Moral Improvement Research Articles

SUCCESSION OF ABAI AND AKHMET BAITURSYNOV

The article deals with the problem of continuity in the works of Abai and Akhmet Baitursynov. They were united by the depth of thought and knowledge, the idea of ​​caring for their people and the moral improvement of their contemporaries. Akhmet Baitursynov is the first Abai scholar whose article with deep meaning about Abai was published in 1913. Akhmet Baitursynov was the first to recognize Abai as the main, the first Kazakh poet. According to him, Abai is a poet who raised the dignity of Kazakh verse, giving him an honorable place in the world of poetry. Abai's poems contained depth of thought, criticality, and knowledge. Abai is a poet-innovator who perfected the form of Kazakh verse. And as Akhmet Baitursynov wrote, Abai is a poet-thinker who has learned the essence of everything he wrote about. Akhmet Baitursynov, who so deeply knew and highly appreciated Abai, himself rose to the level of Abai the mentor, Abai the thinker, like Abai of his time, and he himself became a moral teacher of his nation, an extraordinary personality of the Kazaks. This is one of the moments of the relationship between Akhmet Baitursynov and Abai. The relationship between Akhmet Baitursynov and Abai is reflected in the content of their works, the unity and commonality of thoughts and ideas. First of all, both poets sharply exposed and criticized negative, unhealthy human qualities in their poems. They wrote and promoted the noble, virtuous qualities of a person. The goal of both poets is to awaken and enlighten the consciousness of the people, writing morality in their poems and fables. Space and time, the existing socio-political system and the prevailing environment combined the creative searches of the two poets. The poems "Segiz ayak", "Zhigan-tergen" are the pinnacle of the unity of spirituality and purpose, the artistic denouement of the two poets. The article gives such judgments about the continuity of the two poets.

ABAI'S EXISTENTIALISM

The Article is devoted to the study of the existential views of the great Kazakh thinker Abai Kunanbayev. The relevance of one of the most complex problems in philosophical anthropology is dictated not only by the internal needs of the development of modern philosophy, but also by the realities of today. A modern person who is lost in search of an answer to the question of the meaning of life needs not arch-complex abstractions, but a philosophical analysis of the practical problems facing him in everyday life. In this context, the appeal to the priceless moral and philosophical heritage of famous thinkers of the Kazakh people, including Abai Kunanbayev, is of great theoretical and practical importance. Abai understood the meaning of human life as the desire to conform to his highest destiny – the proud name of man as a rational being. He notes that this means a person's constant work on his moral and spiritual improvement. Only this way, indirectly, with the help of self-knowledge, a person can influence the logic of being. His life, according to Abai, is constructed by man himself and no one, except himself, is able to give his life and death a genuine meaning. Кeywords: man, life, meaning of life, existence, morality, death. * This research is funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AP08856067)

How a Kantian ideal can be practical

ABSTRACT In the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant states that ideas give us the rule for organising experience and ideals serve as archetypes or standards against which one can measure copies. Further, he states that ideas and ideals can be practical. Understanding how precisely these concepts should function presents a challenging and understudied philosophical puzzle. I offer a reconstruction of how ideas and ideals might be practical in order to uphold, to my mind, a conceptually worthy distinction. A practical idea, I argue, is best understood as a reference to the categorical imperative (and its various formulations), which guides conduct directly as a rule. A practical ideal, by contrast, I think is a substrate that serves two functions: one that (a) helps us gauge moral deficiencies and another that (b) reveals the potential for moral improvement. In response to well-grounded sceptical concerns, I argue that ideals are indirectly practical in that they ground the possibility to recognise moral states of affairs and be moral in the first place.

Morisprudence: a theoretical framework for studying the relationship linking moral case deliberation, organisational learning and quality improvement

There is a claim that clinical ethics support services (CESS) improve healthcare quality within healthcare organisations. However, there is lack of strong evidence supporting this claim. Rather, the current focus...

Środki poprawczo-wychowawcze stosowane wobec małoletnich więźniów w Królestwie Polskim (do 1867 r.)

