Moringa Research Articles

Characterisation of different parts fromMoringa oleiferaregarding protein, lipid composition and extractable phenolic compounds

Fatty acids, amino acids, as well as total phenolic content and antioxidant activities, were presented fromMoringa oleiferadifferent parts (whole seeds, kernels, coats, pods and leaves). The investigated parts were a good source of protein (29.2, 37.8, 11.9, 10.1 and 22.8 g/100 g for whole seeds, kernels, coats, pods and leaves, respectively) with isoleucine, leucine, arginine, glycine, glutamine and tyrosine as amino acids in sufficient amount to meet the nutritional needs. Moringa seeds are also rich in oil. Oleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in moringa seeds (66.2 and 65.8% for whole seeds and kernels, respectively). Leaves were rich in minerals such as P, K, Mg and Fe with the highest amount of total phenolic content. 70% ethanol, 80% methanol or water showed the highest yield with of total phenolic content from leaves reaching 11.8, 11.3 and 8.9 mg GAE/g, respectively. The lowest ED50 values were reported for extracts of leaves obtained by 70% ethanol and 80% methanol (0.51 and 0.54 mg), respectively, indicating more antioxidant activity than for the other solvents. For the ß-carotene-linoleic acid assay, leaves extract showed also the strongest effect for delaying the oxidation followed by extracts from pods and coats in a comparison with the control without antioxidants. From this comprehensive investigation of the different parts of MO, an assessment of the raw materials regarding their application as food is possible.

Wastewater Treatment Using a Natural Coagulant (Moringa Oleifera Seeds): Optimization Through Response Surface Methodology

The high expense of chemical coagulant-treated water forces most people in rural regions rely on easily available sources, which are usually of poor quality and expose them to waterborne infections. According to this statement, the purpose of this study was to confirm the efficacy of extracting powder Moringa oleifera seeds, which are widely available in rural regions. The experiment was done based on random design load of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6g/500ml of powder extracted from Moringa seeds. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), color and turbidity were determined for both acidic and basic characteristics of wastewater. The optimum dosage of Moringa oleifera was 0.4g/500ml in both characteristics of waste water in case of color and turbidity. Moringa airfare maximum reduction in turbidity, color and COD in acidic waste water was 98%, 90.76% and 65.8% respectively. And maximum reduction turbidity, color and COD in basic waste water were 99.5%, 97.7% and 65.82% respectively. The study was demonstrated that, the application of RSM for seeking optimum condition in the coagulation process for treatment of wastewater. Moringa seed powder works best with 7-9 pH range. All the results showed that, Moringa Oliver seeds were very effective for the removal of impurities. So, the researcher and the respective body give attention use of these trees in a wide application area.

Accelerating phytoextraction of petroleum hydrocarbon with organic stimulant

Phytoremediation has widely been recognised as an eco-system friendly and effective technique for soil remediation. However, this method is generally slow, and most plants used for phytoextraction are incapable of thriving in crude oil polluted soils with high concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon. Hence, organic stimulants were developed for accelerating the phytoremediation of crude oil polluted soils by enhancing the growth of cowpea through nutrient supplementation, and increasing the bioavailability of petroleum hydrocarbon by saponification. Moringa and pawpaw seeds are high in plant available nutrients and contain saponin, a phytochemical that increases the bioavailability of contaminants. Although both seeds and moringa seed powder have been used for water purification, they have not been explored in soil remediation studies. For these reasons, pawpaw seeds were processed into powdery form to increase their surface area as organic stimulants for enhancing phytoremediation of crude oil polluted soil. This study investigates the performance of pawpaw seed powder, relative to moringa seed powder, in increasing the removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbon by cowpea under crude oil polluted soil conditions. The key functions of the newly developed organic stimulant include:•Increased bioavailability of petroleum hydrocarbon for phytoextraction.•Enhanced shoot production in cowpea.•Increased capacity of cowpea to remove petroleum hydrocarbons from soils.

Influência dos tratamentos pré-germinativos, térmicos e regime de luz na germinação de sementes de moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.)

