Moral Imperative Research Articles

Transformation of legal ideology in the field of regulation of dual citizenship in the Russian Federation

The article analyzes the dynamics of the legal regulation of dual (multiple) citizenship of the Russian Federation, which reflects the legal ideology in the emerging geopolitical situation. Scientific concepts influence the law-making process and are reflected in legal acts on citizenship. Under certain conditions, law-making decisions, in particular, on the constitutionalization of the idea of the permissibility of dual citizenship, are based on the subjectivity of legislators. Dual citizenship is destructive for the foundations of the constitutional system of Russia, since its voluntary bearer loses the quality of loyalty to his state. It is necessary to cultivate moral imperatives that are stronger than legal principles and values. Loyalty of a citizen to his state (Russia) is the most important moral imperative that requires protection from the state. The next significant legal action in this direction should be the revision of Art. 62 of the Constitution of Russia — the exclusion from it of the norm on the voluntary right to have dual citizenship.

GEOGRAPHICAL IMPERATIVES – BASIC POSTULATES OF GEOGRAPHY

Problem Statement and Purpose. The emergence of the concept of imperatives is associated with the search for ways to solve the current and complex problem of interaction between society and the natural environment. At one time, I. Kant was engaged in solving this conflict, who developed a new concept – the imperative. Where the relationship of society with nature is not regulated, it is necessary to establish an ethical and moral norm of nature management, which he designated as a moral imperative, that is, as a “moral law”. A logical question arises about the practical significance of the moral imperative. At the end of the last century, an environmental imperative was established, which acquires the status of a moral law. The concept of geographical imperatives also has a similar methodological sequence of its formation. The purpose of our research is to develop a methodological scheme of geographical imperatives. Data&Methods. As a methodological basis, we used the developments described in the scientific works of Kant I., Bagrov M. V., Rudenko L. G., Chervanev I. G., Tunitsa Yu. Yu., and previous author’s developments. When conducting the study, the authors were guided by general scientific methods in geographical research, fundamental philosophical methods, in particular the principle of comprehensive consideration of the subject, the principle of unity of logical and historical. The authors used research in the field of synergetics, coevolution and the noosphere, which reveal a fundamentally new type of connection between nature and man in their interaction and provide for the use of a conscious rational strategy of interaction with the environment by humanity. Results. The development of geographical imperatives is one of the ways to overcome the barrier of differentiation between natural and social laws in the study of the integral shell of the Earth. The article presents a methodological scheme for thedevelopment of geographical imperatives, which consists of four significant blocks: a general scientific methodology for solving problems of interaction between society and nature using the category of moral imperatives; the second block concerns the subject area of Geographical Science, which indicates the use of moral imperatives for a holistic consideration of the Earth’s shell; the third block is devoted to practical needs – rational use of Natural Resources, which should be based on the concept of geographical imperatives, the conceptual and conceptual development of which is presented in the fourth block. The article presents an overview of geographical imperatives, which denote general concepts and categories that characterize the Earth’s shell as an integral socio-natural geosphere, including the geographical imperative of the integral landscape shell of the Earth, the geographical imperative of invaironment, the geographical imperative of the environment, the imperative of geospatial position, the Geospatial imperative, the imperative of geocomplexes, the geosystem imperative, the geographical imperative of geospatial planning, the geographical imperative of Geoinformation technologies and systems.

Binding and Queer Embodiments: Rethinking the Moral Imperative of Body Positivity

This paper explores existing feminist body positive frameworks and queer theories of embodiment while asking troubling questions about bodies between and outside of binary, cisgender frameworks. We consider how feminist psychotherapy offers some possibilities and occludes others when applied to the desire to redistribute or shrink chest tissue. Using psychoanalytic theory, we aim to uplift alternative (and, at times, uncomfortable) clinical considerations to better understand the relationship between our patients and their bodies. To guide feminist therapists, we propose a framework of mourning and materialization. Specifically, we suggest that therapists practice reflexivity and collaborate with their patients to determine what aspects of the ideal body to mourn and what aspects can be materialized through surgery or other forms of bodily change.

