Morisky Medication Adherence Scale Research Articles

Association of quality of life with medication adherence and glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Psychological factors and patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) affect the outcome of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In this study, we aimed to determine the HRQOL status in patients with T1DM and its association with glycemic control and medication adherence. In this cross-sectional study, 227 T1DM patients were selected from the diabetes clinic, Imam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, and the Gabric database registry from 2020 to 2022. Demographic and diabetes characteristic checklist, medication adherence questionnaire (8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS)), and QOL questionnaires (Short-Form-12 and PedsQL) were filled. Independent sample T-test was used to assess mean of QOL subscales with glycemic control and medication adherence. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between glycemic control and medication adherence with QOl. Overall QOL scores in adults and children were 33.4 ± 7.1 based on Short-Form-12 and 76.2 ± 17.8 based on PedsQL, respectively. It was demonstrated that adults with Moderate/High adherence had higher QOL (p-value = 0.007). Likewise, Children with good glycemic control had higher psychosocial health scores (0.048). Logistic regression analysis did not reveal a significant association between adherence and QOL or Glycemic control and QOL in both adjusted and crude models. Better glycemic control and medication adherence in children and adults, respectively, are related to the psychological aspects of QOL. We suggest that emotional intelligence, which is replaced by other predictors during adulthood, may contribute to glycemic control in children in the early years following diagnosis.

Treatment of postpartum depression with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing and electrical stimulation

Treatment of postpartum depression with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing and electrical stimulation

A Novel Analysis of the Relationship Between Caste and Adherence to Medical Treatment

In clinical practice the adherence to medical treatment of patients with regard to their caste has not been well-studied. This study is based on 193 outdoor patients having mean age of 43.65 years (range 18–87 years), median age of 45 years at three government hospitals located next to Islamabad. First the patients considered were asked to answer a 13-item questionnaire concerning the factors that could have affected adherence to the recommended medical treatment. Subsequently, each patient answered the Urdu language version of the Morisky Medical Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) questionnaire. After data preprocessing, the response of each participant was scored to ascertain the adherence to the recommended medical treatment and finally all variables were statistically analyzed. The overall mean MMAS-8 score was 4.55.The adherence to medical treatment of patients in clinical practice with relation to their caste has not been well researched. This study is based on 193 outdoor patients from three government hospitals near Islamabad; patients having median age of 45 years and a mean age of 43.65 years (range 18–87 years). First, a 13-item questionnaire based on the variables that could have impacted adherence to the prescribed medical therapy was given to the patients under consideration. After that, each patient responded to the Morisky Medical Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) questionnaire in Urdu. Following data preparation, each participant's response was assessed to determine compliance with the prescribed medical therapy, and all variables were then statistically analyzed. The mean MMAS-8 score across the board was 4.55. Three variables were found to be considerably associated with low adherence i.e. i) number of dependent children (p = 0.005) ii) age (p = 0.02) and iii) caste (p = 0.03) for three major castes of 63 patients. Moreover, patients having higher education appeared to be more adherent as compared to those patients that had no schooling.

Treatment access barriers and medication adherence among children with epilepsy in western China: A cross-sectional study

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate treatment access barriers and medication adherence among children with epilepsy and explore the influencing factors. MethodsThis cross-sectional study consecutively sampled children with epilepsy from pediatric neurology clinics at West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University from October 2022 to April 2023. The scale used to assess treatment access barriers was self-designed and medication adherence was assessed with the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Multivariate linear or logistic regression analyses were used to determine influencing factors. ResultsThis study included 1,847 children with epilepsy. The majority of caregivers of participating children had treatment access barriers, especially for making appointments, obtaining diagnosis and examination results, and response from the care team (scores > 3). Younger age of children, difficulty paying medical expenses, comorbidities, higher frequency of seizures in the past month, and attitude toward seizures were associated with high treatment access barriers scores. Poor medication adherence was observed in 38 % (702/1,847) of the sample. Age, being an only child, place of residence, annual medical expense, being newly diagnosed, and comorbidities were associated with medication adherence. ConclusionsAmong children with epilepsy, there is high demand for disease treatment but medication adherence is relatively low, and there are a range of influencing factors. We suggest medical personnel strengthen health education and regular follow-ups to improve medication adherence and meet treatment needs in this population.

