Months In Indonesia Research Articles

Studi Komparasi Konsep Kalender Hijriyah Global Tunggal (KHGT) Muhammadiyah dan Kriteria Neo Mabims di Indonesia

Differences in the determination of the beginning of the Hijri month is still a phenomenon that often occurs in Indonesia. This situation is increasingly complex with Muhammadiyah's decision to switch from the Wujudul Hilal method to the Single Global Hijri Calendar (KHGT) system at the beginning of 1446 AH. This research examines the comparison between KHGT and the Neo MABIMS criteria used by the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs, in terms of fiqh and astronomical perspectives. This research attempts to answer two main questions: (1) How is the comparison of KHGT and Neo MABIMS criteria in terms of fiqh and astronomy? (2) What are the implications of the application of these two methods for the determination of the beginning of the Hijri month in Indonesia? Through a qualitative approach with comparative analysis, this research integrates data from ephemeris calculations, KHGT Muhammadiyah, and fiqh studies based on the book Fiqhul Islami wa Adillatuhu. The results reveal fundamental differences in the parameters used: KHGT applies global matlak with a requirement of 8° elongation and 5° hilal height, while Neo MABIMS uses matlak wilayatul hukmi with a parameter of 3° height and 6.4° elongation. This difference has implications for KHGT's tendency to set the beginning of the month earlier, which has the potential to affect the determination of Islamic holidays. However, the fiqh analysis shows that both methods have a foundation that can be accounted for in the perspective of Islamic law. This study recommends the importance of continuous dialogue between various parties to reach a broader agreement in the determination of the Hijri calendar in Indonesia, by comprehensively considering fiqh and astronomical aspects.

Pelatihan Metode SPEOS (Stimulasi Pijat Endhorpin, Pijat Oksitosin dan Sugesti) Ibu Nifas Pada Tim Pendamping Keluarga di Wilayah Puskesmas Danau Marsabut Kecamatan Sipirok

Based on the 2018 Riskesdas results, the proportion of breastfeeding patterns for babies aged 0-5 months in Indonesia is 37.3% exclusive breastfeeding, 9.3% partial breastfeeding and 3.3% predominant breastfeeding. Predominant breastfeeding is breastfeeding the baby but giving a little water or a water-based drink, for example tea, as a prelacteal food/drink before the milk comes in. Meanwhile, partial breastfeeding is breastfeeding a baby and giving artificial food other than breast milk such as formula milk, porridge or other food before the baby is 6 months old, whether given continuously or as prelacteal food. North Sumatra Province Nutrition Program Data in 2018. The percentage of exclusive breastfeeding for babies 0-6 months in North Sumatra in 2018 was 65.57 percent, an increase compared to the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in 2017, namely 54.4 percent (Sumatra Provincial Health Service, 2017). 2018). In the breastfeeding process, problems sometimes arise that can prevent giving breast milk to babies. Problems that mothers often experience when breastfeeding include inverted nipples, swollen breasts, sore and painful nipples, blocked milk ducts, breast inflammation and insufficient milk production (Purwoastuti, 2015). There are many non-pharmacological methods that can help postpartum mothers increase breast milk production, ranging from marmet massage, oxytocin massage, Woolwich massage to areola and rolling massage. Currently, based on the results of related research, there are non-pharmacological methods that are cheaper, easier, non-invasive and acceptable to respondents and without side effects. Nursing interventions that can be applied to help increase lactation in post partum mothers are the SPEOS method (Endorphin, Oxytocin and Suggestive Massage Stimulation).

Breastfeeding Status and Infectious Diseases among Children Aged 6–23 Months in Indonesia

Introduction: Infectious diseases remain public health issues in Indonesia. However, there remains a knowledge gap on whether breastfeeding can prevent infectious diseases in young children. This study examined the relationship between current breastfeeding and child infections in Indonesia. Methods: Data were derived from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey by including 5158 children aged 6–23 months. The dependent variables were diarrhea, fever, and acute respiratory infection (ARI). The main exposure of interest was the current breastfeeding status. Covariates included factors at the child, maternal, household, health care, and community levels. Results: Around 20%, 38%, and 4% of children experienced diarrhea, fever, and ARI, respectively. Current breastfeeding status was protective against diarrhea (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.61–0.89) but not related to fever (AOR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.82–1.11) and ARI (AOR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.70–1.47). Other factors related to diarrhea included female children, older maternal age, maternal higher education, improved drinking water source, and living in Sulawesi. Living in Sumatera and Sulawesi were linked to fever. Higher birth orders and improved toilet facilities were associated with ARI. Conclusion: The findings indicate different levels of factors affecting child infections. Thus, integrating breastfeeding promotions with water, hygiene, and sanitation interventions may help prevent infectious diseases in young children.