In the current global scenario of food insecurity, Moringa oleifera Lam. Plays a strategic role in the food industry, due to its high nutritional potential. Despite its multiplicity of uses, the species is still little known in brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the germination of moringa seeds with different methods of overcoming dormancy, temperature and light conditions, in order to understand the seedling recruitment process. Two experiments were performed (1) the seeds were submitted to three methods to overcome the dormancy: control, tegument removal and immersion in water at 85º C, being determined the percentages, speed and average germination time. In the second experiment; (2after treatment with tegument removal, the seeds were sown in germitest paper and placed to germinate under light and continuous dark at temperatures of 20, 30 and 40º C. It was concluded that the species has dormant seeds, especially the removal of the integument as an efficient method to breaking dormancy. Moringa seeds are light sensitive and their germination was influenced by the temperature used, showing greater vigor in light conditions at 30ºC.

Microwave and Ultrasound Pretreatment of Moringa oleifera Lam. Seeds: Effects on Oil Expression, Oil Quality, and Bioactive Component.

This study investigates the application of green technologies (microwave and ultrasound pretreatment) in the extraction of Moringa oleifera Lam. seed oil and its effects on oil expression, oil quality, and bioactive component. Moringa seeds were pretreated with microwave (90 W, 60 s) or ultrasound (50 W, 1 h) before mechanical expression. A separate group received no pretreatment before oil extraction. Oils from these groups were then compared. Results show that oil yield increased with ultrasound pretreatment (1.24%) and significantly increased with microwave pretreatment (3.11%). For oil flow rate, the microwave and ultrasound pretreatment resulted in faster extraction (7.67 and 6.93 kg/h respectively) as compared with the control (6.51 kg/h). For physicochemical parameters, the microwave and ultrasound group had significantly less free fatty acids and significantly greater unsaponifiable matter as compared with the control. For fatty acid composition, results show that moringa seeds procured from Davao Oriental had greater oleic acid content (~77%) as compared with those reported by other literature. For phytosterol content, the predominant phytosterols found were β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol. Microwave and ultrasound pretreatment significantly increased total phytosterol (680.58 and 369.32 mg/kg respectively) as compared with the control (72.69 mg/kg) due to the mass transfer of the phytosterols. Microwave and ultrasound pretreatment also led to stigmastanol formation. For antioxidant activity, a comparison of both DPPH and FRAP assays depicts that the microwave group exhibited the best overall antioxidant activity. Lastly, for oil stability, a lower peroxide value was found in the microwave and ultrasound groups across time intervals, which may be attributed to their antioxidant activity. In summary, ultrasound and microwave pretreatment can improve oil expression, oil quality, and bioactive content of the mechanically expressed moringa oils.

Nutritional Evaluation of Chia and Moringa Seeds Flour and Quality Characteristics of Fortified Cookies

Nutritional Evaluation of Chia and Moringa Seeds Flour and Quality Characteristics of Fortified Cookies

ANATOMICAL STUDY OF MORINGA LEAF (MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM.) UNDER IRON FERTILIZATION

The effect of different levels of nano- and mineral-Iron and their method of application on anatomical properties of the upper and lower epidermis of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves was studied. Seeds of Moringa were sown in 15 kgs soil capacity pots during the growing season of 2018/2019 arranged as a factorial experiment within Completely Randomized Design, with three replicates. The factorswere a method of fertilization(soil or foliar application),three levels i.e. 0,180 and 360mg.l-1 of each of mineral and nano-Iron. The total number of experimental units was 2×3×3×3 for method, nano-Iron, mineral-Iron, and replicates respectively.The application method caused an increase in the mean dimensions of normal epidermis cells, stomatoes, and hairs.These traits were increased as Iron levels increased. Where 360 mg.l-1 of both types of Iron gave the highest dimensions. Soil application gave higher values of epidermis dimensions than that obtained from the foliar application. The number of stomatoesincreased with increasing the level of Iron. The number of normal epidermis cells was conversely proportioned with their volume.