Этические основания осмысления борьбы с пандемией COVID-19: «Благоговение перед жизнью» Альберта Швейцера

Abstract. The article discusses various vectors of understanding the ethical idea of «reverence for life», proposed by the doctor, humanist, Nobel laureate Albert Schweitzer more than a hundred years ago, in the context of the current crisis situation associated with the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), which determines the relevance the topic under consideration. The novelty of the work lies in the proof of the relevance of one of the most significant concepts in the history of ethics to the modern moral conditions of the existence of mankind. The intention of the study is to emphasize the need for not only socio-economic, professional (medical), but also a deep ethical and philosophical understanding of the current situation caused by the pandemic. The article uses a historical and proper ethical approach, as well as a hypothetical-axiological method in the aspect of proving the value of one form of life over others. The main provisions of the ethical concept of Schweitzer are analyzed, and an attempt is made to give a reasoned response to its fair criticism due to the presence of an internal contradiction in the principle of reverence associated with the bifurcation of the will to live, when one life must inevitably suppress the other in order to preserve itself. Main results: the authors come to the conclusion that the moral imperative (according to which: ethics is an unlimited responsibility for everything that lives), proposed by Schweitzer, is one of the possible (and effective) imperatives that encourage society to moral reflection and more active activity to deal with the pandemic situation already in the post-Schweitzer era. During the period of missionary and professional practice in Gabon, Dr. Schweitzer himself comprehended his concept, commensurating it with the development of human civilization in the future. Directions for further research: a deep and comprehensive analysis of the moral imperatives proposed by ethical and philosophical thought in the 20th century is planned in terms of their effectiveness and relevance in the new conditions of human existence. The critically thoughtful idea of reverence for life may be one such imperative in contemporary ethics, including environmental and biomedical ethics.

Advance Directives and Research Advance Directives

Advance Directives and Research Advance Directives

Social Justice & Moral Imperative for Diversity & Inclusion in Healthcare

Not Available

Institutionalism as the Quintessence of Welfare Theory

The article highlights the theoretical aspects of institutionalism as the quintessence of welfare theory. A characteristic feature of the evolution of the human race is a deep transformation of the mental worldview. Based on historical analysis, it was revealed that attempts to curb human nature led to the emergence of norms and rules that determined the nature of the interaction between members of society. Norms and rules, or institutions in the modern sense of the word, have changed the worldview of society, thereby forming an idea of the welfare. In pre-institutional times (primitive societies), human well-being was perceived exclusively in a materialistic context. With the emergence of the first mental constructions accepted by members of society as a moral imperative, wealth began to acquire spiritual attributes (responsibility, altruism, caring, etc.). The quintessential notions of welfare were moral imperatives. It was revealed that the genesis of moral imperatives was determined by the institutional environment of a particular society. As a result, societies appeared with a diversified understanding of well-being, which influenced the belief in justice and the effectiveness of existing models for streamlining public life. Three types of society are considered, where nationalistic, socialist and liberal moral imperatives dominated. It is determined that the balance between adherence to the ideas of individualism and collectivism has become a determining factor in the formation of the theory of welfare. Keywords institutionalism, welfare, institutions, moral imperatives, mental constructions, society.

The Moral Imperatives of Humanistic Management

I discuss the nature of the moral imperatives that Humanistic Management seems to propose. In particular I discuss whether Humanistic Management should be seen as an inspirational invitation to reimagine how organizations could be conceived and practiced or as a mode of organizing which is mean to replace our current forms of organizing and which we have a moral imperative to adopt.

The Right to Counsel in Eviction Proceedings: A Moral, Social, and Economic Imperative

The Right to Counsel in Eviction Proceedings: A Moral, Social, and Economic Imperative

Hijacking the Moral Imperative: How Financial Incentives Can Discourage Whistleblower Reporting

SUMMARYRecently, policy makers have focused significant attention on the use of financial rewards as a means of encouraging whistleblower reporting, e.g., the Dodd-Frank Act (U.S. House of Representatives 2010). While such incentives are meant to increase the likelihood that fraud will be reported in a timely manner, the psychological theory of motivational crowding calls this proposition into question. Motivational crowding warns that the application of financial rewards (an extrinsic motivator) can unintentionally hijack a person's moral motivation to “do the right thing” (an intrinsic motivator). Applying this theory, we conducted an experiment and found that, in certain contexts, incentive programs can inhibit whistleblower reporting to a greater extent than had no incentives been offered at all. We discuss the implications of our results for auditors, audit committees, regulators, and others charged with corporate governance.Data Availability: Available from the authors upon request.