Maternal knowledge on nutritional-focused nurturing care and associated factors among women with stunted children aged 6-23 months in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A cross-sectional study.

Childhood stunting poses serious long-term risks to cognitive development, education, and adult productivity. While research has explored stunting's causes and effects, there is a lack of focus on maternal knowledge of nutrition-focused nurturing care for stunted children. This gap limits the ability to design effective interventions that target improved caregiving practices. This study aimed to assess maternal knowledge of nutrition-focused nurturing care and explore associated factors, including child gender, maternal age, education, income, and prior exposure to nurturing care information, among mothers of stunted children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 73 mothers in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Data were collected from February to March 2024 using a validated self-assessment questionnaire covering four domains: responsive caregiving, early learning opportunities, safety and security, and supportive caregiver well-being. Statistical analyses, including t-tests and one-way ANOVA, were performed. Overall maternal knowledge of nurturing care was high, with a mean score of 25.15 (SD = 4.72). Factors significantly associated with higher knowledge included having male children (p = 0.017), being aged 30-34 years (p = 0.035), possessing higher education levels (p = 0.002), and prior exposure to nurturing care information (p <0.001). Family income significantly influenced knowledge in the domain of early learning opportunities (p = 0.006), though not in other areas. Maternal knowledge of nutrition-focused nurturing care was influenced by child gender, maternal age, education, income, and prior exposure to nurturing care information. These findings emphasize the importance of focused educational interventions in nursing practice to enhance maternal knowledge. Addressing these factors can help align nursing strategies better to support the healthy growth and development of children.

Factors related to complementary feeding practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia

Introduction: Complementary feeding practice is critical for adequate growth and development in children. Appropriate practices should be maintained, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to analyse complementary feeding practices and their related factors, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on household economic aspects. Data were collected via online questionnaires involving 574 mothers of children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia from April to May 2022. Results: In total, 63.6%, 64.6%, 86.6%, and 57.7% of children met the criteria for timely introduction of complementary feeding (INTRO), minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD), respectively. Households that had no impact on their ability to provide food during the pandemic had higher odds of meeting MDD and MAD. Having a high household income level, high maternal education, and being a housewife increased the odds of INTRO. The odds of MDD increased in children who lived in Java, had older age, and whose mother had high education level. Older children had higher odds of having appropriate MMF. MAD was associated with mother’s high education level and being a housewife. Conclusion: Several factors during the pandemic, including economic aspects, influenced complementary feeding practices. To prevent child malnutrition, besides ensuring household food security, other strategies to increase complementary feeding quality are also needed.

A Case-Control Study on Effect of Rotavirus Monovalent G9P[11] Vaccination on the Severity of Diarrhoea in Children Aged 2-24 Months in Indonesia

A Case-Control Study on Effect of Rotavirus Monovalent G9P[11] Vaccination on the Severity of Diarrhoea in Children Aged 2-24 Months in Indonesia

Workshop on s-claim application system for BPJS claim officers at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital

BPJS Health is a public legal entity that is directly responsible to the President and functions to organize health insurance programs for all Indonesian residents, including foreigners who work for a minimum of six months in Indonesia. The BPJS Health claim procedure can be quite complicated and requires a lot of supporting documents. Unclearness in the guidance or instructions provided can make participants confused and not prepare the complete documents required, one of which is incomplete data files. This is a problem that slows down the claim process. This activity aims to provide health education on the application of the S-National Health Insurance (JKN) system, namely health protection program in Indonesia designed to provide basic health care and protection benefits for all Indonesian citizens. The main goal of JKN is to ensure that everyone in Indonesia has access to adequate basic health services, either through contributions paid by participants themselves or contributions paid by the government for certain groups. With the existence of JKN, it is hoped that the entire population of Indonesia can feel the benefits of equitable and quality health services, thereby improving the health status of the community as a whole. Claims to BPJS officers. The method of implementing activities is using observation sheets and questionnaires regarding the application of the S-Claim system to BPJS officers. Through this activity, it is hoped that the knowledge of BPJS claims officers can increase and change attitudes so that they can apply the BPJS E-Claim system correctly. Socialization to BPJS claims officers can be concluded that the knowledge of BPJS claims officers at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital has increased by 60% after conducting socialization using discussion, lecture and question and answer methods as well as holding quizzes or tests to evaluate participants' understanding of the S application.

