Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire Research Articles

The mediating role of decision-making styles in the relationship between morningness-eveningness preference and gambling involvement

It has been reported that evening-types are related to several risk-taking behaviour, including gambling. Both morningness-eveningness preference and gambling disorders have been associated with specific decision-making styles. The present study aimed to assess the relationship among morningness-eveningness preference, gambling disorder, and decision-making styles. Three-hundred and seventy-four volunteers (31.93 ± 12.75 years; 43.30 % males) completed the reduced version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, the General Decision-Making Style inventory, and the South Oaks Gambling Screen. The results showed that evening-types reported higher scores on the gambling severity especially for men, as well as on the Spontaneous decision-making style, whereas morning-types scored lower on the gambling severity and higher on the Rational decision-making style. The correlation analysis showed the associations between morningness-eveningness preference and gambling severity, Rational and Spontaneous styles, as well as the associations between gambling severity and Rational, Avoidant and Spontaneous styles. Mediation analysis demonstrated that morning-types were more rational, and, in turn, the Rational scale was negatively associated with SOGS. The analysis also showed that evening-types were more avoidant in their decision-making styles, and, in turn, this tendency to avoid decision-making significantly predicted gambling severity. The results are discussed with reference to circadian phase (and its changes) and amplitude.

The association between chronotype profile and temporomandibular disorders among college students.

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are common in young adults, and the link between chronotype profile and TMDs is unclear. This study examined TMD prevalence and chronotype distribution and explored the relationship between chronotype and TMDs in young adults. A total of 663 students from Sichuan University completed questionnaires. Chronotype profiles were assessed using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and TMDs were screened using the Fonseca Memory Index. To validate the findings, 68 TMD patients and 136 controls were enrolled. The prevalence of TMDs was 69.7%, with significant differences among chronotype profiles. The intermediate profile was the most common chronotype. Eveningness profile was associated with higher TMDs prevalence and severity. Muscle pain and side movement difficulty scores were higher in eveningness and intermediate profiles. Female gender (OR 2.345; 95% CI 1.668-3.297) was a TMD risk factor, while morningness profile (OR 0.537; 95% CI 0.297-0.970) was protective. Validation with TMD patients and controls supported these findings, showing higher eveningness profile prevalence in the TMD groups. TMDs have a high prevalence in college students, chronotype profiles shown to be associated with TMDs. Morningness is the protection factor in TMDs and PT, eveningness is a risk factor for IT.

Interaction between adolescent sleep rhythms and gender in an obese population.

The obesity rate of adolescents is gradually increasing, which seriously affects their mental health, and sleep plays an important role in adolescent obesity. To investigate the relationship between sleep rhythm and obesity among adolescents and further explores the interactive effect of sleep rhythm and gender on adolescent obesity, providing a theoretical basis for developing interventions for adolescent obesity. Research data source Tianjin Mental Health Promotion Program for Students. From April to June 2022, this study selected 14201 students from 13 middle schools in a certain district of Tianjin as the research subject using the convenient cluster sampling method. Among these students, 13374 accepted and completed the survey, with an effective rate of 94.2%.The demographic data and basic information of adolescents, such as height and weight, were collected through a general situation questionnaire. The sleep rhythm of adolescents was evaluated using the reduced version of the morningness-eveningness questionnaire. A total of 13374 participants (6629 females, accounting for 49.56%; the average age is 15.21 ± 1.433 years) were analyzed. Among them, the survey showed that 2942 adolescent were obesity, accounting for 22% and 2104 adolescent were overweight, accounting for 15.7%. Among them, 1692 male adolescents are obese, with an obesity rate of 25.1%, higher than 18.9% of female adolescents. There is a statistically significant difference between the three groups (χ2 = 231.522, P < 0.000). The obesity group has the smallest age (14.94 ± 1.442 years), and there is a statistical difference in age among the three groups (F = 69.996, P < 0.000).Obesity rates are higher among individuals who are not-only-child, have residential experience within six months, have family economic poverty, and have evening-type sleep (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis shows a correlation between sleep rhythm and adolescent obesity. Evening-type sleep rhythm can increase the risk of obesity in male adolescents [1.250 (1.067-1.468)], but the effect on female obesity is not remarkable. Further logistic regression analysis in the overall population demonstrates that the interaction between evening-type sleep rhythm and the male gender poses a risk of adolescent obesity [1.122 (1.043-1.208)]. Among adolescents, the incidence of obesity in males is higher than in females. Evening-type sleep rhythm plays an important role in male obesity but has no significant effect on female obesity. Progressive analysis suggests an interactive effect of sleep rhythm and gender on adolescent obesity, and the combination of evening-type sleep and the male gender promotes the development of adolescent obesity. In formulating precautions against adolescent obesity, obesity in male adolescents with evening-type sleep should be a critical concern.