God's Greenhouse

God's Greenhouse

(Re)Branding the State: Humanitarian Border Control and the Moral Imperative of State Sovereignty

By taking the 2014 US Customs and Border Protection 'Dangers Campaign' as an exemplar of what we see as an emerging new form of border control management, we argue that the sovereign state is re-branding the politics of migration under the guise of a humanitarian imperative. Three intertwined phenomena allow for this humanitarian and moralistic shift: first, a strategic designation and staging of a state of nature; second, an emphasis and utilization of the materiality of death; and third, the de-branding of state sovereignty so as to employ neoliberal market mechanisms as means to depoliticize its strategy for migration control.

Choosing to Intervene: US Domestic Politics and Moral Imperatives

AbstractThe end of the Cold War meant fewer constraints on humanitarian intervention, and the third pillar of the nascent R2P norm suggests at least a moral imperative to intervene when another country’s population is threatened. Yet US leaders continue to shy away from protecting innocents outside of the United States from harm — despite the fact that presidential candidates often campaign on restoring America’s moral lead in the world and, in particular, on US responsibilities to avert mass atrocities. This paper investigates the extent to which US military intervention abroad is driven by domestic considerations. Using logistic regression analysis, we aim to explain decisions by Presidents Bush Sr., Clinton and Bush Jr. to send troops into harms way.

A Dog's Life

Austerity is the measure of responsible academic conduct in the age of neoliberalism. To tout its power and promise is a key aspect of being a fully engaged member of neoliberal academe; to deny its value and benefi t is a central component of resisting neoliberal academe—and perhaps even moving beyond it. The docile subjects of the neoliberal academy are perfectly constituted to follow austerity measures into one of the darkest chapters in the history of democratic education. 1 Those within the academy who even offer the slightest hint of resistance to the allegedly perfect logic of austerity open themselves to marginalization—and ultimately failure. However, assessing the role of austerity in the academy is not as uncomplicated as it may seem. From the perspective of austerity as an arm of the repressive and destructive neoliberal practices and policies of higher education, austerity is all darkness and no light. But even if this is the most recent and high profi le aspect of austerity in the academy, it is not its only dimension—nor even its most longstanding. Rather, austerity has played a large role in defi ning the emotional, moral, and pedagogical life of the academy. Namely, austerity has come to be a regulative emotional, if not also moral, imperative in the conduct of academic life. Furthermore, these emotional and moral imperatives pre-date the rise of neoliberalism and its austerity agenda. Austerity as an emotional and moral imperative has long shaped the conduct of academic life. For some, this has been a problem; for others, it has been simply a part of being an academic. Nevertheless, the rise of neoliberalism in the academy has intensifi ed the emotional and moral effects of its traditional relationship with austerity to the point where one must ask whether the resultant academic environment is a healthy or an unhealthy 1 The notion of the docile subjects of neoliberal academe is established in some depth in my recent book, Corporate Humanities in Higher Education: Moving Beyond the Neoliberal Academy (2013a). Two other sources on this topic are Davies, Gottsche, and Bansel (2006) and Fanghanel

The Neuroscience of Violence and the Moral Imperative for Treatment

The Neuroscience of Violence and the Moral Imperative for Treatment

Seamus Heaney, Zbigniew Herbert, and the Moral Imperative

Seamus Heaney, Zbigniew Herbert, and the Moral Imperative

Discourse, the moral imperative and Faraday’s candle

This commentary considers two lines of inquiry into the work of Ideland and Malmberg: the role of discourse in shaping teachers’ responses to Roberts’ (2011) Visions of Science and the moral imperatives that will accompany any shifts between Vision I and II. Vision I of science has accreted to itself great power and prestige, both of which shape notions of a ‘good’ science education. Any shift towards Vision II will require serious engagement in a Foucaultian discourse into the issues of power, inclusion and exclusion that Ideland and Malmberg describe. Similarly, the moral imperatives that arise require courage to both contest the status quo in science education, and develop a reasoned, morally defensible, response to the challenge that Vision II is really a form of ideological activism.

Climate change and moral judgement

Converging evidence from the behavioural and brain sciences suggests that climate change fails to generate strong moral intuitions and therefore it does not stimulate an urgent need for action. However, adequate communication strategies could enhance moral intuitions about climate change and therefore motivate greater support for ameliorative actions and policies. Converging evidence from the behavioural and brain sciences suggests that the human moral judgement system is not well equipped to identify climate change — a complex, large-scale and unintentionally caused phenomenon — as an important moral imperative. As climate change fails to generate strong moral intuitions, it does not motivate an urgent need for action in the way that other moral imperatives do. We review six reasons why climate change poses significant challenges to our moral judgement system and describe six strategies that communicators might use to confront these challenges. Enhancing moral intuitions about climate change may motivate greater support for ameliorative actions and policies.

