This study aims to investigate the leaching behavior of one-part geopolymer based on micronized sediments and fly ash. Four mixtures optimized in terms of mechanical performance and contain 0, 15, 30 and 50 % of sediments were studied. Mixtures characterization indicated that adding sediments increases compressive strength from 19 MPa to 29 MPa and increases mesoporosity (less than 50 nm) from 1.6 % to 3.5 %, with C-A-S-H and N-A-S-H gels coexistence. Given the use of dredged sediments in mixtures, it was important to study their environmental impact. The batch leaching test (0–4 mm) was carried out to study the environmental impact of mixtures at the end of their life cycle. Next, the potential for the release of chemical elements during the life cycle of the mixtures was studied through leaching tests on monolithic samples. The findings show that geopolymerization is effective for the chemical and physical immobilization of several contaminants contained in aluminosilicate sources. The geopolymer binders synthesized proved effective for the chemical immobilization of large metallic and metalloid trace elements (MMTEs) and anions (sulfate, chloride and fluoride). However, immobilization of oxy-anions MMTEs such as arsenic occurs by physical rather than chemical trapping, due to the low porosity of geopolymers. The concentration of arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) were below the non-hazardous wastes (NHW) threshold for all aluminosilicate sources but after activation the results show that these elements are mobilized due to elevated pH. This shows an effect of alkalinity on element mobilization/immobilization. It was demonstrated that carbonation could be a solution for immobilizing arsenic at the end of the mixtures' life cycle, as it reduced its concentration for all mixtures (between 20 and 51 % depending on the mixtures). In addition to these findings, the pH assessment (less than 12.5) showed that these binders can be considered as non-hazardous materials and can be assimilated to an ordinary non-corrosive binder.