The Mediating Role of Adherence to Treatment in the Relationship between Interoceptive Awareness and Quality of Life in Patients with Diabetes

Background: Diabetes is a costly chronic condition with serious health risks like blindness, advanced renal failure, and amputation. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the mediating role of adherence to treatment in the relationship between interoceptive awareness and quality of life (QoL) in patients with diabetes. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study used the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique to analyze the relationships of variables in all patients with diabetes visiting health centers of Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province (Iran) in 2022. A total of 232 patients with diabetes were selected through convenience sampling and filled out the Diabetes Quality of Life–Brief Clinical Inventory, Multidimensional Interoceptive Awareness Scale, and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. The SEM technique was adopted to evaluate the proposed model. The results were analyzed using SPSS 27 and AMOS-25 software. Results: There was a significant relationship between adherence to treatment and QoL (β = 0.19, P = 0.003), but interoceptive awareness and QoL had no significant relationship. There was a significant relationship between interoceptive awareness and adherence to treatment (β = 0.24, P = 0.001). There was also a significant relationship between interoceptive awareness and QoL mediated by adherence to treatment in patients with diabetes (β = 0.27, P = 0.024). According to the findings, the final research model fitted well (CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.076). Conclusions: Based on the results, there was a relationship between adherence to treatment and QoL in patients with diabetes. Consequently, the final model had a good fit and proved effective in improving QoL in patients with diabetes.

Abstract 13622: Association Between Self-Reported Medication Adherence and Therapeutic Inertia in Hypertension: A Secondary Analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT)

Introduction: Therapeutic inertia (TI), the failure to intensify antihypertensive medication when blood pressure (BP) is above goal, remains highly prevalent in hypertension management. The degree to which self-reported antihypertensive adherence is associated with TI when targeting intensive BP goals remains unclear. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the 12-month visit of participants randomized to the intensive systolic BP (SBP) arm of the SBP Intervention Trial (SPRINT), which randomized adults at high cardiovascular disease risk to an intensive (<120 mm Hg) vs. standard (<140 mm Hg) SBP treatment group. TI was defined as no change in the antihypertensive medication regimen intensity score, which incorporates the medication number and dose, when the SBP >120 mm Hg. Self-reported medication adherence was assessed using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and categorized as low (<6), medium (6 to <8), and high (8). Poisson regression models with robust error variance estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for TI associated with MMAS-8 category. Results: Among 1,009 intensive arm participants with SBP >120 mm Hg at the 12-month visit (mean age 69.6 years, 35.2% female, 28.8% non-Hispanic Black), TI occurred in 50.8% of participants. Participants with low self-reported adherence (vs. high) were younger and more likely to be non-Hispanic Black or current smokers. The prevalence of TI among low, medium, and high adherence was 45.0%, 53.5%, and 50.4%, respectively. After adjustment, neither low nor medium adherence (vs. high) were associated with TI (PR 1.11; 95% CI 0.87,1.42, PR 1.08; 95% CI 0.84,1.38, respectively). Conclusion: Although clinician uncertainty about medication adherence is often cited as a reason for why antihypertensive intensification is withheld when the BP is above goal, we observed no evidence of an association between self-reported adherence to antihypertensive medication and TI.

Effect of using a mobile drug management application on medication adherence and hospital readmission among elderly patients with polypharmacy: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundAdherence to complex drug regimens and polypharmacy are among the challenges of old age, which may negatively affect their motivation to continue drug therapy or lead to incorrect drug consumption. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using a mobile drug management application on medication adherence and hospital readmission among polypharmacy older adults.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial study conducted in 2022, with Trial Registration Number (IRCT20191231045966N1) (18/07/2021), 192 Iranian older adults with polypharmacy were selected according to the inclusion criteria and allocated to case and control groups using the block randomization method. The data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, case report form, and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. The intervention was done using a mobile drug management application. Drug adherence was measured at baseline and both with hospital readmission were measured after 8 weeks. The collected data were entered into the SPSS software version 22 and analyzed using descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential (Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test) statistics.ResultsThe case and control groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic variables and drug adherence level before the intervention. A significant difference was found in the drug adherence level after using the app (p < 0.001). Moreover, a significant difference was found in adverse events, including re-hospitalization due to disease aggravation, re-hospitalization due to error in medication consumption, falling, hypo or hypertension, and hypo or hyperglycemia, and medication use accuracy between the groups after the intervention (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe results showed that using a mobile drug management application that meets the specifications of older adults can improve drug adherence, reduce the adverse events and pave the way for a better disease period management.