Factors associated with infant and young child feeding practices in children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia: A nationwide study

IntroductionChildren-related nutrition raises significant attention due to the low implementation of infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices. However, the factors affecting the low implementation of IYCF remains limited globally. This study aimed to identify factors influencing IYCF in children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 4943 responses were included. We employed binary logistic regression to determine the factors affecting IYCF practices in children aged 6–23 months. The results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a significance level of p < 0.05. ResultsSeveral factors significantly influenced IYCF practices among children aged 6–23 months, including the age of the child (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.27–0.65), middle wealth index (OR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.12–3.08), regional disparities (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.23–0.77), place of residence (OR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.17–2.68), and a history of childhood diseases like fever (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.05–2.58). ConclusionThis study highlights the significance of various factors related to IYCF practices among children aged 6–23 months. These factors include maternal aspects such as wealth index, child-related factors like age, a history of childhood illnesses such as fever, and environmental factors such as regional disparities and place of residence. Practice implicationsPaediatric nurses can contribute to enhancing maternal knowledge by providing education on the importance of infant and child feeding practices, beginning early in the child's life.

Examining determinants of stunting in Urban and Rural Indonesian: a multilevel analysis using the population-based Indonesian family life survey (IFLS).

In Indonesia, chronic malnutrition leading to stunted growth in children represents a significant issue within the public health domain. The prevalence of stunting varies between urban and rural areas, reflecting disparities in access to nutrition, healthcare, and other socioeconomic factors. Understanding these disparities is crucial for developing targeted interventions to address the issue. The study used data from the fifth wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS), which is a national cross-sectional population-based survey conducted across approximately 13 provinces in Indonesia in 2014-2015. Multivariate and Multilevel logistic regression models were utilized in the analysis to determine the factors associated with the prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that among children aged 24-59 months in Indonesia, stunting was associated with the age of the child, birth weight, maternal nutritional status, and residence. Subsequently, the multilevel logistic regression analysis revealed that in rural areas, the age of the child and birth weight exhibited significant associations with stunting. Conversely, in urban areas, stunted children were influenced by 7 factors, including the child's age (months), age of weaning, birth weight (kg), mother and father's age, place of birth, and maternal nutritional status. Variations in childhood stunting between urban and rural regions in Indonesia were observed, indicating a differential prevalence. The study's findings suggests the importance of age-appropriate nutritional support, healthcare interventions, and growth monitoring. Focused interventions are vital, potentially encompassing initiatives such as improving access to maternal and child healthcare services, promoting adequate nutrition during pregnancy and infancy, and facilitate greater parental engagement in childcare responsibilities.

Suboptimal child healthcare practices and the development of multiple infectious diseases in children aged 24-59 months.

Infections continue to be a major cause of death among children under the age of five worldwide. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the development of multiple infectious diseases in children aged 24-59 months in Indonesia. Data from the 2018 Basic Health Research conducted by the Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, were used. Information from 39,948 children aged 24-59 months was analyzed. The outcome variable was the development of multiple infectious diseases, that is, acute respiratory infections, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, diarrhea, and hepatitis, in the month before the survey. Factors significantly associated with multiple types of infectious diseases were examined using logistic regression. The study found that 76.6% of children aged 24 to 59 months in Indonesia had at least one type of infectious disease. The likelihood of developing multiple types of infectious diseases increased in children whose parents did not practice appropriate handwashing with soap and running water [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.16, p < 0.001], those who received supplemental food (aOR = 1.38, p < 0.001), those with poor nutritional status (aOR = 1.12, p < 0.001), and those living in urban areas (aOR = 1.07, p = 0.045). Improving caregivers' awareness of adequate child healthcare practices, in addition to nutrition-sensitive and specific interventions to improve children's nutritional status, is required to prevent children from contracting multiple types of infectious diseases.

