Moral Management Research Articles

The Mindset of the Moral Manager: The Causes and Consequences of a Moral Mindset in Organizations

Ethical and unethical behavior among employees can have dramatic consequences for organizations. Hence, organizations often strive to improve employees’ moral awareness and ethical decision-making....

The Index System Establishment and Demonstration of Management Performance Evaluation in College Moral Education

In the long period, our college moral education is lay particular stress on evaluation and utilitarianism. The lacking quantitative analysis leads the bad effectiveness. Build the performance evaluation index that combine with scientific qualitative and quantitative is very important. This article is under the research and design out the index system frame of performance evaluation. Moreover, it gets good effectiveness on the moral education management. At the same time, this article provides some strategies that aiming at the operation problems..

Responsibly Managing Uncertainties In Clinical Ethics

It is well-recognized that uncertainty is an endemic feature and limitation of clinical judgment and practice that cannot be eliminated in many cases. Among the tasks of clinical ethics is the responsible management of uncertainties, first articulated in E. Haavi Morreim's very nice concept of the "moral management of medical uncertainty." The papers in the 2012 Clinical Ethics issue of the Journal provide philosophically innovative and clinically applicable accounts of the varieties of uncertainty in clinical medicine and therefore in clinical ethics: epistemic uncertainty, metaphysical uncertainty, and relational uncertainty.

Ethical Leadership

Ethical Leadership

A Study for the Social Responsibility of Public Enterprises - Focused on the Effect of Moral Management Practice -

A Study for the Social Responsibility of Public Enterprises - Focused on the Effect of Moral Management Practice -

The Economics and Politics of Corporate Social Performance

Firms operate in a capital market, a product market, and a market for social pressure directed at them by social activists, NGOs, and governments. An equilibrium in these three markets yields a three-equation structural model that relates corporate financial performance (CFP), corporate social performance (CSP), and social pressure. This paper estimates the simultaneous equation model for a panel of over 1,600 firms and finds that CFP is uncorrelated with CSP and negatively correlated with social pressure. CSP is decreasing in CFP and increasing in social pressure. Social pressure is increasing in CSP and decreasing in CFP, which is consistent with social pressure being directed to soft targets. Disaggregating the panel indicates that CFP is positively correlated with CSP for firms in consumer markets and negatively correlated for industrial markets. For consumer markets, CSP is increasing in CFP, which is consistent with a perquisites hypothesis that managers spend on CSR when they can afford it. For industrial markets CSP is decreasing in CFP, which is consistent with a moral management hypothesis. For both consumer and industrial markets, CSP is responsive to social pressure.

Moral Hazard and Asset Management Contracts (in Russian)

Liquidity injections for the markets allow asset management companies to show positive dynamics for their clients-investors. However, inability of some companies to estimate adequately a market situation, to hedge risks, lacks of internal control and risk management systems lead to rather adverse consequences for clients caused by high level of moral hazard, put in asset management contracts.

The Sound of Silence – A Space for Morality? The Role of Solitude for Ethical Decision Making

Building on research and measures on solitude, ethical leadership theories, and decision making literatures, we propose a conceptual model to better understand processes enabling ethical leadership neglected in the literature. The role of solitude as antecedent is explored in this model, whereby its selective utilization focuses inner directionality toward growing authentic executive awareness as a moral person and a moral manager and allows an integration between inner and outer directionality toward ethical leadership and resulting decision-making processes that will have an impact on others’ perceptions of leader authentic ethical leadership. Thus it is proposed that utilization of solitude positively predicts executive-level authentic ethical leadership action and in turn, ethical decision making perceived fairness and integrity. We also propose two moderators, strengthening the hypothesized (positive) association between solitude and ethical leadership; these are the executive’s ability for moral reasoning and a motivation for socialized (as opposed to personalized) power.