Improving medication adherence of patients with heart failure using tele-motivational interviewing.

The patient's self-care behavior encompasses various aspects, including medication adherence, which has been identified as a significant concern in the context of heart failure. To encourage patients in their medication, tele-motivational interviewing can be used. The main aim of this research is to examine the effects of tele-motivational interviewing on medication adherence in individuals who have been diagnosed with heart failure. In this research, an experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group was chosen. The study involved the implementation of tele-motivational interviewing, which spanned a duration of two months, with interventions taking place on a weekly basis. To measure medication adherence, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) was employed. In a randomly selected sample of 176 respondents, half were assigned to the experimental group (n=88), and the other half were assigned to the control group (n=88). Pre-test medication adherence levels for the experimental group indicate that 68 respondents (77.2%) fall into the low category (score >2), whereas post-test medication adherence levels for the same group indicate that 55 respondents (62.5%) fall into the highest category (score 0). The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test demonstrates the p-value to be less than 0.001. Tele-motivational interviewing as a skill in education that supports the patients directly and continuously by monitoring during treatment by telephone, gradually changes and affects the patients' behavior. Hence, the utilization of tele-motivational interviewing presents a viable approach for enhancing medication adherence in individuals diagnosed with heart failure.

Effect of Negative Automatic Thoughts on Medication Adherence in Individuals With Schizophrenia

This study aimed to determine the effect of negative automatic thoughts on medication adherence in individuals with schizophrenia. This was a cross-sectional study carried out in a community mental health center between October 2022 and December 2022. The study included 102 individuals with schizophrenia. Data was collected using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, Negative Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (NAT-Q), and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). The individuals' total mean NAT-Q score was 106.34 ± 27.32. There was a strong negative correlation between NAT-Q and MMAS scores ( r = −0.822, P &lt; 0.05). The study found that negative automatic thoughts predicted medication adherence by 67%. The negative automatic thoughts of the individuals were high and the medication adherence of half of the individuals was low. It was determined that the level of negative automatic thoughts of individuals with schizophrenia may negatively affect their medication adherence. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(11):518–524.]

Điều trị đái tháo đường bằng Metformin: Thực trạng tuân thủ ở người bệnh ngoại trú tại phòng khám đái tháo đường bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108

Objective: This study is to describe status of treatment adherence of patients with type 2 diabetes outpatients using Metformin at 108 Military Central Hospital in 2022. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 460 outpatients has diabetes type 2 treatment with Metformin using the tool set with four scales: 1) For medication adherence, use the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). 2) Scale to assess physical activity compliance: IPAQ-SF (International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Version); 3) Scale to assess nutritional compliance: SDSCA; 4) Scale to assess compliance with periodic examination and blood sugar control with Ministry of Health guidance. The research was conducted at the 108 Military Central Hospital Diabetes Clinic from August 2022 to November 2022. Results: The patient's medicine adherence rate was 61.8%; compliance with physical activity was 26.7%; compliance with diet was 70.9%; and compliance with blood sugar management and periodic health checks was 12.8%. For all four criteria, 11.7% of patients adhere to therapy. Therefore, the study has offered a number of approaches to improving patient treatment adherence. Key word: Type 2 diabetes, adherence to treatment, patient, hospital

The effect of hospital-to-home transitional care using a digital messaging application on the health outcomes of patients undergoing CABG and their family caregivers: a randomized controlled trial study protocol.

