Monthly Family Research Articles

PREDICTION OF THE SUM OF NEW FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS IN THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A STUDY USING THE ARIMA MODEL

The sum of new Family Planning (KB) acceptors in Pamekasan Regency decreased from March to April 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This decline will hinder the increase in achieving the Modern Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (mCPR) as the target of the 2020-2024 National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN), so modelling is needed to predict the sum of new family planning acceptors in Pamekasan Regency. This research aims to predict the sum of new family planning acceptors in Pamekasan Regency using the ARIMA model. This research is a non-reactive quantitative research. The unit of analysis for this research is all-new monthly family planning acceptors in Pamekasan Regency. The data used is the number of new monthly family planning acceptors from January 2016 to December 2021, sourced from the Pamekasan Regency Women's Empowerment, Child Protection and Family Planning Service. The research results show that the best model for predicting the number of new family planning acceptors in Pamekasan Regency is ARIMA [1,1,1] with the equation 0.0011(B)11Zt=0.006+0.0001(B)at. Prediction results using the ARIMA model [1,1,1] show that the number of new family planning acceptors tends to increase in January-December 2022. The sum of new family planning acceptors shows an increasing pattern, but the increase does not reflect the impact of the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Suicidal Risk Factors and Youth Population: A Study on Bangladeshi Urban and Rural areas Perspective.

Suicide is an urgent matter of public health that presents a substantial peril to young populations worldwide. This research aims to conduct a comprehensive overview of the risk factors linked with Suicide among the young population in Bangladesh. Understanding these risk factors could expand targeted prevention strategies and interventions to tackle the issue and endorse mental health. This study utilized quantitative research with a survey questionnaire design to collect data from 764 close family members who committed suicide. The data were randomly selected from Dhaka and Jhenaidah districts in Bangladesh. The study revealed that aged 23-25 years have a higher risk for Suicide, where females 62.96% are at higher risk than males 37.04%. The result finds a significant relationship between family and social environment risk factors. Further findings show that education, married status, family size, and monthly family income variables have various degrees of effect on suicide risk among young people based on their age. Despite the inherent limitations of national surveillance in this study, the research findings catalyze further investigation into delineating specific suicide risk factors. Such endeavors aim to mitigate suicidal behaviors and foster positive psychological development across the lifespan.

Impact of Economic Crisis and Socio-Demographic Factors on Milk and Milk Product Consumption of Undergraduates: A Case Study of Eastern University, Sri Lanka

Milk consumption is influenced by a wide range of factors, including gender, age, income, education, ethnicity, health condition, and presence of children in the household. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of the recent economic crisis and socio-demographic factors on the milk and milk product consumption patterns of undergraduates. The questionnaire survey was used as the primary data collection tool. The survey was conducted with a representative sample of undergraduates (n=238) using a self-structured online questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. As per the results, the majority of undergraduates in the sample size consume raw milk (83%). Therefore, cattle milk was the most widely consumed type of raw milk (84%). Ice cream is the most popular milk product (99%) in sample size. Despite the economic crisis, the majority of undergraduates (53%) maintain steady milk consumption habits. However, the milk consumption of undergraduates during the financial crisis was significantly associated with factors including locality (p=0.017), family size (p=0.014), monthly family income (p=0.000), parental educational level (p=0.000), and employment status (p=0.014). Further, this study investigated the fact that the purchasing frequency of milk and milk products was not associated with socio-demographic backgrounds (P>0.05).

Quality of Life, Treatment Seeking Pathways and Out of Pocket Expenditure of parents with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in South Delhi

Background: Autism is a neurodevelopment disorder requiring continuous preventive, curative and rehabilitative management of child. Taking care of these children leads to parents face various challenges. Lack of awareness, associated stigma, misdiagnosis, inappropriate management impacts parents' lives in various aspects. Objectives: To assess quality of life of the parents of ASD children, find out various treatment-seeking pathways adopted by them, and estimate out-of-pocket expenditure for childcare. Methodology: Cross-sectional mixed method study was conducted for assessment of quality of life of parents (WHO-QOL BREF), out-of-pocket expenditure, treatment-seeking pathways opted by parents for ASD management. Results: Quality of life of parents were found to be affected in various domains, however psychological domain was most influenced. Age of parents had an impact on social domain. Delays in the identification of symptoms, confirmation of diagnosis, Lack of availability of treatment services, and non-integration of rehabilitative services were major loopholes in the treatment seeking. The median out-of-pocket expenditure was 16% of monthly family income. Conclusion & recommendation: Community awareness, medical fraternity sensitization, integration of all services for management and rehabilitation are keys towards better quality of life for parents. Financial support through health programs, NGOs, or insurance is a much-needed reform to reduce catastrophic health expenditure.