The Roots of the Recovery Movement in Psychiatry: Lessons Learned

Foreword Acknowledgements 1 Introduction 1.1 What is the recovery movement in psychiatry? 1.2 Rationale for the book 1.3 From traitement moral to moral treatment 1.4 Reciprocity in community-based care 1.5 The everyday and interpersonal context of recovery 1.6 Closing the hospital 1.7 The rights and responsibilities of citizenship 1.8 Agency as a basis for transformation 1.9 Why these figures and not others? 1.10 Conclusion 2 From Traitement Moral to Moral Treatment 2.1 The birth of psychiatry as a medical speciality 2.2 Philippe Pinel and Jean-Baptise Pussin 2.3 Traitement moral 2.4 Pinel's psychological interventions 2.5 The Retreat at York 2.6 Moral treatment or moral management? 2.7 From treatment to education 2.8 Re-shaping character 2.9 The demise of moral treatment 2.10 Summary of lessons learned 3 Reciprocity in Community-based Care 3.1 The advocacy of dorothea dix 3.2 The legacy of dorothea dix 3.3 Jane Addams' community alternative 3.4 A series of unfortunate, but influential, events 3.5 The founding of the first american 'settlement' 3.6 Forty years at hull-house 3.7 Distilling the active ingredients 3.8 Interventions with individuals 3.9 Interventions with collectives 3.10 Applications to mental health 3.11 Summary of lessons learned 4 The Everyday and Interpersonal Context of Recovery 4.1 The birth of psychiatry as a community-based practice 4.2 Beyond the illness paradigm (by John Strauss, part 1) 4.3 Growing up inside meyer's 'common sense' psychiatry (by John Strauss, part 2) 4.4 Subjectivity and the person (by John Strauss, part 3) 4.5 Blending science and art in a human science (by John Strauss, part 4) 4.6 From a psychiatry based in death to a psychiatry based in life 4.7 Problems in everyday living and their resolution 4.8 Opportunity and occupation 4.9 The interpersonal context of recovery 4.10 Summary of lessons learned 5 Closing the Hospital 5.1 The failure of the asylum 5.2 Erving Goffman and the presentation of self 5.3 The hospital as 'total institution' 5.4 Franco Basaglia and the Italian mental health reform movement 5.5 De-institutionalization the Italian way 5.6 Bracketing the illness 5.7 'Freedom is therapeutic' 5.8 Avoiding the re-creation of the asylum in the community 5.9 Social inclusion 5.10 Summary of lessons learned 6 The Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship 6.1 Recovery as a civil rights movement 6.2 The incomplete world of Martin Luther King, Jnr 6.3 Can rights be given? 6.4 Recovery delayed is recovery denied 6.5 Colour blindness and capitalism 6.6 The complete subject of Gilles Deleuze 6.7 Oedipus and anti-oedipus 6.8 Schizophrenic speech and Watergate 6.9 Community inclusion vs community integration 6.10 Summary of lessons learned 7 Agency as the Basis for Transformation 7.1 The need for a new conceptual framework 7.2 Beyond de-institutionalization and community tenure 7.3 Rights and recovery 7.4 The capabilities approach of Amartya Sen 7.5 Applying a capabilities approach to the work of transformation 7.6 Human agency and mediation: the work of Lev Vygotsky 7.7 Action theory, the zone of proximal development and scaffolding 7.8 Applying activity analysis: the case of fossilized behaviour 7.9 Applying activity analysis: using the zone of proximal development 7.10 Summary of lessons learned 8 Conclusion References Index

The challenge of business ethics - management and the question of ethics

Past several decades management has become a vital concern to society. If we look at pools, we notice that the public does not have good opinion abouth management ethics and business. For the management community to turn this situation around, significant efforts are required. It should be understood what management ethics means, why it is important and how it should be integrated into decision making. Principles of ethics from moral philosophy and management theory are available to inform interested managers. Next challenge is to avoid immoral management, transitioning from an amoral to a moral management mode of leadership, behavior, decision making policies and practices. Moral management stands on ethical leadership. It requires that managers search out those vulnerable situations in which in which amorality may reign if careful, thoughtful reflection is not given by management. Further requires that managers understand, and be sensitive to, all the stakeholders of the organization and their stakes. If the moral management model is to be achieved, managers need to integrate ethical wisdom with their managerial wisdom and to take steps to create and sustain an ethical climate in their organizations. When all that will be done, the desirable goals of moral management will be achievable.

Neuroscience Research and Ethical Leadership

The article examines to what extent research from social cognitive neuroscience can inform ethical leadership. We evaluate the contribution of brain research to the understanding of ethical leaders as moral persons as well the understanding of their role as moral managers. The areas of social cognitive neuroscience that mirror these two aspects of ethical leadership comprise research relating to understanding oneself, understanding others, and mediating processes between the self and others. Within these, we deem it relevant for ethical leadership to incorporate research findings about self-reflection, self-regulation, empathy, theory of mind, and trust. The article highlights social cognitive neuroscience research in these areas and discusses its actual and potential contributions to ethical leadership. In particular, we reassess the explanatory and predictive power of extant leadership theories, reconsider their theoretical and managerial implications, and suggest new avenues for future research in the field of leadership ethics that are informed by insights from neuroscience.