Investigation on the Phenolic Content in Moringa oleifera and Its Antimicrobial Activity

Background: One of the most commonly cultivated plant is Moringa oleifera because it has high medicinal in South India and nutritional values. The phytochemicals in it are widely used for the rapeutic purposes. It has a high economic value because of its usefulness traditionally and has a vast number of bioactive compounds. Phenol is one of the most common antimicrobial compounds found in the seeds of M. oleifera. Methods: In this study we aim to analyse Total Phenolic Compound (TPC) and to observe its antimicrobial activity. Seed extracts were prepared using ethanol in Soxhlet apparatus for 36 hrs. The quantification of phenolic compound was done by spectrophotometric method using gallic acid as standard. The crude extract was characterized by HPLC and FTIR, showed that it contained phenol compounds confirmed by specific peak in some areas. FTIR and showed that it contained phenol compounds confirmed by specific peak in some areas. FTIR revealed the following bonds: 3280.92 cm-1 (O–H groups of phenols), 2922.16 cm-1 (C-H groups of phenols), 1544.98 cm-1 (C=O carbonyl group) and 1230.58 (C-O group of phenol) and 1743.65 cm-1 (C=C group of aromatic compounds). Whereas HPLC analysis of and library search confirmed peaks matches with Gallic acid standard. Moringa seeds were characterized by FTIR before extracted. Therefore the highest Total Phenolic Compound found to be 11.85 mg GAE/g (Gallic Acid Equivalent) was reached at 1: 5 ethanol solvent ratio and 3 days extraction time.Conclusion: This M. oleifera extract showed antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 1688), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 8561), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 3160) and Proteus mirabilis (MTCC 3310). The anti-microbial activity of the M. oleifera seed is due to the presence of various phytochemicals like phenols. Also it exhibits, a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that proves further research is needed to elucidate other bioactive compounds over other pathogens.

APPLICATION OF DOSES OF FREEZE-DRIED EXTRACT FROM MORINGA OLEIFERA SEEDS IN WATER TREATMENT

Despite the proven performance and cost-effectiveness of chemical coagulants, natural coagulants are being studied. Among them, Moringa oleifera has been investigated more intensively as it contains proteins that are efficient in the alternative treatment of water for human consumption. The objective of the research was to use water with pH, turbidity and apparent color with levels above that allowed by Brazilian legislation and to treat it with freeze-dried extract of moringa seeds in different doses, selecting the best one for each parameter studied. The study was conducted at the Laboratory for Processing and Storing of Agricultural Products, at the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. The extract was obtained as a result of the freeze-drying method. Three water quality parameters were evaluated: pH, turbidity and apparent color. Doses of 12, 16, 18 and 24 g/500 mL of freeze-dried extract of moringa seeds were used. Jar tests were performed at 160 rpm. The application of different doses of the freeze-dried extract resulted in pH according to the limits required by Brazilian legislation for drinking water. Based on the best efficiencies in pH, reduction of turbidity and color, doses of 24 g/500 mL were selected for pH and turbidity and 16 g/500 mL g for the apparent color.

Biochemical components and fungal community dynamics during the flowering process of Moringa-Fu brick tea, a novel microbially fermented blended tea

Moringa oleifera is a nutritious herb with a pronounced harsh taste. During microbial fermentation of Fu-brick tea, “flowering” promotes the oxidation, decomposition, and hydrolysis of biochemical components, resulting in a unique flavor. To improve the utilization and flavor of Moringa leaves, we developed a novel blended tea. Moringa-Fu brick tea via microbial fermentation and dark tea blending. We investigated chemical compositions and fungal community structures, and their possible correlations, during eight flowering stages using three blending ratios. Metabolic analysis showed that caffeine, theophylline, and gallic acid levels increased, whereas other key metabolite levels decreased after flowering. The genera Aspergillus, Saccharomycetales incertae sedis, and Candida predominated during the early flowering stage, but Eurotium dominated after 3 days with all three ratios. The fungal taxa were grouped into 14 modules, and six keystone taxa were identified. Three fungal genera (Saccharomycetales incertae sedis, Aspergillus, and Cyberlindnera) were the core functional genera linked to the metabolism of biochemical compounds. Supplementing 15% moringa tea with dark tea developed the best flavor, suggesting that this substrate's environment was more suitable for propagating dominant fungi and driving biotransformation. This study can serve as an exemplar for utilizing microbial-fermentation to improve the flavors of harsh-tasting plant resources.