Penguatan Praktik Pemberian Makanan pada Bayi dan Anak (PMBA) Melalui Simulasi dan Demonstrasi Pemberian MP-ASI

West Sulawesi Province is the highest province with stunting above the WHO cut-off (20%), where the incidence of stunting in West Sulawesi is 39.7%. One of the causes of growth and development disorders for babies and children aged 6 to 23 months in Indonesia is the low level of knowledge and practice of providing exclusive breastfeeding, the low quality of complementary feeding. This activity aimed to train and strengthen the practice of giving complementary foods to toddlers by simulating and demonstrating giving complementary foods in accordance with WHO standards. The methods used are counseling, simulation and demonstration of complementary feeding patterns. The target was 30 mothers of toddlers and 5 posyandu cadres. There was an increase in participants' knowledge from 60% to 97% and participants were able to demonstrate the practice of providing MP-ASI based on local food well. It is important to frequently refresh the pattern of giving complementary foods to mothers in groups so that mothers can share knowledge and support each other in practicing the right pattern of giving complementary foods.

Factors Related to Exclusive Breastfeeding: Review Article

Background: The Indonesian Ministry of Health recorded that the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding for babies aged 0-6 months in Indonesia was 71.58% in 2021. Breast milk is the most perfect food for babies. Therefore, babies aged 0-6 months only need exclusive breast milk without other additions except medicine. Breast milk is the first liquid food produced naturally by the mother's breasts. Breast milk contains various necessary nutrients that are well formulated in the mother's body to ensure the growth and development of the baby. Apart from providing complete child nutrition, breast milk protects the baby against infections and illnesses. Objective: to analyze factors related to exclusive breastfeeding. Method: Literature Review (LR). Data source: The databases used are Pubmed and Google Scholar (2014 to 2023). The research assessed 16 studies regarding factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in a cross-sectional study design. Conclusion: Based on the study, factors related to exclusive breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers include age, education, employment status, economic status, Breastfeeding Support Group, knowledge, attitudes, professional support health, and husband's support. Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, knowledge, attitudes, support, employment status, economic status

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the medical outcome study social support survey among mothers of children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia

BackgroundSocial support significantly influences a mother's adherence to complementary feeding guidelines, with family support fostering a positive attitude towards this practice. The Medical Outcome Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) is a multidimensional scale designed to evaluate functional aspects of social support, but no instrument has been validated for Indonesia. PurposeThe study aims to validate the MOS-SSS instrument for measuring mothers' social support in providing complementary food to infants and young children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on 196 mothers with children aged 6–23 months in West Sumatera, Indonesia. The MOS-SSS's internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach alpha, composite reliability, and split-half analysis, while its construct validity was evaluated using convergent and discriminant validity. ResultsThe Indonesian version of the MOS-SSS among mothers with children aged 6–23 months has been found to be satisfactory in content validity through translation and expert review. The questionnaire exhibits strong convergent and discriminant validity, reliable construct reliability, and internal consistency. Conclusions and implicationsThe MOS-SSS questionnaire was found to be reliable and valid in measuring the social support mothers perceive in providing complementary feeding to their infants and young children. Future research should explore the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the MOS-SSS in various populations, including pregnant women, lactating mothers, and women with special conditions.