Evening Chronotypes With Depression Report Poorer Outcomes of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: A Survey-Based Study of Self-Ratings

BackgroundPreliminary evidence suggests that evening chronotype is related to poorer efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. It is unknown whether this is specific to particular medications, self-rated chronotype, or efficacy. MethodsIn the Australian Genetics of Depression Study (n = 15,108; 75% women; 18–90 years; 68% with ≥1 other lifetime diagnosis), a survey recorded experiences with 10 antidepressants, and the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was used to estimate chronotype. A chronotype polygenic score was calculated. Age- and sex-adjusted regression models (Bonferroni-corrected) estimated associations among antidepressant variables (how well the antidepressant worked [efficacy], duration of symptom improvement, side effects, discontinuation due to side effects) and self-rated and genetic chronotypes. ResultsThe chronotype polygenic score explained 4% of the variance in self-rated chronotype (r = 0.21). Higher self-rated eveningness was associated with poorer efficacy of escitalopram (odds ratio [OR] = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.06; p = .000035), citalopram (OR = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05; p = .004), fluoxetine (OR = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05; p = .001), sertraline (OR = 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.04; p = .0008), and desvenlafaxine (OR = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05; p = .004), and a profile of increased side effects (80% of those recorded; ORs = 0.93–0.98), with difficulty getting to sleep the most common. Self-rated chronotype was unrelated to duration of improvement or discontinuation. The chronotype polygenic score was only associated with suicidal thoughts and attempted suicide (self-reported). While our measures are imperfect, and not of circadian phase under controlled conditions, the model coefficients suggest that dysregulation of the phenotypic chronotype relative to its genetic proxy drove relationships with antidepressant outcomes. ConclusionsThe idea that variation in circadian factors influences response to antidepressants was supported and encourages exploration of circadian mechanisms of depressive disorders and antidepressant treatments.

Development and validation of a French version of the morningness-eveningness questionnaire

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to validate a French version (FMEQ) of the morningness–eveningness questionnaire (MEQ). Study 1 consisted of a translation by experts and an evaluation. The FMEQ and MEQ were proposed to 19 bilingual participants (age = 38.7 ± 13.7 years). Strong correlations between MEQ and FMEQ were obtained for most items. Study 2 tested the factorial structure and reliability of the FMEQ on a sample of 187 participants (20.46 ± 1.31 years). The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model had a good fit (χ2/df = 1.8; SRMR = 0.057) and a good reliability (Cronbach’s alphas = 0.8). Concerning the temporal stability (20 participants: 20.48 ± 1.04 years), the Pearson r correlation coefficient for test–retest reliability was 0.87 (p < 0.001). Study 3 examined the predictive validity with 42 participants (19.52 ± 2.08 years). The global score of the FMEQ was significantly correlated with the time of peak temperature, wake-up time and bedtime. We did not observe superiority of a three-factors solution of the FMEQ. From now on, French subjects chronotype could be rigorously scored, and results from MEQ and FMEQ could be compared.

Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of Reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire: Results From a General Population-Based Sample.

Chronotype refers to individual variations in diurnal preferences that manifest as everyday behaviors, including sleep patterns. Traditionally, the Horne &amp; Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), which comprises of 19 items, has been the standard for determining chronotype. However, its length makes it cumbersome for widespread application. To address this issue, the reduced MEQ (rMEQ), a concise version containing only five items from the MEQ, was developed for a more practical approach to chronotype assessment. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of Korean version of rMEQ in a sample from the general Korean population. The Korean version of the rMEQ comprises of items 1, 7, 10, 18, and 19 of the original MEQ. The validity of the rMEQ was assessed by correlating its scores with those of the MEQ and Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ). Its reliability was determined by calculating internal consistency. A total of 3,030 individuals participated in the study, yielding an average rMEQ score of 14.0 ± 3.4. There was a substantial positive correlation between the rMEQ and MEQ scores (r = 0.859, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the rMEQ scores were significantly negatively correlated with the midpoint of sleep on free days corrected for sleep debt as measured by the MCTQ (r = -0.388, P < 0.001), indicating a robust association with chronotype. The internal consistency of rMEQ, measured using Cronbach's alpha, was 0.609. This study finds the Korean version of the rMEQ to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing chronotype in the general population.