Comparison of Moringa oleifera oils extracted with supercritical fluids and hexane and characterization of seed storage proteins in defatted flour

The aim of this work was to compare the yield and fatty acids profile of Moringa oleifera oils obtained with supercritical fluids extraction (SFE) and solvent extraction. Seed proteins from residual defatted flour were characterized according to the Osborne's fractionation and by shotgun proteomics in gel approach. SFE showed higher yield (35%) than solvent extraction method (20%). Fatty acids profile were similar being oleic acid the compound of the highest abundance followed by myristic, palmitic, stearic, and behenic acids. A unique profile of seed storage proteins (SSPs) was observed. 2S albumins, chitin binding protein-2, morintide, protein disulfure-isomerases, and proteins related with photorespiration were identified. Present results showed that SFE is an efficient green method to obtain high oil yields from Moringa seeds. Moringa SSPs profile has been characterized for the first time, which gives a whole panorama of protein seed composition and its solubility properties.

Utilization of Moringa Seed Flour as a coagulant, palm fiber, and activated charcoal in an effort to improve domestic wastewater

One local alternative that is available is the use of natural coagulants from the Moringa oleifera L. seed starch plant. Moringa seeds have antimicrobial properties that can reduce substances that should not be present in clean water so that they can purify water for clean water needs. However, the distinctive aroma of moringa is still felt, so it needs to be filtered using coconut shell charcoal and fibers . Research objectives: to determine the characteristics of domestic wastewater (pH, TSS, BOD, oil and fat) and after adding Moringa seeds as a coagulant and coconut shell charcoal and fibers as a filter media . This research was conducted in Nunleu Village-Kupang City and the NTT Provincial Health Laboratory. The method used is experiment and laboratory analysis . Phase I samples were analyzed in the laboratory to determine the characteristics of the initial water. Phase II of water purification experiments with treatment A: coagulant 150 mg / l + 10 cm thick activated charcoal + 10 cm palm thickness. Treatment B: coagulant 150 mg / l + fiber thickness 10 cm + activated charcoal thickness 10 cm. The results showed that the treatments (A and B) could reduce pH, BOD, TSS as well as oil and fat. The pH parameter has decreased tends to be acidic. TSS increased by 58.8% in Treatment (A) , but in treatment (B) there was a decrease of 15%, the TSS content still exceeds the quality standard for domestic waste set by the 2016 Ministerial Regulation, 30 mg/L.The BOD content decreased by 45.2% in treatment A while in treatment B there was a decrease of 58.3% . Furthermore, the oil and fat content was quite low, namely in treatment A there was a decrease of 45.2% while in treatment B there was a decrease of 58.3%.

Inhibition test of moringa seeds extract against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus

Background: One of natural materials used to prevent oral cavity infections caused by bacteria is Moringa plant extracts. The ingredients contained in Moringa plants are phenolic, alkaloid, tannin, and pterygospermin is thought to be able to inhibit bac-terial growth. Staphylococcus aureus has been known for a long time as a pathogen in the medical field but only a few studies were carried out in the oral cavity. Objective: To determine the inhibition test of Moringa oleifera L extract towards the growth of S.aureus bacteria. Method: The S.aureus culture was inserting on the surface of the nutrient so that it had solidified in a petri dish. Moringa seed extract was diluted in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40%. Paper disks are placed on agar me-dia contained populations of S.aureus bacteria, and after 24 hours the inhibition zone were measured. Results: The average diameter of inhibition zone at concentrations of 5%; 10%; 20%; 40% are 6.7 mm, 7.21 mm, 7.23 mm, 7.6 mm consecutively. Conclusion: A concentration of 5% Moringa oleifera L extract can inhibit the growth of S.aureus bacteria.