Psychosocial Burden in Parents Having Intellectually Disabled Children: A Hospital-based Study

Abstract Background: Intellectual disability is a non-communicable health disorder that has become a public health concern worldwide, with a marked impairment in communication, academic, and social skills. It is important to identify the level of psychological stress among parents of these children. Hence, this study was designed to assess the level of psychological stress among parents having intellectually disabled children. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation outpatient department (OPD) at Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital, New Delhi. Data were collected to analyze the psychological stress in families. Parental Stress Scale (PSS) was used as the tool to measure stress in parents. Results: A total of 170 mothers were enrolled in the study. In total, 14 different variables were considered plausible contributing factors to the mother’s stress. Four variables demonstrated a clear linear association between variable values and PSS. These variables were a) per-capita monthly family income, b) socioeconomic status, c) study subjects’ occupation, and d) duration of disability. The overall mean PSS for the entire cohort was found to be 47.14 ± 2.93. The reference criteria for low stress was 19–45, and it was 45–90 for high stress. Conclusion: The study suggests that mothers of children with intellectual disability experience high stress. Raising a child with special care needs is overwhelming for mothers. Appropriate clinical services should be provided to support parents of children with disabilities and offer resources to educate and enable mothers to manage their children’s disabilities and needs.

The Impact of Cost of Living on the Quality of Life of Cystic Fibrosis Patients: A Study in Greece.

Introduction Cystic fibrosis (CF) leads to the impairment of multiple essential organs and systems in the human body. The objective of this study was to analyze the financial consequences of having cystic fibrosis (CF) on patients, evaluate their general state of health, and specifically investigate the impact of living expenses on their quality of life. Methods The data were collected using three tools and a form for personal information entry. The first questionnaire wasemployed to quantify fluctuations in patients' cost of living. The Greek variant of the Short Form Questionnaire-36 (SF-36)and the Greek version of the Cystic Fibrosis Quality of Life (CFQoL)were implemented to assess quality of life.Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, and analyses were conducted using SPSS statistical software. Results The study obtained a response rate of 93.2%, with 105 participants consenting to and effectively finishing the questionnaire. The mean age of the patients was 32.1 years, with 46.7% being female and 53.3% being male. Medication was being administered to 46.7% of the patients. The condition incurred an average cost of 767€ in the preceding semester. The maximum cost was 1007€. Patients with a higher monthly family income and those who were taking medication exhibited superior physical performance and functional capacity. Conclusion The research emphasizes that implementing causative treatment and minimizing hospitalizations can potentially enhance life satisfaction. The findings suggest possible approaches to enhance the quality of life in people with cystic fibrosis, in conjunction with the implementation of novel or enhanced treatment modalities.

Perception on Service Quality in a Military Training Course Measured by the HEdPERF Scale and Its Relationship with the Students’ Characteristics

Considering the educational services, the Brazilian Navy education aims to comply with continuous and progressive process of education, with own characteristics, which are constantly updated and improved based on some principles, such as guarantee of quality standard, continuous and progressive professionalisation, and integral and continuous evaluation. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the service quality of the training course at the Santa Catarina School of Sailor Apprentices, according to the students&amp;rsquo; perception. For this evaluation, the HEdPERF scale was used. Data collection was performed by using printed questionnaires and the sample consisted of 178 students enrolled in the sailor training course who voluntarily participated in the study. The instrument for data collection was validated by confirmatory component analysis by using the SmartPLS 3 software. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were performed to assess the data with SPSS software. As a result, the study revealed that the respondents perceived the dimension &amp;ldquo;academic aspects&amp;rdquo; as having the highest quality, whereas the dimension &amp;ldquo;non-academic aspects&amp;rdquo; was perceived as having the lowest quality. Regression analysis showed that variables such as total monthly family income, education level and main motivation to enter the armed forces have a statistically significant relationship with certain items of the HEdPERF scale, which was adapted to the present study.