Introduction: During the autonomous period of the Kingdom of Poland, seven-year-old children were already under criminal responsibility. Tragic consequence of juvenile delinquency was imprisonment, during which minors served the sentence with demoralized adult prisoners. Corrective and educational measures were to counteract this phenomenon. Research Aim: The aim of the article is to present corrective and educational measures in the light of legal solutions for juvenile prisoners in the autonomous period of the Kingdom of Poland. Institutional sources in the form of penal code, regulations of the Administrative Council, regulations of the Government Commission for Internal and Clergy Affairs and prison regulations relating to juvenile offenders and juvenile prisoners were analyzed. Evidence-based Facts: In the history of rehabilitation pedagogy, there is no synthetic study on teaching minors in prisons during the autonomous period of the Kingdom of Poland. The few research results focusing on the state of prison education at that time, only marginally refer to the education of children in prisons. These issues were dealt with by both nineteenth-century social activists and researchers in the interwar period. In the post-war period, we can also find it incidentally in monographs devoted to the rehabilitation of minors. Summary: Despite the fact that the main goal of the partition policy towards children was Russification, the efforts made in prisons, thanks to the social commitment of penitentiaries, contributed to their moral improvement.

Faster, Higher, More Moral: Human Enhancement and Christianity

The three authors of this article explore the intersection of moral enhancement, ethics, and Christianity. Trothen reviews the meaning and potential of moral enhancements, considering some of the risks and limitations. Trothen identifies three broad ethical questions, which all three authors agree upon, that arise from a Christian theological perspective: what it means to be human, choice, and social justice. Trothen concludes that respect for human dignity and social justice requires rejecting a reductive view of moral improvement as purely biochemical. Buttrey then argues that biomedical moral enhancement (BME) is simply one in a series of attempts to morally improve human beings and can be compared to other efforts such as neo-Aristotelian virtue ethics. He argues that BME cannot be simultaneously more reliable than moral education in virtue and no more restrictive of human freedom. He concludes by suggesting that tensions between BME and Thomistic virtue are even stronger due to Christian conceptions of martyrdom and radical self-denial. Finally, McQueen argues that Christianity emphasizes the common good and social justice as essential for human flourishing. Building on the foundation established by Trothen and Buttrey, McQueen insists that accurate cognitive knowledge is needed to make good conscience decisions, but emphasizes that right human action also requires the exercise of the will, which can be undermined by AI, automation, and perhaps also BME. She concludes by encouraging further attention to the true nature of human agency, human freedom, and wisdom in debates over AI and biomedical enhancement. The authors conclude that BMEs, if they become medically safe, may be theologically justifiable and helpful as a supplement to moral improvement.

Effect of Adding Aqueos Extract of Pomegranate (Punica Granatum) Peel and Moringa (Moringa Oleifer) Dried Leaves Powder to Drinking Water in Carcass Characteristics and Some Immunological and Microbial Traits of Broiler Chickens

Conducted this study in a field Poultry Birds, Animal Production Division -faculty of Agriculture-Karbala University, For the period 10/8/2020 until 30/11/2020, To find out Effect of adding aqueous extract of pomegranate peel powder and dried moringa leaves to drinking water in the Carcass traits and some immunological and microbial traits for broiler meat. used in this experiment210 broiler chicks of the breedRoss308 is not naturalize done day old, the chicks were fed on a starter ration for 1-14 days from the age of the bird and a rationa second15 -28nodding and a bush Final for 29-42 days, and a starting weight 40g/chick, and distributed birds distribution randomly on seven tretments Each transaction contained 30bird With three replications Each repeat contained 10 birds. If it includes two parameters: the first transaction T1 control treatment without any addition, second treatment T2 addition of aqueous extract to Pomegranate peels, at a concentration of 25 ml / liter, Third transaction T3 Addition of aqueous extract to Pomegranate peels, at a concentration of 37.5 ml / liter, fourth treatment T4 Addition of aqueous extract to Pomegranate peels, at a concentration of 50 ml / liter, the fifth treatment T5 Adding aqueous extract of moringa leaf powder at a concentration of 50 ml/L, sixth treatment T6 adding aqueous extract of moringa leaf powder at a concentration of 75 ml/L of water, seventh treatment T7 adding aqueous extract of moringa leaf powder at a concentration of 100 ml/L. Results are shown moral improvement (p≤0.05) in the characteristics of the carcass with a decrease in the logarithmic numbers in for bacteria E. colli, high morale in logarithmic numbers for bacteria Lactobacillus in the contents of the jejunum and the ileum Having a moral high (<0.05) in the volumetric standard of antibodies against Newcastle disease and in the relative weight of the Fabricia gland, the thymus gland, the spleen and the Fabricia index compared to the control treatment Tretments are recorded T4T6 the best results in all the studied traits.

