat flux effects. The influence of varying fluid properties on the flow behavior is examined. The governing flow equations are initially expressed as partial differential equations (PDEs) and then transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using appropriate similarity transformations. The numerical method RKF-45 is employed to solve these ODEs. The results highlight the impact of different parameters in the model. It is observed that a higher Darcy parameter leads to a decrease in fluid velocity. Additionally, the performance of carbon nanotubes is superior compared to MoS2 nanoparticles in this study.

Impact of molybdenum disulfide diffused coir fiber on the physical, mechanical, thermal, and vibrational characteristics of polyester composites

AbstractThis research focuses on comparing the properties of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) diffused coir fiber polyester composites (MCF‐PCs) with neat coir fiber polyester composites (NCF‐PCs) and exploring its applications in various industrial sectors such as automotive, construction and manufacturing, where mechanical strength and fire resistance are critical factors. The study aims to investigate the physical, mechanical, thermal degradation, fire performance, and vibration properties of these composites. Compression molding was used to develop composites with different coir fiber loadings (10%, 20%, and 30% by weight). MoS2 nanoparticles diffused on the fiber surface significantly improved mechanical characteristics, thermal stability, and fiber‐matrix compatibility. The findings indicate better crystallinity and physical properties in MCF‐PCs compared to NCF‐PCs. Morphological observations confirmed improved fiber‐matrix compatibility in MoS2‐diffused fiber composites with polyester. The MCF‐PC with 20% loading exhibited the highest tensile (28 ± 1.24 MPa), flexural (50 ± 0.50 MPa), and impact (15 ± 1.01 kJ/m2) strength. The flame retardancy of the composites was evaluated using a horizontal combustion test apparatus. In addition, MCF‐PCs exhibited better flame retardancy as evidenced by lower flame propagation velocity (9 ± 0.20 mm/min) and increased ignition time (13 ± 0.29 Sec). The MCF‐PC with 20% loading shows maximum natural frequencies of 77 ± 4.1 Hz.Highlights This study investigated MoS2‐diffused coir fiber‐reinforced polyester composites. Fiber‐matrix adhesion can be improved with modified fiber‐reinforced composites. The MoS2 diffusion on fibers improved the physical and mechanical properties of polyester composites. The MoS2 diffusion on fibers enhanced the thermal and vibrational characteristics of polyester composites. MoS2‐diffused natural fiber composites offer considerable research potential.

Friction and self-repairing behaviour of magnesium silicate hydroxide-MoS2 lubricant additives on gray cast iron with Cr-coated steel ball friction pairs

To improve the tribological performance of piston ring assemblies, this work studies the friction and self-repair behavior of magnesium silicate hydroxide(MSH)/MoS2 nanoparticles as PAO6 lubricant additives, whose friction condition is simulated piston ring-cylinder liner operating condition using a friction pair composed of chrome-plated steel balls and gray cast iron. By studying the effect of different concentrations on the friction reduction and anti-wear properties, it was found that the addition of MSH/MoS2 nano-powder to PAO6 could all play a role in the friction reduction and anti-wear effect, with the best friction reduction effect at 0.5 wt% addition. The self-repairing behavior of the lubrications with 0.5 wt% MSH/MoS2 nanopowders was found on grey cast iron specimens after 8 h of friction experiment.

Dual-catalytic activation of Pt and MoSxOy on carbon nanofibers for NO2 sensors

To achieve highly sensitive chemiresistive gas sensors, facile and effective synthesis for catalytic decoration is essential on an electrically conductive scaffold containing a large surface area and high porosity. Herein, we report a new synthetic strategy for the functionalization of one-dimensional carbon nanofibers (CNFs) using dual-catalytic nanoparticles (NPs) of both oxygen-incorporated MoS2 (MoSxOy) and Pt. The functionalized CNFs were synthesized through an electrospinning process followed by heat treatment in a reducing ambient to ensure the decoration of ultra-small MoSxOy and Pt NPs along the CNFs (Pt-MoSxOy@CNFs). As a result, Pt-MoSxOy@CNFs exhibited an improved sensing response of 39.6% toward 5 ppm of NO2 as compared to the responses of pristine CNFs (7.3%) and MoSxOy@CNFs (13.7%) at room temperature. At the optimized operating temperature of 150 °C, the Pt-MoSxOy@CNFs exhibited a 5.8-fold higher response than that of the pristine CNFs and also presented fully reversible and selective sensing properties. The enhanced NO2 sensing properties were primarily attributed to the chemical sensitization of Pt NPs toward NO2 and a p-n heterojunction between the CNFs and MoSxOy NPs. This study demonstrates the uniform distribution of multiple nano-sized catalysts on CNFs, paving the way for establishing multiplexed sensor arrays and application in electronic nose systems.

Influence of Molybdenum Disulphide (MoS2) Nanoparticles Loading in Treated Used Palm Oil Bio-lubricant on Surface Roughness during Turning of AISI420

The environmental impact and non-biodegradability of petroleum-based lubricants has caused some researchers to shift the formulation of lubricant formulation using plant-based oil, However, food security has caused concerns in development of new bio-lubricants. In this study, treated used cooking palm oil added with Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate and Molybdenum Disulphide nanoparticles were used as lubricant to assist the cutting of hardened martensitic stainless steel AISI420 using coated carbide tool. Surface roughness of the cut workpiece was investigated using a surface roughness tester. From the study, treated used cooking oil added with ZDDP and 0.8wt% MoS2 nanoparticles displayed the lowest average surface roughness of workpiece with Ra = 0.532µm and total roughness Rz = 4.006µm. This concluded that the new formulated bio-lubricant can successfully replace the readily available commercial cutting fluid as it produces a low surface roughness during cutting process.

Effect of doping the PM6:Y7 active layer with MoS2 nanospheres in organic solar cells

Herein, MoS2 nanostructures were synthetized and characterized, as well as PM6:Y7 based organic solar cells (OSCs) were fabricated, tested, and modelled through SCAPS-1D software. Devices were assembled and tested under regular atmosphere conditions including the top electrode Field's Metal (FM), which is a eutectic alloy of Bi, In and Sn easily deposited by melting it at ∼ 95 °C. The modelled binary OSCs through SCAPS-1D achieved a PCE of 14.2%. The active layer was doped with MoS2 nanoparticles at two different concentrations, 1 and 2% v/v, the reached experimental average PCE values were 9.1%, 10.2% and 9.3% for control devices, and for the two doping concentrations, respectively; it means a PCE percentage enhancement of 11.2% when doping at 1% of MoS2. The enhanced experimental PCE value could be partially explained because of the light absorption into the active layer through the localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) phenomenon induced by the nanostructures, among other optical phenomena such as light reflection and interference effects.

Tribological Improvement of Low-Viscosity Nanolubricants: MoO3, MoS2, WS2 and WC Nanoparticles as Additives

The aim of this research is studying the tribological performance of MoO3, MoS2, WS2 and WC nanoparticles as additives of PAO4. Pure sliding tribological tests were performed at 120 °C, finding outstanding friction and wear reductions in comparison with the PAO4, with maximum friction reductions of 64% for the 0.1 wt% MoS2 nanolubricant and greatest wear decreases for 0.1 wt% MoS2 nanolubricant: a width reduction of 62% and a worn area decrease of 97%. Raman mapping and a roughness evaluation of the worn pins confirmed the tribofilm formation and mending as tribological mechanisms. Rolling–sliding tests were conducted with best nanolubricants performance in pure sliding, observing excellent antifriction capabilities of MoS2 nanoparticles at low speeds, indicating that the use of nanoparticles is vital in boundary lubrication.