Marmet technique and oxytocin massage increase the smoothness of breastfeeding

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Breast milk is the best baby food and every baby has the right to get breast milk. Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018, data on the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in several countries had not yet reached the target. Referring to the national target of 80%, in 2018 nationally the coverage of babies receiving exclusive breastfeeding is 68.74%. Meanwhile, in Bengkulu province, newborns who received exclusive breastfeeding were 65.46%. Based on the results of the 2018 Riskesdas, the proportion of breastfeeding patterns for infants aged 0-5 months in Indonesia is 37.3% exclusive breastfeeding.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Objectives&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the marmet technique and oxytocin massage on the smoothness breastfeeding .&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;: This research used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, employing a two-group pretest-posttest design with a control group. The experimental group was administered the Marmet technique, while the control group received oxytocin massages for seven consecutive days. The sample for this study consisted of 60 first-day postpartum mothers, with 30 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group. The research was conducted at PMB Bengkulu City. The research instruments used observation sheets, and data analysis was tested using the t-test and processed using computerization. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; The statistical results obtained showed that there was a significant difference between the groups given the marmet technique and oxytocin massage regarding the smoothness of breast milk, where the marmet technique group had better improvement. There is a relationship between education and parity with breastfeeding fluency but there is no relationship between age and work with breastfeeding fluency. Intervention and parity variables are the most effective variables in increasing the smooth breastfeeding of postpartum mothers.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;There is an effect of the marmet technique and oxytocin massage on the smoothness of breast milk. It is expected that midwives can provide midwifery care for postpartum mothers by applying the marmet technique and oxytocin massage for the smooth production of breast milk and can be disseminated to the community&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Nutrigenomic Engineering in Children Under Five With Infectious Diseases After the Covid-19 Pandemic

It is estimated that about 3 million children worldwide each year exhibit xerophthalmia, i.e. they are clinically deficient in vitamin A and are at risk of blindness. In addition, about 250 million more children under five are estimated to have sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency and are at risk of severe morbidity and premature death. Zinc is a vital element for the synthesis of DNA and RNA. This mineral is needed in the formation of eye tissue so that it can remain seeing in the dark, the formation of white blood cells in the immune system, gastric function, skin health, growth and function of the reproductive system, fetal growth and the central nervous system. Zinc also helps in the activity of immune function. The purpose of this study is to determine nutrigenomic intake (Vit A, Zinc, Fe iron) in toddlers with infectious diseases during the pandemic. Research Method using Pre n post test Research Design. One month before the intervention, blood sampling levels of Vitamin A, Zinc, and Iron (Fe) were asked about infectious diseases. (How many times in the last 1 month). One month after the intervention, blood samples were taken again, levels of Vitamin A, Zinc, and Iron (Fe) were asked again infectious diseases. The results of the analysis showed that vitamin A intake was low compared to the RDA of 4.39 (CI 1.62-4.89) times in children whose parents had low socioeconomic status, while according to age 1.01 (CI 0.98-1.18) times. While iron intake is lower than the RDA of 2.52 (CI_), according to age 1.07 (CI 1.01-1.14). Zinc intake was lower than the RDA of 91.6 (CI 0.11-756.3). Food intake of zinc, iron and vitamin A for children 24-60 months in Indonesia is still unable to meet the needs and is far below the Daily Value (RDA).

Syahādah Hilal Non Muslim dalam Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif Indonesia

Indonesia is a country that regulates religious life as reflected in the first principle of Pancasila. One of the religious lives regulated by the state is determining the start of the month of Ramadan and two holidays. The determination of the start of the months of Ramadhan, Shawwal and Zulhijjah is determined through an isbat session held by the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. The isbat session was held after the hilal rukyah team carried out hilal rukyah at the agreed rukyat locations from Sabang to Meurauke. Through a descriptive juridical approach, this research tries to find the position of non-Muslim crescent testimony in determining the beginning of the month in Indonesia. From existing data sources it can be concluded that the shahadah of non-Muslims can be accepted as an assistant, not as a determinant in determining the start of the Hijriah month.

Probability of Inappropriate Complementary Feeding Practices on Children Aged 6-23 Months in Indonesia: Results of Indonesian Demographic Health Survey in 2017