Magnetic carbon-biomass from the seeds of Moringa oleifera@MnFe2O4 composite as an effective and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of organic pollutants from water

In the current industrial scenario, the dye molecules are the most rigorous contributors to water pollution, and the removal of these pollutants becomes a problematic task. Carbon adsorbents have been used as superior materials for the water/wastewater treatment process. However, the adsorption system could not use the pristine carbon materials in practical applications as it causes significantly less efficiency in adsorption. Conversely, the tuning of carbon with magnetic materials have been employed. Herein, a magnetically retrievable adsorbent was successfully fabricated using carbon-biomass from the seeds of Moringa oleifera and manganese ferrite viz.; MnFe2O4@MOAC. The organic dyes such as Reactive Blue 4 (RB4), Indigo Carmine (IC) and Acid Blue 158 (AB158) were chosen as the adsorbates for this study, and MnFe2O4@MOAC shows the adsorption efficiency of 32.45, 33.53 and 35.27 mg/g, respectively and the maximum adsorption observed in the pH range of ~3. The adsorption followed the Freundlich isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorption thermodynamics revealed that the process was endothermic and spontaneous. The fabricated adsorbent was recovered and reclaimed in five successive cycles of adsorption. Electrostatic attractions, hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions were the essential mechanisms involved in the adsorption. The newly fabricated bio-mass could be visualized as a capable adsorbent for water/wastewater treatment process since the MnFe2O4@MOAC possesses high removal efficiency towards dye molecules.

Bio-remedial Properties of Moringa oleifera Seed Powder against Contaminated Water

ABSTRACT: Urbanization and various human activities are adversely affecting freshwater resources. The lowering of ground water table every day and drained water contamination is an alarming threat to potable water for the Lahore city. So, there is need to improve water quality and bioremediation is found as very useful application for reclamation of polluted water. In the current study 4g seeds of Moringa oleifera were used for treatment of one liter sewerage/polluted water. The water samples were collected by completely randomized design (CRM) from six primary drains [Cantt. Drain (CNTD), Sattu Katla Drain (SKD), Lower Chotta Ravi Drain (LCRD), Upper Chotta Ravi Drain (UCRD), Shalimar Escape Channel Drain (SECD) and Shahdra Drain (SHD)] and four houses located within 500m distance around each drain. The houses were named as H1, H2, H3 and H4. Samples were examined for physicochemical parameters including turbidity, pH, Ts, Salinity (%), TSS, TDS, COD, BOD and heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd and Ca) before and after adding Moringa oleifera. Turbidity decreased by 95% after treatment with Moringa oleifera Seed Powder. After treatment with Moringa seeds, there was an increase in values of pH, NaCl (%), TS (mg/l), TSS (mg/l), BOD, Electrical conductivity and TDS (ppm) of all collected samples. Moreover COD of all samples was reduced which is a good measure for water pollution. Mean levels of trace metals were found to be reduced after treatment with MOSP at all sites which strongly advocates for the use of this product for reclamation of polluted waters.

Qualidade da água no semiárido e seus efeitos nos atributos do solo e na cultura da Moringa oleifera Lam.

Salinity is one of the main problems faced by irrigated agriculture in the semi-arid region, which generally impairs plant growth due to the osmotic effects and ion toxicity. These factors reflect negatively on the growth and development of plants, especially in the early stages of their development. Moringa oleifera Lam, an arboreal vegetable, easy to grow, fast growing, adapted to different types of soil and climate, besides being highly productive, has great potential for animal feed. Studies on the species are still scarce, mainly on the development of seedlings under saline stress. Existing studies point to a tolerance for a level of salinity up to 20 dS m-1. Conducting more research on the subject is of great importance, as they provide subsidies for the cultivation of the species in a region whose supply of quality water is deficient.

Chemical proximate composition, antinutritional factors content, and antioxidant capacity of anatomical seed fractions of Moringa oleifera

For rational use of moringa seeds and its anatomical fractions (kernel, shells, and wings), the objective of the present investigation was to analyze their chemical composition, antinutritional factors content, and antioxidant capacity. The seed kernel fraction represents 71.78% of the whole seed weight and possesses high contents of protein (32.19%) and lipids (38.72%), whereas seed shells and wings fractions are mainly composed of dietary fiber and carbohydrates. Phytate was the most abundant antinutritional factor detected in all fractions (604.0 mg PAE/100 g-1674.9 mg PAE/100 g), followed by total phenolics (218.5 mg GAE/100 g-386.9 mg GAE/100 g) and saponins (130.4 mg DE/100 g-197.4 mg DE/100 g). Moringa seeds fractions showed a high antioxidant capacity. The kernel fraction exerts the highest activity (15 251.90 μmol TE/100g), followed by shells (8 499.50 μmol TE/100g) and wings (5 878.90 μmol TE/100g). Moringa seed kernel fraction seems to be a promising source of protein. All anatomical seed fractions of moringa are a reservoir of dietary fiber and antioxidants.

Antioxidant and Sensory Properties of Herbal Teas Formulated from Dried Moringa (Moringa Stenopetala) and Stevia (Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni) Leaves

Herbal teas are gaining popularity and acceptance due to their sensory and health benefits. The demand for moringa tea currently increased in Ethiopia due to its nutritional and medicinal values. However, using moringa alone is difficult due to its poor sensory appeal and adding sugar to enhance the sensory has implications for health. The purpose of this study was to optimize the sensory properties (taste and aroma) of formulated herbal teas in addition to evaluating the antioxidant properties of the formulated herbal tea from dried moringa and stevia leaves. Seven moringa-based herbal teas were brewed with stevia ranging from 0 to 35% with five-level (5) and compared for their sensory and antioxidant properties. The moringa tea infusion and commercial green tea were considered as control. The results of sensory analysis showed that herbal tea brewed with 20-35% stevia in the formulation results in higher sweetness compared to 100%-moringa and green tea. Herbal tea brewed with 20-35% stevia in the formulation results in the highest in antioxidant (DPPH scavenging capacity, ferric reducing power and total antioxidant activities) values comparable to 100%-moringa. This study provides evidence that adding stevia to moringa improves the sensory and antioxidant properties without compromising its health-promoting compounds. Keywords: Moringa, stevia, phenolic content, antioxidant activity, herbal tea, sensory, herbal infusion. DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/102-01 Publication date: November 30 th 2020

Improving Reproductive Hormones, Semen Quality, and Antioxidative Capacity of Rabbit Bucks Administrated with Moringa Seeds Extract

Effects of daily oral administration with ethanolic Moringa oleifera seeds extract (EMS), as an improving factor, were investigated on physiological and semen quality traits of NZW rabbit bucks. Adult bucks (n=40) were randomly divided into four groups of 10 bucks in each. Bucks were daily treated with oral dose of EMS (0, 900, 1200, and 1500 mg/buck) for 16 weeks; 8 weeks as a preliminary interval, and 8 weeks as a main semen collection interval. Results showed that all levels of EMS administrations mass motility, progressive motility, livability, membrane integrity of spermatozoa, sperm cell concentration, total sperm output, motility index, semen initial fructose, blood plasma FSH and LH, hemoglobin, red blood cells and globulin as well as testosterone, total proteins, albumin, and antioxidants capacity in blood plasma and the seminal plasma, epididymal weights, and spleen-somatic index were increased (P<0.05), while semen pH value, abnormality, acrosomal damage of spermatozoa, platelets, lipid profile, the activity of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde were decreased (P<0.05). Administration of EMS (900 mg/buck) improved (P<0.05) only white blood cells. Pregnancy rate and litter size at birth (live) and weaning, and kit viability rate at birth were (P<0.05) improved. Practically, it could be suggested that oral supplementation of EMS (900, 1200, and 1500 mg/buck) is a suitable tool for improving semen quality, antioxidant status, and reproductive traits of rabbit bucks, particularly EMS at a level of 900 mg/buck.

RANCANG BANGUN FILTER AIR DENGAN FILTRASI SEDERHANA MENGGUNAKAN ENERGI LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA

Water is one of the basic needs in the life of creatures on this earth. Water is used for the body's metabolism, both humans and other living things. Thus, improving water quality is very necessary because it is very influential for the health of humans and other living things. Therefore, the water filter is designed so that this goal is achieved. Not only, water but environmental health is very important. So, this water filter is designed using solar cell technology, which is one of the ideas of renewable energy, and utilizes moringa seeds (moringa oleifera). This water filter is designed using solar panels and batteries as a source of electrical energy. The panel is coupled and will flow energy from the sun. That energy will be absorbed and received by the battery. This water filter uses a coagulation method and also a natural filter that utilizes fibers, silica sand, zeolite stones, and activated carbon. The process of this filter is to compare the input values detected by the sensor, the pH sensor and the turbidity sensor.