Moral Terms Research Articles

Energy management in the water sector: A policy statement review.

Water and wastewater utilities consume significant energy. While they are regulated on water quality and other environmental issues, energy management is largely optional. In between enforceable public policy and voluntary internal action, professional associations can influence their industries to act. In this perspective article, we discuss 10 policy statements from three professional associations in the water sector and discuss how they support energy management. While few of the statements directly address energy management, we conclude that they justify it in terms of ethics, sustainability, affordability, and asset management. Still, their disparate nature exposes a policy gap. We recommend that the associations develop definitive policy statements on the subject to clarify their positions and set expectations. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Water/wastewater utilities use energy but are not regulated for energy management. In the absence of public policy, professional associations can influence action. We discuss 10 policy statements from ASCE, AWWA, and WEF in the water industry. The statements support energy management indirectly but leave a policy gap. We recommend developing policy statements specifically on this topic.

The Moral Economy of Welfare: Bulgarian Roma Migrants Reclaiming Social Citizenship through Fraud

This paper explores the constitution of a moral economy of welfare through acts of benefit fraud. The structural conditions of contemporary labour, citizenship, and migration regimes in Europe exclude large shares of workers from access to social citizenship and place them in a position of undeserving trespassers of the social contract. Drawing on the case of Bulgarian Roma engaged in precarious labour and short-term intensive mobility between Bulgaria and the Netherlands, I show how labour conditions in both countries and the structures of the welfare regimes effectively exclude them from access to social citizenship and confine them to the realms of informal work, thus putting them in a position of differential inclusion. The benefit fraud in this context has multiple interpretations—ranging from crime through a survival strategy to a claim to social justice. By mobilizing the idea of the moral economy of welfare, I seek to explain how migrants justify their actions not as transgression, but as a claim to social citizenship and a critique of an unjust social and economic order. In a moral economy of welfare, the migrants see themselves as deserving state support both by virtue of being citizens and of being good workers. Being excluded from proper welfare support is interpreted as a failure of both states. In this context, the fraud is framed in moral terms as an act of citizenship aiming to restore justice.

Epistemological and Ethical Philosophy of Mathematics In 21st Century Mathematics Learning Practices

21st century mathematics education has made use of science and technology while maintaining the philosophy of mathematics from an ethical and epistemological standpoint. This paper examines the goals of the philosophy of mathematics from an epistemological and ethical perspective. It also investigates the relationship between these perspectives and the practice of studying mathematics in the twenty-first century. This article was written using the Publish or Perish software and a systematic literature review approach. 41 initial articles were found by inputting keywords. Following review, fifteen articles were found to be in agreement. This study reveals that the goal of mathematics philosophy is to understand truth, meaning, certainty, and the nature and sources of mathematical knowledge, as well as how to interpret mathematics, from an epistemological perspective. Analyze and reflect on the ethical implications of mathematical practices. Its epistemological application in 21st century learning practices guides the way concepts are positioned, logical arguments are made, and mathematical problems are solved. Next, ethical considerations include maintaining student privacy, establishing learning agreements in every class, and avoiding creating group distinctions. by utilizing an interactive, student-centered learning paradigm like PBL, inquiry, contextual learning, use of technology, STEM, and others. Such behaviors will subsequently cultivate the values of critical, communicative, creative, and cooperative character. Therefore, we must uphold the fundamentals of learning in the 21st century, both in terms of epistemology and ethics.

Controversies Regarding Mesh Utilisation and the Attitude towards the Appendix in Amyand’s Hernia—A Systematic Review

Inguinal hernia containing the vermiform appendix is a rare entity. It is more common in children than in adults. It can be discovered incidentally during the surgical intervention performed for the cure of the inguinal hernia or when the appendix shows inflammatory changes, a situation that can lead to diagnostic confusion with a number of other diseases. Imaging can guide the diagnosis, which often comes as an intraoperative surprise. The therapeutic approach is controversial both in terms of whether or not to perform an appendectomy in the case of an appendix without inflammatory changes and especially in terms of using a mesh during the hernia repair process. Since the pathology is not very frequent, there are no standardized stages in terms of surgical ethics that can guarantee good surgical practice. The study aimed to carry out a review of the specialized literature to obtain some conclusions or trends regarding the management of this pathology. The low frequency of this type of hernia did not allow the consultation of large-scale studies or extensive reviews focusing on case reports or case series communications. The obtained results were statistically analyzed and integrated in relation to the surgical attitude depending on the particularities of the condition.