Patient-reported outcomes on sleep quality and circadian rhythm during treatment with intravenous ketamine for treatment-resistant depression.

Intravenous (IV) ketamine is a rapid acting antidepressant used primarily for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). It has been suggested that IV ketamine's rapid antidepressant effects may be partially mediated via improved sleep and changes to the circadian rhythm. This study explores IV ketamine's association with changes in patient-reported sleep quality and circadian rhythm in an adult population with TRD. Adult patients (18-64 years) with TRD scheduled for IV ketamine treatment were recruited to complete patient rated outcomes measures on sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and circadian rhythm using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Over a 4-week course of eight ketamine infusions, reports were obtained at baseline (T0), prior to second treatment (T1), prior to fifth treatment (T2), and 1 week after eighth treatment (T3). Forty participants with TRD (mean age = 42.8, 45% male) were enrolled. Twenty-nine (72.5%) had complete follow-up data. Paired t tests revealed statistically significant improvements at the end of treatment in sleep quality (PSQI) (p = 0.003) and depressive symptoms (Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale-Depression, p < 0.001) while circadian rhythm (MEQ) shifted earlier (p = 0.007). The PSQI subscale components of sleep duration (p = 0.008) and daytime dysfunction (p = 0.001) also improved. In an exploratory post hoc analysis, ketamine's impact on sleep quality was more prominent in patients with mixed features, while its chronobiotic effect was prominent in those without mixed features. IV ketamine may improve sleep quality and advance circadian rhythm in individuals with TRD. Effects may differ in individuals with mixed features of depression as compared to those without. Since this was a small uncontrolled study, future research is warranted.

Association of Nutritional Pattern with Sleeping Pattern among Malaysian University Students

Good nutrition is crucial for overall health and well-being as well as plays a vital role in supporting growth, development, and disease prevention. Meanwhile sleep is important for maintaining good physical health, cognitive function, emotional well-being, and overall quality of life. Nutritional intake and the sleep quality are believed to be associated with each other. According to National Sleep Foundation, eating habit can be crucial to the quality of sleep. University students are the population that may be at risk for poor sleep quality and unhealthy eating habits due to few factors including the academic pressure as the major factor. Most research focused on the link between diet and sleep quality has been focused on general adults or particular gender. As a result, there has been less research focused on the relationship between sleep and nutrition among young adults and university students in particular especially in Malaysia setting of culture. Thus, this study came out with the objective to determine the nutritional pattern, sleeping pattern and the association between each other among the students of Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus. The quantitative research design was being used in conducting this study and there were 103 (n=103) of students across faculty in UiTM Puncak Alam Campus who participated as the respondents. The study used a set of questionnaires which include few items such as Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire (CP-Q), Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as the instrument. The instruments were included in a single link of Google Form and distributed online. The data obtained then being analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software. Throughout the frequency analysis, it has been found that majority of the students developed emotional eating habit and most of the students are intermediate type which mean do not strongly lean towards being either a morning type or an evening type. Hence, chi-square test between the eating behavior and the morningness-eveningness type show a significant association (chi square = 10.788, df = 4. Sig = .029) which mean, the nutritional pattern indeed influences the sleeping pattern. This findings on the association of nutritional patterns and sleeping patterns among Malaysian university students have across-the-board implications for students, educators, and government stakeholders in the context of higher education and public health management.

Dependence of Cerebral Oxygenation and Task Performance on Coloured Light Exposure and Chronotype: Blue and Red Do Not Have the Same Effects on the Prefrontal Cortex.