Global Health Experiences (GHEs) in Physical Therapist Education: Balancing Moral Imperative With Inherent Moral Hazard

Background and Purpose. Income inequality and grinding poverty continue almost unabated in many low-income or developing countries, and the summative effect has been increased rates of global morbidity and disability. In order to address these important health disparities, health professionals from high-income or developed countries have increasingly become involved in global health initiatives. Health professional students have also followed this trend, progressively becoming involved in global health experiences (GHEs) as part of their formal education. Position and Rationale. In this position paper, we argue that GHEs are a moral imperative for physical therapy education programs to implement in order to meet students' learning needs and address (in some capacity) emerging global disability patterns. However, GHEs can create moral hazard against which the individual and the host organization must be guarded. Discussion and Conclusion. There are multiple ways to increase the likelihood of mutually beneficial GHEs and mitigate potential risks of moral hazards. This paper highlights the following steps: (1) Establish suitable selection processes for physical therapy student participants; (2) Develop formal and sustainable relationships between the students' education program and the host institution for the GHE; (3) Set and monitor specific learning objectives and mutually established contribution goals for GHEs; and (4) Establish formal pre-departure preparation and post-trip debriefing. While GHEs offer a partial solution to emerging global disability trends, it is our contention that the issue is not whether, but rather how, GHEs should be incorporated into physical therapy curricula to address students' needs, the missions and outcomes of their home institutions, and the needs of the host organizations. Key Words: Global health, Education, Physical therapy. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite growing attention to the global health landscape, health disparities persist within and between high, middle, and low-income countries.1, 2 Recognizing selected improvements in health status, income inequality and grinding poverty continue almost unabated in many low-income or developing countries and the summative effect has been increased rates of global morbidity and disability.35 In 2010, the Global Commission on Education of Health Professionals for the 21st Century reported that health professional education curricula have not kept pace with these and other emerging global challenges, and that the global inequalities threaten health security for all.1(pl923) They suggested that there are insufficient health human resources emerging from the global network of education programs, and that health student curricula are not reflective of actual health needs of the global population. The Commission, which is an international consortium of academic leaders, signaled the need to strengthen global learning activities such as global health experiences (GHEs) as a key element in global educational reform. In this position paper, we argue that physical therapist student participation in GHEs within their formal curricula can create positive outcomes for students, their educational institutions, and the host organizations. On the one hand, GHEs are a moral imperative for education programs to implement so as to meet students' learning needs and address (in some capacity) emerging global disability patterns; however, GHEs can create moral hazards for the individual and/or the host organization that must be minimized. Strategies such as effective planning and partnershipbuilding can protect against the unfortunate doing more harm than good conundrum,6 and would provide physical therapist students an opportunity to grow and mature as health professionals. However, a test of true performance of GHEs may be the extent to which the host organization has equally benefited from the experience. …

Genetic testing and research in Lynch Syndrome - is it a choice or a responsibility?

Results Choice in genetic testing and research does not appear to be the key value for participants in this study; instead they are influenced by a sense of responsibility [3]. Choice for them is an important right, one exercised by other family members who declined a test. Their narratives however, illustrate three moral imperatives that transform choice into responsibility; they are: responsibility to children, to self and to scientific progress (the greater good). Participants who were parents discussed a paramount duty of care to children as the main motivating factor when accepting a test. Those whose parents had declined genetic testing experienced disappointment and referred to the right to choose as a means of ethically managing that. Genetic testing was also viewed in the context of a Health Belief model [4,5] framing those who declined testing as neglectful of a moral imperative to self care. Participants sometimes conflated choosing a genetic test with choosing life and used cautionary tales of those who declined testing and developed cancer to justify decisions and persuade others considering a test. Within this moral framework an obligation to participate in genetic research is narrated from differing perspectives. A pioneering identity from being the first known family characterising the gene gave participants value and led to kin-like reciprocation invoking a desire to repay perceived medical investment in the “family”. A strong belief was held that genetics is key to the advancement of medicine.