Zühd Döneminde Teşekkül Eden Korku ve Sevgi Ekollerinin Kurucusu İki Sûfî ve Zühd Anlayışlarının Mukayesesi

Zühd Döneminde Teşekkül Eden Korku ve Sevgi Ekollerinin Kurucusu İki Sûfî ve Zühd Anlayışlarının Mukayesesi

Reconceiving Murdochian Realism

It can be tempting to read Iris Murdoch as subscribing to the same position as standard contemporary moral realists. Her language is often similar to theirs and they share some key commitments, most importantly the rejection of the fact-value dichotomy. However, it is a mistake to assume that her realism amounts to the same thing theirs does. In this paper I offer a sketch of her alternative conception of realism, which centres on the idea that truth and reality are fundamentally ethical concepts. For Murdoch, I suggest, realism is a matter of doing justice to the objects one is confronted with—something that cannot be understood except in ethical terms.

Which immigrant acculturation strategies are perceived as (im)moral? Consequences on the emotions and behavioral intentions expressed by host populations

IntroductionNorth Africans immigrants in France are devalued and discriminated. Research suggests that the acculturation strategy they adopt impacts the way they are perceived on the stereotype content model's warmth and competence dimensions and the emotions and behavioral intentions they elicit (BIAS map model). ObjectiveConsidering that the warmth dimension consists of two sub-dimensions — sociability and morality — the present study explores how perceived morality influences the BIAS map's predictions as a function of perceptions of acculturation. MethodWe randomly assigned 343 participants to one of four groups. Participants in each group read extracts from an interview with a male North African immigrant who expressed one of four acculturation strategies (integrationist, assimilationist, separationist, marginalist). They then expressed their perceptions of the immigrant (stereotypes) and the emotions and behavioral intentions he inspired. ResultsAs hypothesized, the assimilationist target was attributed more sociability than the separationist and marginalist targets and less morality than the integrationist and separationist targets. Unexpectedly, participants expressed strong active facilitating behavioral intentions (help and protect) both toward the least moral target (assimilationist) and toward the most moral targets (integrationist and separationist). ConclusionFirst, considering morality in addition to sociability and competence can enrich the BIAS map model's predictive capability. Second, although host populations may perceive assimilationist and separationist acculturation strategies as differing in terms of morality, these different perceptions may lead to similar helping and protection behavioral intentions. Some explanations are suggested.

The role of women in auditing financial statements the importance of gender diversity in the board of directors to achieve the quality of financial reporting

Objective: The main objective of the study is to identify any effects of gender difference on the auditing profession in order to know the impact of gender (specifically female) on the quality of auditing, by studying the opinions of many professionals in the Iraqi environment, as well as identifying the obstacles that women may face during their performance of the auditing profession and identifying the special specifications that they can be characterized by to practice this profession.
 
 Methodology: The study was based on several hypotheses, the first hypothesis: that women outperform men in the skills that are most important to the auditing profession, the second hypothesis: there is an impact of the auditor's gender on the quality of audit work due to important barriers to entering the audit profession, the third hypothesis: that female auditors in partnership positions should show additional competence accordingly, we should expect these auditors to provide higher quality audit services on average than male auditors.
 
 Results: This study has proven that some social and cultural factors associated with the Saudi environment do not work in accounting and auditing firms. The field results have shown that there is a general weakness in linking curricula to professional requirements.
 Conclusion: There are many specifications required for the auditor, whether male or female, in terms of ethics, experience, professional specialization, scientific and practical qualification, and knowledge in other sciences, but the interaction with these specifications differs from one gender to another according to its nature and the circumstances surrounding it.