Effect of Adding Aqueos Extract of Pomegranate (Punica Granatum) Peel and Moringa (Moringa Oleifera) Dried Leaves Powder and their Mixture to Drinking Water in Carcass Characteristics and Some Immunological Tarits of Broiler Chickens

Conducted this study in a field Poultry Birds, Animal Production Division-faculty of Agriculture-Karbala University for the period 3/27/2021 until 9/5/2021. To find out Effect of adding aqueous extract to pomegranate peel powder and leaves dried moringa and their combination in drinking water in characteristics of the carcass Some of the immunological characteristics for broiler used in this experiment180 broiler chicks of the breedRoss308 is not naturalized One day old The chicks were fed on a starter ration for 1-14 days from the age of the bird and a rationa second 15 -28 nodding and a bush Final for 29-42 days and a starting weight 41grumble/chick, and distributed bird distribution randomly on seven transactions Each transaction contained 30bird With three replications Each repeat contained 10 birdsIf the experimental parameters include the following: the first transactionT1 control treatment without any addition, second treatment T2 addition of aqueous extract to Pomegranate peels at a concentration of 50 ml / liter of water, the third treatmentT3 Addition of aqueous extract of moringa leaf powder at a concentration of 75 ml / liter of water, Fourth treatmentT4 add 75% aqueous extract of pomegranate peel powder Ml/liter with aqueous extract for powder Moringa leaves 25% ml/liter, Fifth treatment T5 Adding the aqueous extract of pomegranate peel powder at a concentration of 50% at a concentration (25 ml/L) with the aqueous extract of dried moringa leaf powder at a concentration of 50% at a concentration/L., Sixth treatment T6 add 25% aqueous extract of pomegranate peel powder With 75% aqueous extract of Moringa leaf powder. Results are shown moral improvement (p≤0.05) in carcass traits with morale high in the standard volumetric For antibodies directed against Newcastle disease and in the relative weight of the Fabricia gland, Thames, spleen and the Fabricia index. Compared to the control treatment Transactions are recorded T2T5 The best results in all the studied traits.

Moderasi Beragama

This study aims to determine the moderating value contained in Geguritan Dharma Sunyata. The data in this study were collected using document study techniques. Furthermore, it is analyzed with the stages of data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. From the results of data analysis, it was found that the value of religious moderation contained in Geguritan Dharma Sunyata was based on the teachings of Tat Twam Asi and Tri Kaya Parisudha. Tat Twam Asi's teachings are the basis of Hindu ethics in an effort to achieve moral improvement. Tat Twam Asi is a teaching that states the similarities between individuals so that it gives birth to the concept of compassion for all creatures in the world. Religious people should respect and appreciate each other even though they adhere to different religions.

ABAY’S PHILOSOPHY AND THE CULTURAL CODE OF THE KAZAKHS

The article discusses the philosophical heritage of Abay, in whose ethical teaching Kazakh philosophy reaches its most mature stage. It is noted that the thinker was able to embody in his creations the thoughts and aspirations of the Kazakhs, their concepts of being, morality and ethics. All the work of the Kazakh philosopher is full of deep reflections on a whole, universal, harmonious and moral person, and his main goal was to teach what to do and what not to do in order to become a Person, to acquaint people with the true essence of good and evil. Abay is one of those philosophers and poets who form a person’s soul, the soul of the Kazakh people, and therefore, their national identity,the formation of which proceeded in the conditions of nomadic lifestyle accompanied by interactions with other cultures. He tries to reveal a unique character of the Kazakhs’ world, i.e. their cultural code. Abay's philosophical views, permeated with the ideas of moral improvement, kindness, mercy, justice, and tolerance, perform as the basis of the Kazakh national worldview, which forms the Kazakhs’ cultural code.

