Moringa Oleifera Seeds Powder Research Articles

Exploring Moringa oleifera: Green Solutions for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment and Agricultural Advancement

Increasing concerns over water pollution have driven the search for sustainable wastewater treatment alternatives. This study evaluates the effectiveness of two coagulants derived from Moringa oleifera seeds–powder and extract–as sustainable solutions for wastewater reuse in agriculture. Comparative experiments were conducted using aluminum sulfate, a conventional coagulant, at various doses under controlled laboratory conditions. The results demonstrated that both M. oleifera-based coagulants were highly effective, achieving turbidity reductions of 97% and 99%, respectively. Notably, the powder form required lower doses than the extract but had longer sedimentation times. Further detailed analyses at optimized doses (500 mg/500 mL for powder and 12.5 mL/500 mL for extract) met international standards for wastewater quality in agricultural irrigation. Comprehensive analyses encompassing pH, turbidity, COD, BOD5, TSS, DO, conductivity, NO2−, NO3−, SO42−, PO43−, and fecal and total coliforms consistently adhered to stringent criteria, confirming the effectiveness of M. oleifera-derived coagulants. These findings highlight the potential of M. oleifera in wastewater treatment, offering sustainable solutions to environmental challenges and enhancing food security in resource-limited regions. Our research supports the broader adoption of these eco-friendly alternatives, which could significantly reduce water scarcity and promote sustainable agricultural practices, addressing critical environmental concerns.

The Effectiveness of Moringa Oleifera Seed Powder and Mixing Time (Fast-Low Speed) Using Jartest in Reducing Nitrate Levels in River Water

Background:Moringa oleiferais a fast-growing, long-lived plant that blooms throughout the year and can withstand extreme arid conditions. Objective:This study aims to examine the effectiveness of Moringa oleiferaseed powder in reducing nitrate levels in river water. Method:The research method employed in this study involved analysis using the Paired Sample Statistical Test. Result:The statistical test results revealed a significance value of 0.017 (p < 0.05) and a mixing time variation significance of 0.011 (p < 0.05). These values indicate that the null hypothesis (H0: there is no relationship between the independent and dependent variables) is rejected, while the alternative hypothesis (Ha: there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables) is accepted. This implies a significant difference in the reduction of nitrate levels between the pretest and posttest data, demonstrating that the use of Moringaseed powder is effective in reducing nitrate levels. Conclusion:This study concludes that the administration of Moringaseed powder at a dose of 400 mg/L, with a mixing time of 2 minutes at a fast speed (80 rpm) and 20 minutes at a low speed (40 rpm), is most effective in significantly reducing nitrate levels in river water. Keywords:Moringa oleifera; nitrate levels; river water; Indonesia

Effect of Moringa oleifera Seeds Powder on Metallic Trace Elements Concentrations in a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Senegal.

A wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) prototype coupled with Moringa oleifera seeds (MOSs) was developed to evaluate its effectiveness to reduce metallic trace elements (MTEs) in domestic wastewater. The WWTP is composed of a septic tank (F0) where wastewater is treated by biological processes under anaerobic conditions, followed by a bacterial filter (F1) where wastewater is filtered under aerobic conditions, followed by an infiltration well (F2), which provides additional filtration of wastewater before discharge into the soil. MTEs present in waters can bind with humic substances contained in colloid particles and then be eliminated by coagulation-flocculation with a cationic polyelectrolyte. MOSs contain positively charged cationic polymers that can neutralize the colloids contained in waters, which are negatively charged. Based on this observation, 300 mg·L-1 of MOS was added into F0, 50 mg·L-1 into F1, and 50 mg·L-1 into F2 mg·L-1. MOS activation in samples was performed by stirring rapidly for 1.5 min, followed by 5 min of gentle stirring and 3 h of settling. The data analysis shows that wastewater samples had significant concentrations of MTEs, particularly for Cu, Ni, Sr, and Ti, and sediment samples had high amounts of Cr, Cu, Ni, Sr, Ti, and V. The addition of MOS to F0, F1, and F2 samples resulted in reductions in MTE concentration of up to 36%, 71%, 71%, 29%, 93%, 81%, 13%, 52%, and 67% for Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, Ti, and V, respectively. The quantified MTEs (As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se and V) in treated samples were reported to be lower than UN-EP standards for a safe reuse for irrigation and MOS proved to be as effective as chemical coagulants such as lime and ferric iron for the removal of MTEs contained in wastewater. These results highlight the potential of MOSs as natural coagulants for reducing MTE content in domestic wastewater. This study could be the first to evaluate the effectiveness of MOS in reducing 10 MTEs, including As, Co, Se, Sr, Ti, and V, which are currently understudied. It could also provide a better understanding of the origin of MTEs found in domestic wastewaters and how an effective treatment process can result in high-quality treated wastewaters that can be reused for irrigation without posing health or environmental risks. However, more research on MOSs is needed to determine the type and composition of the coagulant substance found in the seeds, as well as the many mechanisms involved in the decrease in MTEs by MOSs, which is currently understudied. A better understanding of MOS structure is required to determine the optimum alternative for ensuring the optimal effect of MOS paired with WWTP in removing MTEs from domestic wastewaters.

Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaf and Seed Powder on the Quality and Viability of Probiotic Fermented Milk

Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaf and Seed Powder on the Quality and Viability of Probiotic Fermented Milk

Effective removal of fluoride and arsenic from groundwater via integrated biosorption and membrane ultrafiltration

Fluoride (F−) and arsenic, present as As(III) and As(V), are widespread toxins in groundwater across India, as well as in other countries or regions like Pakistan, China, Kenya, Africa, Thailand, and Latin America. Their presence in water resources poses significant environmental and health risks, including fluorosis and arsenicosis. To address this issue, this study developed an integrated process combining biosorbents and ultrafiltration (UF) for the removal of F−, As, and turbidity from contaminated water. Laboratory-scale adsorption experiments were conducted using low-cost biosorbents with different biosorbent dosages, specifically Moringa oleifera seed powder (MSP) and sorghum bicolor husk (SBH), along with sand as a binding medium. F− and As concentrations ranging from 2 to 10 mg/L and 3 to 12 mg/L, respectively, were investigated. Biosorbents and their different combinations were tested to determine their efficacy in removing dissolved F− and As. The results showed that a blend of 10-g/L MSP with SBH achieved the highest F− (97.20%) and As (78.63%) removal efficiencies. Subsequent treatment with a UF membrane effectively reduced turbidity and colloidal impurities in the treated water, achieving a maximum turbidity removal efficiency of 95.40%. Equilibrium kinetic and isotherm models were employed to analyze the experimental data, demonstrating good fit. Preliminary cost analysis indicated that the hybrid technology is economically viable and suitable for the separation of hazardous contaminants from aqueous solutions. This study underscores the potential of inexpensive biosorption technologies in providing clean and safe drinking water, particularly in industrial, rural, and urban areas.

Chitosan-Based Films Blended with Tannic Acid and Moringa Oleifera for Application in Food Packaging: The Preservation of Strawberries (Fragaria ananassa).

Biobased plastics provide a sustainable alternative to conventional food packaging materials, thereby reducing the environmental impact. The present study investigated the effectiveness of chitosan with varying levels of Moringa oleifera seed powder (MOSP) and tannic acid (TA). Chitosan (CS) biocomposite films with tannic acid acted as a cross-linker, and Moringa oleifera seed powder served as reinforcement. To enhance food packaging and film performance, Moringa oleifera seed powder was introduced at various loadings of 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, and 10.0 wt.%. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy analyses were performed to study the structure and morphology of the CS/TA/MOSP films. The scanning electron microscopy results confirmed that chitosan/TA with 10.0 wt.% of MOSP produced a lightly miscible droplet/matrix structure. Furthermore, mechanical properties, swelling, water solubility, optical barrier, and water contact angle properties of the film were also calculated. With increasing Moringa oleifera seed powder contents, the biocomposite films' antimicrobial and antifungal activity increased at the 10.0 wt.% MOSP level; all of the observed bacteria [Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Aspergillus niger (A. niger), and Candida albicans (C. albicans)] had a notably increased percentage of growth. The film, with 10.0 wt.% MOSP content, effectively preserves strawberries' freshness, making it an ideal food packaging material.

Characterization and Application of Carbon Paste Electrode Modified by Moringa Oleifera Seed Powder to the Electrochemical Detection of Mercury

Heavy metal pollution of surface waters from anthropogenic activities is constantly increasing. Monitoring techniques must therefore be more precise and more sensitive. One of the effective methods available is the development of sensitive electrochemical sensors, dedicated to the analysis of pollutants in aqueous solution. The carbon paste electrode (CPE) in this study was modified with Moringa Oleifera seed powder, a flocculant-adsorbent used to treat water. This chemically modified electrode presented improved electrochemical reactivity in cyclic votammetry towards the redox marker Ferri / Ferrocyanide compared to the bare carbon paste electrode. The 10 % modifier presented the most interest during the analysis. The Modified electrode was used to detect mercury (II) in anodic stripping voltammetry. The detection current of mercury (II) is seven times that of carbon paste electrode (CPE). The calibration curve is linear in the range from 0.002 μmol/L to 0.009 μmol/L (0.4 μg/L to 1.8 μg/L) with a detection limit of 0.4 ηmol/L (i.e.0.08 μg/L). This new technique can be used for routine monitoring of real aqueous matrices.

Bio-Purification of River Kaduna Water Using Moringa Oleifera Seed Powder

The study was designed to investigate the effect of Moringa Oleifera seed powder in purifying raw water. Water samples were collected in plastic bottles on monthly basis, for six months in the dry and wet season along the Southern axis of river Kaduna (Kakuri). Physicochemical parameters of the water such as Turbidity, DO/BOD, Hardness, pH and Electrical Conductivity were carried out using Standard Methods. Heavy metals of the water such as Copper, Arsenic, Chromium and Lead were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The effect of various concentrations of the seed powder on physicochemical parameters and heavy metals of the water were determined using jar test in the dry and wet seasons. The result of the physicochemical parameters such as turbidity (278.00±38.62 FAU), BOD (204.73±111.63 mg/L), E.C (2195±107.39 μmhos/cm) in the wet season indicated a high level of pollution in the water while in the dry season, low levels of turbidity (35.00±6.43FAU), BOD (0.53±0.13mg/L), and E.C (89.33±14.73μmhos/cm) showed a low level of pollution. The pH of the water in both seasons was neutral (7.07±0.64 and 7.94±0.59) and within the WHO limits of 6.5-8.5. The result of heavy metals in the dry season; Cu (0.015±0.001), As (0.793±0.001) and wet season, Cr (0.019±0.001) and Pb (0.084±0.001). The result obtained revealed that the extract has high potential to reduce turbidity, improve low DO’s, reduce high BOD’s in the water, with high antimicrobial properties that can be used in reducing bacteria load.

Evaluation of the efficacy of moringa oleifera seed powder on some physicochemical parameters in White Nile River water

This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Moringa oleifera seeds powder on purification of White Nile River water, during the dry season (March-April 2014). Water samples were collected from twelve different locations from the River at El duwaim city, on dimension 3.0 meters in front of the bank and 20 centimeters in depth. The physico-chemical parameters concentrations of water samples (pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved salts, total hardness, iron and chloride ions) were detected before treatment by Moringa oleifera seeds powder., various doses of Moringa seed powder (50, 100 and 150 mg/L) were added to water samples for a duration of one to two hours, then analyzed to detect the effects on that parameter. The results showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) decreased concentrations of all mentioned parameters, directly proportional with increasing dose and time respectively (except pH).

Application of Bio-Treatment Agent for Waste Water Remediation using Moringa Olifera Seed powder

This study is aimed at determining the efficacy of using Moringa oleifera seed powder (MOSP) in wastewater treatment process (domestic and industrial). The effectiveness of MOSP was evaluated on the microbial and physiochemical characteristics of water. The experimental results of the properties of the treated and untreated water samples from industrial and domestic water sources revealed significant improvement after treatment with MOSP. The findings observed that generally, Moringa oleifera seeds treated both industrial and domestic waste water well as an alternative to commercial coagulating agents. The study, therefore recommended that Moringa oleifera seed powder be utilized in industries and homes for the treatment of waste water and re-use. In addition, these processes are environmentally friendly and offer a wide variety of other benefits, such as reducing costs, reducing the generation of by-products, and providing greater biodegradability.

Determination of the Effect of Moringa oleifera Seed on the Rheological and Filtration Properties of Water Based Mud

A cost-effective and environmentally friendly biodegradable locally sourced alternative will be sought to reduce drilling fluid cost drilling operations. Moringa oleifera seed is a cheap, locally obtainable, and environmentally friendly additive. This study aims to determine the effect and suitability of locally processed Moringa oleifera seed powder (MSP) as an additive to improve the performance of water-based mud. The seeds were collected, prepared, and pulverized to a particle size of 75 microns. Varying concentrations (2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, and 10.0 g) of the MSP were used to treat a simple mud sample, and their properties were determined at varying temperatures (26°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C) using American Petroleum Institute (API) standard procedures. Mud samples treated with Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) served as control. From the result, it was observed that the pH and the mud weight were not affected by MSP concentration. The mud sample plastic viscosity improved by 18% as MSP concentrations increased. The YP/PV ratios show an enhancement at all Moringa oleifera seed powder concentrations relative to the control mud except for the sharp decrease at 70°C. The test sample processed a greater fluid loss volume and filter cake thickness for all concentrations. The physical examination of the mud filter cake of the additive depicted that they have slippery, smooth, and soft mud cakes. The results elucidated MSP suitability in some traditional chemical materials in the oil and gas industry.

Combination of Moringa Oleifera Seed Powder and Iron Sulfate Heptahydrate Salt as Biopolymer Based Matrix for Application as Adsorbent for Odor Inhibition in Poultry Farms

A biopolymer based matrix of M. Oleifera Seed Powder (MOSP) and Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate (FSH) salt was formulated as adsorbent for odor inhibition in poultry farms. The matrix was characterized using FT-IR technique and its performance as adsorbent for NH4+ removal from aqueous solutions was examined via sorption studies. The result showed an excellent sorption performance at 0.1 g sorbent dosage, pH of 9 and 30 min agitation time. This indicates that the matrix possess an excellent ion exchange property and thus a suitable sorbent for NH4+ even in low concentration environment. The study reveals the capacity of the adsorptive matrix as a safe and cost-effective method to be used for ammoniacal odor control from poultry farms which may be applicable to other animal farm operations (AFOs).

Domestic Water Filter for Treatment of Arsenic Contaminated Water

The feasibility and efficacy of continuous up flow filter packed with Shelled Moringa Oleifera Seed (SMOS) powder for the evacuation of As(V) from polluted water was explored by varying SMOS dose, initial As(V) intensity, and adsorbate flow rate. The finding from fixed column operations depicted that highest As(V) uptake, breakthrough, and saturation time improved with rise in SMOS dosage and with decline in volumetric flow rate. The highest As (V) uptake attained was 55.41 μg g-1 at 100 μg L-1 As(V) intensity, 6 g of SMOS, and flow rate of 2 mL min-1. The breakthrough curves of As(V) removal were modeled by Thomas model and results depicted that the Thomas model delivers excellent similarity with experimental data. From practical and economic view, the filter packed with SMOS might be exceptionally employed as a sustainable and cost-effective strategy for the evacuation of As(V) in polluted water for rural household applications.

Optimization of Enzymatic Preparation Process of Hypoglycemic Peptide from Moringa oleifera Seeds by Response Surface Methodology and Its Hypoglycemic Activities Evaluation in Vitro

In order to improve the resource utilization of Moringa oleifera seeds powder, enzymatic method was used to prepare hypoglycemic peptide from Moringa oleifera seeds. Taking the the degree of proteolysis and α-glucosidase inhibition rate as the response value, single-factor experimental screening and response surface method was used to optimize the optimum enzymatic hydrolysis time, liquid-to-material ratio, hydrolysis pH, enzyme addition, and enzymatic hydrolysis temperature. The hypoglycemic peptide with a molecular weight of <3 kDa were prepared by coarse separation by ultrafiltration, and their inhibitory effects on human liver cancer cells (HepG2 cells) were analyzed by MTT method. The results showed that the optimal conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis were as follows: Time 4.6 h, ratio of liquid to material 40.5:1, pH8.3, enzyme dosage 5.5%, temperature 55 ℃, and the inhibition rate of α-glucosidase was 23.62%±0.14%. The α-glucosidase inhibition rate of the ultrafiltration fraction with a molecular weight of less than 3 kDa had an IC50 value of 5.56 mg/mL. When the concentration of ultrafiltration fraction was 300 μg/mL, the proliferation of HepG2 cells was significantly inhibited after 48 h(P<0.05). The research can lay the foundation for the further separation and purification of hypoglycemic peptide from Moringa oleifera seeds.

Optimization of turbidity and dye removal from synthetic wastewater using response surface methodology: Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed powder as a green coagulant

The present work evaluated the efficiency of Moringa oleifera seed powder (MOSP) as a natural coagulant for removing both turbidity and anionic dye from synthetic wastewater. The bio-coagulation tests were performed by preparing synthetic wastewater containing high turbidity and Amido Black 10B dye. The efficiency of MOSP treatment was optimized using the central composite design (CCD) based on response surface methodology (RSM) and statistical analysis. A series of experiments were conducted to study the influence of several parameters on the coagulation efficiency, namely dosage of MOSP, initial dye concentration, pH, settling time, stirring speed, and stirring time. Experimental results indicated that the removal efficiencies of turbidity and dye from the synthetic wastewater achieved 98.5% and 92.2%, respectively. Numerical optimization results demonstrated that removal efficiencies of turbidity and dye of 100% were obtained at the optimum conditions as follows: MOSP dosage (0.34 mg L−1), dye concentration (7.88 mg L−1), initial pH (6.93), settling time (113.15 min), stirring speed (135 rpm), and stirring time (13.52 min). Moreover, the mechanism of removing turbidity and Amido Black 10B dye by MOSP could be attributed to surficial adsorption due to electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding effects. The results obtained have proven that MOSP bio-coagulant could be used as an efficient natural substance for wastewater treatment and an alternative to chemical coagulants.

Fish Farm Wastewater Treatment using Moringa oleifera Seed Powder as Natural Coagulant

In view of the huge amount of wastewater being generated from the aquaculture sector in Malaysia, Moringa oleifera seed powder was utilized as effective bio-coagulant to minimize the deterioration of fish farm wastewater quality. In this study, optimization of a coagulation-flocculation process was examined through response surface model toolkit established on a central composite design. A quadratic polynomial model was eventually selected to fit its turbidity removal response. The effect of four crucial parameters, namely pH, coagulant dosage, mixing time and settling time was optimized at pH 10, 400 mg/L coagulant dosage, 15 minutes mixing time and 10 minutes settling time for M. oleifera seed extract at a 47.11% turbidity removal efficiency. M. oleifera seed powder substantially removed (>30%) the concentration of total suspended solids, ammonia content, total volatile solids, and phosphate content as compared with the control group without any coagulant addition.

Effective Treatment of Chocolate Industry Effluent Using Waste from Biocosmetic Industry

AbstractThe revaluation of industrial wastes has great environmental benefits. Bio‐cosmetic industry has known huge success worldwide and eventually large amounts of wastes are produced. A bio‐cosmetic industrial waste (BCIW) was experimentally evaluated for its efficiency compared to Moringaoleifera seeds powder (MOSP) and aluminum sulfate (alum) coagulants to treat chocolate industry wastewater (CIWW). Confectionery industrial wastewater is commonly defined by high turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total solids, total volatile solids, and carbohydrates that may cause detrimental environmental pollution if discharged directly. M.oleifera seeds are largely studied by several researchers and alum is widely used in the industrial wastewater treatment due to its performance and low price. However, industrial bio‐cosmetic waste has never been used as a coagulant in previous studies. In this study, the removal of turbidity and COD from CIWW is investigated in relation to coagulant concentration and coagulation pH. It is found that the industrial waste performs better than MOSP and alum in removing turbidity and COD. The results show that BCIW removes more than 99% turbidity and over 87% COD at optimal treatment conditions of coagulant concentration and pH. The findings suggest that the BCIW has the potential to be utilized as a bio‐coagulant for treating CIWW.

Physio-Chemical Characteristics and Acid-Sulphate Reactions of Moringa Oleifera Seed Powder Cement Paste and Concrete

The evaluation of the effect of using moringa oleifera seed powder (MOSP) to partially replace cement by wt. % has been carried out. A mix parameter of 1: 1.7: 2.5, with designed strength of 20 kN-m2 , and a cement content of 420 kg-m3 , water-cementitious ratio of 0.5, to produce concrete specimens to which percentages of MOSP by wt. % of cement were added and cured for 90 days. Basic characteristics of the MOSP material were determined (Consistency and Setting times), and the concrete parameters workability, density, water absorption and compressive strength were also determined. The analysis of the experimental data collected on MOSP and MOSP-concrete confirmed that MOSP is substantially silicate (Quartz and Cristobalite). These have greatly to a large extent imparted on the quality of MOSP-concrete produced good quality concrete. The optimum replacement was at 0.2 % wt. % of cement.

Optimization of active coagulant agent extraction method from Moringa Oleifera seeds for municipal wastewater treatment

An enhanced and different method for the active coagulant agent extraction from Moringa Oleifera seeds powder (MOSP) was established and compared to the conventional extraction method in distillate water. In the improved method, MOSP were extracted using sodium chloride as solvent at different concentrations to extract more coagulant agent from Moringa Oleifera and enhance coagulation activity. In this study, MOSP were initially processed and oil content was removed to minimize coagulant concentration usage (MOSP-EO). Moringa Oleifera seeds powder was characterized by both X-ray and FTIR analysis. Ultrasound treatment as well was considered as an additional treatment for MOSP-EO to investigate its effect on coagulant agent extraction process improvement. Coagulation/flocculation experiments were conducted to assess coagulant extraction performance realized through various conditions. The effect of coagulant dosage, solvent concentration and ultrasound exposition duration were investigated for a real effluent of municipal wastewater treatment. Among the three studied NaCl concentrations, 1.0 M was found to be the best solvent concentration for high turbidity removal of more than 97% using 140 mg/L of MOSP-EO compared to extraction in distillate water 88% using 170 mg/L of the same coagulant. NaCl 1.0 M demonstrated the best performance in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) removal as well, where more than 98% of municipal wastewater initial BOD5 was eliminated. Mixing MOSP-EO assisted with ultrasound waves at different treatment periods did decrease the active coagulant agent extraction and thus showed its inconvenient for Moringa Oleifera coagulation activity usage.

Protocols for assessing antibacterial and water coagulation potential of Moringa oleifera seed powder

This research evaluated Moringa oleifera seed powder (MOSP) as an antibacterial agent, and a coagulant. In the former, clinical isolates of Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were used, and in the latter, river and stream water were used. Both the isolates and water samples were treated with MOSP at varying final concentrations of 0.001, 0.002, 0.004 and 0.017 g/ml.For the antibacterial assay, a dose of 0.017 g/ml of MOSP was effective on all three isolates with CFU/ml reduction of 99.4, 78.8 and 57.3% on Salmonella sp., E. coli and S. aureus respectively. An ANOVA confirmed this finding at P<0.05; 0.0014 between the treated and control samples. The water treatment assay also showed a reduction of total hardness, fluoride, phosphate, nitrate, total iron and manganese levels below the water quality standards.The MOSP could serve as a cost-effective product for process integration in raw water treatment systems in rural and urban settings. The study shows bioactivity of the seed powder of Moringa, and provides grounds to isolate the active component for commercialization and usage by the wider population with limited or no access to potable water.