In our previous studies, we investigated the right-left asymmetry (RLA) of cerebral tissue oxygenation (StO2) at rest in humans and the influence of the individual chronotype (i.e. individual chronobiological disposition) on StO2. The aim of the current study was to investigate (i) whether the RLA exists during a cognitive task and coloured light exposure (CLE), and (ii) how changes in StO2 induced by CLE and cognitive performance during a 2-back task are related to the subject's chronotype. 36 healthy subjects (22 female, 14 male, age 26.3 ± 5.7 years) were studied twice on two different days. They were exposed to a sequence of blue followed by red light or vice versa in a randomised crossover study design. During CLE, subjects were asked to perform a 2-back task. We measured StO2 of the right and left prefrontal cortex (PFC) as well as the right and left visual cortex with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). At the behavioural level, we recorded the number of correct and incorrect answers given by the subjects. The chronotype was determined with the Horne and Östberg morningness-eveningness questionnaire. (i) We found that the blue and red light caused a RLA in the PFC. For red light exposure, the 2-back performance was negatively correlated with StO2 in the right PFC (r=-0.283, p=0.016), and for blue light, exposure in the left PFC (r=-0.326, p=0.005). (ii) 83% of subjects who performed the 2-back task at their optimal time of day according to their chronotype showed increased and higher changes in StO2 (ΔStO2>1%) compared to subjects who did not exercise at their optimal time of day. (iii) No correlation was found between chronotype and 2-back task performance (red: p=0.38; blue: p=0.42). We found for the first time that blue and red lightexposure target different regions of the PFC during performance of a 2-back task, which can be explained by the approach and withdrawal model. These results illustrate that studying the subregions (i.e. right, left, and even centre) of the cortex provides a better understanding of the CLE effects in the human brain. Our study also shows that individual chronotype plays an important role in the individual changes in StO2 induced by CLE.

Effect of Sleep Quality on Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Eveningness Chronotypes.

To determine the effect of sleep quality on mitochondrial DNA copy number in eveningness chronotype. Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Physiology, Islamic International Medical College, in collaboration with Genetic Resource Centre, from August 2022 to May 2023. A total of 80 participants with eveningness chronotype based on the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire were recruited. The participants' sleep quality was assessed using Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Accordingly, they were categorised into Group A (good sleep quality) and Group B (poor sleep quality) with 40 participants in each group. After extracting DNA using the Chelex method, mitochondrial DNA copy number of all participants was measured using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The mean values in both groups were analysed by Independent-samples t-test. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA copy number in both groups showed normal distribution after being transformed into logarithmic values. The mean value of Group A (2.65 ± 0.26) exhibited a significant increase in mitochondrial DNA copy number (95% CI: 0.18, 0.44; p <0.001) as compared to that in Group B (2.34 ± 0.29). People with good sleep quality have a higher mtDNA-CN than those with poor sleep quality. Good sleep quality may counteract negative effects of increased oxidative stress brought on by eveningness behaviour, thus leading to better mitochondrial function and increased mitochondrial biogenesis that was indicated by higher mtDNA-CN in individuals who experience good sleep quality. Mitochondria, Mitochondrial DNA copy number, Sleep quality, Chronotype.

Patients With Hemangioblastoma: Mood Disorders and Sleep Quality.

Sleep has confirmed physical, psychological, and behavioral benefits, and disruptions can result in disturbances in these states. Moreover, it can be linked bidirectionally with susceptibility to and the subsequent status of brain tumors. The current study examined mood disorders and sleep quality before and after surgery for hemangioblastoma brain tumors. Thirty-two patients diagnosed with hemangioblastoma brain tumors between 2017 and 2023 underwent surgical treatment. The Karnofsky Performance Status and ECOG performance status scales, the Brunel Mood Scale, the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and the Mini-Sleep Questionnaire were employed to assess the patients. The findings indicate that after surgery, sleep quality and mood disorders, including tension, vigor, and depression, did not exhibit significant differences in these patients (p>0.05). However, tension, vigor, depression, and sleep quality did have a significant impact on their functional status post-surgery (p<0.05). Depression is the significant mood factor in patients with brain tumors that impact their functional status. In this context, it is recommended that psychological therapies be considered for them, alongside conducting more comprehensive and in-depth studies on psychological disorders in patients with brain tumors.

Significant contribution of chronotype to emotional well-being in chronic psychiatric outpatients in Greece