Applying Corporate Citizenship Theory to the Operation of Affirmative Businesses

AbstractTo address the need for more employment opportunities for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), many vocational rehabilitation agencies have established social ventures called affirmative businesses. Unlike most traditional vocational rehabilitation programs, affirmative businesses compete directly with for‐profit businesses producing similar goods or services. Given that nonprofit agencies operating these businesses are supported by taxpayer dollars and private donations, there is increased scrutiny and expectations for legal and ethical behavior and practices. An earlier study of 15 affirmative businesses identified themes and management strategies that contributed to business viability or failure. A reexamination of the findings through the lens of corporate citizenship theory (being economically responsible, abiding by the law, engaging in ethical and moral management, and ensuring the philanthropy of businesses) found that affirmative businesses adhering to the theory's components succeeded, while those that did not failed. The two case studies presented here demonstrate that knowledge transfer of the theory's components from the for‐profit business sector to the nonprofit sector is possible and suggest this innovative business approach as a framework to attain sustainable viability within affirmative businesses. The viability of these ventures is especially important for those who live in areas where few competitive employment jobs are available or for those with the most severe ID who require higher levels of job support and job stability. Through an in‐depth examination of the theory's components, we suggest options for improving the likelihood that affirmative businesses will achieve viability and provide community‐based employment for individuals with ID.

A Study on Sustainability Management Strategies in Global Era-Forcused on Creativity, Innovation, Moral, Green and CQ Management-

A Study on Sustainability Management Strategies in Global Era-Forcused on Creativity, Innovation, Moral, Green and CQ Management-

Business education, aesthetics and the rule of law: cultivating the moral manager

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to examine the usefulness to business education of aesthetics, literature and the ancient ideal of the rule of law in an increasingly complex global environment. Recent financial scandals have exposed a range of vulnerabilities in the management decision‐making process and, increasingly, big business is searching for ethical answers. It is suggested that there is a need to develop the necessary critical, analytical and empathic qualities of, in particular, the business student in order that future global corporate leaders might also be moral managers.Design/methodology/approachThe abstract yet foundational concept of the rule of law is reworked in order to widen its application to business activities and ensure greater accountability. It is argued that the intellectual sensibilities need to be stimulated beyond the traditional business studies format, looking to various examples from the liberal arts. The paper proposes greater attention to, for example, the classics, as the lessons we can learn from fiction are highly pertinent to modern leadership and corporate conduct in general.FindingsThere is a relatively new literary genre of business books which is inspired by classic and popular works of literature, for example Power Plays: Shakespeare's Lessons in Leadership; however, such books are yet to appear regularly on business school recommended reading lists.Social implicationsThere are compelling reasons for a radical change in management style, one being that the single‐minded pursuit of profit has recently produced an unprecedented global economic crisis. The paper proposes that, by placing a greater emphasis on developing the intellectual and empathic sensibilities, future managers may be able to adopt a more conscionable approach to environmental and wider societal concerns.Originality/valueAgainst the backdrop of an alarmingly amoral and inept set of global management practices, the paper urges a radical return to a classical or liberal arts education for the business student. A re‐imaging of the traditional rule of law also provides the basis for deciding the right course of action; tailored to meet the specific needs of the modern business community.

The inoperative community of Romantic psychiatry

This paper reads Mary Shelley’s Matilda within the context of the rise of psychiatry, or what was termed “moral management,” in England in the Romantic period. The paper traces some of historical and social parameters of this Romantic psychiatry in terms of the desire for community and communal well‐being. On one hand, this desire reflects early psychiatry’s democratic and empathic spirit. On the other, it reflects a way of foisting well‐being upon populations in order better to manage their unwieldy psychological life. Romantic literature stages these two poles as a psychiatric consciousness whose two halves are at once in conflict with and uncannily related to one another. The paper briefly examines Wordsworth’s The Ruined Cottage as an early case history of how this divided consciousness plays itself out in the 1790s, commensurate with the first emergence of psychiatry. It then ends with a reading of Shelley’s novella as a response to the kind of social efficiencies psychiatry had come to represent by the time of the Regency. In the figure of Matilda Shelley writes a character who is aware of the demands for transparent happiness necessary to form well‐developed and self‐fulfilled citizens required to run the Empire. By remaining resistant to such cures, Matilda’s “depression” thus refuses to fit itself back into society, an alternate state of (not) belonging that the paper reads in terms of Jean‐Luc Nancy’s idea of “community.”