Factors Influencing Autonomy in Middle-Aged and Elderly Women with Urinary Incontinence.

Urinary incontinence (UI) is relatively common among middle-aged and elderly women and can have significant impacts on patients' physiological, psychological, and quality-of-life aspects. A higher level of autonomy can encourage better health behaviors in patients, so as to promote rehabilitation of the disease and improve their quality of life. The study is aimed at exploring the level of autonomy and influencing factors among middle-aged and elderly women with UI. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen, China. Middle-aged and elderly women were asked to complete the Index of Autonomous Functioning scale (IAF), the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF), and the Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) scale. Data were collected in January 2024 to March 2024. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, bivariate correlation and multivariate linear regression were used to analyze data. A total of 646 women completed the questionnaire. The means and standard deviations (SD) of the IAF section were 45.40 ± 8.92, those of the ICIQ-UI SF section were 11.54 ± 3.67, and those of the I-QOL section were 43.95 ± 9.83. Multivariate linear regression models for the IAF revealed that questionnaire scores were independently associated with family's monthly income, education level, regular exercise, UI severity, and I-QOL score (p < 0.05). The factors influencing the level of autonomy among middle-aged and elderly women with UI include family's monthly income, education level, regular exercise, UI severity, and I-QOL score. Higher levels of autonomy were observed among women with high family income, high education level, regular exercise habits, mild to moderate UI, and high quality of life.

Assessing the current situation and the influencing factors affecting perceived stigma among older patients after leukemia diagnosis

BACKGROUND Psychological problems are becoming increasingly prominent among older patients with leukemia, with patients potentially facing stigmatization after diagnosis. However, there is limited research on the stigma experienced by these patients and the factors that may contribute to it. AIM To investigate the stigma faced by older patients after being diagnosed with leukemia and to analyze the potential influencing factors. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical data obtained from questionnaire surveys, interviews, and the medical records of older patients with leukemia admitted to the Hengyang Medical School from June 2020 to June 2023. The data obtained included participants’ basic demographic information, medical history, leukemia type, family history of leukemia, average monthly family income, pension, and tendency to conceal illness. The Chinese versions of the Social Impact Scale (SIS), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess indicators related to stigma, social support, and mental health status. We used Pearson’s correlation coefficient to analyze the strength and direction of the relationship between the scores of each scale, and regression analysis to explore the factors related to the stigma of older patients with leukemia after diagnosis. RESULTS Data from 120 patients with leukemia aged 65-80 years were analyzed. The total score on the SIS and PSSS was 43.60 ± 4.07 and 37.06 ± 2.87, respectively. The SAS score was 58.35 ± 8.32 and the SDS score was 60.58 ± 5.97. The stigma experienced by older leukemia patients was negatively correlated with social support (r = -0.691, P &lt; 0.05) and positively correlated with anxiety and depression (r = 0.506, 0.382, P &lt; 0.05). Age, education level, smoking status, average monthly family income, pension, and tendency to conceal illness were significantly associated with the participants’ level of stigma (P &lt; 0.05). Age, smoking status, social support, anxiety, and depression were predictive factors of stigmatization among older leukemia patients after diagnosis (all P &lt; 0.05), with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.644 and an adjusted R2 of 0.607. CONCLUSION Older patients commonly experience stigmatization after being diagnosed with leukemia. Factors such as age, smoking status, social support, and psychological well-being may influence older patients’ reported experience of stigma.

Factors affecting parental role adaptation in parents of preterm infants after discharge: a cross-sectional study.