Given the increasing trend of care transition from healthcare settings to patients' own home, patients and their family caregivers should take more responsibilities for care at own home. This study is going to investigate the effect of a transitional care program from hospital to own home using a digital messaging application on patients' undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and their family caregivers' health outcomes. A parallel randomized controlled trial study will be conducted in a hospital in a metropolis located in southwestern Iran. Sampling will be performed sequentially and the eligible dyad of patients and family caregivers will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive a transitional care program for 8 weeks using the WhatsApp on the mobile phone based on the person-centered care approach, but the control group will receive routine care for patient's transition. Data collection will be conducted at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and two months after the intervention using demographic questionnaire, Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES), MacNew Heart Disease Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire (MNHD-Q), Cardiac Symptom Scale (CSS), Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, and Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS). Descriptive and inferential statistics will be used for data analysis. The results of this study will allow evaluating the effectiveness of an innovative transitional care program to patients' own home using a digital messaging application. If the transitional program is shown feasible and effective it can be incorporated into existing care programs and stimulate further studies on the use of digital solutions for improving the continuity of care in own home.

Using machine learning for analyzing medication adherence behavior among multimorbidity patients

This study explores how clustering or unsupervised machine learning can be used, for discovering hidden relationships in Morisky Medical Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) questionnaire behavior data of multimorbidity patients. The clustering results of this study can help clinicians identify the unique characteristics of each cluster in patients to provide targeted interventions. Thus the study objectives are two-fold i) cluster patient’s medication adherence behavior with multimorbidity, and ii) describe the characteristics of the patients in each cluster based on their demographic characteristics. This study is based on 201 outdoor patients having mean age of 43.65 years (range 18…87 years), median age of 45 years at three government hospitals located in Islamabad region. First the patients were asked to answer a 13-item questionnaire in Urdu concerning the factors that could have affected adherence to the recommended medical treatment. Subsequently, each patient answered the Urdu language version of the Morisky Medical Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) questionnaire. After data preprocessing, the response of each participant was scored to ascertain the adherence to the recommended medical treatment and finally all variables were statistically analyzed and all records clustered. The overall mean MMAS-8 score was 4.55. Two variables were found to be statistically considerably associated with low adherence i.e. i) number of dependent children (p = 0.005) and ii) age (p = 0.02), however, clustering revealed mostly unmarried patients obviously without Maternal/Child issues who, never or rarely forgot to take medication.

Compliance status and influencing factors of anticoagulation therapy in outpatient undergoing major orthopedic surgery.

This study was designed to investigate influencing factors of out-of-hospital anticoagulation therapy compliance among patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgeries. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted from July 2022 to February 2023 among outpatients who underwent major orthopedic surgery in our hospital. Patients (n = 200) were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Specificity of Medication-Taking Beliefs Scale, and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Factors that influenced patient compliance were also determined using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. One hundred eighty-three valid questionnaires were returned, the compliance with outpatient anticoagulation therapy among patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgeries was good in 56.3% (103/183) of all cases and poor in 43.7% (80/183). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that medication duration, adverse effects, self-efficacy and medication beliefs influenced adherence to out-of-hospital anticoagulation therapy in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery (P < 0.05). Poor compliance with out-of-hospital anticoagulation therapy in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery is mainly associated with a long course of medication, adverse reactions, low self-efficacy and low medication beliefs. Healthcare staff should strengthen post-discharge anticoagulation management based on relevant influencing factors to enhance patient compliance.

Validity, sensitivity and specificity of a measure of medication adherence instrument among patients taking oral anticoagulants.

Although self-report instruments are currently considered a valuable tool for measuring adherence, due to their low cost and ease of implementation, there are still important factors that impact measurement accuracy, such as social desirability and memory bias. Thus, the Global Assessment of Medication Adherence Instrument (GEMA) was developed to provide an accurate measure of this construct. The aim of this study was to evaluate the properties of the measurement of the Global Evaluation of Medication Adherence Instrument (GEMA) among patients with chronic diseases. A methodological study was conducted in the public hospital of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The adherence to anticoagulants as well as the international normalized ratio (INR) was assessed on 127 patients. Besides GEMA, two other instruments were used to assess adherence: the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) and the Measurement of Adhesion to Treatments (MAT). The GEMA presented a satisfactory level of specificity (0.76) to identify adherents among those with a stable INR, low sensitivity (0.43) for the identification of non-adherents among those with an unstable INR, and a Positive Predictive Value of 0.70. Positive and weak to moderate correlations were observed between the proportion of doses assessed with GEMA and the scores on the MMAS-8 (r = .26 and r = .22, respectively) and the MAT (r = .22 and r = .30, respectively). The GEMA presented good practicality, acceptability, and evidence of specificity regarding the stability of the INR. The validity of the construct was partially supported by the relationship with self-reported measures of adherence.