Sandwell Homes reduces employee absence by 30 percent

PurposeThis paper aims to demonstrate how Sandwell Homes, UK, significantly reduced sickness absence through an absence‐management scheme which, launched in parallel with a series of “wellness days”, helped to improve the management of staff health, productivity, morale and customer service.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on the experience of Sandwell Homes' implementation of a sickness absence‐management program, driven by the partnership between the Human Resources department, Sandwell Homes employees and Active Health Partners (AHP).FindingsThe paper describes how Sandwell Homes had been committed to tackling absenteeism and had shaved four days off its average absence level, but the figure then stagnated, despite continued efforts. The high levels of absence were harming the organization's performance and delivery of service. Sandwell Homes then selected an absence‐management service led by nurses to provide effective, timely medical advice, as well as encouraging staff to take responsibility for their health.Practical implicationsThe paper shows how taking an active approach to staff absence and wellbeing, and aligning reporting systems to identify and implement good practice, can have a positive impact on staff morale, productivity and profitability. Sandwell Homes calculates that for every £1 spent on the absence‐management interventions, it has got £3.80 back in terms of value to the business.Originality/valueThe paper highlights a significant reduction in average absence figures per employee, cost savings for the company as well as improved employee availability and productivity.

Moral Management Methodology/Mythology: Erroneous Ethical Equations

Understanding the falsity of certain common beliefs helps students move toward better business ethics and a higher degree of moral management. This article explains one method for teaching moral management, by using ethical equation inequalities, and offers 10 implications and suggestions to managers.

Folie à plusieurs: forensic cases from nineteenth-century Ireland

Folie a plusieurs is a syndrome in which two or more individuals share symptoms (e.g., delusions). This paper uses archival material to present and discuss forensic psychiatric cases of folie a plusieurs from nineteenth-century Ireland. The cases of three brothers who all 'became insane at the same time' and killed another brother illustrate: the role of organic factors in folie a plusieurs; the use of 'moral management' strategies; and the problem of tuberculosis in asylums. The case of one woman whose family 'all became insane at once' and killed one of her sons illustrates: the importance of identifying the 'primary' patient; the difficulties experienced by 'secondary' cases; and the limited therapeutic progress achieved in nineteenth-century asylums. While further historical study is required to explain the emergence of the concept of folie a plusieurs in the late nineteenth century, it is clear that, over one hundred years since the term came to prominence, 'communicated insanity' still presents substantive diagnostic, clinical and ethical challenges to mental health and judicial services.

A Positive Theory of Moral Management, Social Pressure, and Corporate Social Performance

This paper provides a theory of firm behavior motivated by moral duty, self‐interest, and social pressure. A morally managed and a self‐interested firm compete in a market in which their corporate social performance (CSP) provides product differentiation. Some citizens have altruistic or warm glow preferences for products with associated CSP, personal giving to social causes, holding shares in firms providing CSP, and contributing to social pressure to increase CSP. Social pressure is delivered by an activist NGO funded by voluntary contributions by citizens. The model characterizes an equilibrium in the product market, the capital market, and the market for social pressure. The equilibrium establishes a price for CSP and for activist‐induced social pressure. The theory provides predictions of the market values of firms, the prices of products, firm profits, target selection, contributions to the activist, and the amount of CSP supplied. For example, if citizens do not distinguish between morally motivated CSP and CSP induced by social pressure, the activist is more likely to target the softer, morally motivated firm. Higher quality activists are better funded, target self‐interested firms, and obtain greater corporate social performance. Lower quality activists target morally managed firms.

Towards an integrated model of leadership and self regulation

Most organizations strive to recruit employees who can accommodate unpredictable changes, demonstrate adaptability, and interact effectively with a diversity of individuals. Nevertheless, recent advances in self regulation imply that leaders can instead cultivate such qualities in employees rather than merely attract individuals with these capacities. This paper delineates some of the leadership characteristics and behaviors that could diminish the fragility of employees to foster these qualities. First, a framework is developed that integrates four theories of self regulation—self discrepancy theory, personality systems interaction theory, optimal self esteem, and self salience. Second, this framework is applied to demonstrate how fragility undermines adaptive performance. Finally, this framework is used to show how many leadership constructs, such as self sacrificing, moral management, and transformational behavior, can curb this fragility and thus improve adaptive performance.