Parenting a preterm infant can be incredibly challenging and stressful, particularly in the first year after discharge. Desirable parental role adaptation leads to appropriate parenting behaviors and parent-infant interaction, which are essential to child health and development. To investigate the level of parental role adaptation and its influencing factors among parents of preterm infants in the first year after hospital discharge according to Belsky's parenting process model among parents of preterm infants in the first year after hospital discharge. A cross-sectional study design was adopted using convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Parental Role Adaptation Scale (PRAS) in parents with preterm infants, the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), the Coping Adaptation Processing Scale (CAPS-15), and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests, Spearman correlation analyses, and multivariate linear regression were used to analyze the data. In total, 300 Chinese parents were included in the analysis. In the multivariate analysis, first-time parent (p = 0.003), master's degree and above (p = 0.042), coping adaptation processing (p = 0.000), residence location (towns: p = 0.019, city: p = 0.028), monthly family income (6000-10,000: p = 0.000, >10,000: p = 0.000), and perceived social support (p = 0.001) were all significant predictors of parental role adaptation and collectively accounted for 56.8% of the variation in parental role adaptation of parents with preterm infants (F = 16.473, p < 0.001). Coping adaptation processing mediated the relationship between perceived social support and parental role adaptation (95% bootstrap CI = 0.022, 0.130). Chinese parents of preterm infants experience a moderate level of parental role adaptation when their child is discharged from the hospital to home. Parents who are not first-time parents, have master's degrees or above, live in towns or cities, have higher coping and adaptation abilities, have high monthly family income, and greater perceived social support have a higher level of parental role adaptation. Healthcare providers should pay more attention to parents with low socioeconomic status and encourage them to improve their coping and adaptation abilities and to utilize their formal and informal social support networks.

Impact of a physical exercise program on resilience level

Aging is a physiological process. In view of the changes that affect the elderly, there is a need for resilience in this context, essential for well-being. Objective: To analyze the resilience rates of the elderly, before and after the practice of physical activity. This is a quasi-experimental, quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out with 100 elderly people. The participants completed the anamnesis and the “Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale”. There is an age group of 65 to 69 years old (37.8%), self-declared white (38.9%), user of UBS Augusto Franco (Augusto Franco) (62.2%), married (40%) , with incomplete primary education (26.7%), retired (40%), with a monthly family income of up to 2 minimum wages (57.8%), with the majority having increased levels of resilience subfacets: serenity, sense of life, self-confidence, self-sufficiency, perseverance. The data obtained indicate an increase in resilience with the practice of exercise, contributing to the improvement of health.

Double burden of malnutrition among young adult female (18-25 years) of West Bengal, India

Globally, malnutrition affects approximately one-third of the population, manifesting in various forms of undernutrition and overnutrition. This issue is particularly prevalent in developing countries, posing significant health concerns for female. To address this, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the nutritional status and related factors among female in Paschim Medinipur District and North 24 Pargana District of West Bengal, India. This cross-sectional study was conducted involving 337 females selected through a simple random sampling technique with proportional allocation. Data collection utilized a self-administered questionnaire. Nutritional status was determined based on the World Health Organization (WHO) cut off points for underweight and overweight. Statistical significance was set at a p&lt;0.05. The study revealed that 16.91% of participants were underweight and 17.80% were classified as overweight or obesity. A significant association (χ2=28.400; p&lt;0.01) was noted between monthly family income (MFI) group and nutritional status among the participants. The BMI of the participants were significantly different (F= 5.791; p&lt;0.001) in varied MFI group. It was observed that age of the participants was significantly correlated with weight (r=0.360; p&lt;0.01), height (r=0.294; p&lt;0.01) and BMI (r=0.257; p&lt;0.01). The present study clearly documented that age of the female and family income had significant influence on the nutritional status of the young adult female and more than one-third of participants were suffering from double burden of malnutrition.

Quarantine and Isolation in COVID-19: An Assessment of the Level of Knowledge of Undergraduate Students

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging contagious disease and also a global health concern. Globally, this pandemic has become a prodigious threat to all, particularly affecting the undergraduate students to continue their studies in Bangladesh. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge regarding quarantine and isolation of coronavirus disease among undergraduate students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2020 among conveniently selected 194 undergraduate students from four universities in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected electronically through Google form using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: The mean age of students was 22.77±1.93 years which ranged from 19-29 years. Three-fourths (75.3%) of students resided in urban settings and four-fifths (80.9%) came from joint families. The students had good knowledge about quarantine (79.4%) and average knowledge about isolation (51.0%). Levels of knowledge about quarantine were statistically significant with age group, residence, family type and monthly family income. Levels of knowledge about isolation were significantly associated with family type and monthly family income. Conclusion: These results may lead to good public health practices among undergraduate students and also in the community. In this situation, increasing the knowledge of undergraduate students regarding quarantine and isolation can play an important role in improving the current situation. JAFMC Bangladesh, Vol 19, No 2 (December) 2023: 37-41

Caregiver burden among parents of school-age children with asthma: a cross-sectional study.