The Influence of Work Discipline on Teacher Work Effectiveness with Organizational Commitment as an Intervening Variable in the Islamic Education Section Dairi Regency Ministry of Religion Office

Human Resources (HR) are a central factor in an educational institution. However, the fundamental phenomenon that currently tends to occur in educational institutions is the existence of educators and education personnel (HR) who are less qualified. National education has not been able to create superior human resources, both in terms of intellectuality, morality and spirituality. This type of research is quantitative, this research was conducted at the Dairi Regency Ministry of Religion Office, the research population was 275 and used the Slovin technique to draw samples, the samples taken were 163 employees. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires and the research model used is analytical skill and smart PLS is the measuring tool. The results of this research are as follows: Work Discipline has a positive and significant effect on Teacher Work Effectiveness. Work Discipline has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Commitment. Organizational Commitment has an insignificant negative effect on Teacher Work Effectiveness. Work Discipline has a negative and insignificant effect on Teacher Work Effectiveness through Organizational Commitment.

Analysis of the Digital Marketing Mix on the Mikhayla_Shop Account Reviewed from the Perspective of Islamic Business Ethics

This study aims to analyze the form of the digital marketing mix through social media on the Instagram account mikhayla_shop in terms of Islamic Business Ethics. The formulation of the problem in the study is how the digital marketing mix through social media studies on the Instagram account mikhayla_shop is viewed from an Islamic perspective?;. This study uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. Primary data sources come from interviews, observations, and document studies with owners and employees of the Mikhayla shop. At the same time, the secondary data sources come from books, information sources, archives, and official personal documents. Structured interviews and indirect observation are the techniques of data collection. The results showed that Mikayla shop's digital marketing mix through social media is based on Islamic Business Ethics.

Pengaruh Literasi Digital terhadap Pelaksanaan Asuhan Keperawatan

This literature study aims to describe the influence of digital transformation on the implementation of nursing care in terms of ethics and the side of providing nursing care. The method used is an integrated literature review method where the source of information is obtained from searching various journals published from 2016 to 2021. Journal searches using the words "nursing care", "digital literacy" and "digital transformation". The results of the research after After reviewing six related articles, the main theme was how nurses take advantage of technological developments in implementing digital health literacy, and the benefits felt by nurses. In conclusion, digital nursing technology really helps nurses in providing nursing care to clients where their time becomes more efficient. and the quality of services has increased, but this has also led to a process of dehumanization as a result of technology, so it is necessary to develop an attitude of digital professionalism as an effort to build a professional identity that can maintain human values in providing patient-centered nursing care.
 
 Key words: Nursing care; digital literacy; digital transformation

Influence of Social Media on the Behavioral Formation of Digital Natives: a Moderation Approach

Purpose: This study examined the influence of social media on the behavioural formation of digital natives in Lagos, Nigeria, with a specific focus on the accessibility and pattern of social media usage, the online experience, and the influence of social media on the behavioural formation of digital natives. Design/Methodology/Approach: Using a stratified proportionate sample strategy, 450 social media users who grew up in the digital age across 10 local government areas in Lagos, Nigeria, provided the data for this quantitative study, where the heuristic model for the relationship was subjected to a string of tests using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique. Findings: Discovery revealed that social media has a favourable impact on the behavioural formation of digital natives, whereby digital natives’ nature moderates the structural relationship between social media and behavioural formation. Original/Value: The study novelty appears on the side of Technological Determinism Theory postulated on social media as extremely popular among Nigerian digital natives and is one of the key contributors to the deterioration of digital natives’ behavioural formation in terms of morality, secretive information accessing, online insecurity, as well as the propagation of rumor and propaganda. Practical implications: Because of the established dialectical connection between society and technology, widespread social media literacy is now possible, even among the humblest of households.

