Morpholine Research Articles

Cellulose-based colorimetric/ratiometric fluorescence sensor for visual detecting amines and anti-counterfeiting

Many amines with high toxicity always cause a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health; thus, their detection is important. Herein, a dual-mode colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent sensor based on cellulose for detecting amines has been constructed by a new strategy. This sensor is made of a “negative response” indicator (Lum-MDI-CA) and a “positive response” indicator (perylene tetracarboxylic acid, PTCA). Lum-MDI-CA was obtained by attaching luminol onto cellulose chains, which emitted blue fluorescence and was quenched upon contact with amines. A possible mechanism of fluorescence quenching phenomenon is proposed by the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) of Lum-MDI-CA. Subsequently, by simply mixing Lum-MDI-CA with PTCA, a dual-mode fluorescence sensor was designed for visual detection and classification of amines. When adding ammonia (NH3), morpholine (MOR), benzylamine (BNZ), diethylamine (DEA), and triethylamine (TEA), respectively, the dual-mode sensor showed visible different color changes under both UV light and daylight. In addition, owing to the excellent processibility and formability of cellulose acetate backbone, the prepared sensor can be easily processed into different material forms, including inks, coatings, films, and fibers, which still exhibit excellent fluorescence emission. Such sensors based on cellulose fluorescent materials are of great value in anti-counterfeiting and information encryption.

Revealing the potential of cyclic amine morpholine (MOR) for CO2 capture through a comprehensive evaluation framework and rapid screening experiments

The present study comprehensively evaluates the CO2 capture performance of morpholine (MOR) at concentrations of 2 M, 5 M, and 7 M, comparing its effectiveness against conventional amines, monoethanolamine (MEA) and 2-(methylamino)ethanol (MAE). The assessment criteria include CO2 absorption rate, desorption rate, cyclic capacity, regeneration energy consumption, and relative economic cost. Utilizing 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technology, we analyzed the variations in ion concentration of the amine solvents under different CO2 loadings to reveal the reaction mechanisms of MOR with CO2. Our results demonstrate that MOR outperforms MEA and MAE in CO2 capture performance, particularly excelling in desorption efficiency. At a concentration of 7 M, MOR exhibited a 357.86% increase in average desorption rate and a 46% larger cyclic capacity compared to MEA. Additionally, MOR showed a 33.33% reduction in regeneration energy consumption and a 7.89% decrease in relative economic cost. The comprehensive evaluation method developed in this study indicates that MOR, with its high thermal stability and low corrosivity, maintains excellent CO2 capture performance at high amine concentrations, suggesting it as a promising absorbent for industrial applications. The findings contribute to the optimization of amine-based CO2 capture technologies and provide a robust framework for the selection and assessment of amine solvents, paving the way for more sustainable and cost-effective carbon capture solutions.

Synthesis of nano-sized SAPO-34 using a facile micron-meter seed processing method and their enhanced performance in methanol-to-olefin reactions

Homologous and heterologous micron-meter SAPO molecular sieves are treated facilely with morpholine (MOR) within a Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and used as seeds to synthesize nano-sized SAPO-34.

Basic Fuchsin Dye as the First Fluorophore for Optical Sensing of Morpholine in Fruits Crust and Urine Samples.

In this work, basic fuchsin (BF) dyestuff was presented as the first optical sensor used for the spectrofluorimetric assessment of morpholine (MOR) where BF exhibits morpholine-sensing behavior. The developed fluorimetric avenue is sensitive, facile, selective, and validated for assaying the sensitizing influence of MOR on the BF fluorescence in an aprotic dioxane solvent. Parameters like solvents, BF concentration, order, and time of addition that influence the fluorescence intensity of the probing system were addressed. Optimizing the analytical methodology revealed a linear fluorescence sensitization within the addition of MOR in the two concentration ranges of 5 × 10-9 to 1.0 × 10-7 mol L-1 and 2.0 × 10-7 to 3 × 10-6 mol L-1. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were estimated to be 2.0 × 10-9 mol L-1 (0.17 ng mL-1) and 6.66 × 10-9 mol L-1 (0.567 ng mL-1), respectively. High levels of accuracy and precision are achieved when assaying spiked MOR either in pure solutions or samples of fruit peel extract and human urine. Moreover, the green character and practicality/applicability of the method were evaluated by AGREE and BAGI metric tools. These merit outcomes provide insights into the development of fluorescent sensors for MOR detection using fluorescent dyes and meet the Food and Drug Administration's requirements for morpholine detection in real-life applications.