To investigate the caregiver burden of parents of school-age children with asthma and analyze the factors influencing their caregiver burden. A convenience sampling method was used to select 366 parents of school-age children with asthma who visited the outpatient departments of three tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province, China, from January 2021 to July 2021. A general information questionnaire and the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) were used to assess the current caregiver burden and analyze the influencing factors. The caregiver burden score of parents of school-age children with asthma was 27 (17, 39), with 40.43% of parents experiencing moderate to high levels of burden. Detailed results of univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in caregiver burden scores based on parents' gender, highest education level, number of children, occupation, family history of asthma, monthly family income, annual medical expenses for the child, child's gender, whether the child had undergone lung function tests, number of emergency visits due to asthma exacerbation in the past 3 months, and whether the child had missed school due to asthma exacerbation in the past 3 months (p < 0.1). Detailed results of multivariate analysis showed that parents' gender, occupation, family history of asthma, monthly family income, annual medical expenses for the child, number of emergency visits due to asthma exacerbation in the past 3 months, and whether the child had missed school due to asthma exacerbation in the past 3 months were independent risk factors for caregiver burden in parents of school-age children with asthma (p < 0.05). Parents of school-age children with asthma experience a certain level of caregiver burden, with over one-third of parents experiencing moderate to high levels of burden. Being a mother, being a worker, having no family history of asthma, having low monthly family income, having high annual medical expenses for the child, having frequent emergency visits due to asthma exacerbation in the past 3 months, and having missed school due to asthma exacerbation in the past 3 months are independent risk factors for caregiver burden in parents of school-age children with asthma, healthcare providers should develop feasible coping strategies, such as paying attention to caregivers' psychological condition to reduce the burden of caring for parents of school-age children with asthma. The entire society should also make efforts in improving social support and strengthening healthcare coverage in order to achieve the aforementioned goals.

Are sleep disorders associated with traumatic dental injuries in school children? A cross-sectional study.

To evaluate whether the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in permanent anterior teeth among school children is associated with sleep behaviours and disorders. A cross-sectional study was carried out with a representative sample of schoolchildren aged 8 to 10 years (n = 1402) from Florianopolis, Brazil. Clinical examinations for TDIs were performed according to the classification proposed by Andreasen. Parents/caregivers completed a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics and sleep behaviours/disorders (sleep duration, insomnia, sleep rhythmic movement, snoring, and signs of sleep apnoea). Descriptive analysis and Poisson regression were performed. The prevalence of TDIs was 10.9%. Insomnia was observed in 3.0% of the children, snoring in 42.8%, sleep rhythmic movement in 27.9%, and signs of obstructive sleep apnoea in 33.6% of the schoolchildren. Most children (75.2%) slept less than eight hours a day. The prevalence of TDIs was higher among schoolchildren with an increased overjet (PR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.15-2.35; P < 0.01), after adjusting for monthly family income, caregiver's schooling, and sleep behaviours. The prevalence of TDIs was not associated with sleep behaviours/disorders. Parent-reported sleep disorders such as insomnia, sleep rhythmic movement, snoring and signs of sleep apnoea were not associated with the prevalence of TDIs in schoolchildren. © 2024 Australian Dental Association.

Overweight, Obesity, and Associated Risk Factors among Students at the Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University.

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and the associated risk factors among medical students at Jazan University in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 228 medical students from their second to sixth academic years at the Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity, dietary habits, comorbidities, medication use, family history, and lifestyle factors. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight, and waist circumference were recorded. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors associated with obesity. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the participants was 13.3% and 15%, respectively. Hence, the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity is 28.3%. The mean weight was 63.39 ± 18.93 kg, and the mean height was 163.48 ± 9.78 cm. On the other hand, 17.3% of participants were underweight, whereas 54.4% had normal BMI. Most of the participants (61%) did not engage in regular exercise. A high proportion consumed fruits (82.9%) and vegetables (58.8%) 3 or fewer days per week, and 84.2% consumed 3 or fewer meals per day. Fast-food consumption more than 3 days per week was reported by 42.1% of participants. Obesity was not significantly associated with sociodemographic factors, physical activity, dietary habits, comorbidities, medication use, or family histories. However, those with a monthly family income of SAR 15,000-24,999 had significantly lower odds of obesity than those in the lowest income group (OR 0.230, p = 0.045). Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among medical students at Jazan University is high. Although no significant associations were found between obesity and most risk factors, this study highlights the need for interventions that promote healthy lifestyles among medical students. Further research is needed to identify effective strategies for preventing and managing obesity in this population.