Custom machine learning algorithm for large-scale disease screening - taking heart disease data as an example

Heart disease accounts for millions of deaths worldwide annually, representing a major public health concern. Large-scale heart disease screening can yield significant benefits both in terms of lives saved and economic costs. In this study, we introduce a novel algorithm that trains a patient-specific machine learning model, aligning with the real-world demands of extensive disease screening. Customization is achieved by concentrating on three key aspects: data processing, neural network architecture, and loss function formulation. Our approach integrates individual patient data to bolster model accuracy, ensuring dependable disease detection.We assessed our models using two prominent heart disease datasets: the Cleveland dataset and the UC Irvine (UCI) combination dataset. Our models showcased notable results, achieving accuracy and recall rates beyond 95 % for the Cleveland dataset and surpassing 97 % accuracy for the UCI dataset. Moreover, in terms of medical ethics and operability, our approach outperformed traditional, general-purpose machine learning algorithms. Our algorithm provides a powerful tool for large-scale disease screening and has the potential to save lives and reduce the economic burden of heart disease.

DEI, OER, Information Literacy and Library Ethical Imperatives

Discusses ethical imperatives that emerge for libraries involving diversity, equity, inclusion (DEI), open educational resources (OER), and information literacy. Provides some historical context regarding the so-called "Open Movement" and explains how it relates to academic libraries, especially in terms of ethics. How DEI, OER, and information literacy interrelate, and when combined create an ethical imperative, is illustrated.

Systematic heterogenization revisited: Increasing variation in animal experiments to improve reproducibility?

Life sciences are currently facing a reproducibility crisis. Originally, the crisis was born out of single alarming failures to reproduce findings at different times and locations. Nowadays, systematic studies indicate that the prevalence of irreproducible research does in fact exceed 50%. Viewed from a rather cynical perspective, Fett’s law of the lab “Never replicate a successful experiment” has thus taken on a completely new meaning. In this respect, animal research has come under particular scrutiny, as the stakes are high in terms of both research ethics and societal impact. To counteract this, it is essential to identify sources of poor reproducibility as well as to iron out these failures. We here review the current debate, briefly discuss potential reasons, and summarize steps that have already been undertaken to improve reproducibility in animal research. By the example of classical behavioural phenotyping studies, we particularly highlight the role strict standardization plays in exacerbating the crisis, and review the concept of systematic heterogenization as an alternative strategy to deal with variation in animal studies. Briefly, we argue that systematic variation rather than strict homogenization of experimental conditions benefits the robustness of research findings, and hence their reproducibility. To this end, we will present concrete examples for systematically heterogenized experiments and provide a practical guide on how to apply systematic heterogenization in experimental practice.

Crime and the metaphysical animal

ABSTRACT This essay considers how we talk in moral terms about crime and punishment using a framework that comes from psychoanalysis. The idea of the human as a metaphysical animal, an animal that thinks and loves, is given a naturalistic explanation in Freudian metapsychology as it was developed by Melanie Klein and Hans Loewald. While the former helps us understand the desire to punish as the enjoyable return of pain for pain, the latter indicates how mature human beings seek to pursue a sense of wholeness. This understanding of moral psychology is applied to thinking about criminal justice where three ethical stances are identified, the vindictive, the vindicative and the validatory. The vindictive and the vindicative represent a compromise formation in law which excludes a broader validatory process aimed at truthful human reconciliation.

Urban Renewals: Learning from a Country’s Recent Experience for Enhancing Socially-Sustainable Global Planning Policy

Against the background of urban redevelopment programs through the lens of varied, country-related planning cultures, this article sets the stage for learning from one country’s recent experience. In this article, we focus on two Israeli urban regeneration programs operating since 2000: the ‘Integrated National Planning Scheme’ (TAMA 38) and ‘Evacuate and Build’ (Pinuy Binuy) programs. This article aims to examine the governmental agenda behind these programs in comparison to previous urban regeneration programs and, especially, to critically review the implementation and implication of these programs considering social sustainability issues. Methodologically, the policies and practices of this recent wave of urban renewals in Israel are revisited through a critical reading of a series of studies from the last five years, bringing together multidimensional societal aspects. In terms of ethics and qualitative dimensions, the examined societal aspects are rooted in social sustainability theory and contemporary urban policy design. Our findings regarding this country-related recent experience in urban renewals have identified several gaps concerning certain aspects of social sustainability theory and practice. These gaps call for a better understanding by Israel’s urban policy makers of the comprehensive essence of contemporary social sustainability theory, which should also be mirrored in the respective professional discourse. The gaps are also useful in informing our accumulating transnational knowledge and experience in urban renewal schemes, based on a chain of country-related experiences and planning cultures.

The revenge of Moral Twin Earth

ABSTRACT In this paper I revisit an important response to the Moral Twin Earth (MTE) challenge: The Common Functional Role strategy (CFR). I argue that CFR is open to a revenge problem. MTE-cases allegedly show that two linguistic communities can be in genuine disagreement even when they are regulated by distinct families of properties. CFR provides a way to reconcile the intuition that the two communities are in genuine disagreement with the claim that the use of moral terms by both communities is causally regulated by different families of properties. This is done by identifying a functional role that those families of properties both fulfill. Still, even if CFR is successful, its proponents need to face a serious revenge problem. Roughly, it could be that the families of properties that regulate each community are equally perfect realizers of the relevant higher-order functional state. I suggest that the proponent of CFR faces a dilemma: either CFR has controversial implications about first-order moral theory, or CFR needs to be coupled with substantive and parochial empirical/metaphysical assumptions to avoid those implications.

The Key Debates of Musical Exoticism and Orientalism in Historical Musicology

Edward W. Said’s book, Orientalism, covers direct and indirect relations between the West and the Orient, the European world and the Asian world, in terms of politics, geography, ethnic traditions, morals, and cultures through past centuries. These vibrant crosscurrents have had a significant influence on the spread of humanism in civilization, and most importantly, have emboldened introspection in almost every academic discipline, encouraging racial equality within the development of modernity. Derived from Said’s theory of Orientalism, this paper reviews the key academic debates of musical exoticism and Orientalism within the last thirty years. Sindhumathi Revuluri’s musical reflection on Orientalism, Ralph P. Locke’s analytical methodology, and a case study of Giacomo Puccini’s opera Madame Butterfly by Ping-hui Liao, Dorinne K.Kondo, and Mari Yoshihara from each of their respective and diverse focuses, all extend the theory of Orientalism into the domain of historical musicology.

Analisis Makna Kesulitan dan Kemudahan Surat Al-Syarh “Kajian Semiotika Al-Qur’an”

Humans are equipped with reason so that they can analyze all the miracles of the Qur'an, then activate this mind optimally by analyzing several theories in order to achieve a goal and its intended meaning. Every individual certainly has various obstacles and obstacles in wading through life, not apart from the ease and difficulty. Sometimes not all conveniences go easily and forever, as well as difficulties. Then the question arises whether in every difficulty there will be ease? And if you want to get convenience, do you have to go through difficulties first? and is it certain that every difficulty will be rewarded with ease in this world or in the here after? Some of these questions become separate problems that require definite and accurate answers. Among the approaches in studying the meaning of the Qur'an related to the problem mentioned above is semiotics which is a study in terms of literature or language, which has developed since the time of ancient Greece. Language is a very important object in life, which is a tool for communication and transactions. Therefore, this article tries to analyze the relationship of meaning with difficulty and ease through a language or semiotic approach. This approach was chosen as a means of exploring broader and deeper meanings related to the meanings of difficulty and ease. For data collection the authors use library research techniques (library research). Published written data are in the form of books, journals, articles and books of classical and contemporary interpretations that are relevant in this study. The discussion of writing is carried out using an analytic descriptive method to explain the meaning and interpretation of the verses of the Qur'an broadly and explain a new meaning about the relationship of the meaning of difficulty and ease of Surah al-Insyirah. And in conclusion this verse contains a lesson in terms of morality where we are told to be patient, optimistic and always put our trust in Allah. The meaning of difficulty and ease can change according to the word that goes with it.