BackgroundNurses are prone to early occupational burnout. Compared to the personnel in other hospital wards, operating room personnel suffer from higher rate of occupational burnout. Previous studies have addressed the relationship between burnout and moral distress, but a review of literature shows that the relationship between occupational burnout and moral courage has not been investigated. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between occupational burnout and moral courage in the operating room personnel. MethodThis is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The participants consisted of 583 members of the operating room personnel of hospitals affiliated with a university. Data were collected using the Burnout Inventory and the Moral Courage scale. ResultsThe majority of the participants were female (81.1%) and married (65.7%) and had a bachelor's degree (86.4%). The occupational burnout mean score of the participants was an average (61.28±17.06), while their moral courage mean score was a high (93.74±11.16). The results showed that the relationship between the operating room personnel's job burnout and moral courage was not statistically significant (P = 0.067, R=-0.076). ConclusionGiven the fact that operating room personnel suffer from average levels of occupational burnout, operating room managers must arrange continuous educational programs and periodic counseling sessions to reduce burnout in the operating room personnel. In addition, clinical policy makers are advised to take measures to maintain the persistence of morally courageous behaviors by the personnel to protect patient rights.