Factors Influencing Readiness for Hospital Discharge among Patients Undergoing Enterostomy: A Descriptive, Cross-sectional Study.

To examine the factors influencing hospital discharge readiness among Chinese patients who have undergone enterostomy. In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, researchers recruited patients with colorectal cancer who underwent enterostomy at a tertiary hospital in Guangdong Province, China, via convenience sampling between January 2021 and January 2023. Participants completed the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale, Ostomy Self-care Ability Scale, and Stoma-Quality of Life-Chinese Questionnaire (Chinese version) at the time of hospital discharge. Univariate, correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to explore the impact of self-care ability, quality of life, and other clinicodemographic characteristics on patients' readiness for hospital discharge. Of the 200 questionnaires distributed, 177 (88.5%) were completed and included in the final analysis. The median scores for the factors considered in this study were as follows: Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale was 148.00 (interquartile range [IQR], 117.50, 164.00), self-care intention of the Ostomy Self-care Ability Scale was 36.00 (IQR, 34.00, 40.00), self-care knowledge of the Ostomy Self-care Ability Scale was 17.00 (IQR, 15.00, 19.00), self-care skill of the Ostomy Self-care Ability Scale was 5.00 (IQR, 3.00, 6.00), and the total score for quality of life was 60.00 (IQR, 49.00, 69.00). Multiple linear regression analysis identified several key factors explaining 48.2% of the variance in global readiness for hospital discharge: global quality of life (β = .347, P < .001), self-care knowledge (β = .259, P < .001), leakage during hospitalization (β = -0.241, P < .001), monthly family income (β = .148, P = .008), stoma siting before surgery (β = .130, P = .020), and self-care intention (β = .127, P = .035). The readiness for hospital discharge among patients undergoing enterostomy in this study was high. Factors such as quality of life, self-care knowledge, leakage during hospitalization, monthly family income, stoma siting before surgery, and self-care intention after undergoing enterostomy influenced the patients' readiness for hospital discharge. Therefore, future studies should focus on developing interventions to enhance patients' readiness for hospital discharge.

Psychological impact of the covid -19 pandemic on school age children

Introduction: The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the general population has been widely studied. However, few studies have been carried out on children, even though they are experiencing a difficult situation and major stress that may expose them to significant psychological suffering. We are interested in how children perceive these emotional changes during the confinement associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is to understand the impact of the pandemic and containment on children. To do this, we assessed the prevalence of depression, anxiety and perceived post-traumatic stress in school-age children, looking for factors associated with these psychopathological dimensions with a view to better management and intervention to reduce the possible negative effects of this situation. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study based on gathering information from all primary school pupils in Fez, who responded freely and voluntarily. The study was carried out over a period of two months, from June 2020 to August 2020, using an online self-questionnaire and psychometric evaluation scales: QIPS, CDI, CRIES-13. Results: 330 students met our inclusion criteria. The mean age of our participants was 8.68 ± 1.94 years, with a minimum of 6 years and a maximum of 12 years. There was a slight female predominance, with 168 girls (50.9%) and 162 boys (49.1%). Most of the pupils (95.2%) lived in urban areas, 92.7% of the children had married parents, and 64.5% of our participants had parents with a university education. Almost half of the children had a family income of more than Dhs10,000 per month. Only 2.1% of the children had a psychiatric history, 16.7% of the children had a history of somatic illness, 22.1% of the participants had a family psychiatric history, 11.2% of our participants had experienced a stressful event in their lives and 22.1% had parents who had previously experienced a stressful event. Evaluation of the CRIES-13 scale showed that 39.4% had a positive score of over 30 in favour of significant symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, a probable depressive state (CDI score&gt;15) was revealed in 26.1% of the children, and with regard to anxiety disorder, the mean score in our sample was 32.27 (±8.147) with a median of 29. The analytical study showed a statically significant relationship between certain socio-demographic characteristics, namely: parents' low level of education, living with divorced parents, low monthly family income and negative psychological impact during the pandemic. On the other hand, female gender was correlated with the occurrence of anxiety. Our study also revealed other correlations, notably between the presence of a personal history of psychiatric or somatic illness and the occurrence of depression, family psychiatric history, and the experience of a stressful event by the child and parents were factors strongly associated with the three psychological disorders studied. Factors related to the child's lifestyle, such as the practice of physical activity at home, a daily study period of less than 2 hours, and dissatisfaction with distance learning, were associated with psychological distress during confinement. In addition, certain personality traits seemed to be implicated in the worsening of this condition during confinement: the presence of a relative with covid-19, the child's knowledge of the pandemic, and the fear that the pandemic would continue. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a severe impact on the general public, particularly children, psychological interventions identifying and targeting children at risk are urgently needed, and future studies are warranted to design and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions.

Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) among older individuals of rural Bangladesh: findings from a face-to-face interview

IntroductionCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) stand as the foremost contributor to global mortality, claiming roughly 17.9 million lives each year, constituting 32.1% of total fatalities. Their impact is notably profound in economies such as Bangladesh, exacting a substantial economic burden. Consequently, grasping the landscape of knowledge, attitudes, and practices is essential for timely identification and prevention strategies.MethodsThis cross-sectional study, carried out between January and May 2023 in the rural regions of Zirani, Savar Upazila, Dhaka, Bangladesh, utilized convenient sampling and conducted face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. It encompassed socio-demographic factors, as well as knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning CVDs. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and regression analyses, utilizing both the R programming language and SPSS (Version 26).ResultA total of 424 participants aged 60 years and above were included. The majority were male (60.8%), and the mean age was 71.21 ± 9.21 years, 57.3% were between 60 and 70 years old. Factors such as education, monthly family income, high blood pressure, diabetes, and non-smoking. Were significantly associated with higher knowledge, attitudes and practices scores.ConclusionThis study illuminates CVD-related KAP among rural Older Individuals in Bangladesh, revealing significant associations between factors such as education, monthly family income, high blood pressure, and non-smoking, with higher scores in knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cardiovascular health. These insights underscore the importance of addressing socio-economic factors and health behaviors in developing targeted interventions for the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases in this demographic.

Food insecurity and its contributing determinants among rural households in the south-western region of Bangladesh, 2021: A cross-sectional study

IntroductionThe onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted food access, resulting in substantial consequences for food insecurity and contributing to adverse individual and public health outcomes. To comprehensively evaluate these challenges and grasp their implications for food security, this study aimed to evaluate the contributing determinants of food insecurity among rural households in the southwestern region of Bangladesh. Study designA cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated questionnaire in selected 310 rural household respondents from the southwestern region of Bangladesh. MethodsHousehold food insecurity status was the outcome variable for the analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to explore and predict risk factors correlated with food insecurity among southwestern Bangladeshi households. ResultsWe found that 59 % and 27.5 % of households were suffering from moderate food insecurity and severe food insecurity, respectively. The multinomial regression model revealed that respondents residing in Kusthia (RRR = 5.56 CI:2.67–8.4 and RRR = 6.65, CI:3.37–9.22) aged between 30 and 40 years (RRR = 2.32, 95 % CI:1.84–3.77 and RRR = 1.87, 95 % CI:1.48–3.97) and 40–50 years (RRR = 1.86 95 % CI:1.46–3.82 and RRR = 1.95, 95 % CI:1.75–3.26) were significantly associated with mild-to-moderate and severe food insecurity. Respondents with a monthly family income of <58.96 USD (3.38 times and 2.18 times), had ≥5 family members (2.68 times and 1.89 times), and had poor income during the pandemic (4.25 times and 2.75 times) more likely to be moderate and severe food insecure. ConclusionThe results emphasized that during the COVID-19 lockdown in Bangladesh, rural households faced diverse levels of food insecurity, ranging from moderate to severe. It suggests that efforts to raise awareness and implement support strategies for those at higher risk should not only focus on income but also consider additional factors such as family size, adults aged 30–40 years, and occupation.