Background: One of the causes of the double burden of nutrition problems in Indonesia is the early feeding of complementary feeding. The practice of providing complementary feeding in several countries, including Indonesia, has not reached the target and it is not yet known the magnitude of the probability of complementary feeding not following the recommendations in Indonesia based on national survey data. &#x0D; Objective. To identify the risk factors for the failure of Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practice in urban and rural NTT.&#x0D; Objectives: This study aims to determine the Probability of inappropriate complementary feeding practices in Children aged 6-23 Months in Indonesia and the factors that influence it. &#x0D; Methods: The research design uses cross-sectional studies. The data is sourced from the 2017 Indonesian Health Demographic Survey (IDHS) results. The sample was selected from women of childbearing age in IDHS 2017, namely women of childbearing age aged 15-49 years who had children aged 6-23 months who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of 4,985 children. The data were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. &#x0D; Results: The practice of giving complementary feeding according to recommendations in children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia is only 55.53%. Socio-economic status is very poor (p= 0.000; OR=1.785; 95% CI 1.44-2.213), rural residence (p= 0.000; OR=1.168; 95% CI 1.025-1.33), lower education (p= 0.002; OR=1.398; 95% CI 1.149-1.702), and grande multipara parity (p= 0.001; OR=1.57; 95% CI 1.238-1.992) is significantly associated with the practice of giving complementary feeding not by the recommendations.&#x0D; Conclusions: The probability of the practice of giving complementary feeding is not by the recommendation of 86% due to the socio-economic status of very poor families living in rural areas, low maternal education levels, and mothers with grande-multipara parity. It is necessary to improve the socio-economics of the family through the empowerment of mothers and families, increase access to health services in rural areas, improve maternal education through various programs, and intensify family planning programs to limit the number of children in the family.

Mother's knowledge of nutrition and protein intake in stunted children aged 12-36 months in Indonesia

The objective of the study is to analyze the effect of mothers’ knowledge before and after counseling on nutrition and protein intake in stunting toddlers aged 12-36 months. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pretest-posttest design from May to August 2022 in Batujajar and Cihampelas Subdistricts, West Bandung Regency, Indonesia. Subjects consisted of 124 mothers who had stunted toddlers and were divided into 2 groups: control and treatment, with 62 toddlers each, with simple random sampling. In the 1st and 4th months, nutritional measurements of protein intake were carried out using the Food Frequency Questionnaire using the 2007 Nutrisurvey software. The statistical analysis included a t-test (comparison) for each pair of variables and tests for independence using the correlation coefficient and chi-square. Pretest nutrition knowledge in the majority control group was in the sufficient category at 38.7%. Meanwhile, in the treatment group, it was in the good category at 54.8%. Nutrition knowledge showed that the posttest control (15.45 ± 3.55) and the treatment (18.53 ± 1.49) groups were significantly different (p &lt;0.01). Protein intake pretest and posttest (1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th month protein) between the control and treatment groups were also significantly different (p&lt;0.05). There was a significant posttest effect on mother's knowledge about nutrition and protein intake in stunted toddlers. Health workers are expected to continue to provide health education gradually and repeatedly to increase mothers' knowledge so the risk of stunting can be minimized.

Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure and Early Childhood Cognitive Development Based on the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research Data

Delays in early childhood cognitive development may have profound long-term implications on health and life expectancy. Optimal nutrition supports early life development, including a child's cognitive development. This study aimed to determine the association between the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure and early childhood cognitive development among children aged 36-59 months in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research that involved 18,027 participants aged 36-59 months. This study outcome demonstrated that children who were stunted-underweight were potentially susceptible to delayed cognitive development compared to those with normal nutritional status (aOR = 1.30; 95% CI 1.12-1.51) after controlling for child’s age, sex, vitamin A supplementation, antenatal care visits, gestational age, access to drinking water and sanitation (combined risk), maternal education and mental health (combined risk), maternal occupation and number of household members (combined risk). In summary, malnourished children are vulnerable to impaired physical growth and potential delays inearly cognitive development.

Predictor of Stunting Among Children 0-24 Months Old in Indonesia: A Scoping Review

Stunting, a condition of impaired growth and development due to chronic malnutrition, remains a significant challenge in Indonesia. Efforts to address this issue have been hindered by an inadequate understanding of the predictors of stunting, particularly in the first 1000 days of a child's life. To address this gap, a scoping review was conducted to identify factors influencing stunting in children aged 0-24 months in Indonesia. The review focused on observational studies published from 2012 to 2023, retrieved from five international databases using specific keywords. Among the 16 articles, 10 factors with 26 predictors emerged, spanning child, mother, home, inadequate complementary feeding, inadequate breastfeeding, poor quality foods, infection, political economy, health and healthcare, and social culture factor. Most predictors aligned with mother, child, and home factors. These findings provide a foundation for targeted interventions and collaborative efforts across sectors to combat stunting and ensure healthier futures for Indonesia's children.