The Association Between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Medication Non-adherence Among Elderly Patients With Chronic Diseases.

Medication adherence is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes in elderly patients who frequently contend with multiple chronic diseases requiring pharmacological interventions. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prevalent cognitive disorder among the elderly population, but its impact on medication adherence among elderly patients is still uncertain. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of MCI on medication adherence among elderly patients. A cross-sectional study of 436 elderly patients with common chronic diseases aged 60 years and above was conducted. Medication adherence was measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8). MCI was screened, and cognitive status was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors of medication non-adherence. Among these elderly patients, 212 (48.6%) had poor medication compliance, and 181 (41.5%) had MCI. Preliminary analyses showed a significant association between MCI and medication non-adherence among elderly patients (odds ratio (OR)=3.95, 95% confidence interval (95%CI)=2.63-5.92, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MCI was independently associated with the risk of medication non-adherence among elderly patients (adjusted OR=2.64, 95%CI=1.64-4.24, P<0.001). Additionally, adverse drug reaction and poor evaluation of medication effects were also independently associated with medication non-adherence in elderly patients (P<0.05). Findings from this cross-sectional study proved the substantial adverse impact of MCI on medication adherence among elderly patients, and MCI was an independently influential factor of medication non-adherence. Identifying the MCI status early and providing interventions to enhance medication adherence are undoubtedly essential for optimizing healthcare outcomes in elderly patients.

Psychosocial characteristics are associated with adherence to dietary, drugs and physical activity recommendations amongst cardiovascular disease patients in Lebanon.

Cardiovascular diseases are increasing at an alarming rate worldwide, reaching epidemic proportions in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region, including Lebanon. Despite the growing number of patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases in Lebanon, there is scarce data on whether cardiac patients adhere to therapeutic dietary guidelines, drug prescriptions, and physical activity recommendations and whether such adherence differs according to sociodemographic, lifestyle, or psychosocial characteristics. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 367 Lebanese adult cardiovascular disease patients admitted for hospitalization at various hospital sites in Lebanon. Electronic medical records and a multi-component questionnaire were used to collect information on patients' characteristics. Dietary assessment was performed using a culture-specific validated food frequency questionnaire, and physical activity levels were assessed using the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). Mental well-being was assessed based on the validated five-item well-being index (WHO-5), and drug adherence was evaluated using the Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8). The majority of the patients were males (67.8%), overweight or obese (74%), smokers (62.1%), and unemployed or retired (54.5%). Almost 35% of the patients were lonely, and nearly one fourth were at a high risk of poor mental health. Approximately 43%, 70%, and 52% of the patients were found to have poor adherence to diet, drug, and physical activity recommendations, respectively. A lower sense of mental well-being was a significant predictor of low dietary and drug adherence. Surprisingly, overweight and obesity were associated with higher odds of dietary adherence. Male gender was positively associated with physical activity while loneliness was inversely associated with physical activity. This study showed that adherence to diet, drug, and physical activity recommendations was low in this patient population and identified several non-clinical characteristics that may affect adherence. These findings highlighted the need for considering patients' psychosocial characteristics in the treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Psychotherapy and chronic pain management: a quantitative study evaluating the contribution of psychotherapy to quality of life and treatment compliance in chronic disease patients.

The psychology of pain is an important field of study that focuses on understanding the psychological factors associated with pain and developing effective approaches to its management. Pain is a complex sensation that affects a person's physical and mental well-being, and psychological factors can have a significant impact on the perception, response and coping with pain. This research study examines the contribution of psychotherapy in managing chronic pain and improving quality of life and treatment adherence. The sample consisted of 87 participants who completed the McGill Pain Assessment Questionnaire, SF-36 Quality of Life questionnaire, and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) questionnaire. Two groups were created: one group received psychotherapy to manage pain and illness, while the other group either did not receive psychotherapy or had no contact with this therapeutic method. The results showed that patients who received psychotherapy had higher scores in the dimensions of mental health, vitality, general health, physical pain, physical functioning, and social functioning compared to patients who did not receive psychotherapy. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences between the two groups. Additionally, psychotherapy was associated with higher treatment adherence, as indicated by the mean scores of patients receiving psychotherapy compared to those who did not. This suggests that psychotherapy can contribute to increased treatment adherence. The results clearly show that patients who received psychotherapy have significantly higher levels of mental health, vitality, general health and functioning compared to patients who did not receive psychotherapy.