Financial professionals and the formation of proprietarian ideology

Financial professionals and the formation of proprietarian ideology

The Agency of Music in Industrial Society: A Comparative Study of the Royal Manchester Institution, Manchester Athenaeum and Manchester Mechanics’ Institution, 1834-1860

Abstract Three institutions dedicated to education, rational recreation and moral improvement existed concurrently in early Victorian Manchester: the Royal Manchester Institution, the Manchester Mechanics’ Institution and the Manchester Athenaeum. Their archives reveal the prominent place of music within each institution’s programmes, in the form of lectures, classes and concerts, yet so far the significance of such music has been overlooked. Alarmed by civil unrest and radical activism, the industrial elite of Manchester – frequently described as the world’s first industrial city – hoped to shape the ‘lower orders’ to align with existing societal ideals. Music, through the institutions, was frequently employed as an agent of ideology and social control. But the intent behind the institutions’ musical programming did not always reflect how the music was used or received in practice. This article asks what the institutions aimed to achieve and how music acted in ways not always envisaged by the organizing committees. It critiques existing literature that views these institutions as primarily a means of social control, arguing that such an approach risks diminishing the experiences of those involved and obscuring more nuanced reasons for the promotion of and engagement with music. Exploring the activities and musical participation of protagonists within these institutions and in their wider lives affords new understanding of the agency of music in industrial society.

‘Pericles’, ‘Reynard the Foxe’, Sidney’s ‘Arcadia’, Florio’s ‘Montaigne’ and More in Northwestern MS 67

Abstract This paper offers an edition of 214 extracts contained in Northwestern MS 67, a manuscript completed no earlier than 1614, and a commentary on the compiler’s choices and practice. His identity is difficult to establish with any certainty but a lengthy letter in Latin by one Hugo Richardes to one William Yong dated 14 December 1583, and written at Basteldon (Basildon), is copied at the end of the commonplace book. The material ranges from playbooks (by Dekker, Marston and Shakespeare) to pastorals (Sidney’s ‘Arcadia’ and Tofte’s ‘Honours Academie’), through extracts from Plutarch’s ‘Lives’ in North’s translation. There are 28 translations of classical verse transcribed from Plutarch. Seven extracts from Montaigne’s ‘Essays’ in Florio’s translation also occur, but the most surprising source is probably Caxton’s 1550 ‘Reynard the Foxe’ which furnishes 50 quotations. In the beginning of the commonplace book, the compiler explains its purpose by using the well-known Senecan bee and honey trope: applying the extracts to discourse and life. All the extracts are adapted and kept in alphabetical order according to the first word of the extract. Most are proverbial in nature or copied to sound like sentences, and all point to an inspiration for moral and spiritual improvement. The extracts express humanistic concerns, like the power of eloquence and the treachery of public life, and Stoic principles such as constancy in the face of adversity. One central issue seems to be remaining virtuous in a sinful world.

THE CONCEPT OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE PERSONALITY IN THE POETRY OF ABAY KUNANBAYEV

The work examines some aspects of the moral and philosophical problems of the artistic work of Abay Kunanbayev, a classic of Kazakh literature.The poetic texts were selected taking into account the manifestation in them of the concepts of moral improvement inherent in Sufi poetry and the lyrics of the classics of the East: Nizami, Ferdowsi, Navoi. It has been established that the Kazakh poet follows the eastern tradition, but rethinks these concepts, as well as some images, in particular, the image of Iskander.Without rejecting the thesis about the immortality of the soul, Abay Kunanbayev relies more on the principles of sensory perception of the external world. Some materialism, rationalism in combination with belief in the divine origin of humanity manifested itself in the doctrine of the passions of the soul, the concept of humanity, and a number of didactic statements created by the poet. According to Abay, spirituality and constant reflection are a way of being and a condition for the development of mankind.

Генри Коттон и Индийский национальный конгресс (1885-1915)

The article examines the contribution of Henry Cotton, a colonial official and politician, to the formation and development of the national movement in India. In the first decades of the existence of the Indian National Congress, English and Anglo-Indian leaders, adherents of liberal views, played a large role in its activities. Henry John Stedman Cotton (1845-1915) was one of the most prominent British supporters of the Congress. The years of life in India, the experience of serving at the lower levels of the colonial administration led Cotton to an analysis of the relationship between the British Empire and its colonies. He argued that the most important task India faced was moral improvement, which required a “social revolution”. It did not consist of overthrowing British power but of involving of Indians to the administration. Result of the “social revolution” should be the creation of the “United States of India”. The driving force of the “social revolution” was “New India”, i. e. European-educated Indians. These ideas brought Cotton closer to the Indian National Congress. After his resignation in 1903, Cotton became a member of the British Committee of the Congress, in 1904 he became president of the session of the Congress. As president, Cotton spoke out against the impending partition of Bengal. Also, the struggle against the partition of Bengal is the main content of Cotton's parliamentary activities in 1906-1910. In the House of Commons Cotton headed an informal Indian Parliamentary Committee, defended Indian revolutionaries and voted for the 1909 Indian Councils Act. Henry Cotton was one of the last Anglo-Indian supporters of the Congress, who stood at the origins of the organization, supported it during its formative years, transferred their administrative and political experience to young Indian leaders. Like A.O. Hume and W. Wedderburn, Cotton saw the future of India in the development of self-government in close connection with the Britain. These views formed the basis of the ideology of the moderate wing of the Congress, which domination in the late 19th century and early 20th century constituted an important stage in the development of the national liberation movement in India.

From Campaigns to Improve the Moral Standards of Children’s Books to their Literary Consecration: The Emergence of an International Sub-Field

This article traces the genesis and development of a transnational, and later international, sub-field of children’s literature since 1945. In the post-war period, children’s literature was central to debates about the moral improvement and protection of young people. A number of individuals drew on the legitimacy of these moralizing discourses and joined forces to found three international cultural institutions: the International Youth Library in Munich (1949), the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY, 1951), and the Bologna Children’s Book Fair (1965). The objectives of these three institutions soon converged towards the promotion and development of children’s books. The article first examines these three institutions and the shared network of individuals behind them, before analysing changes in the international mechanisms for the recognition and promotion of children’s literature.

Procreative Thesaurus of Things in Human Editing Discourse

The situation of human editing in a variety of human activity forms requires a detailed analysis from the point of view of practical philosophy in solving the problem of the nature and the need for moral biological improvement. The latter bears the metaphorical name “human editing” and is focused in the field of philosophical problems of biology and medicine, which implicitly implies the relationship between the empirical and the theoretical. Paying attention to the procedural-phenomenological nature of this type of activity, the thought turns to the consideration of the features of transdisciplinarity experience, its foundations, ways of substantiating and validating the results obtained, taking into account primordial reflexive duality of a human, who is able to creatively combine the subjective and objective forms of mental activity, value and semantic meanings with material and objective representation in relations to oneself and external nature.Semiosis of material transformation of human activity fixes sign systems framed by extrema, in which autopoiesis and auto-correction of a person unfolds. The procreative significance of sign systems’ evolution is expressed in the phase transition from the creation of things by man to a critical juncture between the automated creation of things by things and the creation of man by man using artificial procreative technologies, including genome modification. Thepoesisof the transdisciplinary experience of human editing renews the modality of the included third, opening the loop of the fractal replication of binary oppositions by variations of personal moral choice. The ratio of human editing and community improving directly connects bioethics with politics through the normogenesis of law, with a significant time lag from the practice of technosphere formation – the time lag which explains the ontogenesis of intergenerational conflict through the categories of responsibility and direct contact of experience transmission recipients with the environment. The issue of human editing involves the collision between the existential fear of the loss of the human in a person with the heroism of a creative breakthrough in the triumph of the psychology of overcoming, making it possible to view the future of humanity from the standpoint of evolutionary optimism.

The main directions for ensuring the environmental component of the region’s economic security

In modern conditions the issue of ensuring the economic security of the region and the country as a whole is relevant, as the political, economic and socio-cultural development of the Russian Federation, its stability, independence and ability to constantly renew itself depend on it. The well-being and prosperity of the country and its subjects depend on the applied management tools and methods. In order to ensure the economic security of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to provide its constituent entities with the opportunity to manage labour, financial, natural, material and other resources at the regional level. The timely management of these resources will make it possible to form a set of economic, technical, legal and environmental measures that contribute to the development of the region. The article considers the last element, connected with providing the ecological component of the region’s economic security. Environmental security is one of the main components of economic security as it reflects the state of the environment and expenditures related to it, namely expenditures of air protection, wastewater collection and purification, land protection and reclamation, etc. One of the main priority directions of the sustainable development strategy of the country is rational use of natural resources and environmental protection, creation of a healthy environment for people, conditions for their cultural, moral and spiritual improvement. Ecologization of the economy should include the system of measures aimed to coordinate the actions of industrial and economic activity in the existing natural-resource conditions which will provide the economic security of the region. The article proposes the directions for providing the ecological component of the region’s economic security.

The pedagogical teaching of Immanuel Kant in the light of his philosophical anthropology

Introduction. The humanistic understanding of the goals and objectives of upbringing and education presupposes the expediency and fruitfulness of the fundamental idea of the comprehensive and harmonious development of human. The task of forming a personality comes to the fore here, and not just transferring a certain amount of knowledge and skills to a student. One of the founders of this approach in upbringing and education is Immanuel Kant (1724–1824), which makes the analysis of his philosophical and pedagogical views relevant. The object of study in the article is the critical philosophy he created in unity with other parts of his system, and the subject is his pedagogical legacy. The purpose of the work is to analyze the main provisions of the concept of upbringing and education of Kant in the light of the project of philosophical anthropology developed by him, to determine the relationship between his pedagogy and anthropology. Materials and methods. The general basis of the study was the method of philosophical and anthropological reconstruction and the method of content-semantic interpretation, through which the analysis of the pedagogy of the German thinker was carried out. The work also used the modeling method and the method of ascent from the abstract to the concrete. Research results. Kant created pedagogical doctrine on the basis of the doctrine of human, the essence of which lies in the reason. The philosopher saw the rationale for the need for upbringing and education in morality. The goal of the development of society is the moral improvement of mankind on the basis of the development of abilities given by nature in the individual. Schooling refers to physical upbringing and involves the development of bodily properties and mental abilities of individuals; it is aimed at acquiring knowledge, developing skills and acquiring skills. Education refers to practical upbringing; it is aimed at the development of morality and the spiritual world of the individual. The main goal of upbringing is the formation of a person as a rationally thinking and freely acting member of society. Therefore, upbringing, together with care and discipline, includes education and training. The task of school-mechanical education is the acquisition of skills useful for life, the task of pragmatic education is the achievement of rationality, the task of moral education is the formation of morality. Conclusion. Contained in the three “Critiques”, the ideal of “educational human”, as a comprehensive and harmonious moral personality, is based on his understanding as a rational, free and creative being. The programs of transcendental anthropology, moral anthropology and empirical anthropology developed by Kant were implemented by him in the conceptual models of “physiological human science” (the study of what nature makes of a person) and “pragmatic human science” (the study of what he, as a free being, makes of himself), which are steps on the way to building a holistic doctrine of human. But the philosophical anthropology of the Koenigsberg scientist is not a “concrete human science”, but rather his idea, a project where the doctrine of upbringing and education in individual development and in the course of social history serves as the basis for meaningful knowledge about a human as a representative of the genus Homo sapiens with reason.

ЗАГАЛЬНОЛЮДСЬКІ ЦІННОСТІ ЯК ВАЖЛИВИЙ ЧИННИК ГУМАНІЗАЦІЇ ОСВІТИ

The system of economic education needs a fundamentally new consideration in the context of a cultural approach, which involves awareness of its universal essence. This approach reveals its focus on the person (namely, the creation of prerequisites for spiritual enrichment, self-determination and self-realization of the individual), will outline the ways of moral improvement of the economic system.