Circadian rhythms are pivotal for human functioning, and their disruption holds significant implications for well-being. One common source for circadian disruptions is circadian misalignment that can be related to chronotypes. Chronotypes refer to an individual's preferred timing for sleep and wakefulness. Individuals with late chronotypes are at a disadvantage in the morning-oriented modern world and are demonstrated to have negative consequences in many aspects of life. In the context of psychiatric disorders, chronotypes are related to prevalence of disorders and to treatment effects but less attention is given to the relationship between chronotype and well-being in chronic psychiatric patients. The current study aims to elucidate the extent to which individual chronotypes contribute to emotional well-being within a cohort of individuals with chronic psychiatric disorder in outpatient clinic.Participants (n = 100) were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the 3rd Department of Psychiatry, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece, and the AX Mental Health Outpatient Clinic in Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Most participants were diagnosed within the F2 cluster, Psychotic disorders (n = 38), or F3 cluster, Mood (affective) disorders (n = 48). The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) was employed to assess chronotype. The STAI-Y1, CES-D, QoL Uniscale and RASS Questionnaires were used to assess aspects of emotional well-being. A single measure of emotional well-being was generated using Z-score transformation. Student's t-test, ANOVAs and Pearson's correlations were used to identify parameters contributing to emotional well-being, followed by a comprehensive regression model.Results show a significant contribution to emotional well-being by “psychiatric diagnosis” with schizophrenia/schizoaffective patients showing better emotional well-being compared with the “other” group, “receiving treatment” with patients receiving treatment showing higher score than ones who do not receive treatment, and “morningness/eveningness preference” where morningness was associated with higher score of emotional well-being. No other demographic or health-related parameters were significantly associated with emotional well-being score.These findings clearly indicate the critical importance of chronotypes to the emotional well-being of chronic psychiatric patients. Additional thought and research should explore possible chronotherapy interventions that will address this issue in patients.

Pressure Pain Sensitivity and Chronotype: A Population-based Study of Middle-aged Finns

Evening chronotype individuals experience pain more often than morning chronotypes, but relationships with pain sensitivity have rarely been studied. We examined whether chronotype is associated with pressure pain sensitivity, with special reference to mental health disorders, insomnia, and chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain as potential moderating factors. The study sample consisted of members of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 aged 46. Pressure pain threshold and tolerance were measured via the standardized protocol, categorized as lowest quartile versus others. Chronotype (morning [M; the reference], intermediate [I], and evening [E]) was defined using the Short Morningness-Eveningness questionnaire. Sex-stratified binary logistic regression models were separately adjusted for education, body mass index, long-term diseases (fully adjusted model), and for mental health disorders, insomnia, and chronic MSK pain (a residual confounding analysis). Interaction terms (Chronotype × Mental health/insomnia/chronic MSK pain) were tested. The study had 2,132 males and 2,830 females. The E-type males had 1.5-fold odds of having a low pain threshold (fully adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.45, 95% confidence interval 1.05–2.00) and pressure pain tolerance (fully adjusted OR 1.47, 1.07–2.02), in comparison to M-types. Having a mental health disorder intensified the association with low pain threshold fourfold (4.06, 1.56–10.6). Being an E-type female was also associated with a low pain threshold, but the association was statistically nonsignificant (fully adjusted OR 1.18, .90–1.53). No statistically significant interactions were found among females. These results emphasize the role of chronotype in pain sensitivity and add an understanding of pain experience in light of innate circadian types. PerspectiveMale evening chronotypes are more sensitive to pain than morning chronotypes. Diagnosed mental health disorders in particular indicate a low pain threshold for evening chronotype males.

Chronotype, Eating Habits, and Body Mass Index in First-Year Undergraduate Medical Program Students

This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the correlation between chronotype and body mass index (BMI) in medical students, mediated by energy intake, and to explore eating habits. There were 46 participants who completed Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and Chrononutrition-Profile Questionnaire in the Indonesia version and a 3 days of 24-hour food record. Participants’ weight and height were measured by microtoise and digital body weight scale. Additionally, univariate and correlation analyses were conducted to identify the correlation of the variables. The study found no significant difference in the correlation between chronotype preference and BMI, chronotype preference and energy intake, and BMI and energy intake. Medical students had a habit of eating breakfast, even skipping breakfast, having dinner later, consuming the highest energy at lunchtime, and consuming high-calorie, high-fat, and high-sugar foods at night. The study revealed no significant correlation between chronotype, eating habits, and BMI. However, the eveningness medical students have bad eating habits.

