This study explores the distinctive characteristics of Steel Matrix Composites (SMCs) reinforced with TiB2, concentrating on their hardening behavior during simple shear tests. The analysis considers an elastoplastic model with Isotropic and Mixed hardening. Emphasizing the necessity of kinematic hardening, experimental characterizations using EBSD and XRD highlight effects of matrix grain size and reinforcement impact on mechanical properties. Validation of the numerical model through Stress-Strain curves reveals a strong correlation, particularly with the mixed hardening model under reverse shear loading. Comprehending SMC strain hardening is crucial for optimizing parameters and numerically designing forming processes, enhancing manufacturing efficiency.