Monitoring Of Priority Pollutants Research Articles

The Application of Toxicogenomics for (Drinking) Water Quality Assessment

Due to anthropogenic activities, freshwater systems worldwide are exposed to thousands of compounds. Monitoring of priority pollutants is important, however, monitoring of all individual compounds would be practically impossible. Moreover, the effects on human health remains mostly unknown since compound toxicity data is often absent. With the release of increasing amounts of new (emerging) chemicals into the environment, new monitoring strategies are required to assess the effects of (drinking water relevant) chemicals on human health. Therefore, sensitive in-vitro bioassays have been developed which focus on specific physiological effects such as endocrine disruption or mutagenicity. The advantages of bioassays are that they directly determine the effect of (an entire mixture of) compounds present in an environmental sample instead of identifying single compounds. These bioassays are able to detect known and unknown compounds as long as they trigger the bioassay response. However, a disadvantage of applying these assays may be that they each focus on a (relatively narrow selection of) specific physiological endpoint and that the human relevance is often obscure. The evolution of new technologies and the recent advances in the knowledge on DNA sequences and organisation (i.e. genomics) have enabled the development of new holistic tools, such as DNA microarrays. This report provides an overview of innovative omic methods and the mechanisms behind certain genomics technologies are explained. The main focus is on the potential application of DNA microarrays that are able to measure the impact of toxic substances on gene expression, i.e. transcription of DNA to mRNA (transcriptomics). Practical information on this method, such as sensitivity, analysis time, responsiveness, specificity, etc. is discussed. An overview is presented of the potential applications of this technology with regard to water quality assessment. In addition, the limitations and challenges that need to be overcome are discussed. The following potential applications for genomics in water quality assessment are foreseen: This title belongs to KWR Watercycle Research Institute Series . ISBN: 9781780406671 (eBook)

Workshop of the German Environmental Specimen Bank on monitoring of priority pollutants and emerging substances in sewage sludge

Workshop of the German Environmental Specimen Bank on monitoring of priority pollutants and emerging substances in sewage sludge

Polluants prioritaires dans les eaux pluviales urbaines : identification et concentrations

The implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60/CE requires Member States to gain a better understanding of priority pollutants entering surfaces waters. All kinds of effluents as well as urban water (wastewater and stormwater) are concerned. So, studies have put the light on direct discharges of these substances to the aquatic environment, since hazardous pollutants, listed or not in the WFD, could be released to a watercourse by stormwater. Moreover, data about priority substances in urban stormwater are scarce so far worldwide. Till now, monitoring of priority pollutants usually referred to analyses carried out on bulk samples without any discrimination between dissolved and particulate phases. This paper describes an innovative methodology which allows not only the determination of contamination level in both the dissolved and particulate phases of hazardous pollutants, but also all the precautions that must be taken from sampling to analysis. In order to include specific urban pollutants, the WFD list of 33 priority pollutants was scientifically extended to 88 individual substances. All samples will be collected, and monitored for these urban pollutants, by automatic samplers from three storm drainage systems in Paris and its suburb, whose watershed land use differs.

The usefulness of total concentrations and pore water concentrations of pesticides in soil as metrics for the assessment of ecotoxicological effects ‐ Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR)

The usefulness of total concentrations and pore water concentrations of pesticides in soil as metrics for the assessment of ecotoxicological effects ‐ Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR)

Electrochemical sensors for environmental monitoring: design, development and applications.

The advancement in miniaturization and microfabrication technology has led to the development of sensitive and selective electrochemical devices for field-based and in situ environmental monitoring. Electrochemical sensing devices have a major impact upon the monitoring of priority pollutants by allowing the instrument to be taken to the sample (rather than the traditional way of bringing the sample to the laboratory). Such devices can perform automated chemical analyses in complex matrices and provide rapid, reliable and inexpensive measurements of a variety of inorganic and organic pollutants. Although not exhaustive due to the vast amounts of new and exciting electrochemical research, this review addresses many important advances in electrochemical sensor design and development for environmental monitoring purposes. Critical design factors and development issues including analytical improvements (e.g. detection limits), microfabrication and remote communication are presented. In addition, modern environmental applications will be discussed and future perspectives considered.