Aggregate-level economic decline has been significantly related to utilization rates of public mental health services. Concomitant time-series methods related the monthly unemployment rate of the City of St. Louis to the institutional supply of public mental health services. Supply factors and unemployment were then related to monthly inpatient and outpatient group admission rates from January, 1976 through August, 1983. The results suggested a selection bias during bed shortages favoring first admissions over readmissions. Unemployment was found to be positively related to total first admissions, employed first admissions, and male first admissions.