HUBUNGAN KRONOTIPE DENGAN DERAJAT NYERI DISMENORE PADA REMAJA PUTRI

Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common menstrual disorders in young women. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls in Indonesia ranges from 16.8-81%. Girls with dysmenorrhea symptoms have a higher risk of decreased activity, experiencing hip strain, back pain, headaches, and fatigue. In school children, it can interfere with learning activities and concentration, causing academic decline. Dysmenorrhea is influenced by several factors from daily activities and habits. Activity can affect a person's sleep and wake schedule. The difference in sleep and activity schedules of each person is known as kronotipe. The study aimed to determine the relationship between kronotipe and the degree of dysmenorrhea pain in adolescent girls at SMKN 1 Doko Blitar. The research was conducted in August-September 2021. The population of the study was 60 students of SMK 1 Doko in Blitar district aged 15-18 years old, non-smoking, and who want to join this study. The research plan is a cross-sectional study using MEQ-SA (Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire Self-Assessment Version), and the dysmenorrhea questionnaire. Data analysis uses the chi-square test. The result of chi-square test showed a significant correlation between the kronotipe with the degree of dysmenorrhea pain (p-value= 0,000). There is a significant relationship between chronotype and the degree of dysmenorrhea pain. Adolescent girls need to set a regular sleep schedule to have an appropriate chronotype to reduce dysmenorrhea pain during menstruation.

The effect of time of day on Special Judo Fitness Test in active judokas: Evaluation in terms of chronotype

ABSTRACT The present cross-sectional study aims to examine the effect of time of day on the judo-specific performance in judokas, considering their chronotypes. Twenty-four male judokas participated in the study where the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was administered, and on it, they were divided into morning-type (MT:12-judokas) and evening-type groups (ET:12-judokas). Afterwards, the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) was applied to both groups at three different times (morning: 09:00 h, afternoon: 13:00 h and evening: 17:00 h) with body temperature measured before and after every SJFT performance. As a result, the Group*Test Time interaction significantly affected overall throwing performance during SJFT [F(2,44) = 29.437, p = 0.001, η2p: .572]. Furthermore, a significant time effect was found for the SJFT index [F(2,44) = 5.118, p = 0.010, η2p: .189] and for the Group*Test Time interaction with the mean value of the index [F(2,44) = 24.424, p < 0.001, η2p: .526]. Furthermore, body temperature had a significant time effect [F(2,44) = 301.454, p < 0.001, η2p: .932] and the Group*Test Time interaction [F(2,44) = 5.802, p = 0.006, η2p: .209]. In conclusion, coaches and exercise experts should consider judo athletes’ chronotype when planning special training programs to improve judo-specific anaerobic capacity. Furthermore, to minimize the impact of time of day and chronotype on athletes’ performance in competitions, it is recommended that MT athletes develop their judo-specific anaerobic capacity in the evening hours, when their performance is lower, while ET athletes should do so in the morning hours when their performance is lower via randori training.

CHRONOBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SLEEP DISORDERS UNDER ANXIETY DISORDERS

Modern research highlights the connection between the deterioration of sleep quality, sleep efficiency and daytime sleepiness with the disruption of the sleep-wake pattern due to circadian dysfunction. The aim of the study is to investigate the features of sleep disorders in patients with anxiety disorders of neurotic genesis, taking into account individual chronotype.&#x0D; 91 patients, 48 women (52,7%) and 43 men (47,3%) with anxiety disorders of neurotic origin were examined at Regional Center of Psychiatric Care. The Horn-Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was used to determine the chronotype of participants. The study was also conducted using the Hamilton anxiety scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire, Insomnia severity index, Epworth sleepiness scale, and Fatigue severity scale. All patients, depending on the individual chronotype, were divided into 3 groups, representative by age and gender. The morning type group comprised 32 patients (35.2%), the intermediate type group consisted of 31 patients (34.1%), and the evening type group included 28 patients (30.7%).&#x0D; A significant difference has been established between groups of morning and evening type in terms of the total score of anxiety and its somatic component (p&lt;0.05). There is no difference in the indicator of the mental component of anxiety. However, this indicator is higher in people with extreme evening type compared to extreme morning type (p=0.001). Differences in indicators of sleep disturbances have been found to depend on the individual chronotype. Representatives of the evening type compared to the intermediate and morning types have significantly higher indicators of sleep latency and daytime dysfunction according to PSQI, as well as daytime sleepiness and fatigue severity (p&lt;0.001). People with an intermediate chronotype have better sleep duration (p&lt;0.05) and lower insomnia severity index than people with a morning (p&lt;0.05) and evening type (p&lt;0.01).

Behavioural Parameters of Circadian Rhythm Are Not Correlated with Dim Light Melatonin Onset: An Observational Study on Healthy Volunteers.

Dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) is considered the most reliable marker of the circadian rhythm phase in humans. DLMO may moderately correlate with sleep onset and sleep offset time. There are no sufficient data about the correlations between DLMO and clinical scales assessing sleep quality and daytime symptoms of poor night sleep. The aim of the study was to determine the association between DLMO and basic sleep parameters from actigraphy and sleep diaries, as well as the association between DLMO and the following insomnia clinical scales: the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and chronotype questionnaires: Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM). Participants of the study were healthy volunteers. Sleep parameters were measured by sleep diaries and actigraphy, and the following clinical scales: the AIS, ISI, and ESS, and chronotype questionnaires: MEQ and CSM. DLMO was calculated based on plasma melatonin concentration. The blood samples were collected hourly at five time points between 20:00 and 00:00 during the session in dim red light (<50 lux). Melatonin concertation was determined by LC-MS/MS. Twenty-one volunteers participated in the study. DLMO was calculated in 12 participants. There was a significant correlation between DLMO and ISI (r = 0.60, p = 0.038) and ESS (r = 0.61, p = 0.034). The correlation coefficient between the DLMO and the AIS was also high, however insignificant (r = 0.57, p = 0.054). There were no significant correlations between DLMO and chronotype scales MEQ and CSM. DLMO did not correlate with sleep onset and sleep offset; however, DLMO correlated with the Sleep Fragmentation Index (SFI) (r = 0.67, p = 0.017). DLMO is associated with poorer sleep maintenance, a stronger feeling of insomnia, and sleepiness during the day. Simultaneously, chronotype pattern and circadian rhythm parameters do not correlate with DLMO. Biological circadian rhythm does not reflect the real-life sleep-wake rhythm, indicating that the lifestyle is more often disconnected from the biological clock.

Chronotype influences on posttraumatic stress disorder induced by the twin earthquakes in Turkey: A cross-sectional study among medical students

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the correlation between chronotypes and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in medical students affected by earthquakes in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, while elucidating if the PTSD manifestation varies among different chronotypes four months post-disaster. The study encompassed 193 medical students, subjected to the sociodemographic data form, the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). The results indicated that students identified as “evening types” reported significantly elevated PCL-5 scores (p < 0.001) relative to “morning” and “intermediate” types. According to PCL-5 scores, 43.5% of the participants exhibited PTSD, with a higher occurrence among the evening types. Multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that lower MEQ scores independently correlated with elevated PTSD symptoms (β = -0.1389 [95% CI = -0.273 ˗ −0.0048], p = 0.042), suggesting the potential of eveningness as a risk factor for PTSD post-disaster. These findings could enhance our understanding of PTSD, aid the development of preventive strategies, and underscore the importance of considering chronotypes. Further expansive, population-based studies with a longitudinal design are necessary to better understand the relationship between PTSD and the circadian system.

Sleep, activity, and diet in harmony: unveiling the relationships of chronotype, sleep quality, physical activity, and dietary intake.

This cross-sectional study aims to explore the intricate relationships among chronotype, sleep quality, physical activity, and dietary intake in a diverse cohort of 3,072 (50.2% female) participants residing in İstanbul, Türkiye. This study utilized established measurement tools, including the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) to assess chronotype, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to evaluate sleep quality, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) to measure physical activity, and a 24-h dietary recall method to assess dietary intake. The findings of this study revealed compelling associations. Firstly, a robust association was observed between sleep quality and chronotype (OR: 2.265; 95% CI: 1.954-2.626; p < 0.001) as well as physical activity (OR: 0.836; 95% CI: 0.750-0.932; p = 0.002). Specifically, evening chronotypes are more likely to have poor sleep quality, while highly active individuals tend to report lower sleep quality. Transitioning from inactivity to high activity was associated with a 16.4% increase in the odds of transitioning from normal to poor sleep, while a shift from an evening to a morning chronotype was linked to a substantial 126.5-fold increase in the odds of moving from poor to normal sleep. Additionally, morning chronotypes also display distinctive dietary patterns, characterized by higher energy, protein, and fat intake, and reduced carbohydrate intake. Poor sleep quality is associated with increased energy and macronutrient consumption. These findings underscore the intricate relationships of chrononutrition within the context of sleep quality, physical activity, and dietary choices. The study underscores the significance of personalized interventions to effectively address specific health behaviors, highlighting the complexity of chrononutrition's role in promoting overall health and wellbeing.