Investigation of the hydrogen bonded host‧‧‧guest and guest‧‧‧guest interactions present in complexes of a polyaromatic wheel-and-axle host compound with dioxane, morpholine, piperidine and pyridine

1,4-Bis(diphenylhydroxymethyl)benzene (H), a host compound possessing wheel-and-axle geometry, was found to possess host ability for dioxane (DIO), morpholine (MOR) and piperidine (PIP), forming inclusion compounds with each one with 1:2 host:guest ratios. This observation prompted an investigation of the host behaviour in mixtures of these guest compounds but where pyridine (PYR) was also considered (PYR was reported earlier to also form a 1:2 complex with H). In mixtures, H demonstrated significant affinities for, more especially, MOR and PIP, while DIO and PYR were usually disfavoured guest species. Single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments revealed that MOR (a favoured guest species) interacted by means of three hydrogen bonds with both adjacent guest and host molecules, plausibly explaining the host preference for this guest species; each of DIO, PYR and PIP were involved in only one interaction of this type with H. Total energy calculations revealed that the host-guest molecular pairs involving preferred MOR and PIP possessed significantly lower energies than those with disfavoured DIO and PYR. Thermal analyses demonstrated that the complex containing the least favoured guest compound, H‧2(DIO), possessed the lowest thermal stability of the four complexes, but these experiments did not clearly explain the affinity of H for MOR.

Toxicokinetic and mass balance of morpholine in rats

Morpholine (MOR) has a broad spectrum of use and represents high risk of human exposure. Ingested MOR can undergo endogenous N-nitrosation in the presence of nitrosating agents forming N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR), classified as possible human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In this study, we evaluated the MOR toxicokinetics in six groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats orally exposed to 14C-radiolabelled MOR and NaNO2. The major urinary metabolite of MOR, N-nitrosohydroxyethylglycine (NHEG), was measured through HPLC as an index of endogenous N-nitrosation. Mass balance and toxicokinetic profile of MOR were determined by measuring radioactivity in blood/plasma and excreta. MOR reached maximum blood concentration 30 minutes after administration. Elimination rate was rapid (70% in 8h). Most of the radioactivity was excreted in the urine (80.9 ± 0.5%) and unchanged 14C-MOR was the main compound excreted in the urine (84% of the dose recovered). 5.8% of MOR is not absorbed and/or was not recovered. Endogenous nitrosation of MOR was demonstrated by the detection of NHEG. The maximum conversion rate found was 13.3 ± 1.2% and seems to be impacted by the MOR/NaNO2 ratio. These results help refining our knowledge of the endogenous production of NMOR, a possible human carcinogen.

Geometrical and temperature impact on elucidation of intermolecular interactions for the binary mixtures of morpholine with aliphatic esters by thermodynamic, FTIR and DFT study

Abstract In this investigation, the binary solutions of morpholine (MP) with tert-butyl acetate (TBA), iso-butyl acetate (IBA), butyl acetate (BA) and butyl acrylate (BAC) were prepared for the densities (ρ) and speeds of sound (u) measurements at T = (303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15) K over the entire composition range and at atmospheric pressure (P = 0.1 MPa). From these data, excess thermodynamic properties such as excess molar volume ( V m E ${V}_{m}^{E}$ ), excess isentropic compressibility ( κ S E ${\kappa }_{S}^{E}$ ) and excess speeds of sound ( u E ${u}^{E}$ ) were calculated to elucidate the strength and types of intermolecular interactions between the component molecules. Redlich-Kister (RK) equation and Prigogine–Flory–Patterson (PFP) theory was applied to correlate the excess parameters and excess volumes, respectively. Further, intermolecular free length theory and collision frequency theory were used to correlate the speed of sound data. Shifting of bands (δν), bond length and hydrogen bond strength between the atoms were calculated from the experimental FTIR and DFT theoretical studies. The systematic increasing order of the intermolecular hydrogen bond strength between the two atoms in the studied binary systems as follows: TBA > IBA > BA > BAC.

Direct synthesis of Cu-SAPO-34 from solid phosphorus source for NH3-SCR reaction

Cu-SAPO-34 catalyst with CHA topology is widely used in the elimination of nitrogen oxides in automobile exhaust because of its excellent catalytic performance. A new method of directly synthesizing Cu-SAPO-34 from a new raw material instead of the original phosphorus source (phosphoric acid) was proposed. The new raw material AlPO4 can also act as an aluminum source in addition to serving as a phosphorus source. The two groups of samples took morpholine (MOR) and diethylamine (DEA) as templates respectively, and Cu-TEPA was used as Cu source to participate in the synthesis of the catalyst. The Cu-SAPO-34 catalysts had high NO conversion, and their activities were analyzed according to the characterization methods. The phase structure, active sites, strength of acid sites of Cu-SAPO-34 were analyzed by XRD, XPS, H2-TPR and NH3-TPD. In addition, the activity of directly synthesized Cu-SAPO-34 catalyst under different copper content and different template conditions was compared. The NO conversion of Cu0.05-SAPO-34-DT is 100% at 225–350 °C, while that of Cu0.05-SAPO-34-MT is more than 90% at 175–375 °C. As the raw material for direct synthesis of Cu-SAPO-34, AlPO4 not only reduces the synthesis cost, but also is more environmentally friendly.

Selective adsorption of trace morpholine impurities over N-ethyl morpholine by tetralactam solids.

The separation and especially the removal of morpholine (MOR) impurities from N-ethyl morpholine (NEM) is of great significance in the fine chemical industry. Herein, we offer a novel strategy for the selective adsorption of MOR over NEM by tetralactam solids. The adsorbent realized the purification of NEM by adsorbing traces of MOR impurities, such that the purity can be improved from around 98% to over 99.5%. Single crystal structures indicate that N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonding interactions are essential in the selective separation.

Rational Design of SAPO-34 Zeolite in Bifunctional Catalysts for Syngas Conversion into Light Olefins

Zeolites in bifunctional catalysts composed of a metal oxide and a zeolite (OX-ZEO) play a crucial role in conversion of generated intermediates during the reaction. In this work, a series of SAPO-34 zeolites were hydrothermally synthesized using different templates, i.e., morpholine (MOR), diethylamine (DEA), tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide (TEAOH), and their mixture. The effects of templates, SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios on the zeolite structure, and surface properties were investigated, and the catalytic performance over SAPO-34 combined with GaZrOx oxide for the conversion of syngas into light olefins was explored. SAPO-34 synthesized using a MOR or DEA template exhibits large particle sizes, while the TEAOH or TEAOH-contained templates contribute to the small particle size and large specific surface area. SAPO-34 with small particle sizes benefits to enhance the CO conversion and C2–4= selectivity, and the increase in Brønsted acid site amounts slightly reduced the C2–4= selectivity when the particle size of SAPO-34 is small and varied a little. SAR0.4-TD with a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 0.4 exhibits the highest space–time yield of light olefins of 261.0 mL·h–1·g–1 at a CO conversion of 28.0%. Moreover, the carbon deposition and the evolution of carbonaceous species for the spent GaZrOx/SAPO-34 catalyst were studied to analyze the reason for catalyst deactivation.

Synthesis of stacked spherical hierarchical SAPO-34 zeolite and its methanol to olefin catalytic performance

In this paper, stacked spherical hierarchical SAPO-34 zeolite was synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization with tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) and morpholine (MOR) as composite template by adding cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as mesoporogen and crystal growth inhibitor. The effects of different templates and CTAB amount on SAPO-34 zeolite was investigated by XRD, SEM, NH3-TPD, and BET. The results showed that hierarchical SAPO-34 zeolite with high MTO catalytic performance was synthesized. With the increase amount of CTAB, the morphology of SAPO-34 zeolite changed from cubic to stacked spherical. Furthermore, the use of composite template could also greatly reduce the synthesis cost of SAPO-34 zeolite, which was of significance for its industrial development.

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography Identification and Quantification of Morpholine Residual Content in Cobicistat After Derivatization

A derivatization HPLC procedure has been developed to identify and enumerate morpholine (MPE) in cobicistat (CCT) pharmaceutical active substances. MPE react with acetonitrile solution of 1-Naphthyl isothiocyanate to produce stable MPE derivative. The MPE derivative produced was identified and enumerated by HPLC based procedure. The linearity range of MPE was 0.3002675–1.201070 μg/mL with good squared correlation (0.9995), and limits of detection and quantification were 0.1000 μg/mL and 0.3001 μg/mL, respectively. Low (50% of specification quantity), medium (100% of specification quantity), and high (150% of specification quantity) concentrations of MPE were added in CCT samples to evaluate recovery rate. The added recovery rate ranged from 97.9% to 100.4%. The precision value was 0.79% relative standard deviation. The developed procedure also has good selectivity and robustness. This quantitative procedure for MPE can successfully be implemented to analyse the MPE residual quantities in CCT pharmaceutical active substances.

An AIEgen-based photosensitizer for lysosome imaging and photodynamic therapy in tumor

Lysosome is an indispensable organelle and its dysfunction often leads to some neurodegenerative diseases. Traditional fluorescent lysosome probes usually have conjugate structures and the π-π stacking can lead to aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), which limits its application in bioimaging. In this work, we have designed an AIEgen-based photosensitizer MP-TPEDCH by introducing a lysosome-targeting moiety of 4-(2-chloroethyl)morpholine (MP) to a fluorescent AIE skeleton TPEDCH. The optimized structure calculated by density functional theory (DFT) reveals it has a propeller-shaped conformation, which severely inhibits the intermolecular π-π stacking interaction and therefore results in fluorescence quenching in the isolate state. Moreover, it has a broad emission wavelength up to 850 nm and exhibits typical AIE features. The electronic clouds on highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) are effectively separated, suggesting MP-TPEDCH had a small singlet-triplet energy gap. Encouragingly, it has been demonstrated that MP-TPEDCH showed high photostability, excellent lysosome targeting specificity, well ROS generation ability and dramatically enhanced antitumor effect under NIR irradiation. The proposed probe not only expands the family of lysosome imaging agents but also provides a new strategy for preparing effective photosensitizers in cancer treatment.

Host selectivity behaviour of trans-N,N′-bis(9-phenyl-9-xanthenyl)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine and trans-N,N′-bis(9-phenyl-9-thioxanthenyl)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine when presented with six-membered heterocyclic guest mixtures

Two compounds, trans-N,N′-bis(9-phenyl-9-xanthenyl)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine (1,2-DAX) and trans-N,N′-bis(9-phenyl-9-thioxanthenyl)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine (1,2-DAT), were assessed for their host ability in the presence of four heterocyclic guest species, namely pyridine (PYR), piperidine (PIP), morpholine (MOR) and dioxane (DIO). Each of these guests formed single solvent complexes with both host compounds. When 1,2-DAX and 1,2-DAT were recrystallized from various guest mixtures, it was shown that their selectivity orders were identical, DIO (46.6%) > MOR (23.0%) > PYR (18.9%) > PIP (11.5%) and DIO (85.9%) > MOR (23.7%) > PYR (8.9%) > PIP (8.5%), respectively, but that the thio host derivative possessed a significantly enhanced preference for DIO compared with its oxygen analogue. Additional experiments in order to investigate the various parameters at play in these complexation experiments involved single crystal diffraction experiments and thermal analyses.

Atmospheric Emissions of Amino-Methyl-Propanol, Piperazine and Their Degradation Products During the 2019-20 ALIGN-CCUS Campaign at the Technology Centre Mongstad

In the frame of the 2019-20 ALIGN-CCUS campaign, the amine plant at the Technology Centre Mongstad (TCM) was operated with the CESAR 1 solvent, i.e. an aqueous solution of 2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol (AMP) and piperazine (PZ), for removing carbon dioxide from the flue gas of Equinor’s combined cycle gas turbine plant. An online Proton-Transfer-Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) was used for quantifying atmospheric emissions of AMP and PZ, as well as emissions of amine degradation products and solvent impurities. Mean and median AMP levels emitted to the atmosphere over an operational period of 13 weeks were 562 and 377 ppb, respectively. PZ emissions to the atmosphere were much lower, with mean and median levels being 6.0 and 0.4 ppb, respectively. Three small carbonyl species (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone) were emitted at levels of tens to hundreds of ppb. Nitrogen-containing degradation products and impurities of solvent amines with mean emission levels >1 ppb included the following compounds: monomethylamine (MMA), formamide (FA), morpholine (MOR), 4,4-dimethyloxazolidine (DMO), 2-methyl-2-(methylamino)propan-1-ol (MeAMP), 4-acetylmorpholine (AMOR) and a compound with a molecular sum formula of C8H14N2, which we tentatively assigned to an alkylated imidazole or pyrazole. Low (<5 ppm) emissions of AMP were associated with a low flue gas temperature (<38 °C) and large temperature gradient between the two water wash sections.

The absorption of SO2 by morpholine cyclic amines with sulfolane as the solvent for flue gas

The absorption properties of N-(2-hydroxyethyl) morpholine (HEM), morpholine (MP) and N-(2-aminoethyl) morpholine (AEM) for SO2 were studied using sulfolane (SUL) as solvent in this work. Among these solvent combinations, HEM/SUL shows the best cyclic absorption performance, and the capacity of HEM-SUL-40 (40 wt% of HEM and 60 wt% of SUL) to absorb 8580 mg/m3 SO2 (the remainder is N2) is 192.18 mg/g at 293.15 K. The absorption capacity of the second cycle is 97.5% of the first absorption cycle, which is higher than 70% of the Cansolv amine solution in a commercial application with similar experimental conditions. However, MP/SUL is difficult to desorb at high temperature, and the absorption capacity of AEM/SUL is much lower than HEM/SUL and MP/SUL. According to the FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, all three cyclic amines have charge transfer effects with SO2. The structure of HEM/SUL can be recovered after heating, but MP cannot be recovered. ΔrGm° in the reaction against HEM with SO2 increases significantly with increasing temperature. The ΔrGm° of HEM-SO2 and MP-SO2 at 353.15 K is −12.56 kJ/mol and −16.29 kJ/mol, respectively, which further explains the easy desorption of HEM-SO2 and the difficult desorption of MP-SO2 at high temperature.

Test of antimicrobial activity of morpholine 2-(5-(3-fluorophenyl) -4-amino-1,2,4-triazol-3-ilthio) acetate (BKP-115) by experimental model of pancreatitis in rats

The purpose of this research was to study the anti-inflammatory properties of morpholine 2-(5-(3-fluorophenyl) -4-amino-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio) acetate (BKP-115) in intramuscular and intragastric introduction on the model of experimental pancreatitis in rats. Determination of the anti-inflammatory activity of the substance morpholine 2- (5- (3-fluorophenyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio) acetate was performed on 68 male rats with a starting weight of 180-200 g, which were kept in standard vivarium conditions. Since the main chain of pathogenesis of AP is the activation and influence of proteolytic enzymes of the pancreas, the toxic-infectious model was chosen – the introduction of trypsin into the tissue of the pancreas. The introduction of trypsin in animals resulted in pancreatitis with endogenous intoxication, inflammation of the tissue of the pancreas and violation of the liver functional state. As a result, one animal died in the positive control group. Prophylactic i/g and i/v injection of the BKP-115 substance contributed to a significant reduction in the content of MAW (molecules of average weight) and CIM (circulating immune complexes) in animals from control and intact groups, indicated a decrease in the level of endogenous intoxication and detoxification properties of tested substance. The highest effectiveness of BKP-115 was registered after intragastric injection. Animals from this group had similar parameters with animals injected by “Contryven” and from intact control. Intramuscular injection of BKP-115 had therapeutic effect on experimental pancreatitis and endogenous intoxication, but it was less effective after intragastric injection and had weaker efficiency than “Contryven”.

Four xanthenyl-derived compounds: a comparative investigation of their host behaviour in the presence potential saturated and unsaturated heterocyclic six-membered ring guest solvents

Four xanthenyl-derived host compounds, namely trans-N,N′-bis(9-phenyl-9-xanthenyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (1,4-DAX), trans-N,N′-bis(9-phenyl-9-thioxanthenyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (1,4-DAT), N,N′-bis(9-cyclohexyl-9-xanthenyl)ethylenediamine (OED) and N,N′-bis(9-cyclohexyl-9-thioxanthenyl)ethylenediamine (SED) were assessed for their selectivity behaviour in the presence of both the saturated and unsaturated heterocyclic six-membered ring guest solvents morpholine (MOR), piperidine (PIP), dioxane (DIO) and pyridine (PYR). Related compounds OED and SED behaved similarly when each was recrystallized from mixtures of these guests, both selecting for MOR and discriminating against PYR, while, surprisingly, the performance of structurally-similar 1,4-DAX and 1,4-DAT in equivalent conditions, on the other hand, was entirely contrasting: only 1,4-DAX formed complexes from such guest mixtures and 1,4-DAT failed to do so in each instance. Furthermore, 1,4-DAX preferred PYR, an observation distinct from that of OED and SED. Single crystal diffraction (SCXRD) experiments were carried out on suitable crystals formed by 1,4-DAX with these guests, and it was revealed that the preference for PYR may be attributed to both host–guest π–π interactions and a shorter H-bond between molecules of the host and PYR compared with other complexes. SCXRD experiments were not possible for OED, SED and 1,4-DAT owing to either the inability of the host compound to complex with these guests or poor crystal quality of the resultant complexes.

Thermal degradation kinetics of morpholine for carbon dioxide capture

Deterioration of amines under process operating conditions for sour gas treatment is a severe problem. New amines are being investigated to replace conventional amines which face operational, economic and environmental challenges. Morpholine (MOR) is an understudied amine for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture which comes with good CO2 capture characteristics like CO2 absorption rate, CO2 solubility etc. This study investigates the stability of aqueous morpholine under stripper conditions. Effect of CO2 loading and temperature have been investigated on the degradation kinetics of MOR. CO2 loading is varied from 0 to 0.48 mol CO2/mol alkalinity and temperatures is varied 135–190 °C. Thermal degradation experiments were conducted using 316 stainless steel cylinders, closed with Swagelok® endcaps. The degraded samples were analyzed by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS), Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-QToF-MS) for morpholine concentration and identification of degradation products. Morpholine demonstrated higher stability up to 150 °C. However, higher degradation rate is found at temperatures 175 °C and above. Degradation rate increases with CO2 loading. Identified degradation products are tabulated in the text and reaction mechanisms for formation of some of the key degradation products are also provided. A kinetic model for the rate of degradation of morpholine is proposed, which shows a decent agreement with experimental data. Comparison shows that morpholine is thermally more stable compared to monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and piperazine (PZ).

Synthesis of nano-sized SAPO-34 with morpholine-treated micrometer-seeds and their catalytic performance in methanol-to-olefin reactions

Uniformly nano-sized SAPO-34 zeotypes were synthesized using morpholine (MOR)-treated micrometer-sized SAPO-34 (MS-SAPO-34) seeds and MOR as the template. The samples were prepared with different amounts of MOR-treated MS-SAPO-34 seeds and characterized by XRD, SEM, ICP-OES, N2 adsorption-desorption, NH3-TPD, 29Si NMR, TGA and GC–MS. Using MOR-treated MS-SAPO-34 seeds decreased the crystal size of the SAPO-34 to 200–500 nm. In addition, the samples prepared with MOR-treated MS-SAPO-34 seeds had larger external surface areas, lower Si contents, and lower concentration and weaker strength of the strong acid sites than conventional SAPO-34. The effects of MOR treatment time on the seed properties and on the subsequent SAPO-34 fabrication were also investigated. After MOR-treatment of the MS-SAPO-34 seeds for 30 h, micrometer-sized seeds were broken into nanoparticles, which was indispensable for successful synthesis of nano-sized SAPO-34. When studied as a catalyst for the methanol to olefin reaction, the nano-sized SAPO-34 exhibited excellent catalytic performance.