Adherence to Statin Among Diabetic Patients in Diabetic Centers in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia.

Background Dyslipidemia affects approximately one-third of Saudi Arabia's adult population. Dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), smoking, and a familial predisposition to cardiovascular disease (CVD) are significant risk factors for CVD. It can be prevented effectively through lifestyle changes and lifelong statin therapy; however, poor adherence limits its effectiveness. This study is designed to assess the level of adherence to statin prescription in patients with DM in diabetic centers in the Qassim region and to assess the factors associated with neglecting to take medication. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 226 diabetic patients who were prescribed statins. Medication adherence was assessed using the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Demographic and clinical data were collected, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with medication adherence. Results Of the 226 patients, 29.7% had high adherence, 32.7% had medium adherence, and 37.6% had low adherence to statin medication. Patients diagnosed with diabetes for less than five years had the highest proportion of low adherence (41.2%). No significant associations were found between medication adherence and gender, nationality, or educational level. Conclusion The study found that medication adherence to statins in diabetic patients in the Al Qassim region of Saudi Arabia is suboptimal, with a significant proportion of patients having low adherence. Patients diagnosed with diabetes for less than five years had the highest proportion of low adherence, suggesting that patients with a shorter disease duration may require additional support or interventions to improve their medication adherence. Healthcare providers should emphasize the importance of medication adherence and work with patients to develop personalized treatment plans that include medication and lifestyle modifications to optimize lipid control and improve overall health outcomes in diabetic patients.

Examining factors that influence medication adherence with children seen at outpatient department in Western China: a cross-sectional survey

We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of medication adherence, assess the association between guardians’ mental health and medication adherence for children seen at outpatient department from western China, and identify characteristics associated with nonadherence. We conducted a cross-sectional survey. Participants were recruited by consecutive sampling from the outpatient of the West China Second Hospital from October 2021 to April 2022. The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) was used to evaluate patients’ medication adherence. A multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze influencing factors. 1206 children with a mean age of 6.02 ± 3.86 years were included. Seventeen percent (208/1206) of patients showed good adherence, 24.7% (298/1206) showed moderate adherence, and 58% (700/1206) showed poor adherence. Thirty-five percent (428/1206) of guardians had anxiety. Factors that influenced medication adherence included anxiety score of guardian (P = 0.030), education level of guardian (P = 0.003), annual household income (P = 0.001), and days the patient is on the medication (P = 0.023). A majority of children seen at outpatient department from West China had low medication adherence, and depression and anxiety among guardians were common. Implementing health education measures will be important for improving medication adherence in future.

Level of Knowledge of Hypertension Patients and Compliance with Treatment at Sirnajaya Health Center

Background: Uncontrolled hypertension is the most common and important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which can lead to complications or even death. Uncontrolled hypertension can be caused by noncompliance with hypertension medication instructions. One factor contributing to the disobedience of hypertension medication instructions is the level of knowledge on hypertension. Purposes: This study analyzed the correlation between patients’ hypertension knowledge and hypertension medication compliance in Sirnajaya Health Center, Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 62 hypertension patients in Sirnajaya Health Center in December 2022. They were asked to answer the Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale (HK-LS) questionnaire and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) to assess their hypertension knowledge and compliance with the hypertension medication. The chi-squared test was used to determine the correlations between the variables. Results: There were 36 respondents (58.1%) with low knowledge and 39 respondents (62.9%) with low medication compliance. Analysis through the chi-squared test reveals a correlation between knowledge level and medication compliance (p &lt;0.001). Conclusion: There was a correlation between hypertension knowledge and compliance in consuming hypertension medication among the hypertension patients of Sirnajaya Health Center, Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia.