Moringa Cultivation Research Articles

Arduino-Based Moringa Cultivation and Innovation in Processed Moringa Products to Prevent Stunting, Cangkring Village, Jenggawah District, Jember Regency

The industrial era 4.0 is a new phase in the development of technology in agriculture. Technologies such as drones, sensors, cloud computing, and agricultural automation are examples of the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) as technological advances in agriculture. Moringa is rich in beneficial nutrients, especially for pregnant and lactating mothers so that it can prevent stunting. Internet of Things (IoT) technology is applied to monitor the growth conditions of Moringa in real time, increasing harvest yields in terms of quality and quantity. This program has proven effective in increasing the understanding of the Cangkring village community and can be used as a way to prevent stunting, as well as improve the quality of life in areas with a high prevalence of stunting

Use of Moringa Plant as a Healthy Processed Food: A Study of the Social Facts Paradigm Within the Keloris Community in Ngawenomboh Village, Kunduran District, Blora Regency, Central Java

Empowered communities are self-reliant, have better opportunities to utilize and access local resources, and improved well-being. Social facts indicate that the community of Ngawenomboh Village in Kunduran District, Blora Regency, Central Java, is facing welfare issues resulting in malnutrition. On the other hand, there is local potential for the wild moringa plant, which is underutilized even though appropriate processing might boost the nation’s economy and combat malnutrition. Using moringa as a nutritious processed product, “Keloris,” can majorly benefit the community. This research aims to explain and assess this initiative. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques through observation and in-depth interviews with Keloris and community sources. The results show that the community empowerment initiatives by Keloris follow the empowering sustainability approach with technology. The empowering approach includes moringa cultivation, and production and distribution partnerships, which have resulted in community empowerment, self-reliance, and entrepreneurship. Meanwhile, the sustainability approach involves training and developing community empowerment programs, resulting in the emergence of 1keloris as agents of change responsible for moringa development in the community. Additionally, the technology approach, through the use of production machines and digital marketing, has increased moringa production capacity and quality, as well as expanded its market. This research contributes to a community empowerment model for processing moringa as a healthy product. Keywords: empowerment, keloris, local potential

Optimization of Vacant Land Utilization through Moringa Cultivation and Moringa Tea Production as a Source of Food and Income for the Cilembang Community, Tasikmalaya

Optimization of Vacant Land Utilization through Moringa Cultivation and Moringa Tea Production as a Source of Food and Income for the Cilembang Community, Tasikmalaya

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Khususnya Kaum Perempuan Melalui Budidaya Dan Pengolahan Daun Kelor di Desa Salo Timur

Salo Timur Village in Salo Sub-district, Kampar Regency, Riau Province is one of the villages where the community has a low income or the majority of the community is still in a poor condition, especially women. Women are often marginalized, they face challenges in their role and participation in village development, and they are also faced with difficulties in increasing family income and welfare. One of the things done to overcome the problems of the community, especially women, is through community empowerment activities by utilizing the potential of abundant natural resources, including the existence of moringa trees that thrive in the vicinity. The empowerment activities carried out are through cultivation and processing of moringa leaves. The learning approach used in this training is the Andragogy approach with lecture, discussion and practicum methods. The implementation of community empowerment activities in Salo Timur Village was carried out on June 2, 2022 through moringa cultivation and processing activities. The results of this activity are increasing the role of women in village development, through increasing their ability to cultivate and process moringa leaves so that they can be utilized as a source of livelihood.

Community Empowerment through Processed Moringa cultivation, Production and Marketing

In essence, community empowerment is the main result of the community empowerment process. Local potential is social capital in increasing community empowerment. Has the community empowerment carried out by the Keloris community in using Moringa as a healthy processed product had a positive impact on community empowerment? Through the research focus of empowering, sustainability, technology approach, researchers analyzed the empowerment process in the form of moringa cultivation, moringa production, production partners and distribution partners, as well as factors that influence empowerment activities. Through a participatory communication approach, it provides space for interaction between Keloris and the community in realizing empowerment activities. This research aims to analyze the role of moringa in empowering the community of Ngawenomboh Village, Kunduran District, Blora Regency, Central Java in using moringa as a healthy processed product, as well as what the factors behind it are. Using a social facts paradigm approach reveals in-depth phenomena in a qualitative descriptive manner by exploring data through in-depth interviews and observations with information sources from both the Keloris community and other participants. This research resulted in the role of the moringa community in empowering the community to use moringa as a healthy processed product. It has created empowerment, independence, community entrepreneurship even though sustainability obstacles are caused by community mindset, keloris commitment, technological adaptation and stakeholder support. In general, community empowerment activities are able to bring positive benefits in the form of awareness of the processing and use of moringa to provide economic value for family nutrition. This research contributes to a model for empowering the use of moringa based on the InLine System, namely a nutritional locking method that guarantees the quality of moringa

Special Pattern and Distribution Land Suitability for Moringa (Moringa Oleifera) in Kupang District

The Kupang Regency in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, experiences 8-9 dry months annually and relies heavily on agricultural and livestock activities, integral to its population. Moringa cultivation for livestock feed is interconnected with these activities. To assess the spatial suitability of moringa plantations, a descriptive study utilized GIS software and overlay methods, incorporating elevation, slope, annual rainfall, temperature data, and land use maps. After excluding forested, residential, and other areas, Kupang Regency's total land area was 288,497 ha. Of this, 114,239 ha were found highly suitable, 138,040 ha moderately suitable, and 36,218 ha unsuitable for moringa cultivation. East Kupang Subdistrict ranked highest in suitable land (16,232 ha), followed by Takari (11,932 ha), Sulamu (9,281 ha), and West Kupang (8,208 ha). Conversely, Fatuleu Tengah (27 ha), Amfoang Tengah (96 ha), and Amfoang Selatan (409 ha) had the least very suitable land. Similarly, Takari (18,279 ha), West Fatuleu (15,784 ha), Fatuleu (14,194 ha), West Amarasi (10,620 ha), and South Amfoang (10,130 ha) excelled in moderately suitable land. In contrast, South Semau (246 ha), East Kupang (434 ha), and Central Kupang (960 ha) had the smallest moderately suitable areas. Unsuitable land for moringa, like South Amfoang (10,270 ha) and Amfoang Tengah (8,932 ha), were prominent. This research aids in identifying optimal locations for moringa cultivation, aligning farming practices with the region's agricultural needs.

Variations of the agroecological potential of Moringa oleifera Lam., in the presence of climate change scenarios in Veracruz, Mexico

Objective: This research aimed to identify variations in areas with agroecological potential for Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringa) cultivation, derived from the effects of climate change to the near horizon of 2039 in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach: The future scenario considered the current agroecological potential in the State and the general circulation model (GCM) HADGEM2-ES for the RCP8.5 scenario projected to the near future, 2039, with five categories: Very High, High, Medium, Low, and Very Low potential. Results: An area with a Very High category of 1,057,415 hectares (ha) was identified, which corresponds to an expansion of 4.9% with respect to the current size. It was determined that climate change favors the cultivation of Moringa in three areas of the state. The most significant variation with an increase in the Very High category (115.58%) was identified in southern Veracruz, followed by the central area (110.17%). The greatest decrease (-4.53%) occurred in the north of the state. Limitations on study/implications: Only the regions with Very High potential were identified, without considering those with High, Medium, Low, and Very Low agroecological potential. Findings/conclusions: The projections under climate change conditions to the horizon of 2039 highlight the expansion of regions with Very High potential for cultivating the species in 19% of the Veracruz territory.

The productive potential of intercropping Buffel-grass with Moringa: sustainable forage production in a semi-arid region

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the effect of different tree densities on the productive, structural, chemical composition, thermal and light conditions of the intercropping of buffel-grass (Cenchrus ciliares L.) with moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.). The experimental design was randomised blocks, with four replications. The treatments consisted of moringa cultivation in five tree densities: 0; 3000; 4000; 6000 and 10,000 trees/ha, with buffel grass grown between the lines of the trees. There was no alteration in the thermal and luminous conditions of the consortiums as a function of tree densities. Canopy height and tiller population density of buffel-grass were adjusted by quadratic equations as a function of tree density, with lower values estimated at densities of 8833.5 and 7275.0 trees/ha, respectively. Nevertheless, moringa forage mass was adjusted by a linear equation (β1 = 0.0655). There was no effect of tree density on dry matter, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, crude protein, and lignin in both species. Therefore, the increase in tree density promotes growth in the forage production of moringa and a reduction in the production of buffel-grass but does not alter the chemical composition of forage plants.

Leaves production and its flavonoids content of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) from fulvic acid treatment

Moringa is drought tolerant and its leaf is traditionally used as a vegetable. Recently, the leaf is used commercially in traditional medicine and functional foods. Fulvic acid is a kind of plant growth regulator derived from humic acid and is considered a fertilizer in sustainable agriculture. The objective of the research was to determine the effect of fulvic acid concentration on the growth, biomass, phosphorus and flavonoids contents of moringa seedlings. The experiment was conducted from July 2020 to January 2021 at Leuwikopo Experimental Station, Bogor. The treatment was arranged in a randomized block design consisting of two factors, i.e., fulvic acid level (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mL L-1) and moringa accessions (East Nusa Tenggara-ENT and Leuwikopo-LWK). Observation focused on growth and biomass, total flavonoids, and phosphorus contents of leaves. The results showed that fulvic acid enhanced leaf growth, and plant height. On the other hand, the fulvic acid application had no significant effect on biomass production, total flavonoids, and phosphorus contents of moringa leaves. Accessions expressed different responses to fulvic acid levels, i.e.e, the fulvic acid of 1 mL L-1 seemed favorable for ENT accession while 2 mL L-1 was favorable for LWK accession as indicated by the level of flavonoid content. Therefore, fulvic acid is beneficial in moringa cultivation, particularly for ENT accession. It is interesting to evaluate the fulvic acid application on moringa trees grown in ENT where soil moisture is considered low.
 Keywords: accession; phosphorus; seedling; humic acid; East Nusa Tenggara; vegetable

Pengaruh Media Tanam yang Berbeda terhadap Produktivitas Tanaman Kelor (Moringa oleifera)

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is a type of tropical plant that is easy to grow in Indonesia. This plant is classified as a shrub with a height of about 7-11 meters and thrives in the lowlands up to an altitude of 700 meters above sea level. Moringa plants have the potential to increase livestock production, especially used as feed for ruminants. Currently research on moringa is mostly focused on nutritional quality and health value obtained, while research on optimal cultivation of moringa is still very little. In this study, the production of moringa plants grown on soil media was carried out with the addition of manure with different doses and sources on the production of moringa plants. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and five replications, P0 = 2 kg of soil without fertilizer, P1 = 1 kg of soil and 1 kg of cow manure. P2 = 1 kg of soil and 1 kg of goat manure. The application of organic fertilizer resulted in a significant decrease in the height growth of Moringa plants. On the diameter of the stem, organic fertilizer has a significant effect on increasing the size of the stem diameter. On leaf growth, the application of organic fertilizers did not significantly affect the growth of plant leaves. Types of organic fertilizers that give the best effect are goat feces on plant height, cow feces and goat feces give the best effect on plant stem diameter.

Determinants of Farmers’ Willingness to Cultivate Moringa Oleifera: The Case of Dipaculao, Aurora, Philippines

Moringa oleifera, commonly known as “malunggay” or “marunggay” in the Philippines, is a native tree considered a miracle plant due to its multipurpose uses, especially in traditional medicine. However, despite its proven uses and adaptability to different climates, the species is still underutilized. This paper aims to provide evidence regarding the dominant perceptions of and willingness to cultivate moringa, especially among those working in the agriculture sector. This study employed a descriptive research design. Data were gathered from farmers in Dipaculao, Aurora, using a self-made questionnaire and were processed and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23. The results showed that the majority of the farmers had positive perceptions of moringa and a willingness to cultivate it. Moreover, the farmers’ age, sex, farm size, years engaged in farming, and number of household members did not affect their willingness to cultivate moringa. Furthermore, farmers highlighted factors that might affect their decision to cultivate moringa, including the knowledge and skills for moringa cultivation and management, necessary capital for planting materials, and equipment and facilities for cultivation and processing. Therefore, this study recommends that the concerned agencies provide the farmers with training and seminars, financial loans, machinery/tools, and farm inputs.

Pengaruh Penyemaian yang Berbeda Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kelor (Moringa oleifera)

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is a type of tropical plant that is easy to grow in Indonesia. This plant is starting to be in great demand by the public and one of the types of plants that can be used as potential food. Its high nutritional status and benefits have earned it the nickname Mother's Best friend and Miracle tree. Other benefits of the Moringa plant are as an antimicrobial found in the seeds of the Moringa plant, coagulants in surface water purification efforts (pond water, river water, lake water) and a potential source of biodiesel raw material after jatropha curcas. Moringa cultivation can be done vegetatively and generatively. In this research, we will observe the generative reproduction of Moringa plants, namely through seeds. This study aims to find out how to sow moringa seeds that can produce the best plants. The treatment of soaking seeds in warm water showed a higher percentage of germination compared to immersion in ordinary water. The treatment of soaking the seeds in warm water followed by planting the sprouts in soil media added with manure had a very significant effect on plant height, number of leaves and root length.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pelatihan Hidroponik Untuk Membentuk Wirausaha Baru Bernilai Ekonomi

Abstract: The training activities are based on the collaboration between the dedication team and Mandiri Bank. All activities are sponsored by Mandiri Bank. The purpose of this activity through Mandiri Bank is to foster civil servants who are about to or nearing retirement to take part in hydroponic cultivation training. In this case, Mandiri Bank provides facilitation in terms of providing funding for those who want to develop a hydroponic plant cultivation business. The activity was carried out in the North Lombok Regency Regent's Office Hall. The method of implementing the activities carried out is in the form of training on hydroponic plants along with teaching aids to facilitate understanding of hydroponic plant cultivation. The activity was made as interesting as possible, considering that the activity was carried out during the day so that a quiz or some kind of game was held to encourage the participants. In addition, the contents of this hydroponic cultivation training provide a guide regarding opportunities for business development and/or being able to cultivate hydroponic plants in the yard of the house for daily consumption. The enthusiasm of the participants was very good, as seen by approximately 50% preferring hydroponic cultivation to train other than hydroponic cultivation such as catfish and moringa cultivation.

The Value Chain of Moringa oleifera Plant and the Process of Producing Its Biodiesel in Ghana.

Moringa oleifera grows well in different parts of Africa, including Ghana, and throughout the world as it can tolerate moderate cold and severe drought. Dubbed as the “Miracle Tree,” Moringa has a number of nutritional, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications. It is also used as a cure for diabetes and various forms of cancer. Another promising use of this plant is the production of biodiesel. However, such application demands vast cultivation areas and this can lead to competition with the cultivation of crops for food, forestry, and environmental protection. Furthermore, it requires suitable cultivation schedules that favor the growth of pods containing oil-rich seeds. The present work investigates the availability of land for Moringa cultivation in Ghana to increase the energy production from the plant. The study reports on an overview of the soil, water, and climatic conditions that favor Moringa oleifera cultivation and oil production, the conversion of Moringa oleifera oil to biodiesel, and the performance of Moringa oleifera biodiesel versus mineral diesel as well as the commercial enhancement of the Moringa product.

The possibility and prosperity of Moringa oleifera Lam. cultivation in Armenia under conditions of outdoor hydroponics and soil

Moringa is one of the most important plants in the fight against malnutrition. Its leaves are largely used in food. This subtropical plant is a non-traditional culture for Armenia. For the first time it was cultivated in outdoor hydroponic and soil conditions in Ararat Valley. The aim of the study was to reveal the plant’s cultivation possibility in the outdoor hydroponic conditions and the quantitative and qualitative efficiency of its plant raw material. The results are showing that hydroponic moringa exceeded soil variant 1.7 times in useful biomass of leaves in a count of per plant. Due to high productivity, the hydroponic moringa plants exceeded soil plants with the output of the extractive substances (1.5 times), flavonoids (1.4 times), phenolic acids (1.9 times), tannins (1.2 times), calcium (1.2 times), magnesium (2.9 times), proteins (1.5 times), and carbohydrates (1.3 times). The received results allowed assuming that the hydroponic culture is effective and perspective for moringa cultivation in Armenia.

High yield in moringa for lowland areas was obtained from the Bogor accession

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is one of the non-wood forest products. Every part of the Moringa plant can be used as a source of food, medicines, and feed. The purpose of this study was to obtain information regarding the growth and production of several Moringa accessions from Indonesia with different leaves harvesting intervals. The study was conducted in January-June 2016 at the Experimental Garden Sawah Baru, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Dramaga. Experiments were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) split-plot with 3 replications. The main plot was the accession with 7 different accessions and the subplot was harvesting interval with two levels, namely 5 and 7 weeks. Accessions used were from Lhokseumawe, Bogor, Solo, Banyuwangi, Tabanan, Central Halmahera, and Palu. Results showed the interaction between Bogor accession of 7-week harvesting intervals had the best ratio of harvested leaflets per harvested leaves. Bogor accession had the best growth and production in the number of leaves and weight of harvested branches. Interval harvesting of 7 weeks delivered the best growth and yields. The use of Bogor accession with 7 weeks harvesting interval is advisable to apply for intensive Moringa cultivation in Bogor or other wet lowlands.

Influence of aqueous extracts of Neem (Azadirachta indica) against Noorda blitealis (R.), a Moringa pest in the Sahelian zone

Moringa cultivation is growing in importance in Niger. It is cultivated for its leaves eaten in the form of porridge or as a fresh vegetable. It contributes to improving the nutritional quality of the diet of Nigeriens because it is rich in trace elements (mainly calcium, iron and vitamins) and in proteins. Despite its importance; Moringa cultivation is attacked by many insect pests, drastically reducing yields when precautions are not taken. A comparative study of the efficacy of the aqueous extract made from neem seeds and the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana (Beauverie) on the caterpillars of Noorda blitealis (R.) was carried out in the laboratory. The treatments consisted of 14 replicates each containing 10 larvae of three early stages of development. Only one treatment was carried out on leaves and caterpillars. Data was collected daily for ten days. The analysis showed that the aqueous extract of neem seeds and B. bassiana were comparable to the chemical pesticide with respective larval mortality rates of 90±13.87% and 66.43±11.45%. The neem seed and B. bassiana treatments generated an increase in larval mortality rates of 64.29% and 87.86% respectively compared to the control. It is also noted that the control treatment recorded the highest number of pupae (91±14.1%). The performance of these biopesticides on pest mortality can contribute to ecological management and their introduction as alternative methods in moringa production basins in Niger.

Diversity analysis of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) genotypes using DUS descriptors

Moringa is a crop with wide variability and is known as the miracle tree due to its application in various fields as food, medicine, plant growth stimulator and animal feed because of its nutritional, pharmacological, biotechnological potential. Understanding the genetic potential of the crop helps in the exploitation of existing variability in breeding programmes. Tamil Nadu, being the state pioneering in moringa cultivation with diverse genotypes, a total of 32 genotypes collected from different regions of the state were selected to study the variability in order to identify best performing genotypes. Principal component analysis for the selected 25 morphological characters elucidated that nine principal components with eigenvalue more than one accounted for 83.59 per cent of the total variability and also revealed that maximum variation was exhibited by the number of pods per cluster, the number of pods per branch, anthocyanin colouration in petiole, pod shape, pod length and plant growth habit whereas remaining traits exhibited low variability. Based on Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering and PCA the genotypes CBE MO 1, CBE MO 13, CBE MO 19, CBE MO 28 and CBE MO 29 were identified as the most diverse genotypes. Key words: Moringa, PCA, cluster, variability, DUS, descriptors

Factors Influencing the Dis-adoption of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> among Farming Households in Oyo State, Nigeria

This study was conducted to determine the factors influencing the disadoption of Moringa oleifera among farming households in Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected through the use of structured questionnaires for this study. Descriptive and quantitative techniques were used for the analysis of survey data. Result revealed that the level of disadoption of Moringa in the study area was high whereas those that are still cultivating moringa still realizes income it. Also, the respondents indicated that low return on investment on moringa oleifera, low demand of moringa oleifera products such as leaf and seeds, low sale of moringa products, inadequate processing equipment, and inadequate marketing channels and over hyped health benefit of moringa products were factors contributing to the disadoption of moringa oleifera cultivation.The study revealed that age,membership of farmers’ association, non-farm income, and access to extension and involvement of the farmers in other agroforestry practices were significant factors influencing the disadoption of moringa in the study area. However, membership of farmers’ association and access to extension services significantly influence the probability of disadoption of moringa cultivation negatively. This study therefore recommends that there shouldbe further awareness on the benefits of moringa in order to increase demand for moringa and its product and that farmers should be encouraged to join Moringa farmers group in order to network with other farmers and to access information.
 Keywords: Dis-Adoption, Moringa oleifera, Probit and Oyo State.

Assessing Factors Affecting Moringa Production at North-western Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia

Moringa is a highly valued plant that is mostly grown in arid and semi-arid areas which used for food, medication and industrial purposes. This study investigates the factors affecting Moringa plant cultivation among farmers in Northern Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to collect data from 54 farmers using questionnaire. Data were analysed using the descriptive statistics. The study identified the socioeconomic characteristics of the sampled respondents. Literate farmers were better in cultivation of Moringa plant than the illiterate one. It also reveals that land size were not the limiting factor for Moringa cultivation in the study area. This study shows that though farmers utilize Moringa, but still there is lack of knowledge on production, utilization, nutritional and economic importance of the plant. Of the total sampled 46.3% of the respondents used Moringa for human consumption. While compared to the proportion who cultivates Moringa it is relatively low. This low utilization of Moringa in the area attributed due to limited or no awareness on nutritional importance of Moringa and lack of knowledge on preparation of the Moringa utilization. The farmers mentioned that the main constraints that hinder Moringa cultivation is lack of awareness, lack of seedling availability, easily damageable by animals and attacked by termites. Based on the findings; this study recommends that the respective districts, other stakeholders and projects should take responsibilities in creating awareness regarding benefits and utilization process of the plant and offering Moringa seedlings to the society.